CN105586210A - Preparation methods of organic pit mud - Google Patents
Preparation methods of organic pit mud Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Preparation methods of organic pit mud involve a pit mud formula and operation method, a pit mud preparation method where Tibetan yak bone marrow is added, a pit mud preparation method where after-run compound liquid is added, and a pit mud material cultivation method. In a Baijiu pit mud preparation method where natural Tibetan yak bone marrow leach liquor and nine-cereal flavored after-run compound liquid are added, selected fine-grain loess is processed into fine powder through a hammer type smashing machine after being air-dried so that the granularity of the material can be as consistent as possible, loess powder is spread to be 0.8-1.0 m thick, other solid materials are added according to the specified number, the materials are turned and fried twice, mixed as evenly as possible and kept low in the middle and high on the two sides so that slurry can be conveniently added, then liquid materials are added to the solid materials for soaking the solid materials for 2-3 hours, water is supplemented appropriately according to the dryness and wetness of the materials, the temperature of the mixed pit mud is 25-30 DEG C, the moisture is controlled to be about 50%, the pH value is better to be about 6.5, the materials are treaded, kneaded, ridged and stacked by feet after passing through a mud mixing machine, partitioning and layering are achieved through bamboo pedals so that the effects of interfaces can be increased when the mud enters a pond for fermentation, an anaerobic environment is formed so that water loss can be prevented, the fermentation temperature is 35-40 DEG C, fermentation time is 30-40 days, it is avoided in the fermentation process that pit mud loses water and gets mildew, and a layer of clear tap water is injected on plastic cloth after sealing is conducted through the plastic cloth so that a water sealing method can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The preparation method of a kind of organic cellar for storing things of the present invention mud, relates to brewing technical field; Be particularly related to the skill of storing mud in wine brewingArt field; Be specifically related to store the organic selective preparation technique of nutrient source of mud field.
Background technology
Cellar for storing things mud is not only the key substance that aromatic Chinese spirit Yi Shi riverfront group nine grain aromatic white spirits are produced, pit mud qualityQuality affects the formation of ecological Jiao Chi, the white spirit by solid state method that brews high yield and high quality that the pond, cellar for storing things of ecology can be stable, Jiao ChiOnly reach ecology and could realize sustainable production truly. Riverfront group, by many decades scientific research, passes throughThe checking of a large amount of production practices, has creationaryly set up a set of complete pit mud culture technology, and the feature of this technique is notUse and add any inorganic substances, material used is all selected from local distinctive natural organic, utilizes existing ecological cellar for storing thingsThe fungus strain advantage in pond by scientific formulation stir soft ripe raw mud enter cellar for storing things with bamboo sole interlayer anaerobic fermentation, in sweat mud look byThe shallow fungus strain that deepens reaches balance gradually, and anaerobic bacteria, if the growth and breeding of caproic acid bacteria, butyric, methane backeria is in long-term activeState, pit mud culture is mature on the whole.
The cellar for storing things mud maturity period of cultivating by the method is short, and the continuity of fungus strain has kept higher uniformity to ensure product windThe stability of lattice feature is stored mud inorganic constituents content humble simultaneously, and the nutrient source of microorganism has ensured from natural organic matterThe stability of ferment process and continuation have been avoided cellar for storing things mud to add a large amount of alkaline elements of accumulation because of the blindness of inorganic nutrient substance causingThe unbalance and cellar for storing things mud of the microorganism mortality fungus strain of the unbalance appearance of the cellar for storing things mud acid basicity phenomenon that hardens.
Summary of the invention
Organic cellar for storing things mud and inorganic cellar for storing things mud have following difference:
1, the contained microbe species of Jiao Nizhong is different
Organic Jiao Chi adopts some materials in esterification mud, cellar for storing things mud mother liquor and pond, cellar for storing things, and make to store mud and can adapt to fast store pool environment,In pond, ecological cellar for storing things, all kinds of microorganism species are abundant simultaneously, produce and produce fragrant flavor component complexity, each constituents harmony; Inorganic cellar for storing things mudDue to main Caproic Acid Bacteria Culture, contained microorganism species is less, generates flavor component single.
Table 2: inorganic cellar for storing things mud and organic cellar for storing things mud microorganism are issued feature (individual/g dry ground)
2, cellar for storing things mud sense organ difference
Organic cellar for storing things mud is owing to being rich in multiple-microorganism, and commensalism symbiosis situation complexity between microorganism, shows that cellar for storing things mud outward appearance news is fragrantExquisiteness, cellar for storing things mud fragrance is coordinated, and mud look is taupe more, under sunlight, has iridescent; Inorganic cellar for storing things mud, owing to adopting purebred caproic acid bacteria, is joinedWith fermentations such as inorganic fertilizers, cellar for storing things mud is heard fragrant single, and ethyl hexanoate monomer is fragrant outstanding, and mud look is taking grey as main.
3, the contained nutrient source difference of Jiao Nizhong
The nutrient source that organic cellar for storing things mud is microorganism mainly with organic matter nitrogen phosphorus potassium such as yellow water, vinasse in beans, esterifying liquid, cellar for storing things; InorganicCellar for storing things mud, taking purebred Caproic Acid Bacteria Culture as main, mainly with inorganic salts as inorganic nitrogen phosphorus potassium such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate isThe nutrient source of microorganism.
Table 3: inorganic cellar for storing things mud with divide and Analysis of Nutritive Composition with organic cellar for storing things muddy water
The Major Nutrient material of inorganic cellar for storing things mud is the acidic materials such as Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, and these are inorganicNutriment, in the metabolic process of microorganism, produces summation, and microorganism is consuming after the nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, itsSulfate radical, chlorine root plasma increase relatively, cause storing H in mud+Increase, make to store the rapid acidifying of mud, cause the crumb structure of cellar for storing things mudDestroy, the water-holding capacity of cellar for storing things mud declines, and (the suitable growth pH value of caproic acid bacteria exists the phenomenon that hardening appears in surface, pH value declinesBetween 5.5-6.5). The acidifying meeting of cellar for storing things mud causes Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe3+Can accelerate the stripping from mud, and lactic acid in poor unstrained spiritsForm the materials such as calcium lactate, ferric lactate.
