CN105589074A - Multi-wavelength interference real-time absolute distance measurement device on the basis of femtosecond optical comb synchronization frequency locking - Google Patents
Multi-wavelength interference real-time absolute distance measurement device on the basis of femtosecond optical comb synchronization frequency locking Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S17/36—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S17/34—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
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Abstract
The present invention provides a multi-wavelength interference real-time absolute distance measurement device on the basis of femtosecond optical comb synchronization frequency locking. The multi-wavelength interference real-time absolute distance measurement device on the basis of femtosecond optical comb synchronization frequency locking comprises: a multi-wavelength generator on the basis of the femtosecond optical comb synchronization frequency locking configured to emit a plurality of high-frequency stable object wavelength lasers; a heterodyne interferometer configured to receive lasers outputted by the multi-wavelength generator after the femtosecond optical comb synchronization frequency locking, returning measurement light and reference light after generation of interference through the heterodyne interferometer being coupled in single mode fibers by lens focusing to form mixed multi-wavelength heterodyne interference signals; and a synchronization phase demodulation module configured to separate the mixed multi-wavelength heterodyne interference signals obtained by the heterodyne interferometer through wavelength demodulation to obtain interference signals corresponding to each wavelength and perform synchronization phase measurement processing of the interference signals corresponding to each wavelength to finally obtain an accurate absolute distance value. The multi-wavelength interference real-time absolute distance measurement device on the basis of femtosecond optical comb synchronization frequency locking is high in traceability of values, high in measurement precision, large in non-fuzziness measuring range, fast in update rate and easy to measurement on site in real time, and is applicable to the fields of the industrial production, the equipment manufacture and the large-size precision measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with laser ranging field, refers in particular to a kind of real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light.
Background technology
Laser ranging is distance measurement method and the technology that current precision is the highest. Tradition distance measuring method is mainly divided into the incoherent measurement of laser and the large class of interferometry two. The former has been widely used in over the ground, has been observed to the space telemeasurements such as location the moon, but is limited to electronics resolution capability, and certainty of measurement can only arrive mm magnitude. Though the laser interferometry technology based on homodyne and heterodyne theory can realize nanometer positioning precision, be applied to precision engineering field comparative maturity, but because its measuring principle is based on fringe count and phase-accumulated, therefore measuring Thresholding range (NAR) is only half optical maser wavelength, cannot meet the requirement of absolute distance measurement in large-sized equipment manufacture and mechanical erection, if large aircraft manufacturing, shipbuilding, radar antenna are apart from measurement and the assembling etc. of monitoring, large-scale precision lathe. For this reason, development large scale high-precision laser Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based principle and technology, significant to various fields such as scientific research, industrial production and Aero-Space.
Along with the development of precision spectroscopy, there is practitioner to propose a kind of revolutionary new pattern laser light source-femtosecond laser optical frequency com (being called for short " femtosecond light comb "), its appearance has not only realized the docking of optical frequency and microwave frequency, and the innovation that has brought length metering and laser absolute distance measurement technology, provide many new methods and new technology for realizing large scale high-precision laser Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based, be expected to the measuring distance of target to thousands of kilometers under space environment and reach nano level theoretical Measurement Resolution and precision.
