CN105576351A - Antenna radiation unit and antenna - Google Patents
Antenna radiation unit and antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN105576351A CN105576351A CN201410616100.7A CN201410616100A CN105576351A CN 105576351 A CN105576351 A CN 105576351A CN 201410616100 A CN201410616100 A CN 201410616100A CN 105576351 A CN105576351 A CN 105576351A
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Abstract
The invention provides an antenna radiation unit and an antenna and belongs to the wireless communication technical field. The antenna radiation unit comprises three pairs of dipoles and three feeding connecting conductors; datum planes where the axial directions of any two pairs of dipoles in the three pairs of dipoles are located are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the other pair of dipoles; each dipole includes a first vibrator arm, a second vibrator arm and a feeding point conductor connected with the first vibrator arm and the second vibrator arm; the feeding point conductors of the three pairs of dipoles are respectively connected with one end of each of the three feeding connecting conductors; and the other ends of the three feeding connecting conductors are connected with a feeding network plate. According to the antenna, based on the structural design of the antenna radiation unit, the high gain performance of a single antenna radiation unit can be realized through adjusting the amplitudes and phases of three pairs of dipoles; and phases between the single antenna radiation units can be adjusted through the feeding network plate, and therefore, under a high-rise dense urban condition, a requirement for large dip angle performance can be satisfied, and the radiation area of the antenna can override a base station to cover stresses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, particularly a kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna.
Background technology
Along with the arrival in LTE epoch, and the fast development in city, Cell Site Placement difficulty more and more.In the dense city of prosperity, major part is exceeded 50 meters and even covers to the building of more than 100 meters, and existing macrocell base stations antenna in reasonably height and position erection, if careless slightly, can only will cause serious presence of intercell interference to whole network.Original macrocell base stations antenna can not meet existing urban structure complex condition user to the requirement of the network coverage.
The comparatively unification of now widely used outdoor macro honeycomb antenna for base station performance, be applicable to most scene to cover, but along with the development of cities and towns integration, how to ensure not reduce network coverage index skyscraper is intensive, use existing macrocell base stations antenna not meet the demands.For skyscraper close quarters, use existing classical macro-cellular antenna for base station, when hanging height and being too high, serious area covered can be produced to network, in existing TD-L network, LTE network, more responsive to interference, Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio can worsen, not only have a strong impact on speed, and there will be and frequently switch and fall the problems such as net.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna, realize the existing tilted angle of antenna of antenna for base station and press down, realized high station and cover street, and improved the antijamming capability of system; This antenna takes up room little simultaneously, and structure is simple, is easy to integrated and batch production.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of antenna radiation unit, described antenna radiation unit comprises three electrode couple and three feed bonding conductors; Wherein,
Axial vertical all with another electrode couple of the axial place datum plane of any two electrode couple in described three electrode couple;
Each described dipole comprises the first oscillator arms, the second oscillator arms and connects the distributing point conductor of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms;
The distributing point conductor of described three electrode couple is connected with one end of described three feed bonding conductors respectively, and the other end of described three feed bonding conductors is connected with a feeding network plate respectively.
Further, described first oscillator arms and described second oscillator arms are made up of good conductor.
Further, the length of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms be described antenna radiation unit operation wavelength 1/5 to 3/4 between.
Further, the shape of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is cylindrical shape, horn shape or drop shape; And the minimum widith of the minimum widith of described first oscillator arms and described second oscillator arms is all greater than or equal to 1mm.
Further, described feed bonding conductor is coaxial cable, and described coaxial cable comprises inner wire and the outer conductor of mutually insulated.
Further, the inner wire of described distributing point conductor near the side of described first oscillator arms with described feed bonding conductor is connected, and the outer conductor of described distributing point conductor near the side of described second oscillator arms with described feed bonding conductor is connected.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of antenna, comprises feeding network plate, also comprises the antenna radiation unit as above be connected with described feeding network plate;
Described feeding network plate is for receiving the signal from base station, and to described antenna radiation unit feed, described antenna radiation unit is used for described signal amplitude to be shot out.
Wherein, described antenna also comprises at least 5 mirror reflection ground plates, and in described 5 mirror reflection ground plates, the first mirror reflection ground plate, the second mirror reflection ground plate, the 3rd mirror reflection ground plate, the 4th mirror reflection ground plate and the 5th mirror reflection ground plate connect successively; And the angle between described described 5 mirror reflection ground plates of connecting successively and a backboard is mathematical recursion form.