In Diammonium phosphate (DAP), contain in addition more harmful heavy metal, main cause is that the raw materials for production of phosphate fertilizer are rocks phosphate in powder,Wherein contain a certain amount of heavy metal, these heavy metals join Jiao Nizhong and can not decomposed by microorganism, and continuous in the mud of cellar for storing thingsAccumulation, to microorganisms toxic action.
The White wine pit of natural Tibetan, Qilian mountains yak marrow leaching liquor, nine grain odor type wine tail complex liquids that the present invention adds is clayPreparation Method relates to brewing technical field.
The preparation method of a kind of organic cellar for storing things of the present invention mud is to use beater grinder after selected sticky loess is driedGo over into fine powder, make material thickness consistent as far as possible. Loess is spread out to (thickness 0.8-1.0m), quantity in accordance with regulations adds otherSolid material, turns over and copies twice, mix, and in the middle of keeping, low both sides is high is convenient to add slurry as far as possible. Then by fluent material in the lumpAdd in the middle of solid material, infiltrate 2-3h, and take the circumstances into consideration moisturizing according to material dry wet, the temperature of the cellar for storing things mud that makes to become reconciled is 25 DEG C-30DEG C, moisture control is 50% left and right, pH value is about 6.5 is advisable, and excessively after tug mill, tramps with one's feet and rubs Long Dui, uses bamboo pin when pit entry fermentationPlate separates layering to increase interface interaction, forms anaerobic environment and prevents water loss; Fermentation temperature 35-40 degree, fermentation time30-40 days, prevents from storing mud dehydration and goes mouldy in sweat, be water seal with injecting one deck clean tap water above after Polypropylence Sheet sealingMethod.
A preparation method for organic cellar for storing things mud, is characterized in that: in earth, used available phosphorus material, available phosphorus is secondThe necessary material of a large amount of propagation of acid bacterium. Meanwhile, phosphorus is again the important thing that participates in ethanol, this sweat of acetoxylation synthesizing hexanoic acidMatter, so, phosphorus content number be an important indicator weighing pit mud quality quality. Available phosphorus in soil mostly is phytic acid shapeOrganophosphor under state, is cytostromatic important component part, and in general soil, available phosphorus is lower (contains and have in 100mg dry groundEffect phosphorus 3mg-7mg), be more than 20mg and always store 100mg dry ground available phosphorus content in mud. For supplement cellar for storing things mud in available phosphorus notFoot and disappearance, the common way of inorganic pit mud culture is to add inorganic phosphorus compound, often causes storing the mud use of degenerating too earlyThe situation of the lost of life occurs.
Yak, Tibetan language claims Yak, lives in for a long time severe cold areas more than height above sea level 3000m, the Qilian mountains one band is to hide yakNatural pasture, Tibetan yak marrow resource is very abundant, and in the yak marrow of Tibetan, protein content is more than 90%, and macroelement is with ore depositMaterial calcium, phosphorus content are for the highest. In Qinghai Province, butcher every year 1000000 of yaks, can produce 3,000 ten thousand kilograms of Yak Bone, yak marrowContain rich in protein, Ca, P, Fe, Zn, Cu, and the nutrition such as chondroitin, lecithin, riverfront group utilizes day solelyIt is to form riverfront organic cellar for storing things mud and keep raw that thick natural advantage adds Tibetan yak marrow leaching liquor in the cultivation of organic cellar for storing things mudFlourishing long time important substance basis, pond, state cellar for storing things.
The preparation method of organic cellar for storing things of the present invention mud is mainly the preparation method of the following stated:
A preparation method for organic cellar for storing things mud, is characterized in that: it comprises: cellar for storing things mud formula and method of operating; Add and hide Yak BoneThe pit mud Preparation Method of marrow; Add the pit mud Preparation Method of wine tail complex liquid; Cellar for storing things mud material cultural method.
The preparation method of described a kind of organic cellar for storing things mud, is characterized in that: described cellar for storing things mud formula and method of operating, and mainTake following methods and step:
(1) formulation selection: yellow clay 50% peat 10% pit skin mud 20%, koji powder 3.5% beancake powder 1.5%, Yak BoneMarrow powder 1.5%, female grain 3.5%, yellow seriflux 5%, tail wine (30-35 degree) 5%;
(2) concrete operations: sticky loess dries goes over into fine powder afterwards with beater grinder, makes material thickness consistent, by Huang as far as possibleSoil is spread out, thickness 0.8-1.0m, and quantity in accordance with regulations adds other solid materials, turns over and copies twice, mixes as far as possible, and keepsMiddle low both sides are high is convenient to add slurry, then fluent material is added in the middle of solid material in the lump, infiltrates 2-3 hour, and according to materialMaterial dry wet taken the circumstances into consideration moisturizing, and the temperature of the cellar for storing things mud that makes to become reconciled is 25 DEG C-30 DEG C, and moisture control is 50% left and right, and pH value is about 6.5 and isSuitable, after tug mill, tramp with one's feet and rub Long Dui, when pit entry fermentation, separate layering to increase interface interaction with bamboo sole, form anaerobismEnvironment also prevents water loss; Fermentation temperature 35-40 degree, fermentation time 30-40 days, prevents from storing mud dehydration mould in sweatBecoming, is water seal method with injecting one deck clean tap water above after Polypropylence Sheet sealing;
(3) cellar for storing things mud fermentation management; The round of this organic cellar for storing things mud adopts the distinctive soft blue or green rectangular slab of stone in the Qilian mountains to build and forms,This kind of stone material internal capillary space is huge, is suitable for beneficial microorganism and perches, and has the function of moisturizing and adjusting moisture simultaneously,Under normal circumstances, cellar for storing things mud enters behind cellar for storing things, within 24 hours, occurs aerogenesis, and gas production is very big, but product temperature only rises 1 DEG C-2 DEG C, and 48 is littleTime-96 hour product temperature constantly rises, and within 5 days-10 days, can reach 32 DEG C-37 DEG C; It is longer that animated period keeps, and pit mud quality is better,Strengthen cellar for storing things mud fermentation management, must guard against large heat cold greatly, meanwhile, note sealing, prevent gas leakage, cultivate and within 30 days-40 days, be maturationCellar for storing things mud; 4, cellar for storing things mud qualification: cultivating ripe cellar for storing things mud should be that color and luster is pitch-black, is in the sun fluorescence, and feel is moistening, fine and smooth, cunning,Stranding without harsh feeling, the strong fragrance of smelling, is as good as stink or different assorted taste, microscopy bacillus, clostridium are many and stout and strong;
Cellar for storing things mud batching must increase and decrease as the case may be to some extent, just controls pH value, loess, pit sealing mud, Koji, female grain, yellowThe acidity of water etc. varies, and also therefore and not etc., the protein content of song, vinasse has determined again making of soya-bean cake to its use amountConsumption, strengthens the control of important step in training mud process, the guarantee cellar for storing things quality of mud and the style of former wine.
