CN105562965B - The method for preparing nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal - Google Patents

The method for preparing nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal Download PDF

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CN105562965B
CN105562965B CN201610110487.8A CN201610110487A CN105562965B CN 105562965 B CN105562965 B CN 105562965B CN 201610110487 A CN201610110487 A CN 201610110487A CN 105562965 B CN105562965 B CN 105562965B
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alloy
silk material
filler metal
diameter
nickel
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CN105562965A (en
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石建军
王林涛
张建国
束文武
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Jiangsu Tu Nan Alloy Ltd Co
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Jiangsu Tu Nan Alloy Ltd Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal, the component and mass percent of its alloy are C：0.4% ~ 0.45%, Mn：1.0% ~ 1.5%, Si：0.15% ~ 1.2%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.02%, Cr：28% ~ 30%, Ni：49% ~ 51%, Co≤0.1%, Mo≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, Al≤0.1%, W：4.0% ~ 5.0%, remaining is iron；Preparation method is moved back by alloy melting-electroslag remelting-hot forging-hot-roll annealing-pickling, reconditioning-cold drawn-hydrogen, and electroslag remelting uses CaF2、Al2O3, CaO slag systems.The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention can be made performance and meet desired relatively thin welding wire, and lumber recovery is high.

Description

The method for preparing nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal, belong to technical field of alloy.
Background technology
Cr28Ni48W5 nickel-base alloys, there is very high resistance to elevated temperatures, and welding wire, which can be made, to be used to repair refractory metal material Material.But chromium content is higher in Cr28Ni48W5 alloys and contains wolfram element, the constituent content such as aluminium, titanium is relatively low, therefore Cr28Ni48W5 alloy working plasticities are poor, are a kind of high temperature solder wire materials of difficult deformation, are generally used for manufacturing thicker welding wire, Lumber recovery is extremely low when welding wire is thinner.
Chinese patent literature CN 101249591 discloses a kind of nickel-based welding wire and its preparation technology, the welding wire nickel content pole Height, and without wolfram element, it is made up of vacuum metling-electroslag remelting-forging-hot rolling-wire drawing-annealing process.
Chinese patent literature CN 102912151 discloses a kind of ultrapure electro-slag re-melting method of high performance corrosion resistant alloy, has Following steps：To be by weight from the food ingredient of molten electrode bar：Ni：25~34 parts, Cr：25~29 parts, Mo：2.5~4.5 Part, Fe：30~45 parts, through vacuum induction melting, it is made from molten electrode bar；It is by weight in slag charge proportioning from molten electrode bar： CaF2：55~80 parts, CaO：5~25 parts, Al2O3:5~15 parts, MgO：Slowly melted in 5~10 parts of melting electroslag remelting slag charge Change, purification recrystallizes in crystallizer, obtains ESR ingot；ESR ingot is forged into bar, solid solution at a temperature of 1130 ± 5 DEG C Processing, obtains high performance corrosion resistant alloy.The content of the harmful elements such as sulphur, phosphorus in alloy can be reduced using the inventive method, Improve the Impurity Distribution situation of alloy, beneficial to thinning microstructure, improve its hot-working character and lumber recovery.The welding wire nickel content compared with Low, iron content is higher, and does not contain wolfram element.
The content of the invention
Alloying component, manufacturing process are optimized it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of, can be by the trade mark Cr28Ni48W5 nickel-base alloy be made compared with thin welding wire and lumber recovery it is higher prepare nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme for realizing the object of the invention is a kind of to prepare nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal Method, is comprised the following steps that：
A. alloy melting, is C according to the component and mass percent of alloy：0.4%~0.45%, Mn：1.0%~1.5%, Si：0.15%~1.2%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.02%, Cr：28%~30%, Ni：49%~51%, Co≤0.1%, Mo≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, Al≤0.1%, W：4.0%~5.0%, remaining is iron, carries out dispensing, and raw material is put into vaccum sensitive stove and melted Refining, pours into electrode bar；
B. electroslag remelting, using the electroslag remelting equipment of prior art, the surface of electrode bar is carried out after grinding process to make For in consutrode insertion slag, slag uses CaF2、Al2O3, CaO slag systems, CaF in slag system2Mass percentage content be 75%~85%, Al2O3Mass percentage content be 12%~18%, CaO mass percentage content be 4%~6%, electric current 2100A~2300A, steel ingot binds feeding electric current 0A~1500A, and bind time 3min~5min, and have a power failure cooling 5min~10min De- ingot, is cooled to normal temperature, obtains alloy pig in atmosphere；
C. hot forging, alloy pig is put into the heating furnace of initial temperature≤600 DEG C and heated, and is warming up to 1210 DEG C ~1250 DEG C, forged after being incubated 50min~80min, be forged into alloy preform, normal temperature is cooled in atmosphere；
D. hot-roll annealing, after alloy preform figuring of surface, is heated to 1080 DEG C~1120 DEG C progress hot rollings, is rolled into disk member Silk material, is cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere；
E. pickling, reconditioning, pickling is carried out by disk member silk material with sulfuric acid, then finishing polishing；
F. it is cold drawn, using existing cold-drawing process, disk member silk material is progressively drawn and attenuated, until silk material diameter≤3mm；
G. hydrogen is moved back, and the disk member silk material after cold drawn processing is warming up into 1035 DEG C~1065 DEG C progress hydrogen moves back processing, and hydrogen moves back place Aligned after reason.
