CN105572031A - Device for evaluating lubricating performance of drilling fluids of horizontal well and extended reach well - Google Patents
Device for evaluating lubricating performance of drilling fluids of horizontal well and extended reach well Download PDFInfo
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- CN105572031A CN105572031A CN201410645356.0A CN201410645356A CN105572031A CN 105572031 A CN105572031 A CN 105572031A CN 201410645356 A CN201410645356 A CN 201410645356A CN 105572031 A CN105572031 A CN 105572031A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for evaluating lubricating performance of drilling fluids of a horizontal well and an extended reach well. The device comprises a support assembly, a wellbore, a drilling tool, a driving mechanism and a control and test assembly, wherein the wellbore is connected with the support assembly and comprises a straight wellbore section, a bend tube section and a horizontal wellbore section; one end of the bend tube section is connected with the straight wellbore section, and the other end of the bend tube section is connected with the horizontal wellbore section; the drilling tool is arranged in the wellbore and comprises a straight drilling tool part, a deflecting drilling tool part and a horizontal drilling tool part; one end of the deflecting drilling tool part is connected with the straight drilling tool part, and the other end of the deflecting drilling tool part is connected with the horizontal drilling tool part; the driving mechanism is connected with one end of the drilling tool and is used for driving the drilling tool to move in the wellbore so as to simulate a drilling process; the control and test assembly is used for controlling the stress and movement of the drilling tool and measuring corresponding stress and movement parameters for evaluating the lubricating performance of the drilling fluids. The device can accurately measure a dynamic friction coefficient between a simulated drilling tool and a simulated well wall by simulating a sliding drilling process of the horizontal well and the extended reach well under indoor conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision of performance of appraisal drilling liquid, being specifically related to a kind of device of the drilling fluid lubricating performance for evaluating horizontal well and extended reach well.
Background technology
Develop rapidly along with socioeconomic, the demand of countries in the world to oil and gas constantly increases, and self-contained hydrocarbon resources is petered out, and makes to be subject to more attention to the exploitation of hydrocarbon resources in bulk.Horizontal well and extended reach well drilling technique are exploitation hydrocarbon resources in bulk economy and effective development approaches the most.At present, the wellbore construction of horizontal well and extended reach well generally adopts the drilling mode of slipping drilling.At inclination section and the horizontal segment of horizontal well and extended reach well, the contact area of drilling tool and the borehole wall is large, objectively causes frictional resistance, causes difficulty to rapid drilling.
The greasy property improving drilling fluid is the important means overcoming friction, avoid down-hole accident.Especially in the slipping drilling process of horizontal well and extended reach well, high-density weighting material in high density drilling fluid then can increase the frictional resistance between drilling tool and the borehole wall further, cause drilling speed to be even lower, thus the possibility causing down-hole accidents such as gluing card, mud drum and occur can be increased further.Therefore, when designing the drilling fluid system of horizontal well and extended reach well, need the greasy property of special concern drilling fluid.
For horizontal well and extended reach well, the kinetic friction coefficient between drilling tool and the borehole wall is the most important reference index of the quality of the greasy property of appraisal drilling liquid.But also not having at present specially for the specialized equipment of the drilling fluid lubricating performance evaluation of horizontal well or extended reach well, is often the greasy property that the extreme boundary lubrication coefficient utilizing extreme boundary lubrication instrument to measure is similar to that sign is applied to the drilling fluid of horizontal well or extended reach well.From the mechanism of Instrument measuring, extreme boundary lubrication instrument obtains by the rotary movement of drilling tool in the construction of simulation straight well the moment of torsion produced when drilling tool contacts with the borehole wall, is then converted into the lubricating coefficient of drilling fluid and the quality for characterizing drilling fluid lubricating performance.But the size of this lubricating coefficient is effective for characterizing drilling fluid lubricating performance quality in straight well construction, and is not suitable for the greasy property evaluated and be applied to the drilling fluid of horizontal well and extended reach well.Therefore, need development a kind ofly to may be used for evaluating the experimental provision being applicable to horizontal well and extended reach well drilling fluid lubricating performance, for use in evaluating the greasy property being applied to horizontal well and extended reach well drilling fluid.
