CN105562623A - Rapid molding method of sodium silicate sand mould - Google Patents
Rapid molding method of sodium silicate sand mould Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105562623A CN105562623A CN201511027666.7A CN201511027666A CN105562623A CN 105562623 A CN105562623 A CN 105562623A CN 201511027666 A CN201511027666 A CN 201511027666A CN 105562623 A CN105562623 A CN 105562623A
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- Prior art keywords
- sand
- waterglass
- sand mold
- molding
- sodium silicate
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 34
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 34
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 151
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000520 microinjection Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000011415 microwave curing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 125000000174 L-prolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
- B22C15/23—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/167—Mixtures of inorganic and organic binding agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid molding method of a sodium silicate sand mould and belongs to the field of rapid casting. The rapid molding method comprises the following steps: (1), establishing a three-dimensional entity model of a sodium silicate sand mould to be molded, taking the Z axis as the molding direction, and setting molding layer thickness; (2), first, paving one layer of molding sand material, and then spraying an adhesive so as to form the current layer of outline pattern, wherein the adhesive is a mixed solution of sodium silicate and polyvinyl alcohol; (3), carrying out microwave heating on the current layer of outline pattern, and forming the current layer of sand mould outline; (4), stopping microwave heating, and lowering the work table for a height of one layer thickness along the Z axis; and (5), repeating steps (2-4) until the sodium silicate sand mould is molded. The method meets the high requirement of sodium silicate sand hardened through microwave heating on the mould, solves the problems that the surface of the sodium silicate sand mould becomes powdery due to overheating and easily absorbs moisture, and further overcomes the poor feasibility, difficult molding sand storage and difficult molding sand recycling defects of the existing micro-injection bonding sodium silicate sand rapid molding technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to quick cast field, more specifically, the micro-injection bonding relating to a kind of waterglass sand mold (core) increases material manufacturing technology.
Background technology
Green cleaner production is the trend of 21 century machine industry particularly foundary industry technical development.In the three large sand casting such as the clay-bonded sand be widely used at present, water-glass sand and resin sand, water-glass sand mold casting environmental friendliness is the molding sand kind most possibly realizing Green foundry.
The method for curing that water-glass sand is conventional has CO
2air blowing sclerosis, liquid organic ester hardening, heat hardening etc. three kinds.At the CO that application is more
2in hardened sodium silicate sand and ester hardened sodium silicate sand two kinds of techniques, CO
2there is following problem in hardened sodium silicate sand technique: the collapsibility difference of waterglass addition high (it is 6% ~ 8% of molding sand quality), old sand and reuse regeneration difficulty.By contrast, the waterglass addition of ester hardened sodium silicate sand is lower (it is 2.5% ~ 3.5% of molding sand quality), and collapsibility and the reuse reproducibility of its old sand are better than CO greatly
2the water-glass sand of sclerosis.But also there is many shortcomings in the water virus of Ester cured: due to residual ester and residual Na
2o is recycling accumulation impact in process, and the collapsibility and the reuse reproducibility that recycle rear old sand have degradating trend.Practice and research show: reducing waterglass addition, improving waterglass bonding efficiency is the most effectual way overcoming the shortcomings such as water-glass sand old sand collapsibility is poor, peeling is difficult, regenerating used reuse difference.But, when waterglass addition lower than 2.0% time, the collapsibility of its old sand and reuse reproducibility are close to resin bonded sand.At present, waterglass addition can't be realized in production application and be less than 2.0%.
Heat hardening water-glass sand is one of water-glass sand method for curing be comparatively early found, and it can give full play to the bonding efficiency of waterglass, has the advantages such as intensity is high, waterglass addition is few.Common heating Hardening Sodium Silicate sand mold (core) inside is not easily dried, type (core) sand top layer is subject to again paint baking over and efflorescence, and thermal energy consumption is large, firm time is long.And heating using microwave hardened sodium silicate sand technique can overcome the shortcoming of common conductive formula heating water virus, there is fast, handling good, the advantage such as the cost of raw material is low of homogeneous heating, firing rate.Heating using microwave hardened sodium silicate sand remains the advantage of water-glass sand, overcomes again existing CO
2the shortcoming of hardened sodium silicate sand and ester hardened sodium silicate sand.
The main bugbear of heating using microwave hardened sodium silicate sand application is: the waterglass sand mold (core) after sclerosis has extremely strong hygroscopicity, and the hardening strength parking the microwave heating waterglass sand mold of 1 ~ 2 hour under air ambient declines fast.In addition, the more difficult instructions for use meeting microwave heating waterglass sand mold of existing mold material, because metal species mold materials can not adopt, the easily temperature distortion such as wooden model and Mold for Plastics.
Number of patent application is the microwave heating method that 200810197391.5 Chinese patent application disclose a kind of waterglass sand mold or core, sand mold is first put into micro-wave oven short time heating (5 seconds ~ 20 seconds heat time) together with mould by it, makes its compression strength be greater than 15KPa (molding intensity) demoulding afterwards; Then secondary microwave heating (heat time is greater than 40 seconds) is carried out to the sand mold not with mould, make it to harden completely, solve microwave heating water-glass sand to the high request of mold materials, but the method Problems existing is: the manufacturing cycle of sand mold and core box longer, high expensive, sand mold through the complexity of the first time heating using microwave demoulding by the strict restriction of sand mold and core box complex structure degree.