The preparation method of described a kind of organic cellar for storing things mud, is characterized in that: the pit mud of the dirty yak marrow of described interpolation is standbyMethod has following steps and method:
(1) inspection: quarantine through Shou Jian department qualified, healthy anosis fresh yak bone, to contain more spine, the rib of marrow matterBone, cannon born are raw material;
(2) clean: be to reduce impurity, microbial contamination, after raw material yak marrow clear water is soaked, use high pressure washing, except unhairingAssorted, blood stains and part microorganism, water for cleaning should meet Soft Drinks Plant's water quality national standard;
(3) freezing: after cleaning up, be placed in stainless steel square position, deliver to immediately freezer, under-18 to-23 DEG C of low temperature, freezingFor subsequent use after 24 hours;
(4) fragmentation: frozen bone is thrown in people's disintegrating machine, be cut into the broken bone piece of l0-30mm, be convenient in extraction process as far as possibleLarge degree leaches the active ingredient in raw material;
(5) leach: take a certain amount of broken bone piece, with warm water washing, put into pressure cooker, add the water that weighs to the marrow 2 times, pressingUnder power 3kg/cm2, lixiviate 2 hours;
(6) concentrated: to adopt vacuum-concentrcted, be evaporated to concentration and reach standard-required;
(7) dry: adopt vacuum drying, at gauge pressure 0.07MPa, under 90 DEG C of conditions, dry 3-5 hour, is dried to moisture <10%；
(8) technological process: fresh bone → sorting → cleaning → freezing → pulverizing → leaching → degreasing → filtration → concentrated → dry →Sterilization → storage;
The preparation method of described a kind of organic cellar for storing things mud, is characterized in that: the pit mud Preparation Method of described interpolation wine tail complex liquid,Specific practice is: by 30-35 degree tail wine 450kg, hide yak marrow powder 20kg, be placed in 500kg altar, carry out calcium phosphate and lactic acidNeutralization reaction, after 5-7 days fully react, upper liquid is formed by the clear a large amount of calcium lactate crystallizations of turbid change, stores after drawing supernatant liquid filteringDeposit for subsequent use; The appropriate use of wine tail can be adjusted cellar for storing things mud pH value and can build again micro-acid environment and be suitable for microorganism fermentation, simultaneously canFor growth of microorganism propagation provides nutriment, be the key of organic pit mud culture as the wine tail complex liquid of raw material preparation,With this method can remove unnecessary mineral matter element Ga can reach again increase oneself newborn effect is fallen.
The preparation method of described a kind of organic cellar for storing things mud, is characterized in that: described cellar for storing things mud material cultural method is as follows:
The first step is selected bacterial classification source: taking the cellar for storing things bed mud at 10 years above old cellars for storing things as bacterium source, through enrichment culture under given conditionsAs the natural bacteria source of organic cellar for storing things mud, more press close to microbiota in cellar for storing things, old cellar for storing things, cellar for storing things mud fungus strain is comprehensive, and pit mud quality is good;
Second step is selected earth: earth used has following several: earth, clayed soil, sticky loess, humus, peat, cellar for storing things skinMud, available phosphorus;
(1) earth is the habitat of caproic acid bacteria, methane backeria etc., and before cultivating mud, will accomplish the selection of earth must be to soilThe different regions of earth, different depth, physical and chemical composition, micropopulation belong to and quantity is carried out detailed analysis, select micropopulationFew soil, content of microorganisms is more, can cause base Quality of Liquors to have assorted taste;
(2) clayed soil: soil particle is tiny, can increase interface interaction, and sorption nutrition and adjustment pH value, are cultivated meanwhileGood cellar for storing things mud is built behind cellar for storing things not easy to leak, can keep the capacity of yellow water, very favourable to improving base Quality of Liquors, and the north mostly is because of soilSand, if when soil choosing do not note, easily cause storing mud seepage, few yellow water or without yellow water, thereby affect vinosity;
(3) sticky loess: viscosity is strong, and impurity is few, containing sandy neutrality or the organic vegetable garden soil of subacidity or limit, field soil, generally with tableThe following 5-20cm of layer is for well, and the free from foreign meter or sandy soil of deep layer also can;
(4) humus: be the important component of pit mud culture, proportion is larger in the mud active ingredient of cellar for storing things, and general soil is containedHumus only has 1%-2%, and the humus content on vegetable plot, top layer, orchard is relatively higher, and in yellow clay, humus content approximatelyBe 0.5%, should select humus moderate for the soil of storing mud fermentation, accounting is 1.5%-2.5% to be advisable, and soil property is without foreign odorTaste;
(5) peat: the content of organic matter is higher, for edaphon provides good carbon source, and having water conservation, to prevent from storing mud agingEffect;
(6), pit skin mud: the content of organic matter is abundant, and a large amount of pit mud functional bacterias in enrichment, and has the fermentation system of adjusting acid-base valueEffect;
(7) available phosphorus: phosphorus is the important element that strengthens bacterial metabolism, bacterial growth mainly leans on hyperplasia, the formation of new cellMust have again nucleoprotein, and phosphorus is the important substance composition of nucleoprotein, phosphorus is the necessary material of a large amount of propagation of caproic acid bacteria, meanwhile,Phosphorus is again the important substance that participates in ethanol, this sweat of acetoxylation synthesizing hexanoic acid, phosphorus content number be to weigh cellar for storing things shaleThe important indicator that amount is good and bad;
Available phosphorus in soil mostly is the organophosphor under phytic acid state, is cytostromatic important component part, in general soilAvailable phosphorus is lower, contains available phosphorus 3mg-7mg in 100mg dry ground, and always to store in mud 100mg dry ground available phosphorus content be 20mg withOn; Hide in yak marrow protein content more than 90%, macroelement with mineral calcium, phosphorus content for the highest, at organic cellar for storing things mudCultivation formula in add that to hide yak marrow be the ecological cellar for storing things flourishing long time important substance guarantee in pond;