Summary of the invention
A technical matters to be solved by this invention is, there is provided a kind of device of the drilling fluid lubricating performance for evaluating horizontal well and extended reach well, it also can measure the kinetic friction coefficient between simulation drilling tool and the simulation borehole wall by Simulated Water horizontal well or extended reach well slipping drilling process in room conditions more exactly.
Technical solution for this problem is, providing a kind of device with the drilling fluid lubricating performance for evaluating horizontal well and extended reach well of following structure, comprising:
Supporting component;
Pit shaft, it is connected with supporting component, and comprises straight type wellbore section, bend pipe cylinder section and horizontal wellbore section, and one end of described bend pipe cylinder section connects straight type wellbore section, and its other end connects horizontal wellbore section;
Drilling tool, it is located in pit shaft, comprises straight type drilling tool portion, deflecting drilling tool portion and horizontal drilling tool portion, and the one end in described deflecting drilling tool portion connects straight type drilling tool portion, and its other end connects horizontal drilling tool portion;
Driving mechanism, it is connected with one end of drilling tool, moves to simulate drilling process for driving drilling tool in pit shaft; With
Control test suite, its control drilling tool by force and motion, and measure stressed and kinematic parameter accordingly and be used for evaluating the greasy property of drilling fluid.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.Pit shaft, drilling tool or driving mechanism together, can the slipping drilling processes of Simulated Water horizontal well and extended reach well in room conditions.When adding drilling fluid simulated drilling process in drilling process, the kinetic friction coefficient of simulating between drilling tool and pit shaft can be measured more exactly by controlling test suite.Because this kinetic friction coefficient can characterize the quality of the greasy property of drilling fluid more exactly, therefore preferably provide reliable experimental data, to reach the object formulating rational drilling well embodiment for what be applied to the drilling fluid of horizontal well or extended reach well.
In one embodiment, described control test suite comprises motion control mechanism and parameter testing mechanism, and described motion control mechanism simulates sliding friction in actual well drilled between drilling tool and the borehole wall by providing the power of reclining acted on drilling tool.General can put into pit shaft easily in order to drilling tool and drilling tool can move at pit shaft, certain gap can be left between drilling tool and pit shaft, certain power that reclines can be applied on drilling tool, to simulate the sliding friction after adding drilling fluid between drilling tool and the borehole wall by motion control mechanism.This emulation mode and actual well drilled process closer to, therefore, test result can be made more accurate.
In one embodiment, described motion control mechanism comprises recline part, turn of bilge thruster, level of turn of bilge and to recline part and horizontal thrust device, wherein, the masterpiece that reclines to be used in the deflecting drilling tool portion of drilling tool by the turn of bilge part that reclines by turn of bilge thruster, and horizontal thrust device is used in horizontal drilling tool portion by the level part masterpiece that will recline that reclines.Simulate and measure the power that reclines acting on deflecting drilling tool portion and horizontal drilling tool portion respectively, the greasy property being applied to horizontal well and extended reach well drilling fluid can be evaluated more accurately.
In a preferred embodiment, described turn of bilge thruster is all connected with parameter testing mechanism with horizontal thrust device, and the thrust size of turn of bilge thruster and horizontal thrust device is all controlled.The thrust controllable of turn of bilge thruster and horizontal thrust device, thus can regulate according to actual conditions and set the size of the power of reclining, make the result of this indoor test have more referential.
In one embodiment, described parameter testing mechanism comprise to the power of reclining of motion control mechanism carry out control and regulation the force controller that reclines, measure the thrust pickup acting on thrust on drilling tool and the driving governor that the parameter of driving mechanism is controlled.Different parts are controlled by different controllers and regulates, handled easily, control also can be made more accurate.