Wherein, the angle between described first mirror reflection ground plate and described backboard is 0 °.
Wherein, each mirror reflection ground plate except described 5th mirror reflection ground plate is provided with antenna radiation unit described at least one;
Described antenna radiation unit is fixed on described mirror reflection ground plate by a bracing frame, and support frame as described above is fixed on described mirror reflection ground plate by spiral shell button.
Wherein, between described antenna radiation unit apart from the distance of described mirror reflection ground plate is 1/4 to 2 times of antenna radiation unit operation wavelength.
Technique scheme of the present invention at least has following beneficial effect:
In the antenna radiation unit of the embodiment of the present invention and antenna, utilize the structural design to antenna radiation unit, by the high-gain performance adjusting the amplitude of three electrode couple, phase place realizes individual antenna radiating element; Utilize the beamforming capabilities of unit self of shaking simultaneously, only need 4 these antenna radiation units just can realize the gain of more than 12dB, realize the Miniaturization Design of antenna; And regulate the phase place between antenna radiation unit by feeding network plate, under realizing high-rise dense city scene, the requirement of large angle of declination performance, reached the object that high station covers street.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents the basic structure schematic diagram of the antenna radiation unit of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 represents the basic structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 represents the end view of antenna shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 represents the front view of antenna shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 represents the external structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Under the present invention is directed to prior art dense city on the middle and senior level scene, the covering index error of antenna, serious interference, the problem of poor user experience, there is provided in a kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna, utilize structural design to antenna radiation unit, by the high-gain performance adjusting the amplitude of three electrode couple, phase place realizes individual antenna radiating element; Utilize the beamforming capabilities of unit self of shaking simultaneously, only need 4 these antenna radiation units just can realize the gain of more than 12dB, realize the Miniaturization Design of antenna; And regulate the phase place between antenna radiation unit by feeding network plate, under realizing high-rise dense city scene, the requirement of large angle of declination performance, reached the object that high station covers street.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna radiation unit, and described antenna radiation unit comprises three electrode couple, is respectively the first dipole 1, second dipole 2 and the 3rd dipole 3; Article three, feed bonding conductor, is respectively the first feed bonding conductor 11 corresponding with the first dipole 1, the second feed bonding conductor 21 corresponding with the second dipole 2 and the three feed bonding conductor 31 corresponding with the 3rd dipole 3;
Wherein, axial vertical all with another electrode couple of the axial place datum plane of any two electrode couple in described three electrode couple;
Specifically, this first dipole 1, second dipole 2 is consistent with the direction of three reference axis of a three-dimensional system of coordinate respectively with the 3rd dipole 3, and namely any two electrode couple is axially vertical mutually.
Further, each described dipole comprises the first oscillator arms, the second oscillator arms and connects the distributing point conductor of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms; Described distributing point conductor is respectively the second distributing point conductor 20 of the first distributing point conductor 10, second dipole 2 and the 3rd distributing point conductor 30 of the 3rd dipole 3 of the first dipole 1; Simultaneously due to the characteristic of this dipole, then distributing point conductor is all positioned at the mid point of dipole, i.e. the length of the first oscillator arms of these three dipoles and the identical length etc. of the second oscillator arms.Therefore preferably, ideally, the first distributing point conductor 10, second distributing point conductor 20 and the 3rd distributing point conductor 30 are all positioned at the dot position of above-mentioned three-dimensional system of coordinate, and namely three distributing point conductors are in same position (as shown in Figure 1); But these three distributing point conductors all utilize relevant art to separate, its reception at signal and transmission do not interfere with each other.
The distributing point conductor of described three electrode couple is connected with one end of described three feed bonding conductors respectively, and the other end of described three feed bonding conductors is connected with a feeding network plate respectively.Concrete, the first distributing point conductor 10 is connected with feeding network plate 4 after being connected with the first feed bonding conductor 11 again; Second distributing point conductor 20 is also connected with feeding network plate 4 after being connected with the second feed bonding conductor 21; 3rd distributing point conductor 30 is also connected with feeding network plate 4 after being connected with the 3rd feed bonding conductor 31; It should be noted that, feeding network plate 4 is the feeding network plate of a three-way, realize exporting and input the independence of distributing point conductor by feeding network plate 4, and by changing different feeding network plates 4, make the Signal transmissions of out of phase, different amplitude in this antenna radiation unit, realize the adjustment in aerial radiation direction.
