CN105586558A - 一种铜表面处理工艺 - Google Patents

一种铜表面处理工艺 Download PDF

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CN105586558A
CN105586558A CN201610054978.5A CN201610054978A CN105586558A CN 105586558 A CN105586558 A CN 105586558A CN 201610054978 A CN201610054978 A CN 201610054978A CN 105586558 A CN105586558 A CN 105586558A
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workpiece
treatment
copper
cleaning
temperature
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王建飞
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Taicang Jiegong Precision Metal Material Co Ltd
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Taicang Jiegong Precision Metal Material Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

一种铜表面处理工艺，包括以下步骤：(1)大气环境下对工件表面进行热氧化处理，冷却后出去表面氧化物；(2)采用机械清洗及化学清洗的方式对工件表面进行清洗处理；(3)对工件进行喷砂处理；(4)将工件隔氧加热至520-560℃，保持温度，将工件浸入熔化的铝液中，在将其取出；(5)将工件迅速冷却；(6)工件冷却至常温后对工件进行喷丸处理；(7)工件表面喷涂封孔剂；(8)将工件在热处理炉中进行加热扩散。本发明的有益效果是：工艺过程简单，操作方便，实际生产成本较小，使用本发明制成的工件其表面硬度高，耐磨性强，耐腐蚀性强，易于推广。

Description

一种铜表面处理工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铜表面处理工艺。
背景技术
铜及铜合金是人类历史上使用最早的金属材料之一。铜合金具有高的导电性、导热性、耐腐蚀性及优良的成形性,广泛用于电力、电工、矿山、冶金及机械制造业。但铜合金表面的热耐磨性能较差,工程应用中常常需要进行表面涂覆或改性。
铜属半贵金属，与平衡氢电极相比，具有较正的电位，但和氧电极电位相比，又较负。所以在大多数条件下可能进行阴极吸氧腐蚀，而不可能从酸中析出氢。当酸、碱中无氧化剂存在时，铜比较耐蚀；当含氧化剂时，铜发生腐蚀。
铜腐蚀按过程分为化学腐蚀、电化学腐蚀和物理腐蚀。化学腐蚀是铜表面与周围介质直接发生电化学作用而引起的破坏。在腐蚀过程中，电子的传递是在铜与氧化剂之间直接进行的。电化学腐蚀是铜表面与离子电导的电介质发生电化学反应而产生的破坏，也是一种最普遍、最常见的腐蚀，同时也是比较严重的一类腐蚀。铜在大气、海水、土壤、酸、碱、盐介质中的腐蚀绝大多数是电化学腐蚀。电化学腐蚀可以和机械、力学、生物的破坏共同作用，加剧金属铜的损失。物理腐蚀是指铜由于单纯的物理作用所引起的破坏，这类腐蚀所占比例较小。
纯铜具有很高的导热性、导电性和抗蚀性，在冶金工业和石化工业中得到广泛应用。例如使用纯铜制造炼铁高炉中的风口、渣口、冷却壁、转炉氧枪喷头、钢坯热切割割枪烧嘴、炼钢连铸机中的结晶器以及一些化工设备部件等。这些部件的工作环境一面与高温液体或气体介质直接接触，另一面与水或者气体等冷却介质接触。但是，纯铜的抗高温氧化性差，硬度低、不耐磨。用纯铜制作的风口、渣口和结晶器等在高温铁水、钢水的冲刷、磨损下很容易失效损坏。冶金行业传热铜制品的寿命问题是世界性的难题，世界各国都在努力解决。目前被认为效果较好的技术多为表面强化方法，其中包括：镀合金、渗合金以及堆焊耐热合金，此外还有热喷涂隔热涂层以及镶嵌瓷片等工艺方法。传统的处理方法效果不好，处理需要较高的成本，并且处理好的工件其性能不能达到要求，因此急需一种改进的技术来解决上述技术缺陷。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种铜表面处理工艺。
本发明针对上述技术缺陷所提出的技术方案是：
一种铜表面处理工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)大气环境下对工件表面进行热氧化处理，冷却后出去表面氧化物；
(2)采用机械清洗及化学清洗的方式对工件表面进行清洗处理；
(3)对工件进行喷砂处理；
(4)将工件隔氧加热至520-560℃，保持温度，将工件浸入熔化的铝液中，在将其取出；
(5)将工件迅速冷却；
(6)工件冷却至常温后对工件进行喷丸处理；
(7)工件表面喷涂封孔剂；
(8)将工件在热处理炉中进行加热扩散。
工件浸入铝液中的时间为1-3min。
扩散处理在大气环境的热处理中进行，加热温度780-820℃，温度保持4-6小时，自然冷却。
本发明的有益效果是：工艺过程简单，操作方便，实际生产成本较小，使用本发明制成的工件其表面硬度高，耐磨性强，耐腐蚀性强，易于推广。
具体实施方式
一种铜表面处理工艺，包括以下步骤：(1)大气环境下对工件表面进行热氧化处理，冷却后出去表面氧化物；(2)采用机械清洗及化学清洗的方式对工件表面进行清洗处理；(3)对工件进行喷砂处理；(4)将工件隔氧加热至560℃，保持温度，将工件浸入熔化的铝液中，在将其取出；(5)将工件迅速冷却；(6)工件冷却至常温后对工件进行喷丸处理；(7)工件表面喷涂封孔剂；(8)将工件在热处理炉中进行加热扩散，工件浸入铝液中的时间为3min，扩散处理在大气环境的热处理中进行，加热温度820℃，温度保持6小时，自然冷却，工艺过程简单，操作方便，实际生产成本较小，使用本发明制成的工件其表面硬度高，耐磨性强，耐腐蚀性强，易于推广。

Claims (3)

1.一种铜表面处理工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)大气环境下对工件表面进行热氧化处理，冷却后出去表面氧化物；
(2)采用机械清洗及化学清洗的方式对工件表面进行清洗处理；
(3)对工件进行喷砂处理；
(4)将工件隔氧加热至520-560℃，保持温度，将工件浸入熔化的铝液中，在将其取出；
(5)将工件迅速冷却；
(6)工件冷却至常温后对工件进行喷丸处理；
(7)工件表面喷涂封孔剂；
(8)将工件在热处理炉中进行加热扩散。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铜表面处理工艺，其特征在于：工件浸入铝液中的时间为1-3min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铜表面处理工艺，其特征在于：扩散处理在大气环境的热处理中进行，加热温度780-820℃，温度保持4-6小时，自然冷却。
CN201610054978.5A 2016-01-27 2016-01-27 一种铜表面处理工艺 Pending CN105586558A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5983756A (ja) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-15 Sankyo Gokin Chuzosho:Kk 銅基金属基材への銅基溶射皮膜の被着法
CN101638788A (zh) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-03 沈阳工业大学 铜表面抗氧化、耐磨层制备工艺
CN104480422A (zh) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-01 昆山泽拉金属制品有限公司 一种铜表面处理工艺

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5983756A (ja) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-15 Sankyo Gokin Chuzosho:Kk 銅基金属基材への銅基溶射皮膜の被着法
CN101638788A (zh) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-03 沈阳工业大学 铜表面抗氧化、耐磨层制备工艺
CN104480422A (zh) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-01 昆山泽拉金属制品有限公司 一种铜表面处理工艺

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
王征等: "铜热浸镀铝扩散层生长动力学模型", 《功能材料》 *
王征等: "铜热浸镀铝的组织与性能", 《稀有金属》 *

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Application publication date: 20160518