In a preferred embodiment, described thrust pickup is connected with thrust registering instrument, and described thrust registering instrument, recline force controller and driving governor are all connected to and control on display station.All test results and data are all undertaken showing and storing by controlling display station, therefore only need a people just can carry out test experiments and the monitoring to experimentation.
In one embodiment, described supporting component comprises: base;
Side frame, it is fixedly connected with base;
Pit shaft fixed mechanism, it is connected on side frame for connecting pit shaft; With
Drive bindiny mechanism, it is connected with side frame and is positioned at the top of pit shaft fixed mechanism, for connecting driving mechanism.In actual well drilled, pit shaft is also hang to be fixed on the supporting mechanism on ground, is subject to the effect of self gravitation.Such structure can make test process and actual condition closer to.
In one embodiment, described pit shaft fixed mechanism comprises:
Pit shaft height adjustment bolt, it to be connected on side frame and can along side frame up-down adjustment;
Wellbore support bar, its one end is fixedly connected with pit shaft height adjustment bolt; With
Fixing necklace, its fixedly sleeved straight type wellbore section at pit shaft, and be fixedly connected with the other end of wellbore support bar.According to test needs, adjust the height of pit shaft suspension by pit shaft height adjustment bolt.
In a preferred embodiment, described driving mechanism is stepper motor, described driving bindiny mechanism comprises motor adjusting bolt and motor fixing plate, described motor adjusting bolt to be connected on side frame and can along side frame up-down adjustment, described motor fixing plate is fixedly connected with motor adjusting bolt, and described stepper motor is fixed on motor fixing plate and its output shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of drilling tool.
In one embodiment, the borehole wall of described bend pipe cylinder section Simulated Water horizontal well or extended reach well kick-off section, the borehole wall that the angle of bend of bend pipe cylinder section can be simulated according to actual needs is selected.In a preferred embodiment, described deflecting drilling tool portion is made up of multiple deflecting pipe nipple, and the two ends in described deflecting drilling tool portion to be connected straight type drilling tool portion and horizontal drilling tool portion respectively by screw thread.In actual well drilled, the drilling tool of inclination section is not the drilling tool composition that one or a few angle of bend is larger, but needs multiple low-angle bending drill tool to connect and compose.In embodiments of the invention, connected the simulation realized drilling tool in kick-off section by multiple deflecting pipe nipple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
It is a kind of specific embodiment of the device of the drilling fluid lubricating performance for evaluating horizontal well and extended reach well of the present invention shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Be illustrated in figure 1 a kind of specific embodiment of the device of the drilling fluid lubricating performance for evaluating horizontal well and extended reach well of the present invention.In this embodiment, this device mainly comprises supporting component, pit shaft, drilling tool, driving mechanism and control test suite.Wherein, pit shaft hangs and is fixed on supporting component, and drilling tool is positioned at pit shaft.Driving mechanism to be connected on supporting component and for driving drilling tool.Control test suite then for control drilling tool by force and motion, and measure stressed and kinematic parameter accordingly.
In one embodiment, the pit shaft for simulating actual horizontal well and extended reach well mainly comprises straight type wellbore section 10, bend pipe cylinder section 11 and horizontal wellbore section 12.Wherein, straight type wellbore section 10 is equivalent to the borehole wall of straight well section.Bend pipe cylinder section 11 is equivalent to the borehole wall of horizontal well or extended reach well kick-off section.Horizontal wellbore section 12 is equivalent to the borehole wall of horizontal well horizontal segment.And these three sections of pit shafts of straight type wellbore section 10, bend pipe cylinder section 11 and horizontal wellbore section 12 are fixedly connected sequentially and form the integral type pit shaft for horizontal well and extended reach well of the present invention.In addition, the upper end open of straight type wellbore section 10, after putting into drilling tool, straight type wellbore section 10 upper surface is connected with top cover 8 to form seal shaft by seal 9.