Concrete, in the above embodiment of the present invention, described first oscillator arms and described second oscillator arms are made up of good conductor; The length of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms be described antenna radiation unit operation wavelength 1/5 to 3/4 between; And the shape of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is cylindrical shape, horn shape or drop shape; And the minimum widith of the minimum widith of described first oscillator arms and described second oscillator arms is all greater than or equal to 1mm.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, three the first oscillator arms and three second oscillator arms of this antenna radiation unit form by good conductor, the object that namely good conductor easily conducts electricity, and can preferably red copper material make.Described oscillator arms can apply various structures, as cylindrical, tubaeform or drop shape etc., does not enumerate, realize the requirement of the frequency band widening antenna radiation unit at this; Simultaneously because oscillator arms that is tubaeform or drop shape is the inconsistent design of width, therefore the minimum widith of the minimum widith and the second oscillator arms that need meet the first oscillator arms is all greater than or equal to the requirement of 1mm.
It should be noted that, the physical length of the first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms be antenna radiation unit operation wavelength 1/5 to 3/4 between; And the operation wavelength of antenna radiation unit can be determined according to the operating frequency of this antenna radiation unit, and due to the operating frequency of antenna radiation unit be not certain value, therefore the operation wavelength of radiating element changes according to the change of operating frequency, does not do concrete restriction at this.
Hold continuous upper example, in the above embodiment of the present invention, described feed bonding conductor (11/21/31) is coaxial cable, and described coaxial cable comprises inner wire and the outer conductor of mutually insulated.
Further, the inner wire of described distributing point conductor near the side of described first oscillator arms with described feed bonding conductor is connected, and the outer conductor of described distributing point conductor near the side of described second oscillator arms with described feed bonding conductor is connected.
Concrete, in the above embodiment of the present invention, the first end (one end near the first oscillator arms) of the first distributing point conductor 10 is connected with the inner wire of the first feed bonding conductor 11; Second end (one end near the second oscillator arms) of the first distributing point conductor 10 is connected with the outer conductor of the first feed bonding conductor 11; It should be noted that, connection and the above-mentioned describing mode of other distributing point conductors and corresponding feed bonding conductor are consistent, do not repeat one by one at this.It should be noted that, if the first end of distributing point conductor and the second end are same point, then this point connects inner wire and the outer conductor of feed bonding conductor (11/21/31) respectively.
Above-mentioned antenna radiation unit utilizes the structural design that any two dipoles are vertical mutually, realizes self the beamforming capabilities of unit that shakes; And amplitude and the phase place of three electrode couple is adjusted by feeding network plate, realize under the prerequisite not changing antenna structure, reach the object improving single radiating element gain.
In order to better realize above-mentioned purpose, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of antenna, comprises feeding network plate 4, it is characterized in that, also comprises the antenna radiation unit as above be connected with described feeding network plate 4;
Described feeding network plate 4 is for receiving the signal from base station, and to described antenna radiation unit feed, described antenna radiation unit is used for described signal amplitude to be shot out.Wherein, feeding network plate 4 is described in detail, in this not repeated description in the above-described embodiments with the concrete annexation of antenna radiation unit.In the specific embodiment of the invention, by changing different feeding network plates 4, making the Signal transmissions of out of phase, different amplitude on this antenna radiation unit, and being realized the adjustment in aerial radiation direction by the cooperation of multiple antenna radiation unit.
Concrete, in the above embodiment of the present invention, described antenna also comprises at least 5 mirror reflection ground plates, and in described 5 mirror reflection ground plates, the first mirror reflection ground plate 5, second mirror reflection ground plate 6, the 3rd mirror reflection ground plate 7, the 4th mirror reflection ground plate 8 and the 5th mirror reflection ground plate 9 connect successively; And the angle between described described 5 mirror reflection ground plates of connecting successively and a backboard 13 is mathematical recursion form; And the angle between described first mirror reflection ground plate 5 and described backboard 13 is 0 °.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, first mirror reflection ground plate 5 is parallel with backboard 13, angle between second mirror reflection ground plate 6 and backboard 13 is 1 ° to 5 °, angle between 3rd mirror reflection ground plate 7 and backboard 13 is 2 ° to 6 °, angle between 4th mirror reflection ground plate 8 and backboard 13 is 3 ° to 7 °, and the angle between the 5th mirror reflection ground plate 9 and backboard 13 is 4 ° to 8 °; The angle proposed by adjusting 5 mirror reflection ground plates of embodiment of the present invention innovation, makes the gain direction of omnidirectional antenna press down, makes antenna cover performance boost.Wherein, its angle is mathematical recursion form, such as the first mirror reflection ground plate 5 is parallel with backboard 13, and the angle between the second mirror reflection ground plate 6 and backboard 13 is 2 °, angle then between the 3rd mirror reflection ground plate 7 and backboard 13 is 4 °, angle then between the 4th mirror reflection ground plate 8 and backboard 13 is 6 °, then the angle between the 5th mirror reflection ground plate 9 and backboard 13 is 8 °.
