CN105567459B

CN105567459B - A kind of green alkaline cleaning solution and preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN105567459B
Application number: CN201510900016.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董晓娜
Original assignee: Shenzhen Clean Chemical Products Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen clean chemical products Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2015-12-10
Filing date: 2015-12-10
Publication date: 2018-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2035-12-10
Also published as: CN105567459A

Abstract

Green alkaline cleaning solution disclosed by the invention uses tween, the Recompounded multielement system of nonionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant, comparing the single-activity agent that tradition uses has apparent advantage, it is free of phosphoric acid salt, the problems such as will not causing water pollution eutrophy, with energy conservation and environmental protection technique effect, there is good cleaning performance to ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal simultaneously, compared with prior art, the alkaline cleaner of the present invention can not only wash the impurity such as some metal oxides, and surface of workpiece greasy deposits can be washed by the synergistic effect of various ingredients, effect is ideal, effectively increase the permeability of skin covering of the surface, contribute to following process program, also disclose the preparation method and application method of the cleaning solution.

Description

A kind of green alkaline cleaning solution and preparation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of green alkaline cleaning solution and preparation methods, belong to smelting and processing of metals technical field.

Background technology

It is raw as industry with the breakthrough of constantly bringing forth new ideas of the continuous development and science and technology of modern industry since 20 century The essential cleaning agent of link is cleaned in production, the kind scale and corresponding application range of research and development are also constantly expanding.With People are also gradually changing for the understanding of cleaning agent and its utilization in daily life simultaneously for this.In eighties of last century 50 Before age, people also rest on the view that industrial equipment cleans：One can be generated to equipment by being cleaned to industrial equipment Fixed harm is the emergency measure done something against one's will.But only pass by more than 10 years, that is, to the 1960s After, the idea of people is just thoroughly changed into：It is that one kind can be maintained effectively to carry out cleaning to industrial equipment using chemical cleaning Industrial equipment normally produces operating, improves the quality of production of product, ensures the safe operation of equipment, and extend equipment uses the longevity Life reduces the consumption to raw material and the energy and removes the important means for the pollutant that production process generates.Pass by More than 10 years in world economy continuous development and science and technology make rapid progress, cleaning industry worldwide all obtain Obtained significant progress.Especially in some American-European developed countries, cleaning products and its effective of technology are used The important means of the quality of the life of the people is continuously improved as these developed countries.This be also clean technologies continuous development with it is clear Continuing to optimize for lotion formulation provides necessary condition, and the cleaning industry of taking this as an opportunity concerned countries is also constantly opened up The market space of bigger.To sum up, cleaning has developed into order to closely bound up with people's material and cultural life till now Important component part.

Metal is during processing and storage, especially in machining process, easily by oil pollution.Some workpiece are to prevent It gets rusty during storage, needs to smear antirust oil or antirust grease is protected.The presence of greasy dirt influences coating in metallic matrix On wetting and binding force, it is therefore desirable to metal material is cleaned before being processed, and use metal material processing The dosage of the precision components used in the ordinary mechanical part and other field of preparation is quite big, therefore to this metalloid zero The workload of part cleaning is also corresponding very big, and the usage amount of the cleaning agent needed in cleaning process is also sizable certainly.With The severization for environmental protection requirement standard is also increasingly stringenter the emission control of industrial wastewater, therefore does not largely conform to mark The discharge of accurate cleaning agent becomes the important topic for needing to study.In addition, existing metallic copper material detergent is mostly solvent type, contain Phosphorus aqueous cleaning agent etc., these cleaning agents have the drawback that cleaning performance is not highly desirable, and the metal parts after cleaning are easy The surface layer for black occur, makes troubles to following process, especially causes to puzzle to the processing of precision components；Equipment is corroded Property it is stronger, increase equipment cost；Scavenging period is longer.