(8) other materials: female groove, yellow water complex liquid, beancake powder, koji powder, tail wine complex liquid;
Female grain is normal with fermentation, does not steam mother's grain of wine, and pulverizes or break into pulpous state;
Yellow water complex liquid: in yellow water, include organic acid, ethanol, humus, yeast autolyzate, and the aroma formers of some domesticationsClass, is the excellent nutrients of caproic acid bacteria, be made into yellow water complex liquid after effect better, specific practice is: 200kg yellow water is putEnter in 500kg altar, add 100 DEG C of boiling water, the temperature that makes mixing material is 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, then add koji powder 2kg-3kg, stores mud 0.5kg always, sorghum flour 1kg-2kg, alcohol 5kg-10kg, Feng Tan. Then more than 30 DEG C, at temperature, cultivate 10My god-15 days, yellow water complex liquid;
Beancake powder: beancake powder will be focused on consumption, and consumption is excessive, can make to store mud stink and increase the weight of, thereby affect vinosity; Beancake powder is wanted powderBroken must be more carefully better;
Koji powder: cultivate the cellar for storing things mud initial stage, koji powder plays inoculation and heats up earth. After, the microorganism of Qu Fenzhong is largeAmount is dead, forms thalline autolysate, and for edaphon, starch contained therein can gradate as humus, also can be bacterium instituteWith;
Wine tail complex liquid: the appropriate use of wine tail can be adjusted cellar for storing things mud pH value and can build again micro-acid environment and be suitable for microorganism and send outFerment, can be growth of microorganism propagation simultaneously nutriment is provided, and is that riverfront group has as the wine tail complex liquid of raw material preparationThe core technology of machine pit mud culture, specific practice is: tail wine (30-35 degree) 450kg keeps 25 DEG C of temperature, hides yak marrow powder20kg is placed in 500kg altar, carries out the neutralization reaction of calcium phosphate and lactic acid, and after 5-7 days neutralization reactions, upper liquid is clear by turbid change, drawsGet store after supernatant liquid filtering for subsequent use, by the supernatant that contains a large amount of calcium lactate compositions with 0.1 DEG C/min speed continuous cooling 3-4Thereby hour form crystallization by essence filter can remove unnecessary mineral matter element Ga can reduce again lactic acid content reach increasing oneself fallThe effect of breast;
The 3rd step earth processing:
(1), training mud water: training mud water should be in open-top receptacle, heats to more than 100 DEG C, seethe with excitement 15 points-30 minutesAfter, sealing, is then cooled to about 35 DEG C uses, on the one hand, can kill the microorganism in water; On the other hand, can reduceHardness of water;
(2), earth processes earth and should process after choosing, and first sieves, and removes stone or impurity in soil, then airing 5My god-10 days, the moisture content in soil is reached below 3%, then is ground into fine-powdered, hold together to pile for subsequent use; Impurity elimination is will prevent in soilCalcium is excessive to retain, because stone is the important sources of calcium, too much calcium can accelerate the aging of cellar for storing things mud; Airing is in order to kill soilIn microorganism, prevent the growth and breeding of miscellaneous bacteria in pit mud culture process, otherwise, not only can consume nutrient, and affect formerThe cleanliness of wine.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention stores mud fermentation vat, wherein 1. envelope pond mud; 2. a stone structure cellar for storing things mud fermentation pool wall; 3. in fermentation vatOrganic cellar for storing things mud of normal fermentation; 4. old cellar for storing things, the end, cellar for storing things mud.
Detailed description of the invention
A preparation method for organic cellar for storing things mud, it comprises: cellar for storing things mud formula and method of operating; Add the cellar for storing things mud of hiding yak marrowPreparation method; Add the pit mud Preparation Method of wine tail complex liquid; Cellar for storing things mud material cultural method.
One, cellar for storing things mud formula and method of operating: mainly take following methods step:
1, formulation selection: yellow clay 50% peat 10% pit skin mud 20%, koji powder 3.5% beancake powder 1.5%, Yak BoneMarrow powder 1.5%, female grain 3.5%, yellow seriflux 5%, tail wine (30-35 degree) 5%.
Cultivated cellar for storing things mud, cellar for storing things mud formula is crucial, should strictly follow and " use the leftover bits and pieces of making wine as far as possible, add less itIts raw material " principle. In fact, the leftover bits and pieces of wine brewing use, if yellow water, wine tail, pit sealing mud, grain Zao, Lost grain etc. are all that wine brewing is micro-Biological good habitat is the natural microbial culture medium of having tamed.
2, concrete operations: sticky loess dries goes over into fine powder afterwards with beater grinder, makes material thickness consistent as far as possible. WillLoess is spread (thickness 0.8-1.0m) out, and quantity in accordance with regulations adds other solid materials, turns over and copies twice, mix as far as possible, andIn the middle of keeping, low both sides are high is convenient to add slurry. Then fluent material is added in the middle of solid material in the lump, infiltrate 2-3h, and according to materialMaterial dry wet taken the circumstances into consideration moisturizing, and the temperature of the cellar for storing things mud that makes to become reconciled is 25 DEG C-30 DEG C, and moisture control is 50% left and right, and pH value is about 6.5 and isSuitable, excessively after tug mill, tramp with one's feet and rub Long Dui, when pit entry fermentation, separate layering to increase interface interaction with bamboo sole. Form anaerobism ringBorder also prevents water loss. Fermentation temperature 35-40 degree, fermentation time 30-40 days, prevents from storing mud dehydration and goes mouldy in sweat,Be water seal method with injecting one deck clean tap water above after Polypropylence Sheet sealing.