Classical heterodyne ineterferometer is generally based on Michelson's interferometer light path, dual-frequency laser source goes out that radiofrequency difference is fixed and the mutually perpendicular linearly polarized light in polarization direction, when light source enters respectively reference arm and measure Lu Shihui the leakage that has polarized component through polarization splitting prism, thereby form difference interference signal there is polarization aliasing, cause the nonlinearity erron of measurement result. The survey phase nonlinearity erron causing in order to overcome polarization aliasing must use non-polarized light credit optical element in interferometer light path.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just: the technical problem existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of applied widely, precision is high combs the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light, comprising:
Femtosecond light is combed the multi-wavelength generator of synchronous frequency locking, is used for the target wavelength laser of the multiple high frequency stabilities of outgoing, the multiple wavelength laser light source of combing to femtosecond light as output frequency locking;
Heterodyne ineterferometer, be used for receiving the laser of being combed the multi-wavelength generator output of synchronous frequency locking by femtosecond light, this laser incides heterodyne ineterferometer after collimation, the return measurement light and the reference light that interfere are coupled in single-mode fiber by lens focus, form the multi-wavelength difference interference signal mixing;
Locking phase demodulation module, the mixed interference signal that is used for heterodyne ineterferometer to obtain is separated and is obtained the interference signal that each wavelength is corresponding by Wavelength demodulation, and the interference signal of each wavelength is carried out to locking phase measurement;
Treatment Analysis module, is used for decimal phase information that locking phase demodulation module is measured and wavelength value accurately, utilizes multi-wavelength algorithm to obtain accurate absolute distance value.
As a further improvement on the present invention: the multi-wavelength generator that described femtosecond light is combed synchronous frequency locking comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA and multiple CW laser instrument; Femtosecond light comb filters out side by side multiple comb moulds interval after described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA, and forms beat frequency with the target wavelength laser of multiple described CW laser instrument transmittings; Utilize OPLL technology to carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL to CW laser frequency based on beat frequency, complete laser frequency locking; By described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA, the multiple CW laser after frequency stabilization are coupled on same single-mode fiber efficiently again, realize the target wavelength laser of the multiple high frequency stabilities of outgoing.
As a further improvement on the present invention: the detailed process of described OPLL frequency locking is: part femtosecond light comb comb mould and CW laser instrument after described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA frequency-selecting produce beat frequency fbAfter being converted into the signal of telecommunication by detector PD, the reference signal producing taking signal generator FG is as reference, utilize electronics phaselocked loop mechanism to lock beat frequency, and utilizing P-I controller to carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL to the Injection Current of CW laser instrument, CW laser frequency lock is on a fixing light comb comb mould the most at last.
As a further improvement on the present invention: described heterodyne ineterferometer comprises 1 × 2 fiber coupler, by 1 × 2 fiber coupler, multi wave length illuminating source is divided into two-way, carries out frequency displacement through two acousto-optic modulators with certain frequency difference respectively; Through first sound-optic modulator AOM1Laser after frequency displacement carries out beam splitting by Amici prism BS after by the collimation prism with optical fiber interface, a branch of reference path that enters into, and another bundle is irradiated to after target mirror CC and returns and enter optical path; Through second sound-optic modulator AOM2Laser after frequency displacement directly enters reference path and optical path after beam splitting, finally forms the multi-wavelength difference interference signal of mixing on reference and measurement road simultaneously.
As a further improvement on the present invention: the reference light that described locking phase demodulation module is used for interferometer to obtain separates corresponding each wavelength interference signal by FBGA respectively with measurement light multi-wavelength difference interference signal, and then by photodetector array PDA, heterodyne interference light signal is carried out to opto-electronic conversion, obtain many groups reference that each wavelength is corresponding and measure the signal of telecommunication, the most group heterodyne signals carry out Multi-path synchronous phase measurement, thereby realize the locking phase demodulation of multi-wavelength interference.
As a further improvement on the present invention: described Treatment Analysis module is a computing and digital display module, be used for realizing collection and the correspondence with foreign country to environmental sensor, and make-up air refractive index; Described Treatment Analysis module is utilized the ambient parameter of surveying, Exact Wave long value and decimal phase measurement, is found accurately integer phase place and is obtained absolute distance value by decimal coincidence algorithm, also result is carried out to final demonstration and storage.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light of the present invention, use femtosecond light comb to produce multi-wavelength stabilized light and carry out interfeerometry ranging, the nanometer resolution and the precision that have retained single wavelength laser interferometry, measurement result can be traced to the source to microwave frequency benchmark.
2, the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light of the present invention, has effectively expanded range finding Thresholding range by multi-wavelength interference, and along with the increase of number of wavelengths used, Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based range can reach several meters and even go up ten meters.