Alkalilye degreasing is the greasy dirt using the removal workpiece surface such as saponification, emulsification of surfactant of alkali. Alkaline cleaner is suitable for the metal that steel etc. is not chemically reacted with lye.Common alkaline cleaner has NaOH, Na2CO3, silicate, phosphate etc., but these lye are each defective, such as NaOH is epistasis lye, it can be anti-with acid dirt It answers, but is only used for ferrous metal, there is corrosiveness, Na2CO3 to belong to moderate strength lye non-ferrous metal, have to hard water soft Change acts on, but saponifying ability is weak, and washing property is poor, although non-ferrous metal and ferrous metal is widely used in silicate, but produce H4SiO4 colloids are easy to be deposited on metal surface, influence follow-up phosphatization quality, and the phosphorus-containing wastewater of phosphate production is difficult to handle, meeting Water Eutrophication is caused, limitation is also used.The common surfactant of alkalilye degreasing have anion active agent and it is non-from Sub- activating agent, the oil removing mechanism of anion surfactant are to form electric double layer using its absorption in metal surface, increase gold The potential for belonging to interface is conducive to greasy dirt and is detached from metal surface, and is not easy to be polluted again by greasy dirt.Nonionic surfactant is Polar group is contained in strand one end, and the other end contains a kind of compound of apolar chain, in aqueous solution due to its hydrophilic radical It does not dissociate, is in neutrality molecule, stability is high, is not easy to be influenced by strong dielectric, acid-base value.

Usually single anion surfactant is more, and CMC concentration is high, and dirt-removing power is strong, but stability is by solution Medium and water quality impact are larger, such as in acid medium, and anion translates into neutral molecule, and dissolubility reduces in water； When the hardness of water is higher, slightly solubility substance is easily generated, makes the reduction of its surface-active.It is therefore desirable to develop a kind of environment-friendly type Alkaline cleaner is realized more excellent more environmentally friendly cleaning performance using polynary complexed surfactant, can reduced to equipment Corrosivity.

Since cleaning agent will face different cleaning objects in actual application or meet different cleaning mesh , therefore, corresponding application method is also not quite similar.It to be selected according to specific cleaning demand in practical cleaning process It selects.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of alkaline cleaning fluid of environment-friendly type and preparation methods.

The raw material of the alkaline cleaning fluid forms and each group sendout is：Sodium hydroxide 5-15g/L, potassium hydroxide 5- 10g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5-5g/L, sodium gluconate 2-5g/L, phosphate amine salt 1-4g/L, triethanolamine 4-8g/L, polyoxy second Alkene oleate 4-10g/L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2-4g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 5- 12g/L, coconut diethanolamide 2-5g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1-1.5g/L, benzotriazole 1.5-3g/L, remaining is deionization Water.

Composite reactive agent prescription is used in above-mentioned cleaning solution, includes mainly nonionic surfactant：Polyoxyethylene oleic acid Ester 4-10g/L and coconut diethanolamide 2-5g/L, amphoteric surfactant：Dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2- 4g/L, anion surfactant：Dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 5-12g/L.

The mechanism of action of above-mentioned alkaline cleaning fluid is：

Sodium gluconate is corrosion inhibiting and descaling agent, has two kinds of performances of inhibition and scale inhibition, has good synergistic effect, with silicon Sour sodium is used in compounding, have it is stronger resist chlorion ability, have good chelating ability to iron ion, can with the iron in solution from Son forms protective film and plays the role of enhancing corrosion mitigating effect, prevents fouling；The activity of Hamposyl L salt is with lipophilic group alkyl Number increases and increases, and is typically chosen C12-C14, water-soluble poor when alkyl carbon chain lengths are long, shows when less than C12 Activity declines obviously, and dirt-removing power is low, applicants have found that, the hydrophilic group and lipophilic group of dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine Type is identical, and molecular weight is small, and there is higher permeability, the neopelex compared to conventional single use to have Stronger clean effect；Dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine belongs to amphoteric phosphate surfactant molecule, is better than one As anion surfactant alkali resistance, electrolyte-resistant and antistatic property advantage, and with stronger calcium soap dispersibility, It is low with surface tension, frothing capacity good characteristics；Coconut diethanolamide is water-soluble, has stronger foaming power, is impregnated with Power, detergency, antirust power and preferable dispersibility etc. have better effects for metal cleaner；Poly-epoxy succinic acid belongs to Nitrogen-free, non-phosphorus organic compound have both scale inhibitor double effects, and biodegradability, which gets well and is suitable for high-alkali, high metal, to be contained Water system is measured, part scaling cations can be blocked after being added, inhibits its reacting with anion, to prevent fouling, while with Benzotriazole has good synergistic effect, and the corrosion mitigating effect after proportionally compounding is remarkably reinforced.