Concrete, in the above embodiment of the present invention, each mirror reflection ground plate except described 5th mirror reflection ground plate 9 is provided with antenna radiation unit described at least one; Namely the first mirror reflection ground plate 5, second mirror reflection ground plate the 6, three mirror reflection ground plate 7 and the 4th mirror reflection ground plate 8 are provided with antenna radiation unit described at least one, namely this antenna at least comprises 4 antenna radiation units.It should be noted that, by the phase place between these 4 antenna radiation units, the angle of declination realizing 10 ° to 25 ° presses down, and realizes high station and covers street.
Described antenna radiation unit is fixed on described mirror reflection ground plate by a bracing frame, and support frame as described above is fixed on described mirror reflection ground plate by spiral shell button.Namely above-mentioned 4 mirror reflection ground plates are arranged through spiral shell to buckle and be fixedly installed at least one bracing frame consistent with three-dimensional system of coordinate shape, three electrode couple are installed on this bracing frame and form above-mentioned antenna radiation unit; Utilize the adjustable spiral shell on bracing frame to buckle simultaneously and adjust this bracing frame apart from the distance between corresponding mirror reflection ground plate, namely Indirect method is installed on the distance of the mirror reflection ground plate of the antenna radiation unit distance correspondence on this bracing frame; Concrete, described antenna radiation unit is between 1/4 to 2 times of antenna radiation unit operation wavelength apart from the distance of described mirror reflection ground plate.
Concrete, in the above embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, this antenna also comprises an antenna cover body 12, and the inner space that this antenna cover body 12 is formed is at least five mirror reflection ground plates described in holding; This antenna also comprises a top cover 11 and bottom 10, it connects and is covered in the opening of the upper and lower of antenna cover body 12, the size of this antenna cover body 12 is advisable just can hold described mirror reflection ground plate, its shape sets according to the global shape of mirror reflection ground plate, is not limited to a fixed form.
Be described in detail below in conjunction with the concrete antenna structure of accompanying drawing to the embodiment of the present invention:
Suppose that the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with 5 mirror reflection ground plates, the first mirror reflection ground plate 5 to the 4th mirror reflection ground plate 9 is respectively arranged with 1 antenna radiation unit;
Radome 12, the inner space of formation holds described five mirror reflection ground plates; Top cover 11 and bottom 10, it connects and is covered in the opening of the upper and lower of radome; Antenna radiation unit structure is formed by stacking by the sub-oscillator of three electrode couples, inputs identical signal by coaxial cable, and each independently radiating element forms wave beam forming, increases the gain of antenna; Three electrode couple are arranged on bracing frame, and bracing frame use spiral shell is buckled and is fixed on mirror reflection ground plate 5 ~ 9.Each radiating element is made up of three electrode couple, and the oscillator arms of its dipole is the dipole arm of copper column production, and the sub-arm of every electrode couple is provided with the first oscillator arms, the second oscillator arms and connects the feedback point conductor of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms.Three electrode couple can apply various structures, and as cylindrical, tubaeform and drop shape etc., realizing antenna frequency band widens; Also antenna miniaturization design can be realized by analysis recursion technology; The narrowest place >=the 1mm of its oscillator arms.The sub-oscillator arms of three electrode couples is consistent with three change in coordinate axis direction respectively, and any two electrode couple axial place datum planes are all axially vertical with the sub-oscillator of the 3rd electrode couple, and the sub-arm of three electrode couples is symmetrical structure; The physical length of the sub-arm of three electrode couples can be 1/5 ~ 3/4 λ.Described dipole arm is good conductor dipole arm, and can be the various ways such as fractal structure, horn structure.