3, the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light of the present invention, owing to adopting the synchronous interferometry of multi-wavelength, do not need to carry out the scanning of wavelength frequency scanning or reference path, can realize large scale, fast, dynamically, measure in real time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based installation drawing of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking in the embodiment of the present invention based on femtosecond light;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that produces high frequency stabilization continuous wave laser in the specific embodiment of the invention based on OPLL;
Fig. 3 combs based on femtosecond light the multi-wavelength position view that synchronous frequency locking produces in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of multi-wavelength interference locking phase demodulation in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic that in the specific embodiment of the invention, coincidence method is asked for integer phase place;
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
" femtosecond light comb " is to be produced by femtosecond mode-locked laser, shows as a succession of femtosecond laser periodic pulse train in time domain, and the repetition rate f of femtosecond pulse sequence nowrWith carrier envelope frequency displacement foAll lock onto microwave frequency standard, as atomic clock; In frequency domain, be the broadband discrete spectrum at equifrequent interval, these frequency spectrums extend to both sides centered by carrier frequency, and one the scale on frequency ruler seemingly, and minimum scale is frequency interval fr, spectral range can reach an optical frequency-doubling journey, and each root spectral line can directly be traced to the source to microwave frequency benchmark. Multi-wavelength interference Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based develops in synthetic wavelength theoretical foundation, in order to keep the high accuracy of laser interferometry, has Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based ability concurrently simultaneously. The present invention utilizes the superfinishing frequency chi characteristic of femtosecond light comb just, can produce the multiple wavelength laser light source that wavelength is different, stability is high synchronously interferes simultaneously, by the decimal phase information of synchro measure multi-wavelength interference signal, then calculate single wavelength integer phase place according to decimal coincidence algorithm, thereby finally obtain absolute distance value.
Based on above-mentioned principle, as shown in Figure 1, the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light of the present invention, comprising:
The multi-wavelength generator of femtosecond light comb frequency stabilization, is used for the target wavelength laser of the multiple high frequency stabilities of outgoing, the multiple wavelength laser light source of combing to femtosecond light as output frequency locking;
Heterodyne ineterferometer, be used for receiving the laser by the multi-wavelength generator output of femtosecond light comb frequency stabilization, this laser incides heterodyne ineterferometer after collimation, and the return measurement light and the reference light that interfere are coupled in single-mode fiber by lens focus, forms the multi-wavelength difference interference signal mixing;
Locking phase demodulation module, the mixed interference signal that is used for heterodyne ineterferometer to obtain is separated and is obtained the interference signal that each wavelength is corresponding by Wavelength demodulation, and the interference signal of each wavelength is carried out to locking phase measurement;
Treatment Analysis module, is used for decimal phase information that locking phase demodulation module is measured and wavelength value accurately, utilizes multi-wavelength algorithm to obtain accurate absolute distance value.
In concrete application example, the multi-wavelength generator that femtosecond light is combed synchronous frequency locking comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA and multiple CW laser instrument; First, femtosecond light comb filters out side by side multiple comb moulds interval after Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA, and forms beat frequency with the target wavelength laser of multiple CW laser instrument transmittings; Then, utilize OPLL technology to carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL to CW laser frequency based on beat frequency, thereby complete laser frequency locking; Finally, then by Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA, the multiple CW laser after frequency stabilization are coupled on same single-mode fiber efficiently, thereby system is realized from the target wavelength laser of the multiple high frequency stabilities of single output port outgoing simultaneously.