3, cellar for storing things mud fermentation management: the round of this organic cellar for storing things mud adopt the distinctive soft blue or green rectangular slab of stone in the Qilian mountains to build andBecome, this kind of stone material internal capillary space is huge, is suitable for beneficial microorganism and perches, and has the merit of moisturizing and adjusting moisture simultaneouslyCan, under normal circumstances, cellar for storing things mud enters behind cellar for storing things, within 24 hours, occurs aerogenesis, and gas production is very big, but product temperature only rises 1 DEG C-2 DEG C, 48Product temperature constantly rose hours-96 hours, within 5 days-10 days, can reach 32 DEG C-37 DEG C, empirical evidence, and it is longer that animated period keeps, cellar for storing things mudQuality is better. Now, strengthen storing mud fermentation management, must guard against large heat cold greatly, meanwhile, note sealing, prevent gas leakage, cultivate 30My god within-40 days, be ripe cellar for storing things mud as Fig. 1.
4, cellar for storing things mud qualification: cultivating ripe cellar for storing things mud should be that color and luster is pitch-black, is in the sun fluorescence, and feel is moistening, fine and smooth, oilySliding, strandings without harsh feeling, the strong fragrance of smelling, is as good as stink or different assorted taste, more than microscopy bacillus, clostridium and stout and strong.
Table 4: cellar for storing things mud sense index
Table 5: cellar for storing things mud physical and chemical index
Cellar for storing things mud batching must increase and decrease as the case may be to some extent. Just control pH value, loess, pit sealing mud, Koji, female grain, yellowThe acidity of water etc. varies, and its use amount also therefore and not etc. The protein content of song, vinasse has determined again making of soya-bean cakeConsumption etc.
These all require enterprise in the time of training mud, should, according to self reality, after measuring and analyzing, make practicalFormula, know what's what accomplishing. Meanwhile, strengthen the control of important step in training mud process, the quality of guarantee cellar for storing things mud andThe style of former wine.
Two, add the pit mud Preparation Method of hiding yak marrow
The pit mud Preparation Method of yak marrow is hidden in described interpolation, it is characterized in that: prepare the selected Tibetan of mud, organic cellar for storing things yak marrow materialMatter bone is fresh, complete, nothing is damaged, and marrow is full, pollution-free; Concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) inspection: quarantine through Shou Jian department qualified, healthy anosis fresh yak bone, to contain more spine, the rib of marrow matterBone, cannon born are raw material.
(2) clean: be to reduce impurity, microbial contamination, ensure the important measures of product quality. By clear raw material yak marrowAfter water soaking with high pressure washing, except unhairing is assorted, blood stains and part microorganism. Water for cleaning should meet water quality country of Soft Drinks Plant markAccurate.
(3) freezing: after cleaning up, be placed in stainless steel square position, deliver to immediately freezer, under-18 to-23 DEG C of low temperature,For subsequent use after freezing 24 hours.
(4) fragmentation: frozen bone is thrown in people's disintegrating machine, be cut into the broken bone piece of l0-30mm. Be convenient to the greatest extent can in extraction processCan at utmost make the active ingredient in raw material leach.
(5) leach: take a certain amount of broken bone piece, with warm water washing, put into pressure cooker, add the water that weighs to the marrow 2 times,Under pressure 3kg/cm2, lixiviate 2h.
(6) concentrated: to adopt vacuum-concentrcted, be evaporated to concentration and reach standard-required.
(7) dry: to adopt vacuum drying, in 0.07MPa(gauge pressure), under 90 DEG C of conditions, dry 3-5 hour, is dried to waterDivide content < 10%.
(8) technological process: fresh bone → sorting → cleaning → freezing → pulverizing → leaching → degreasing → filtration → concentrated → dryDry → sterilization → storage.
Three, add the pit mud Preparation Method of wine tail complex liquid
The pit mud Preparation Method of described interpolation wine tail complex liquid, is characterized in that: specific practice is: by 30-35 degree tail wine450kg, hides yak marrow powder 20kg, is placed in 500kg altar, carries out the neutralization reaction of calcium phosphate and lactic acid, fully anti-through 5-7 daysShould go up afterwards liquid and be formed by the clear a large amount of calcium lactate crystallizations of turbid change, draw store after supernatant liquid filtering for subsequent use.
The appropriate use of wine tail can be adjusted cellar for storing things mud pH value and can build again micro-acid environment and be suitable for microorganism fermentation, simultaneously canFor growth of microorganism propagation provides nutriment, be the organic pit mud culture of riverfront group as the wine tail complex liquid of raw material preparationCore technology, with this method can remove unnecessary mineral matter element Ga can reach again increase oneself newborn effect is fallen.
Table 1: hide yak marrow and other commodity nutritional labeling comparisons (g/100g)
Oneself falls newborn effect to reach increasing.
Four, pit mud culture material method
The first step is selected bacterial classification source: taking the cellar for storing things bed mud at 10 years above old cellars for storing things as bacterium source, through enrichment culture under given conditionsAs the natural bacteria source of organic cellar for storing things mud. More press close to microbiota in cellar for storing things, old cellar for storing things, cellar for storing things mud fungus strain is comprehensive, and pit mud quality is good.
Second step is selected earth, and earth used has following several: earth, clayed soil, sticky loess, humus, peat, cellar for storing thingsSkin mud, available phosphorus.
(1) earth is the habitat of caproic acid bacteria, methane backeria etc., is concentrated nutrition library. Before training mud, to earthSelection is very prudent, must carry out in detail the different regions of soil, different depth, physical and chemical composition, micropopulation genus and quantityUnderstanding, should select the less soil of micropopulation, content of microorganisms is more, can cause base Quality of Liquors to have assorted taste.
(2) clayed soil: soil particle is tiny, can increase interface interaction, sorption nutrition and adjustment pH value, meanwhile,Cultured cellar for storing things mud is built behind cellar for storing things not easy to leak, can keep the capacity of yellow water, and very favourable to improving base Quality of Liquors, the north is because of soilMostly be sand, if when soil choosing do not note, easily cause storing mud seepage, few yellow water or without yellow water, thereby affect vinosity.
(3) sticky loess: viscosity is strong, and impurity is few is not containing sandy neutrality or the organic vegetable garden soil of subacidity or limit, field soil, generalWith the following 5-20cm in top layer, for well, the free from foreign meter or sandy soil of deep layer also can.