The mirror reflection ground plate of antenna for base station is that it becomes mathematical recursion with the angle of horizontal plane by 5 different mirror reflection ground plate 5 ~ 9 connections; Its feed bonding conductor independently exports input, and is connected with the feeding network 4 of antenna, by changing different feeding network plates 4, making the Signal transmissions of out of phase, amplitude to four radiating elements, just can realize the adjustment in aerial radiation direction; First dipole 1, second dipole 2 and the 3rd dipole 3 are equipped with distributing point conductor, are connected respectively by three feed bonding conductors (11/21/31) with feeding network plate 4.Feed bonding conductor (11/21/31) is provided with coaxial line and the inner wire of mutually insulated and outer conductor, article three, the inner wire of feed bonding conductor (11/21/31) passes reflecting plate 5 ~ 9 by wire, and be connected with corresponding feeding network 4 respectively, the Signal reception of the external communication system of feeding network 4 and radiating circuit.
A kind of antenna radiation unit that the embodiment of the present invention provides and antenna, first antenna radiation unit make use of the feature of antenna technology, by adjusting three its amplitudes of dipole, phase places of antenna, realizing under the prerequisite not changing antenna structure, realizing single radiating element high-gain performance.Its advantages, the radiating element after only needing four adjustment can realize the gain intensity of 12dBm, and antenna is 9 to 10 radiating elements before, realizes antenna miniaturization design; Then propose by the insulation spacer adjustment phase place on feeding network plate or the corresponding oscillator path of adjustment feeding network, can change Electromagnetic Fields of Antenna radiation direction, under realizing high-rise dense city scene, the requirement of large angle of declination performance, realized the object that high station covers street; Again by adjustment reflecting plate angle, the gain direction of omnidirectional antenna can be made to press down, make antenna cover performance boost; Finally by fractal technology and antenna arm architecture advances, realize antenna frequency band and widen and Miniaturization Design.The embodiment of the present invention covers index error, serious interference, the problem of poor user experience under improving solution high-rise dense city scene.The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. an antenna radiation unit, is characterized in that, described antenna radiation unit comprises three electrode couple and three feed bonding conductors; Wherein,
Axial vertical all with another electrode couple of the axial place datum plane of any two electrode couple in described three electrode couple;
Each described dipole comprises the first oscillator arms, the second oscillator arms and connects the distributing point conductor of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms;
The distributing point conductor of described three electrode couple is connected with one end of described three feed bonding conductors respectively, and the other end of described three feed bonding conductors is connected with a feeding network plate respectively.
2. antenna radiation unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first oscillator arms and described second oscillator arms are made up of good conductor.
3. antenna radiation unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the length of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms be described antenna radiation unit operation wavelength 1/5 to 3/4 between.
4. antenna radiation unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the shape of described first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is cylindrical shape, horn shape or drop shape; And the minimum widith of the minimum widith of described first oscillator arms and described second oscillator arms is all greater than or equal to 1mm.
5. antenna radiation unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described feed bonding conductor is coaxial cable, and described coaxial cable comprises inner wire and the outer conductor of mutually insulated.
6. antenna radiation unit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the inner wire of described distributing point conductor near the side of described first oscillator arms with described feed bonding conductor is connected, and the outer conductor of described distributing point conductor near the side of described second oscillator arms with described feed bonding conductor is connected.
7. an antenna, comprises feeding network plate, it is characterized in that, also comprises the antenna radiation unit as described in any one of claim 1 to 6 be connected with described feeding network plate;
Described feeding network plate is for receiving the signal from base station, and to described antenna radiation unit feed, described antenna radiation unit is used for described signal amplitude to be shot out.
8. antenna according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described antenna also comprises at least 5 mirror reflection ground plates, and in described 5 mirror reflection ground plates, the first mirror reflection ground plate, the second mirror reflection ground plate, the 3rd mirror reflection ground plate, the 4th mirror reflection ground plate and the 5th mirror reflection ground plate connect successively; And the angle between described described 5 mirror reflection ground plates of connecting successively and a backboard is mathematical recursion form.
9. antenna according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the angle between described first mirror reflection ground plate and described backboard is 0 °.
10. antenna according to claim 9, is characterized in that, each mirror reflection ground plate except described 5th mirror reflection ground plate is provided with antenna radiation unit described at least one;
Described antenna radiation unit is fixed on described mirror reflection ground plate by a bracing frame, and support frame as described above is fixed on described mirror reflection ground plate by spiral shell button.
11. antennas according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described antenna radiation unit is between 1/4 to 2 times of antenna radiation unit operation wavelength apart from the distance of described mirror reflection ground plate.
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| CN201410616100.7A CN105576351B (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | A kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna |
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| CN201410616100.7A CN105576351B (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | A kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna |
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| CN105576351A true CN105576351A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN105576351B CN105576351B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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| CN117335150A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-01-02 | 广东中昱通信有限公司 | 5G antenna |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105576351B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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