In one embodiment, drilling tool also mainly comprises three parts, is respectively straight type drilling tool portion 16, deflecting drilling tool portion 17 and horizontal drilling tool portion 18.Wherein, the simulation of straight type drilling tool portion 16 is the drilling tool of straight well section.The simulation of deflecting drilling tool portion 17 be the drilling tool of inclination section.The drilling tool of what horizontal drilling tool portion 18 simulated is horizontal segment.In a preferred embodiment, deflecting drilling tool portion 17 is made up of multiple low-angle deflecting pipe nipple, to be consistent with the drilling tool of the inclination section connected into by multiple low-angle bending drill tool in actual well drilled.Preferably, the two ends in deflecting drilling tool portion 17 are respectively by straight type drilling tool portion 16 and the horizontal drilling tool portion 18 of being threaded, and this three parts drilling tool forms the drilling tool for indoor test in the present invention.
In one embodiment, supporting component comprises and is fixedly connected with side frame 2 bracing frame formed by base 1, is provided with pit shaft fixed mechanism at the middle part of this bracing frame, is provided with drives bindiny mechanism on the top of this bracing frame.In a preferred embodiment, the position of pit shaft fixed mechanism and driving bindiny mechanism all can along side frame 2 up-down adjustment, but drive bindiny mechanism to be positioned at the top of pit shaft fixed mechanism all the time.
In a preferred embodiment, pit shaft fixed mechanism is formed primarily of this three part of pit shaft height adjustment bolt 3, wellbore support bar 4 and fixing necklace 5.Wherein, fixing necklace 5 is the ring texture of hollow, and its outer wall being firmly connected to pit shaft makes pit shaft relatively can not fix necklace 5 to slide up and down.In addition, one end of wellbore support bar 4 is fixedly connected with pit shaft height adjustment bolt 3, and its other end is fixedly connected with fixing necklace 5.Such structure, makes only to need to regulate the upper and lower displacement of the relative side frame 2 of pit shaft height adjustment bolt 3 just can realize the height of the lowest surfaces respect thereto 1 of up-down adjustment pit shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, driving mechanism adopts stepper motor 14.Driving bindiny mechanism for fixing stepper motor 14 mainly comprises motor adjusting bolt 6 and motor fixing plate 7.In a preferred embodiment, motor adjusting bolt 6 can adopt the structure identical with pit shaft height adjustment bolt 3 thus realize the adjustment of stepper motor 14 upper-lower position.In addition, regulate the position of stepper motor 14 mainly in order to match with the pit shaft and drilling tool of different model and size.In practical adjustments process, first can adjust the position of rear pit shaft, after then pit shaft being fixed on certain position in the middle part of side frame 2 by pit shaft fixed mechanism, then be connected by the upper end of mobile stepper motor 14 with straight type drilling tool portion 16.In addition, stepper motor 14 is inverted to be fixed on motor fixing plate 7, can be easily threaded through top cover 8 to enter in pit shaft thus to be connected with drilling tool to make the propelling coupling shaft 15 be connected with the output shaft of stepper motor 14.
In one embodiment, control test suite mainly comprise the motion control mechanism of the slipping drilling process between simulation drilling tool and the borehole wall and carry out measuring and the parameter testing mechanism recorded to each parameter in the drilling process of simulating.Wherein, motion control mechanism is mainly simulated the sliding motion of inclination section and horizontal segment.In a preferred embodiment, this motion control mechanism mainly comprises the turn of bilge of simulating the sliding motion of inclination section and to recline part 21 and turn of bilge thruster 22 and to recline part 23 and horizontal thrust device 24 to the level that the sliding motion of horizontal segment is simulated.In sliding process, the masterpiece that reclines to be used in the deflecting drilling tool portion 17 of drilling tool by the turn of bilge part 21 that reclines by turn of bilge thruster 22, and horizontal thrust device 24 is used in horizontal drilling tool portion 18 by level part 23 masterpiece that will recline that reclines.