The preparation method of the alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention is simultaneously：

Step 1：Complexed surfactant solution is prepared, by polyoxyethylene oleate 4-10g/L and coconut diethanolamide 2-5g/L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2-4g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 5-12g/L are put in acidproof In alkali reaction kettle, be slowly added to phosphate amine salt 1-4g/L and deionized water, be heated to 50 DEG C or so with 80rpm stir 10h with On,

Step 2：Prepare alkalinity cleaning base fluid：Sodium hydroxide 5-15g/L, potassium hydroxide 5-10g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5- is added In the complexed surfactant solution obtained to step 1, appropriate amount of deionized water is added in 5g/L, sodium gluconate 2-5g/L again, 16h or more is stirred with 40rpm in 40 DEG C of environment,

Step 3：The reagents such as dispersant are added, triethanolamine 4-8g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1-1.5g/L, benzene is then added And triazole 1.5-3g/L, continue to stir 10h or more；

Step 4：Selectively, appropriate PH conditioning agents are added, the pH value of alkaline cleaning fluid is adjusted to 8.5 or more, be preferably adjusted to Between 9.5-12；The alkaline cleaning fluid obtained will be prepared to clean workpiece, cleaning temperature is 60-75 DEG C, and scavenging period is 5min。

The alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention, has the following advantages：

Alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention is free of phosphoric acid salt, and the problems such as will not causing water pollution eutrophy has environmental protection effect Fruit, while having good cleaning performance to ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal, compared with prior art, alkalinity cleaning of the invention Agent can not only wash the impurity such as some metal oxides, and can wash metal work by the synergistic effect of various ingredients Part surface and oil contaminant deposits, and effect is ideal, effectively increases the permeability of skin covering of the surface, contributes to following process program.

Specific implementation mode

The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..

The raw material of the environmentally friendly alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention forms and each group sendout is：Sodium hydroxide 5-15g/L, hydrogen-oxygen Change potassium 5-10g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5-5g/L, sodium gluconate 2-5g/L, phosphate amine salt 1-4g/L, triethanolamine 4-8g/L, Polyoxyethylene oleate 4-10g/L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2-4g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 5-12g/L, coconut diethanolamide 2-5g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1-1.5g/L, benzotriazole 1.5-3g/L, remaining for go from Sub- water；

The preparation method of the alkaline cleaning fluid is：

The alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention is polynary using tween, nonionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant Compound system, comparing the single-activity agent that tradition uses has apparent advantage, for example anion surfactant is used alone When dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine, critical micelle concentration 11mmol/L, and when it and amphoteric surfactant 12 When alkyl hydroxypropyl base phosphate glycine betaine is compounded according to 2: 1-3: 1 mass ratio, critical micelle concentration is reduced to 3mmol/L, multiple Surface tension with system is down to 40-45mN/m (surface tension of the pure water at 25 DEG C is 72mN/m), and it is clear to meet usually alkalinity The surface tension requirements range 30-55mN/m of lotion；When adding nonionic surfactant again, and its mass ratio is in accordance with (example Such as polyoxyethylene oleate 4-10g/L and coconut diethanolamide 2-5g/L) ratio as described above when, the surface of compound system Power is reduced to 30-35mN/m, this illustrates that the compounding of two or more classes of surfactant produces apparent synergistic effect, contributes to Degreasing metal cleaning process rapidly and efficiently.