(4) humus: be the important component of pit mud culture, proportion is larger in the mud active ingredient of cellar for storing things. General soil is containedHumus only has 1%-2%, and the humus content on vegetable plot, top layer, orchard is relatively higher. In yellow clay, humus content approximatelyBe 0.5%. Should select humus moderate for the soil of storing mud fermentation, accounting is 1.5%-2.5% to be advisable, and soil property is without foreign odorTaste.
(5) peat: the content of organic matter is higher, for edaphon provides good carbon source, and has water conservation and prevents from storing mudAging action.
(6), pit skin mud: the content of organic matter is abundant, and a large amount of pit mud functional bacterias in enrichment, and has the acid of the fermentation system of adjustingThe effect of basicity.
(7) available phosphorus: phosphorus is the important element that strengthens bacterial metabolism, bacterial growth mainly leans on hyperplasia, new cellForm and must have again nucleoprotein, and phosphorus is the important substance composition of nucleoprotein, because phosphorus plays an important role therein, therefore,Phosphorus is the necessary material of a large amount of propagation of caproic acid bacteria. Meanwhile, phosphorus is again to participate in ethanol, this sweat of acetoxylation synthesizing hexanoic acidImportant substance, so, phosphorus content number be an important indicator weighing pit mud quality quality.
Available phosphorus in soil mostly is the organophosphor under phytic acid state, is cytostromatic important component part, generally soilAvailable phosphorus lower (containing available phosphorus 3mg-7mg in 100mg dry ground) in earth, and always store 100mg dry ground available phosphorus content in mud isMore than 20mg. In order to supplement the not enough and disappearance of available phosphorus in the mud of cellar for storing things, the common way of inorganic pit mud culture is to add inorganic containingPhosphorus compound, often causes storing the mud situation about shortening service life of degenerating too early and occurs, the Qilian mountains one band is hide yak naturalPasture, Tibetan yak marrow resource is very abundant, and in the yak marrow of Tibetan, protein content is more than 90%, and macroelement is with mineral matterCalcium, phosphorus content are for the highest, and riverfront group utilizes advantageous natural advantage to add and hide yak in the cultivation formula of organic cellar for storing things mudOx bone marrow is to form the ecological cellar for storing things flourishing long time important substance guarantee in pond in riverfront. (8) female groove, yellow water complex liquid, beancake powder, DaquPowder, tail wine complex liquid etc.
Female groove: normal with fermentation, do not steam mother's grain of wine, and pulverize or break into pulpous state.
Yellow water complex liquid: include organic acid, ethanol, humus, yeast autolyzate in yellow water, and some domestications is raw fragrantMushroom, is the excellent nutrients of caproic acid bacteria, be made into yellow water complex liquid after effect better, specific practice is: by 200kg yellow waterInsert in 500kg altar, add 100 DEG C of boiling water, the temperature that makes mixing material is 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, then add koji powder 2kg-3kg, stores mud 0.5kg always, sorghum flour 1kg-2kg, alcohol 5kg-10kg, Feng Tan. Then more than 30 DEG C, at temperature, cultivate 10My god-15 days, yellow water complex liquid.
Beancake powder: beancake powder will be focused on consumption, and consumption is excessive, can make to store mud stink and increase the weight of, thereby affect vinosity; Beancake powderPulverize more carefully better.
Koji powder: cultivate the cellar for storing things mud initial stage, koji powder plays inoculation and heats up earth. After, micro-life of Qu FenzhongThing mortality, forms thalline autolysate, and for edaphon, starch contained therein can gradate as humus, also can be thinBacterium is used.
Tail wine is compound: the appropriate use of wine tail can be adjusted cellar for storing things mud pH value and can build again micro-acid environment and be suitable for microorganism and send outFerment, can be growth of microorganism propagation simultaneously nutriment is provided, and is that riverfront group has as the wine tail complex liquid of raw material preparationThe core technology of machine pit mud culture, specific practice is: tail wine (30-35 degree) 450kg keeps 25 DEG C of temperature, hides yak marrow powder20kg is placed in 500kg altar, carries out the neutralization reaction of calcium phosphate and lactic acid, and after 5-7 days neutralization reactions, upper liquid is clear by turbid change, drawsGet store after supernatant liquid filtering for subsequent use, by the supernatant that contains a large amount of calcium lactate compositions with 0.1 DEG C/min speed continuous cooling 3-4Thereby hour form crystallization by essence filter can remove unnecessary mineral matter element Ga can reduce again lactic acid content reach increasing oneself fallThe effect of breast.
The 3rd step earth processing:
1, training mud water: training mud water should be in open-top receptacle, heats to more than 100 DEG C, seethed with excitement 15 points after-30 minutes,Sealing, is then cooled to about 35 DEG C uses. On the one hand, can kill the microorganism in water; On the other hand, can reduce waterHardness.
2, earth is processed after earth is chosen and should be processed, and first sieves, and removes stone or impurity in soil, then airing5 days-10 days, the moisture content in soil is reached below 3%, then be ground into fine-powdered, hold together to pile for subsequent use. Impurity elimination object is to prevent soilIn earth, calcium is excessive retains, because stone is the important sources of calcium, too much calcium can accelerate the aging of cellar for storing things mud. Airing is in order to killMicroorganism in soil, prevents the growth and breeding of miscellaneous bacteria in pit mud culture process, otherwise, not only can consume nutrient, Er QieyingRing the cleanliness of former wine.
Claims (5)
1. a preparation method for organic cellar for storing things mud, is characterized in that: comprise that it comprises: cellar for storing things mud formula and method of operating; Add and hideThe pit mud Preparation Method of yak marrow; Add the pit mud Preparation Method of wine tail complex liquid; Pit mud culture material method.