CaF in above-mentioned slag system2Mass percentage content be 80%, Al2O3Mass percentage content for 15%, CaO Mass percentage content is 5%.
The mass percentage contents of above-mentioned Si in the alloy are 0.15%~0.8%.
The mass percentage contents of above-mentioned Mn in the alloy are 1.0%~1.2%.
A diameter of 80mm of above-mentioned electrode bar.
Soaking time in above-mentioned steps C is 60min.
The cooling 5min that has a power failure in above-mentioned steps B takes off ingot.
In above-mentioned steps D, alloy preform is rolled into a diameter of 8mm disk member silk material；Cold-drawing process in the step F is According to silk material diameter：8mm -7mm -6mm -5mm -4.2mm -3.5mm -2.8mm -2.4mm, carries out wire drawing and divides successively Pickling is not carried out in a diameter of 7mm of silk material and a diameter of 2.8mm of silk material with sulfuric acid.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, realize that the present invention also provides a kind of preparation side by above-mentioned nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal Nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal made from method.
The present invention has positive effect：
（1）Si elements in welding wire are conducive to forming oxide-film on the surface of weld seam, improve antioxygen of the weld seam in high temperature The property changed, while Si or good deoxidier, it is possible to increase the mobility of slag and fusing metal.But it is general Si contents easily produce for 1% to 2%, Si too high levels and form slag inclusion in Cr28Ni48W5 alloys, and On Impact Toughness also has shadow Ring.The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention has carried out strict control to the Si elements in alloying component, is conducive to improving material Plasticity, in order to which alloy to be processed into thinner welding wire.
（2）Mn elements in welding wire are good desulfurizing agents, while being also solution strengthening element, can improve the strong of weld seam Degree and hardness, but Mn contents are 1.5% or so in general Cr28Ni48W5 alloys.The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention is to alloy Mn elements in composition have carried out strict control, are conducive to improving the plasticity of material, thinner in order to which alloy is processed into Welding wire.
（3）Alloying component is optimized the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention, and Ni, Cr, W these three essential elements are matched somebody with somebody Than the welding performance that ensure that welding wire.The content of the elements such as Co, Mo, Ti, Al is controlled, the plasticity for being also beneficial to improve material is easy to Alloy is processed into thinner welding wire.
（4）The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention strictly controls Mn and Si content, but Mn and Si combined deoxidations are most Effective deoxidation mode, in order to ensure while Mn and Si content reduction, other performances of welding wire not to be influenceed, the present invention exists In preparation process, using the technique of vacuum metling, attenuating gas content and harmful element content are advantageously reduced, may with season The elements such as Al, Ti of presence are not oxidizable.The present invention additionally uses electroslag remelting process in preparation process, is conducive to purification gold Category, significantly removes that pure alloy after non-metallic inclusion, electroslag remelting, dense structure, composition be uniform, any surface finish, can be with So that the quality and performance of alloy pig are improved, make the plasticity under low temperature, room temperature and the high temperature of alloy and impact flexibility enhancing, Alloy pig is processed into can effectively improve lumber recovery compared with thin welding wire.The present invention electroslag remelting slag system according to alloy into Divide and selected, preferably CaF2:Al2O3:CaO = 80:15:5 so that fusing point, electrical conductivity, viscosity with alloying component phase Matching, can farthest purify alloy.