In a preferred embodiment, the thrust size of turn of bilge thruster 22 and horizontal thrust device 24 is all controlled.Turn of bilge thruster 22 and horizontal thrust device 24 are all connected to reclining on force controller 25 in parameter testing mechanism.By recline force controller 25 adjustable turn of bilge thruster 22 pairs of deflecting drilling tool portions 17 and horizontal thrust device 24 to the size of the power that reclines that horizontal drilling tool portion 18 applies.
In one embodiment, parameter testing mechanism, except reclining except force controller 25, also comprises the thrust pickup 19 between output shaft and straight type drilling tool portion 16 being located at stepper motor 14 and the driving governor 13 controlled the parameter of stepper motor 14.Preferably, thrust pickup 19 is connected with and can shows in real time and record the thrust registering instrument 20 of the thrust size of stepper motor 14.In order to more convenient monitoring, to recline force controller 25, driving governor 13 and thrust registering instrument 20 is all connected to and controls on display station 26, like this, when carrying out test experiments, before only needing a people to be sitting in control display station 26, just can be clear that whether the situation of test and each several part of test experiments break down.
In one embodiment of the invention, test process is divided into two steps.The first step, after drilling fluid to be measured being injected whole wellbore hole simulator (comprising straight well section, inclination section and horizontal segment), the turn of bilge part 21 that reclines does not cling in deflecting drilling tool portion 17.Namely this step the inside only has the simulation process of the slipping drilling on the drilling fluid of drilling tool in pit shaft, and does not have reclining of the borehole wall and drilling tool, and namely do not rub, this time records a thrust magnitude F by thrust registering instrument 20
1.Second step, to be reclined part 21 1 instructions reclined to turn of bilge by turn of bilge thruster 22, allows turn of bilge recline between part 21 and deflecting drilling tool portion 17 and produce the power that reclines or pressure N.Illustrate, this size reclining power or pressure N is controlled, and by reclining, force controller 25 can the size of controlled pressure N.This step the inside creates friction because reclining, and this is a process created friction artificially, and this time records thrust magnitude F by thrust registering instrument 20 again
2.With formula f=(F
2-F
1), the size of friction force f can be calculated.According to friction force computing formula f=μ N, thus can extrapolate the friction coefficient mu size at kick-off section, this μ just can be used for characterizing the quality of greasy property of drilling fluid.
In addition, the situation of horizontal segment is identical with above-mentioned inclination section principle, and just this friction artificially occurs in lateral segment.Namely the masterpiece that reclines to be used in the friction of the artificial dummy level section in horizontal drilling tool portion 18 by the level part 23 that reclines by horizontal thrust device 24.
Certainly, if down-hole situation is complicated, likely turn of bilge thruster 22 and horizontal thrust device 24 do simultaneously in order to actual condition closer to.
Although invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments, but be appreciated that without departing from the scope of the invention, various improvement or replacement can be carried out to it.Especially, only otherwise there is structural conflict, the feature in each embodiment all can be combined with each other, and the combined type feature formed still is within the scope of the present invention.The present invention is not limited to specific embodiment disclosed in literary composition, but comprises all technical schemes fallen in the scope of claim.