2. the preparation method of a kind of organic cellar for storing things according to claim 1 mud, is characterized in that: described cellar for storing things mud formula and behaviourMake method, mainly take following methods and step:
(1), formulation selection: yellow clay 50% peat 10% pit skin mud 20%, koji powder 3.5% beancake powder 1.5%, yakMarrow powder 1.5%, female grain 3.5%, yellow seriflux 5%, tail wine (30-35 degree) 5%;
(2), concrete operations: sticky loess dries goes over into fine powder afterwards with beater grinder, makes material thickness consistent, by Huang as far as possibleSoil is spread out, thickness 0.8-1.0m, and quantity in accordance with regulations adds other solid materials, turns over and copies twice, mixes as far as possible, and keepsMiddle low both sides are high is convenient to add slurry, then fluent material is added in the middle of solid material in the lump, infiltrates 2-3 hour, and according to materialMaterial dry wet taken the circumstances into consideration moisturizing, and the temperature of the cellar for storing things mud that makes to become reconciled is 25 DEG C-30 DEG C, and moisture control is 50% left and right, and pH value is about 6.5 and isSuitable, after tug mill, tramp with one's feet and rub Long Dui, when pit entry fermentation, separate layering to increase interface interaction with bamboo sole, form anaerobismEnvironment also prevents water loss; Fermentation temperature 35-40 degree, fermentation time 30-40 days, prevents from storing mud dehydration mould in sweatBecoming, is water seal method with injecting one deck clean tap water above after Polypropylence Sheet sealing;
(3), cellar for storing things mud fermentation management; The round of this organic cellar for storing things mud adopt the distinctive soft blue or green rectangular slab of stone in the Qilian mountains to build andBecome, this kind of stone material internal capillary space is huge, is suitable for beneficial microorganism and perches, and has the merit of moisturizing and adjusting moisture simultaneouslyCan, under normal circumstances, cellar for storing things mud enters behind cellar for storing things, within 24 hours, occurs aerogenesis, and gas production is very big, but product temperature only rises 1 DEG C-2 DEG C, 48Product temperature constantly rose hours-96 hours, within 5 days-10 days, can reach 32 DEG C-37 DEG C; It is longer that animated period keeps, and pit mud quality is better,Strengthen storing mud fermentation management, must guard against large heat cold greatly, meanwhile, note sealing, prevent gas leakage, cultivate and be into for 30 days-40 daysRipe cellar for storing things mud; 4, cellar for storing things mud qualification: cultivating ripe cellar for storing things mud should be that color and luster is pitch-black, is in the sun fluorescence, and feel is moistening, fine and smooth, oilySliding, strandings without harsh feeling, the strong fragrance of smelling, is as good as stink or different assorted taste, more than microscopy bacillus, clostridium and stout and strong;
Cellar for storing things mud batching must increase and decrease as the case may be to some extent, just controls pH value, loess, pit sealing mud, Koji, female grain, yellowThe acidity of water etc. varies, and also therefore and not etc., the protein content of song, vinasse has determined again making of soya-bean cake to its use amountConsumption, strengthens the control of important step in training mud process, the guarantee cellar for storing things quality of mud and the style of former wine.
3. the preparation method of a kind of organic cellar for storing things according to claim 1 mud, is characterized in that: the dirty yak marrow of described interpolationPit mud Preparation Method have following steps and method:
(1) inspection: quarantine through Shou Jian department qualified, healthy anosis fresh yak bone, to contain more spine, the rib of marrow matterBone, cannon born are raw material;
(2) clean: be to reduce impurity, microbial contamination, after raw material yak marrow clear water is soaked, use high pressure washing, except unhairingAssorted, blood stains and part microorganism, water for cleaning should meet Soft Drinks Plant's water quality national standard;
(3) freezing: after cleaning up, be placed in stainless steel square position, deliver to immediately freezer, under-18 to-23 DEG C of low temperature, freezingFor subsequent use after 24 hours;
(4) fragmentation: frozen bone is thrown in people's disintegrating machine, be cut into the broken bone piece of l0-30mm, be convenient in extraction process as far as possibleLarge degree leaches the active ingredient in raw material;
(5) leach: take a certain amount of broken bone piece, with warm water washing, put into pressure cooker, add the water that weighs to the marrow 2 times, pressingUnder power 3kg/cm2, lixiviate 2 hours;
(6) concentrated: to adopt vacuum-concentrcted, be evaporated to concentration and reach standard-required;
(7) dry: adopt vacuum drying, at gauge pressure 0.07MPa, under 90 DEG C of conditions, dry 3-5 hour, is dried to moisture <10%；
(8) technological process: fresh bone → sorting → cleaning → freezing → pulverizing → leaching → degreasing → filtration → concentrated → dry →Sterilization → storage.
4. the preparation method of a kind of organic cellar for storing things according to claim 1 mud, is characterized in that: described interpolation wine tail complex liquidPit mud Preparation Method, specific practice is: by 30-35 degree tail wine 450kg, hide yak marrow powder 20kg, be placed in 500kg altar,Carry out the neutralization reaction of calcium phosphate and lactic acid, after 5-7 days fully react, upper liquid is formed by the clear a large amount of calcium lactate crystallizations of turbid change, drawsGet store after supernatant liquid filtering for subsequent use; The appropriate use of wine tail can be adjusted cellar for storing things mud pH value and can build again micro-acid environment and be suitable for micro-Biofermentation, can be growth of microorganism propagation simultaneously nutriment is provided, and is organic as the wine tail complex liquid of raw material preparationThe key of pit mud culture, with this method can remove unnecessary mineral matter element Ga can reach again increase oneself newborn effect is fallen.