Although femtosecond light comb has hundreds of thousands root spectral line, on average to energy corresponding to each line wavelength only tens receive Jiao, therefore can not directly be used to carry out multi-wavelength interference range finding. In order to meet the demand of multi-wavelength interference, the present invention takes OPLL technology, and by multiple CW laser, frequency locking is to femtosecond light comb comb mould simultaneously, and frequency locking principle as shown in Figure 2. The detailed process of OPLL frequency locking is: part femtosecond light comb comb mould and CW laser after Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA frequency-selecting produce beat frequency fbAfter being converted into the signal of telecommunication by detector PD, the reference signal producing taking signal generator FG is as reference, utilize electronics phaselocked loop mechanism to lock beat frequency, and utilize P-I controller to carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL to the Injection Current of CW laser instrument, CW laser frequency lock is on a fixing light comb comb mould the most at last, and the CW frequency f of lockingCWCan be expressed as:
fCW＝Nfr+fo±fb(1) in formula, frFor the repetition rate of femtosecond light comb, foFor carrier envelope frequency, the integral multiple that N is repetition rate. Due to fr、foAnd fbAll be traceable to atomic clock, therefore fCWCan be traceable to microwave frequency benchmark. Because the bandwidth of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA is generally 100GH left and right, therefore the transmitted light after Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA filtering contains a hundreds of comb mould, can cover all comb mould frequencies in bandwidth on the frequency locking interval theory of selected CW laser. But in actual Locking System, in order to obtain stable frequency locking feedback control signal, generally by CW laser frequency lock to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA centre wavelength region. Here CW laser used can be semiconductor laser or optical-fiber laser.
The present invention adopts the optical frequency generator based on OPLL technology. For meeting the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based of multi-wavelength interference to light source requirements, take to utilize OPLL technology by multiple continuous waves (CW) laser technical scheme that frequency locking is combed mould to femtosecond light comb simultaneously. Utilize the important step of the synchronous frequency locking of OPLL technology to comprise: femtosecond light comb filters out multiple comb moulds interval after FBGA simultaneously, and the centre wavelength of each FBG is selected to determine by wavelength, can effectively keep selected comb mould energy; Multiple laser instruments are launched the CW laser of target wavelength simultaneously, and with the relevant beat frequency that forms of the comb mould filtering out through FBG, recycling frequency stabilization Phase Lock Technique is carried out Frequency Locking to laser instrument, and the synchronous frequency locking of final each wavelength frequency quilt is to femtosecond light comb comb mould. Because the CW laser here can be produced by semiconductor laser, therefore the opticator of whole OPLL can complete under optical fiber structure, therefore easily forms integrated module device. Meanwhile, in order to reduce energy loss, generating apparatus utilizes FBGA that the multiwavelength laser after frequency locking is coupled to the same enterprising line output of SMF again, final realization from the target wavelength laser of the multiple high frequency stabilities of single output port outgoing simultaneously. The advantage of combing the optical frequency generator of synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light is: the adjustable extent of optical frequency is large, and frequency stability is high, and emergent power is large, can trace to the source to microwave frequency standard, is especially applicable to carrying out multi-wavelength interference and interference signal demodulation; Locking System is reliable and stable, it is integrated to be easy to and modularization, system portable and can remote control etc.
The present invention contrasts traditional difference interference light path that polarization spectro method realizes, improved heterodyne ineterferometer light path is not used any polarization optical element, the nonlinearity erron of having avoided polarization aliasing to bring, realize low noise desirable heterodyne detection, most important to utilizing coincidence method expansion Thresholding range and realizing multi-wavelength interference Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based.
Comb the multi wave length illuminating source of synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light, as shown in Figure 3, i the equal frequency locking of CW Frequency Stabilized Lasers producing is to corresponding comb mode spectrum line, and selected concrete optical maser wavelength (or frequency) needs to meet the wavelength relationship that adopts multi-wavelength interference to expand NAR. Wavelength is selected to meet and be related to that available equivalents synthetic wavelength chain model makes an explanation, and the equivalent composite wave long-chain of anticipating shown in Fig. 3 is: maximum wavelength λiWith minimum wavelength λ1Composition first order equivalence synthetic wavelength ^1, corresponding NAR2Reach 10-5M magnitude; Minimum wavelength λ1With inferior small wavelength λ2Composition second level equivalence synthetic wavelength ^2, corresponding NAR2Reach 10-3M magnitude; Secondary synthetic wavelength ^2And ^2' composition third level equivalence synthetic wavelength ^3, corresponding NAR2Reach 10-2M magnitude; Continue to increase wavelength, the Thresholding range of corresponding the longest equivalent synthetic wavelength can reach m magnitude.