（5）The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention additionally uses the technique that hydrogen is moved back in preparation process, can reduce welding wire Hardness, improves plasticity, eliminates internal stress, thinning microstructure and elimination tissue odds and property so that evenly, surface is thin for grain structure Greasy, light, welding wire is soft, without magnetic, fatigue resistance be good, stretching force is big.
（6）The present invention nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal use the trade mark for Cr28Ni48W5 nickel-base alloy, by alloying component with The optimization of manufacturing process, can be made below diameter 3mm welding wire, lumber recovery is more than 96%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component and mass percent of alloy are C：0.41%、Mn：1.02%、Si： 0.57%、P：0.02%、S：0.02%、Cr：28.32%、Ni：49.58%、Co：0.08%、Mo：0.09%、Ti：0.08%、Al： 0.07%、W：4.81%th, remaining is iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is comprised the following steps that：
A. alloy melting, carries out dispensing, by the original after surface derusting and greasy dirt according to the component of alloy and mass percent In material input vaccum sensitive stove, after charging is finished, start to vacuumize, until when pressure reaches 0.67Pa, starting power transmission heating furnace Material, temperature control is at 1600 DEG C or so, and vacuum degree control is in 0.1~1Pa, after furnace charge is melting down, and appropriate block stone is added immediately Ink or other high-carbon materials are carried out after reaction between carbon and oxygen, abundant deoxidation, degassing, volatilization field trash, are added intermediate alloy fragment, are added Afterwards with high-power stirring 2min, accelerate the fusing of alloy and be evenly distributed, because Mn volatility is stronger, typically before tapping 5min is added, and after alloying, temperature and composition are qualified i.e. pourable, and tapping temperature is 1590 DEG C.Pour into a diameter of 80mm Electrode bar.
B. electroslag remelting, using the electroslag remelting equipment of prior art, the surface of electrode bar is carried out after grinding process to make For in consutrode insertion slag, slag uses CaF2、Al2O3, CaO slag systems, CaF in slag system2Mass percentage content be 80%, Al2O3Mass percentage content be 15%, CaO mass percentage content be 5%, electric current 2100A~2300A, steel ingot Bind feeding electric current 0A~1500A, and bind time 3min~5min, and the cooling 5min that has a power failure takes off ingot, and normal temperature is cooled in atmosphere, Obtain alloy pig.
C. hot forging, alloy pig is put into the heating furnace of initial temperature≤600 DEG C and heated, and is warming up to 1230 DEG C Forged after left and right, insulation 60min, be forged into 50mm × 50mm square alloy preform, normal temperature is cooled in atmosphere.
D. hot-roll annealing, after alloy preform figuring of surface, is heated to 1100 DEG C or so progress hot rollings, is rolled into a diameter of 8mm disk member silk material, is cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere.
E. pickling, reconditioning, pickling is carried out by disk member silk material with sulfuric acid, then finishing polishing.
F. it is cold drawn, using existing cold-drawing process, according to silk material diameter：8mm—7mm—6mm—5mm—4.2mm— 3.5mm -2.8mm -2.4mm, carries out wire drawing and the respectively sulphur in a diameter of 7mm of silk material and silk material a diameter of 2.8mm successively Acid carries out pickling.
G. hydrogen is moved back, and the disk member silk material after cold drawn processing is warming up into 1050 DEG C of progress hydrogen moves back processing, and hydrogen is moved back and aligned after processing.
Embodiment 2
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component and mass percent of alloy are C：0.45%、Mn：1.18%、Si： 0.15%、P：0.02%、S：0.02%、Cr：29.51%、Ni：50.32%、Co：0.08%、Mo：0.09%、Ti：0.08%、Al： 0.07%、W：4.15%th, remaining is iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component and mass percent of alloy are C：0.42%、Mn：1.12%、Si： 0.50%、P：0.02%、S：0.02%、Cr：29.22%、Ni：50.06%、Co：0.08%、Mo：0.09%、Ti：0.08%、Al： 0.07%、W：4.53%th, remaining is iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component and mass percent of alloy are C：0.41%、Mn：1.03%、Si： 0.45%、P：0.02%、S：0.02%、Cr：29.50%、Ni：50%、Co：0.03%、Mo：0.06%、Ti：0.07%、Al：0.02%、W： 4.89%th, remaining is iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 5
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment, the component and mass percent of alloy are C：0.42%、Mn：1.10%、Si： 0.33%、P：0.02%、S：0.01%、Cr：29.19%、Ni：50.68%、Co：0.03%、Mo：0.05%、Ti：0.02%、Al： 0.04%、W：4.26%th, remaining is iron.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present embodiment is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 1（Trial-production）
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of this comparative example, the component and mass percent of alloy are C：0.51%、Mn：1.40%、Si： 1.78%、P：0.02%、S：0.01%、Cr：29.23%、Ni：48.68%、Co：0.02%、Mo：0.03%、Ti：0.02%、Al： 0.05%、W：4.54%th, remaining is iron.The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of this comparative example meets the trade mark：Cr28Ni48W5 nickel-base alloys into Divide and require.