Embodiment 1

The raw material of the environmentally friendly alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention forms and each group sendout is：Sodium hydroxide 10g/L, hydroxide Potassium 8g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5g/L, sodium gluconate 2g/L, phosphate amine salt 2g/L, triethanolamine 4g/L, polyoxyethylene oleate 5g/L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 8g/L, coconut diethanolamide 2g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1g/L, benzotriazole 1.5g/L, remaining is deionized water；

The preparation method of the alkaline cleaning fluid is：

Step 1：Complexed surfactant solution is prepared, by polyoxyethylene oleate 5g/L and coconut diethanolamide 2g/ L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 8g/L are put in acid and alkali-resistance reaction kettle In, it is slowly added to phosphate amine salt 2g/L and deionized water, 50 DEG C or so is heated to and 10h or more is stirred with 80rpm,

Step 2：Prepare alkalinity cleaning base fluid：Sodium hydroxide 10g/L, potassium hydroxide 8g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5g/L, Portugal is added In the complexed surfactant solution obtained to step 1, appropriate amount of deionized water is added, in 40 DEG C of rings in grape sodium saccharate 2g/L again 16h or more is stirred with 40rpm in border,

Step 3：The reagents such as dispersant are added, triethanolamine 4g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1g/L, benzotriazole is then added 1.5g/L continues to stir 10h or more；

Embodiment 2

The raw material of the environmentally friendly alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention forms and each group sendout is：Sodium hydroxide 15g/L, hydroxide Potassium 5g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5g/L, sodium gluconate 4g/L, phosphate amine salt 3g/L, triethanolamine 4g/L, polyoxyethylene oleate 8g/L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 4g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 6g/L, coconut diethanolamide 2g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1g/L, benzotriazole 1g/L, remaining is deionized water；

The preparation method of the alkaline cleaning fluid is：

Step 1：Complexed surfactant solution is prepared, by polyoxyethylene oleate 8g/L and coconut diethanolamide 2g/ L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 4g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 6g/L are put in acid and alkali-resistance reaction kettle In, it is slowly added to phosphate amine salt 3g/L and deionized water, 50 DEG C or so is heated to and 10h or more is stirred with 80rpm,

Step 2：Prepare alkalinity cleaning base fluid：Sodium hydroxide 15g/L, potassium hydroxide 5g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5g/L, Portugal is added In the complexed surfactant solution obtained to step 1, appropriate amount of deionized water is added, in 40 DEG C of rings in grape sodium saccharate 4g/L again 16h or more is stirred with 40rpm in border,

Embodiment 3

The raw material of the environmentally friendly alkaline cleaning fluid of the present invention forms and each group sendout is：Sodium hydroxide 15g/L, hydroxide Potassium 5g/L, sodium metasilicate 5g/L, sodium gluconate 5g/L, phosphate amine salt 4g/L, triethanolamine 6g/L, polyoxyethylene oleate 10g/L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 4g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 10g/L, coconut acyl diethanol Amine 5g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1.5g/L, benzotriazole 2g/L, remaining is deionized water；

The preparation method of the alkaline cleaning fluid is：

Step 1：Complexed surfactant solution is prepared, by polyoxyethylene oleate 10g/L and coconut diethanolamide 5g/ L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 4g/L, dodecyl sodium lauroyl sarcosine 10g/L are put in acid and alkali-resistance reaction kettle In, it is slowly added to phosphate amine salt 4g/L and deionized water, 50 DEG C or so is heated to and 10h or more is stirred with 80rpm,

Step 2：Prepare alkalinity cleaning base fluid：Sodium hydroxide 15g/L, potassium hydroxide 5g/L, sodium metasilicate 5g/L, grape is added In the complexed surfactant solution obtained to step 1, appropriate amount of deionized water is added, in 40 DEG C of environment in sodium saccharate 5g/L again In with 40rpm stir 16h or more,

Step 3：The reagents such as dispersant are added, triethanolamine 6g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1.5g/L, benzo three is then added Azoles 2g/L continues to stir 10h or more；

Through experimental examination, the alkaline cleaner effect of above-described embodiment shows excellent, and effectiveness ranking is 2 > of embodiment 3 > embodiments 1 of embodiment.