Carry out multi-wavelength selection and need the Wavelength demodulation bandwidth that two factors of consideration are decimal phase measurement accuracy and FBG, phase measurement accuracy has determined the feasibility that scale factor scope between synthetic wavelengths at different levels and inter-stage merge, and Wavelength demodulation bandwidth has determined the minimum interval between selected wavelength. If phase measurement ± 3 δ confidential interval precision are σ, the inter-stage scale factor of synthetic wavelength is expressed as βk, the inter-stage of analyzing first order equivalence synthetic wavelength merges, and need meet inequality:
In formulaIt is the synthetic uncertainty of phase measurement of two wavelength. Due to λi＞λ1, can be solved by above formula
The general expression that is generalized to multistage equivalent synthetic wavelength by relational expression (2) is
Now M represents synthetic wavelength ^kNumber of wavelengths used, the general expression of inter-stage fusion inequality relation is
Inequality (5) is the basic principle of carrying out wavelength location selection.
Further, the present invention, in the time carrying out the selection of third level equivalence synthetic wavelength, has utilized the thought of secondary equivalence synthetic wavelength: by two secondary synthetic wavelength ^2And ^2' carrying out equivalence again synthesizes, composition third level equivalence synthetic wavelength ^3, therefore now used four wavelength, i.e. M=4. Although this is because use the fusion efficiencies of two wavelength higher, if form ^ according to two wavelength situations3Time, the GHz level that is spaced apart of two wavelength, is now difficult to utilize the method for FBGA optically filtering to realize Wavelength demodulation. The scheme of carrying out wavelength location selection is also included in other similar wavelength combination that adopt on inequality (5) basis.
Multi-wavelength heterodyne ineterferometer light path of the present invention, optics generator polarization light output, after 1 × 2 fiber coupler is divided into two, is passed through respectively acousto-optic modulator AOM1And AOM2Carry out size and be respectively f1And f2Frequency displacement. Through AOM1Optical-fiber laser after frequency displacement carries out beam splitting by BS after by the collimation prism with optical fiber interface, and reverberation enters into reference path, and transmitted light is irradiated to after target mirror CC and returns and enter optical path; And through AOM2Laser after frequency displacement after BS beam splitting transmitted light directly enter optical path, reverberation enters reference path after being returned by speculum RM; Different frequency displacement light beams interfere, and finally form respectively heterodyne beat signal in reference and measurement road. Now beat frequency rate is frequency poor of two acousto-optic modulators, meets △ f=|f1-f2|, can manipulate very quickly frequency difference size by the frequency displacement that regulates AOM, be convenient to directly form low frequency heterodyne signal and meet follow-up opto-electronic conversion and phase measurement demand, and the beat signal forming can be traced to the source to microwave frequency benchmark. In concrete application example, heterodyne ineterferometer is to utilize 1 × 2 fiber coupler that multi wave length illuminating source is divided into two-way, carries out frequency displacement respectively through two acousto-optic modulators with certain frequency difference. Because frequency difference now will be served as heterodyne frequency, therefore acousto-optic modulator frequency difference is generally elected tens kHz as. Through first sound-optic modulator AOM1Laser after frequency displacement carries out beam splitting by Amici prism BS after by the collimation prism with optical fiber interface, a branch of reference path that enters into, and another bundle is irradiated to after target mirror CC and returns and enter optical path; Through second sound-optic modulator AOM2Laser after frequency displacement directly enters reference path and optical path after beam splitting, finally forms the multi-wavelength difference interference signal of mixing on reference and measurement road simultaneously.