5. the preparation method of a kind of organic cellar for storing things according to claim 1 mud, is characterized in that: mud material cultivation side, described cellar for storing thingsMethod is as follows:
The first step is selected bacterial classification source: taking the cellar for storing things bed mud at 10 years above old cellars for storing things as bacterium source, through enrichment culture under given conditionsAs the natural bacteria source of organic cellar for storing things mud, more press close to microbiota in cellar for storing things, old cellar for storing things, cellar for storing things mud fungus strain is comprehensive, and pit mud quality is good;
Second step is selected earth: earth used has following several: earth, clayed soil, sticky loess, humus, peat, cellar for storing things skinMud, available phosphorus;
(1) earth is the habitat of caproic acid bacteria, methane backeria etc., and before cultivating mud, will accomplish the selection of earth must be to soilThe different regions of earth, different depth, physical and chemical composition, micropopulation belong to and quantity is carried out detailed analysis, select micropopulationFew soil, content of microorganisms is more, can cause base Quality of Liquors to have assorted taste;
(2) clayed soil: soil particle is tiny, can increase interface interaction, and sorption nutrition and adjustment pH value, are cultivated meanwhileGood cellar for storing things mud is built behind cellar for storing things not easy to leak, can keep the capacity of yellow water, very favourable to improving base Quality of Liquors, and the north mostly is because of soilSand, if when soil choosing do not note, easily cause storing mud seepage, few yellow water or without yellow water, thereby affect vinosity;
(3) sticky loess: viscosity is strong, and impurity is few, containing sandy neutrality or the organic vegetable garden soil of subacidity or limit, field soil, generally with tableThe following 5-20cm of layer is for well, and the free from foreign meter or sandy soil of deep layer also can;
(4) humus: be the important component of pit mud culture, proportion is larger in the mud active ingredient of cellar for storing things, and general soil is containedHumus only has 1%-2%, and the humus content on vegetable plot, top layer, orchard is relatively higher, and in yellow clay, humus content approximatelyBe 0.5%, should select humus moderate for the soil of storing mud fermentation, accounting is 1.5%-2.5% to be advisable, and soil property is without foreign odorTaste;
(5) peat: the content of organic matter is higher, for edaphon provides good carbon source, and having water conservation, to prevent from storing mud agingEffect;
(6), pit skin mud: the content of organic matter is abundant, and a large amount of pit mud functional bacterias in enrichment, and has the fermentation system of adjusting acid-base valueEffect;
(7) available phosphorus: phosphorus is the important element that strengthens bacterial metabolism, bacterial growth mainly leans on hyperplasia, the formation of new cellMust have again nucleoprotein, and phosphorus is the important substance composition of nucleoprotein, phosphorus is the necessary material of a large amount of propagation of caproic acid bacteria, meanwhile,Phosphorus is again the important substance that participates in ethanol, this sweat of acetoxylation synthesizing hexanoic acid, phosphorus content number be to weigh cellar for storing things shaleThe important indicator that amount is good and bad;
Available phosphorus in soil mostly is the organophosphor under phytic acid state, is cytostromatic important component part, in general soilAvailable phosphorus is lower, contains available phosphorus 3mg-7mg in 100mg dry ground, and always to store in mud 100mg dry ground available phosphorus content be 20mg withOn; Hide in yak marrow protein content more than 90%, macroelement with mineral calcium, phosphorus content for the highest, at organic cellar for storing things mudCultivation formula in add that to hide yak marrow be the ecological cellar for storing things flourishing long time important substance guarantee in pond; (8) other materials: female groove,Yellow water complex liquid, beancake powder, koji powder, tail
Wine complex liquid; Female grain is normal with fermentation, does not steam mother's grain of wine, and pulverizes or break into pulpous state;
Yellow water complex liquid: in yellow water, include organic acid, ethanol, humus, yeast autolyzate, and the aroma formers of some domesticationsClass, is the excellent nutrients of caproic acid bacteria, be made into yellow water complex liquid after effect better, specific practice is: 200kg yellow water is putEnter in 500kg altar, add 100 DEG C of boiling water, the temperature that makes mixing material is 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, then add koji powder 2kg-3kg, stores mud 0.5kg always, sorghum flour 1kg-2kg, alcohol 5kg-10kg, Feng Tan; Then more than 30 DEG C, at temperature, cultivate 10My god-15 days, yellow water complex liquid;
Beancake powder: beancake powder will be focused on consumption, and consumption is excessive, can make to store mud stink and increase the weight of, thereby affect vinosity; Beancake powder is wanted powderBroken must be more carefully better;
Koji powder: cultivate the cellar for storing things mud initial stage, koji powder plays inoculation and heats up earth; After, the microorganism of Qu Fenzhong is largeAmount is dead, forms thalline autolysate, and for edaphon, starch contained therein can gradate as humus, also can be bacterium instituteWith;
Wine tail complex liquid: the appropriate use of wine tail can be adjusted cellar for storing things mud pH value and can build again micro-acid environment and be suitable for microorganism and send outFerment, can be growth of microorganism propagation simultaneously nutriment is provided, and is that riverfront group has as the wine tail complex liquid of raw material preparationThe core technology of machine pit mud culture, specific practice is: tail wine (30-35 degree) 450kg keeps 25 DEG C of temperature, hides yak marrow powder20kg is placed in 500kg altar, carries out the neutralization reaction of calcium phosphate and lactic acid, and after 5-7 days neutralization reactions, upper liquid is clear by turbid change, drawsGet store after supernatant liquid filtering for subsequent use, by the supernatant that contains a large amount of calcium lactate compositions with 0.1 DEG C/min speed continuous cooling 3-4Thereby hour form crystallization by essence filter can remove unnecessary mineral matter element Ga can reduce again lactic acid content reach increasing oneself fallThe effect of breast;
The 3rd step earth processing:
(1), training mud water: training mud water should be in open-top receptacle, heats to more than 100 DEG C, seethe with excitement 15 points-30 minutesAfter, sealing, is then cooled to about 35 DEG C uses, on the one hand, can kill the microorganism in water; On the other hand, can reduceHardness of water;
(2), earth processes earth and should process after choosing, and first sieves, and removes stone or impurity in soil, then airing 5My god-10 days, the moisture content in soil is reached below 3%, then is ground into fine-powdered, hold together to pile for subsequent use; Impurity elimination is will prevent in soilCalcium is excessive to retain, because stone is the important sources of calcium, too much calcium can accelerate the aging of cellar for storing things mud; Airing is in order to kill soilIn microorganism, prevent the growth and breeding of miscellaneous bacteria in pit mud culture process, otherwise, not only can consume nutrient, and affect formerThe cleanliness of wine.
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| CN106281860A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-04 | 南阳师范学院 | High-quality artificial distiller's yeast in a kind of liquor production and compound method thereof |
| CN106479821A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-03-08 | 钦州市钦南区生产力促进中心 | A kind of pit mud and preparation method thereof |
| CN106635624A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 山东品液酿酒有限公司 | Method for preparing aged pit mud |
| CN107723168A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-23 | 山东扳倒井股份有限公司 | The red profound organic pit mud of state's well and preparation method |
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