Claims (10)
1., for evaluating a device for the drilling fluid lubricating performance of horizontal well and extended reach well, comprising:
Supporting component;
Pit shaft, it is connected with supporting component, and comprises straight type wellbore section, bend pipe cylinder section and horizontal wellbore section, and one end of described bend pipe cylinder section connects straight type wellbore section, and its other end connects horizontal wellbore section;
Drilling tool, it is located in pit shaft, comprises straight type drilling tool portion, deflecting drilling tool portion and horizontal drilling tool portion, and the one end in described deflecting drilling tool portion connects straight type drilling tool portion, and its other end connects horizontal drilling tool portion;
Driving mechanism, it is connected with one end of drilling tool, moves to simulate drilling process for driving drilling tool in pit shaft; With
Control test suite, its control drilling tool by force and motion, and measure stressed and kinematic parameter accordingly and be used for evaluating the greasy property of drilling fluid.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described control test suite comprises motion control mechanism and parameter testing mechanism, and described motion control mechanism simulates sliding friction in actual well drilled between drilling tool and pit shaft by providing the power of reclining acted on drilling tool.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described motion control mechanism comprises recline part, turn of bilge thruster, level of turn of bilge and to recline part and horizontal thrust device, wherein, the masterpiece that reclines to be used in the deflecting drilling tool portion of drilling tool by the turn of bilge part that reclines by turn of bilge thruster, and horizontal thrust device is used in horizontal drilling tool portion by the level part masterpiece that will recline that reclines.
4. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described turn of bilge thruster is all connected with parameter testing mechanism with horizontal thrust device, and the thrust size of turn of bilge thruster and horizontal thrust device is all controlled.
5. the device according to any one of claim 2 ~ 4, it is characterized in that, described parameter testing mechanism comprise to the power of reclining of motion control mechanism carry out control and regulation the force controller that reclines, measure the thrust pickup acting on thrust on drilling tool and the driving governor that the parameter of driving mechanism is controlled.
6. device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described thrust pickup is connected with thrust registering instrument, and described thrust registering instrument, recline force controller and driving governor are all connected to and control on display station.
7. the device according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6, is characterized in that, described supporting component comprises: base;
Side frame, it is fixedly connected with base;
Pit shaft fixed mechanism, it is connected on side frame for connecting pit shaft; With
Drive bindiny mechanism, it is connected with side frame and is positioned at the top of pit shaft fixed mechanism, for connecting driving mechanism.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described pit shaft fixed mechanism comprises:
Pit shaft height adjustment bolt, it to be connected on side frame and can along side frame up-down adjustment;
Wellbore support bar, its one end is fixedly connected with pit shaft height adjustment bolt; With
Fixing necklace, its fixedly sleeved straight type wellbore section at pit shaft, and be fixedly connected with the other end of wellbore support bar.
9. the device according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, described driving mechanism is stepper motor, described driving bindiny mechanism comprises motor adjusting bolt and motor fixing plate, described motor adjusting bolt to be connected on side frame and can along side frame up-down adjustment, described motor fixing plate is fixedly connected with motor adjusting bolt, and described stepper motor is fixed on motor fixing plate and its output shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of drilling tool.
10. the device according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, is characterized in that, described deflecting drilling tool portion is made up of multiple deflecting pipe nipple, and the two ends in described deflecting drilling tool portion to be connected straight type drilling tool portion and horizontal drilling tool portion respectively by screw thread.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410645356.0A CN105572031B (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2014-11-06 | Evaluate the device of the greasy property of the drilling fluid of horizontal well and extended reach well |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410645356.0A CN105572031B (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2014-11-06 | Evaluate the device of the greasy property of the drilling fluid of horizontal well and extended reach well |
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| CN107449596A (en) * | 2017-08-06 | 2017-12-08 | 西南石油大学 | Hole deviation and the vertical Ratio Experiments stand more large-scale than adjustable rotary drilling of water |
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| CN109209337A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-15 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of horizontal well drilling lubricity experimental provision and experimental method considering cutting bed |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107449596A (en) * | 2017-08-06 | 2017-12-08 | 西南石油大学 | Hole deviation and the vertical Ratio Experiments stand more large-scale than adjustable rotary drilling of water |
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| CN108801900A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | It is bent Mud lubricity detection device and method inside tubing string |
| CN109209337A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-15 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of horizontal well drilling lubricity experimental provision and experimental method considering cutting bed |
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| CN105572031B (en) | 2018-05-29 |
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