As from the foregoing, multi wave length illuminating source is through the light path of above-mentioned heterodyne ineterferometer, by reference to measure the collimater C (collimation prism) on road by multi-wavelength difference interference signal coupling in single-mode fiber, directly send into the locking phase demodulation module of multi-wavelength interference and process, as shown in Figure 4. multi-wavelength difference interference signal separates corresponding each wavelength interference signal by Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA respectively, and then by photodetector array (PDA), heterodyne interference light signal is carried out to opto-electronic conversion, obtain many groups reference that each wavelength is corresponding and measure the signal of telecommunication, to organize the signal of telecommunication is carried out bandpass filtering and is crossed zero balancing by bandpass filter BPF and high-speed comparator HC simultaneously successively, finally obtain the time delay of reference and measuring-signal and be converted into decimal phase place by high-speed digital signal processing unit, thereby realize the Multi-path synchronous phase measurement of multi-wavelength heterodyne signal.
In concrete application example, the reference light that locking phase demodulation module is used for interferometer to obtain separates corresponding each wavelength interference signal by FBGA respectively with measurement light multi-wavelength difference interference signal, and then by photodetector array PDA, heterodyne interference light signal is carried out to opto-electronic conversion, obtain many groups reference that each wavelength is corresponding and measure the signal of telecommunication, the most group heterodyne signals carry out Multi-path synchronous phase measurement, thereby realize the locking phase demodulation of multi-wavelength interference.
In concrete application example, Treatment Analysis module is a concrete computing and digital display module, is also further used for realizing collection and the correspondence with foreign country to environmental sensor, and utilizes Ciddor empirical equation make-up air refractive index; Utilize the ambient parameter of surveying, Exact Wave long value and decimal phase measurement, find integer phase place accurately and obtain absolute distance value by decimal coincidence algorithm, also result is carried out to final demonstration and storage.
In the time of concrete application, utilize laser interference to carry out the basic representation of range measurement:
In formula, L is target range, and n is air refraction, and m is integer phase place, and e is decimal phase place. On wavelength frequency locking and phase measurement basis, also need make-up air refractive index n, record temperature T, pressure P, relative humidity H and the gas concentration lwevel X of optical path here by environmental sensor, and utilize Ciddor empirical equation to calculate air refraction. Calculation processing unit is except functions such as communication, demonstration and storages, and most important is to carry out decimal coincidence algorithm to find the integer phase place m that single wavelength is interfered accurately, thereby obtains absolute distance value by formula (6).
Above-mentioned " coincidence method " is to grow up on the algebraic process of decimal congruence, under multi-wavelength interference condition, supposes that for the number of wavelengths of interfeerometry ranging be i, can set up multi-wavelength range finding equation group according to formula (6):
Because the number of unknown number in the equation group of formula (7) is more 1 than equational number all the time, so cannot determine uniquely distance value L. If but consider miNecessary round numbers in Thresholding range ability and so on situation, is to obtain the integer phase place unique solution that each wavelength is corresponding in coarse range measuring precision. If coarse range measuring value is Lc, uncertainty of measurement is △ L, needs to meet △ L < NARi, now actual distance value L can meet
Lc-△L＜L＜LcNow minimum wavelength λ of+△ L (8)1Corresponding integer phase place m1Meet
INT[in formula] be bracket function, and order
Can be at [Mmin，Mmax] between round numbers one by one, be designated as m '1, corresponding reference distance L ' can be expressed as
When carry out the screening of integer phase place by software algorithm, inequality condition that need be simultaneously satisfied is
Frac[in formula] represent to get decimal function, α is phase place tolerance, its value is generally got the uncertainty of phase measurement. As adopted m '1While meeting all different wave length inequality relation formulas of formula (12), can think m '1＝m1For target integer phase place, as shown in Figure 5. So, finally record absolute distance value L=λ1·(m1+e1)/2n1。
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is also not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonging under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light, is characterized in that, comprising:
Femtosecond light is combed the multi-wavelength generator of synchronous frequency locking, is used for the target wavelength laser of the multiple high frequency stabilities of outgoing, doesFor output frequency locking is to the multiple wavelength laser light source of femtosecond light comb;
Heterodyne ineterferometer, is used for receiving the laser of being combed the multi-wavelength generator output of synchronous frequency locking by femtosecond light, and this laser is through accurateAfter straight, incide heterodyne ineterferometer, the return measurement light and the reference light that interfere are coupled in single-mode fiber by lens focus, shapeThe multi-wavelength difference interference signal that becomes to mix;
Locking phase demodulation module, the mixed interference signal that is used for heterodyne ineterferometer to obtain is separated and is obtained each by Wavelength demodulationThe interference signal that wavelength is corresponding, and the interference signal of each wavelength is carried out to locking phase measurement;
Treatment Analysis module, is used for decimal phase information that locking phase demodulation module is measured and wavelength value accurately, profitObtain accurate absolute distance value with multi-wavelength algorithm.