Simultaneously the invention also discloses a kind of metal surface treating method, include mainly：

1) oil removing：Pending workpiece is immersed in acetone soln, 10-15min is cleaned using ultrasonic cleaner, it will be oily Dirt is fully cleaned；

2) alkali cleaning：Pending workpiece is immersed in above-mentioned alkaline cleaning fluid or carries out spray process using alkaline cleaning fluid；

3) pickling：Pickle used is the H of 150mL/L₂SO₄, 50mL/L HF and 30mL/L triethanolamine mixing it is molten Liquid, for control temperature at 25 DEG C or so, pickling time is about 2min.The pickle is sour based on sulfuric acid, coordinates with hydrofluoric acid and three Ethanol amine addition is fused, is mainly used for the processing of high-alloy steel and stainless steel using the acid solution of the formulation components, can Fast and effeciently remove the oxide of workpiece surface；

4) it washes：It is first rinsed well with deionized water, but is still remained at body surface especially surface concave, aperture position Acid solution is easy to get rusty again, needs to be neutralized after water washing, main molten using the sodium carbonate of 20-40g/L Liquid handles 1-2min, then carries out secondary deionized water flushing, for use after cold wind drying.

Although the detailed description and description of the specific embodiments of the present invention are given above, it should be noted that We can carry out various equivalent changes and modification, generated function to the above embodiment according to the concept of the present invention It, should all be within protection scope of the present invention when acting on the spirit still covered without departing from specification.The above, only this hair Bright preferred embodiment, is not intended to limit the invention, every according to the technical essence of the invention to made by above example Any trickle amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement, should be included within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of green alkaline cleaning solution, raw material composition and each group sendout are：Sodium hydroxide 5-15g/L, hydroxide Potassium 5-10g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5-5g/L, sodium gluconate 2-5g/L, phosphate amine salt 1-4g/L, triethanolamine 4-8g/L gather Ethylene oxide oleate 4-10g/L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2-4g/L, sodium lauroyl sarcosine 5-12g/L, coconut palm Sub- acyl diethanol amine 2-5g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1-1.5g/L, benzotriazole 1.5-3g/L, remaining is deionized water, dispersion Agent and PH conditioning agents；

The preparation method of the alkaline cleaning fluid is：

Step 1：Complexed surfactant solution is prepared, by polyoxyethylene oleate 4-10g/L and coconut diethanolamide 2-5g/ L, dodecyl Hydroxypropyl phosphate ester glycine betaine 2-4g/L, sodium lauroyl sarcosine 5-12g/L is put in acid and alkali-resistance reaction kettle, slow It is slow that phosphate amine salt 1-4g/L and deionized water is added, it is heated to 50 DEG C and 10h or more is stirred with 80rpm,

Step 2：Prepare alkalinity cleaning base fluid：Sodium hydroxide 5-15g/L, potassium hydroxide 5-10g/L, sodium metasilicate 2.5-5g/ is added In the complexed surfactant solution obtained to step 1, appropriate amount of deionized water is added in L, sodium gluconate 2-5g/L again, in 16h or more is stirred with 40rpm in 40 DEG C of environment,

Step 3：Dispersant is added, triethanolamine 4-8g/L, poly-epoxy succinic acid 1-1.5g/L, benzotriazole 1.5- is then added 3g/L continues to stir 10h or more；

Step 4：Appropriate PH conditioning agents are added, the pH value of alkaline cleaning fluid is adjusted to 8.5 or more.