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of this comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：Silk material is straight When footpath is drawn to 3.5mm, pass through, but silk material diameter is when being drawn to 2.8mm, frequently occurs the phenomenon broken, it is impossible to after It is continuous to carry out drawing.
1st, welding wire surface quality.
The nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal any surface finish of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 5, without cut, crackle, pit, pit.
2nd, welding technological properties.
With the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 5 to 1Cr18Ni9Ti 8mm stainless steel plates, butt welding is carried out Seam welding, easily, electric arc is steady, weld seam flawless for striking.
A diameter of 2.4mm nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal is made in the method for the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 5, its lumber recovery 96% with On, the requirement for the nickel-base alloy solder that the trade mark is Cr28Ni48W5 is fully achieved in welding performance.
Nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal of the present invention and preparation method thereof is not limited to the various embodiments described above.Obviously, above-described embodiment Example of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For affiliated For the those of ordinary skill in field, it can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description. There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And these belong to the present invention spirit extend out it is aobvious and easy Among the change or variation seen are still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of method for preparing nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. alloy melting：It is C according to the component and mass percent of alloy：0.41%, Mn：1.02%, Si：0.57%, P：0.02%, S：0.02%, Cr：28.32%, Ni：49.58%, Co：0.08%, Mo：0.09%, Ti：0.08%, Al：0.07%, W：4.81%, remaining For iron, dispensing is carried out, raw material is put into vaccum sensitive stove and carried out after melting, electrode bar is poured into；
B. electroslag remelting：Using electroslag remelting equipment, inserted after the surface of electrode bar is carried out into grinding process as consutrode In slag, slag uses CaF2、Al2O3, CaO slag systems, CaF in slag system2Mass percentage content be 80%, Al2O3Quality The mass percentage content that degree is 15%, CaO is 5%, and the cooling 5min that has a power failure takes off ingot, and normal temperature is cooled in atmosphere, Obtain alloy pig；
C. hot forging：Alloy pig is put into the heating furnace of initial temperature≤600 DEG C and heated, 1230 DEG C, guarantor are warming up to Forged after warm 60min, be forged into alloy preform, normal temperature is cooled in atmosphere；
D. hot-roll annealing：1100 DEG C of progress hot rollings are heated to, disk member silk material is rolled into, normal temperature is cooled in atmosphere；
E. pickling, reconditioning：Disk member silk material is subjected to pickling with sulfuric acid, then finishing polishing；
F. it is cold drawn：Using existing cold-drawing process, disk member silk material is progressively drawn and attenuated, until silk material diameter≤3mm；
G. hydrogen is moved back：Disk member silk material hydrogen after cold drawn processing is moved back into processing；
A diameter of 80mm of the electrode bar；
In the step D, alloy preform is rolled into a diameter of 8mm disk member silk material；Cold-drawing process in the step F be according to Silk material diameter：8mm -7mm -6mm -5mm -4.2mm -3.5mm -2.8mm -2.4mm, carries out wire drawing and exists respectively successively During a diameter of 7mm of the silk material and a diameter of 2.8mm of silk material pickling is carried out with sulfuric acid.
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CN201410207771.8A Active CN103949805B (en) 2014-05-17 2014-05-17 A kind of method preparing nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal
CN201610139602.4A Active CN105537807B (en) 2014-05-17 2014-05-17 The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal below diameter 3mm is made
CN201610110486.3A Active CN105562964B (en) 2014-05-17 2014-05-17 The method compared with thin welding wire is made for Cr28Ni48W5 nickel-base alloy for the trade mark
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