2. the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, the multi-wavelength generator that described femtosecond light is combed synchronous frequency locking comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA and multiple CWLaser instrument; Femtosecond light comb filters out side by side multiple comb moulds interval after described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA, and with manyThe target wavelength laser of individual described CW laser instrument transmitting forms beat frequency; Utilize OPLL technology to CW laser frequency based on beat frequencyCarry out FEEDBACK CONTROL, complete laser frequency locking; Again by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA by after frequency stabilizationMultiple CW laser is coupled on same single-mode fiber efficiently, realizes the target wavelength laser of the multiple high frequency stabilities of outgoing.
3. the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based device of multi-wavelength interference of combing synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light according to claim 2, its spyLevy and be, the detailed process of described OPLL frequency locking is: the part after described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG array FBGA frequency-selectingFemtosecond light comb comb mould and CW laser instrument produce beat frequency fb, after being converted into the signal of telecommunication by detector PD, with signal generator FGThe reference signal producing is reference, utilizes electronics phaselocked loop mechanism to lock beat frequency, and injection electricity to CW laser instrumentFluently carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL with P-I controller, CW laser frequency lock is on a fixing light comb comb mould the most at last.
4. according to combing the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based dress of the multi-wavelength interference of synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light described in claim 1 or 2 or 3Put, it is characterized in that, described heterodyne ineterferometer comprises 1 × 2 fiber coupler, by 1 × 2 fiber coupler by multi wave length illuminating sourceBe divided into two-way, carry out frequency displacement through two acousto-optic modulators with certain frequency difference respectively; Through first sound-optic modulator AOM1FrequentlyLaser after moving carries out beam splitting by Amici prism BS after by the collimation prism with optical fiber interface, a branch of reference path that enters into,Another bundle is irradiated to after target mirror CC and returns and enter optical path; Through second sound-optic modulator AOM2Warp of laser after frequency displacementAfter beam splitting, directly enter reference path and optical path, finally form the multi-wavelength difference interference of mixing on reference and measurement road simultaneouslySignal.
5. according to combing the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based dress of the multi-wavelength interference of synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light described in claim 1 or 2 or 3Put, it is characterized in that, the reference light that described locking phase demodulation module is used for interferometer to obtain and measurement light multi-wavelength heterodyne are dryRelate to signal and by FBGA, corresponding each wavelength interference signal is separated respectively, and then pass through photodetector arrayPDA carries out opto-electronic conversion to heterodyne interference light signal, obtains many groups reference that each wavelength is corresponding and measures the signal of telecommunication, the mostGroup heterodyne signal carries out Multi-path synchronous phase measurement, thereby realizes the locking phase demodulation of multi-wavelength interference.
6. according to combing the real-time Models of Absolute Distance Measurement Based dress of the multi-wavelength interference of synchronous frequency locking based on femtosecond light described in claim 1 or 2 or 3Put, it is characterized in that, described Treatment Analysis module is a computing and digital display module, is used for realizing environmental sensorGather and correspondence with foreign country, and make-up air refractive index; Described Treatment Analysis module utilize the ambient parameter of surveying, Exact Wave long value andDecimal phase measurement, is found accurately integer phase place and is obtained absolute distance value by decimal coincidence algorithm, also carries out final to resultShow and storage.
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