Adopt micro-injection bonding forming technique to realize manufacturing fast without modelling of waterglass sand mold (core), significantly can reduce the production cycle of sand mold (core), reduce costs, and be convenient to the heating using microwave sclerosis of sand mold (core).Publication number is a kind of rapid prototyping system and the method that CN104493101A Chinese patent application discloses high accuracy ester sodified water glass sand mold/core, it adopts waterglass and moulding sand mixture as formed powder material, spraying organic ester makes waterglass harden, the subject matter that the method exists is: after waterglass mixes with molding sand, the mobility of molding sand sharply declines, can not form complete layer of sand on workbench surface, technique is difficult to carry out smoothly; In addition, in the layer of sand be first shaped, waterglass solidification can not provide certain intensity to layer of sand too slowly, under the pressure that powder bed produces in deadweight in the above, can be compressed, and this phenomenon is shaped after having a strong impact on after successively amplifying the precision of thickness.And waterglass sand mold needs after being shaped to wait for 1h-8h, and just can complete solidification, its preparation efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art; the invention provides a kind of micro-injection bonding Quick-forming waterglass sand mold (core) method; the original molding sand of certain grain size distribution scope is adopted to be the matrix material be shaped; with the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol for binding agent; be injected in the layer of sand that molding sand sprawls by micro-injection mode by selective for binding agent; adopt microwave heating to make waterglass solidify molding sand and form layer profile, mode successively piles up the waterglass sand mold that can obtain fast and prepare without modelling according to this.The inventive method, without the need to using mould, mixes with waterglass without the need to molding sand, and there is not sodium silicate sand surface efflorescence and easy sucting wet problem, process operability is strong.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method, it is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
(1) according to the appearance profile size of waterglass sand mold to be formed, setting up the three-dimensional entity model of waterglass sand mold to be formed, take Z axis as shaping direction, setting shaping thickness;
(2) first lay one deck molding sand material, recycle shower nozzle at molding sand material surface jet binder to form current layer contour patterns,
Described binding agent is the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol;
(3) heating using microwave is carried out to current layer contour patterns, make waterglass dry solidification and then molding sand material adhesive solidification is become current layer sand mold profile;
(4) stop heating using microwave, workbench moves down a thickness height along Z-direction;
(5) step (2) ~ (4) are repeated until waterglass sand mold is shaped.
In above inventive concept, the solidification of every one deck water-glass sand adopts microwave heating to realize, microwave heating can make layer of sand be heated evenly, and the waterglass in layer of sand can be made fast and efficiently at the uniform velocity to solidify, and prevents internal stress and makes the layer of sand generation tilting distortion that bonds.
In Practical Project practice, the power of heating using microwave is 300W ~ 2000W, microwave heating equipment is placed in directly over workbench, when it drops to workbench surface, can seal workbench, prevent microwave leakage, carrying out the microwave curing time to each layer of molding sand material and the binding agent be injected on this layer of molding sand material is 1s ~ 4s.After step (5) completes, namely when after the shaping completing last one deck, the heat time of heating using microwave is 30s ~ 60s.After having heated, microwave heating equipment return, directly can take out waterglass sand mold (core) from workbench.
Further, in step (2), in described binding agent, the addition of polyvinyl alcohol is 1% ~ 4% of waterglass quality.Not only limit the amount of polyvinyl alcohol added, do not affect water-glass sand intensity but also waterglass sand mold moisture absorption in waterglass dehydration efflorescence and later stage put procedure in microwave heating process can be prevented.
Further, in step (2), the viscosity of described binding agent is less than 10mPas.
Further, in step (2), the surface tension of described binding agent is 40mN/m ~ 70mN/m.
Further, described binding agent injection volume is once 10% ~ 50% of the current layer of sand voidage of correspondence.
Further, in step (2), the sweep speed of described shower nozzle is 0.5m/s ~ 2m/s.
Further, in step (2), described molding sand material comprise clean in silica sand, nice foundry sand and zircon sand one or more.Described molding sand material is conventional cast molding sand, such as cleans silica sand, nice foundry sand, zircon sand etc., molding sand material not with any binding agent or curing agent premix, can be convenient to store and recycle, and can prevent from significantly reducing mobility, in order to avoid impact paving opaque amount.
Further, in step (2), described molding sand material particle size range is 70 order ~ 240 orders.
Further, in step (1), setting shaping thickness is 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm.
Further, in step (2), paving powder speed when laying one deck molding sand material is 0.1m/s ~ 0.5m/s.
Above to the restriction of the sweep speed of microwave heating, microwave power, microwave heating time, binding agent viscosity, surface tension, shower nozzle, molding sand material particle diameter, shaping thickness and paving powder speed, can ensure that the waterglass sand mold (core) be shaped has best performance.
In the present invention, waterglass sand mold is also referred to as sodium silicate sand core.
Micro-injection bonding Quick-forming waterglass sand mold (core) method in the present invention to be shaped thought based on discrete dynamics models, first the three-dimensional entity model of sand mold is set up, shaping direction and lift height is determined according to the design feature of sand mold, then threedimensional model carried out discrete layering by thickness and be converted to machining control code, the first thickness height that vertically declines of forming workbench, molding sand through the grain that sieves is laid on workbench surface by power spreading device, shower nozzle presses the mixed solution of current layer facial contour header length injection water glass and polyvinyl alcohol on layer of sand surface, microwave launcher directly over workbench declines and seals workbench, launched microwave carries out heating to the layer of sand on workbench surface makes water-glass sand solidify in 1 second ~ 4 seconds, microwave device return, workbench declines a thickness height simultaneously, and so forth until sand mold (core) has been piled up.The method can the waterglass sand mold (core) of any complicated shape of Quick-forming, adopt heating using microwave sclerosis mode that layer of sand can be made to be heated evenly, not easily occur to tilt distortion, well solve the mold materials restricted problem of microwave heating waterglass sand mold (core), and the molding sand used does not add any chemical reagent, be convenient to store and recycle.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial effect:
Micro-injection layering bonding technology and heating using microwave hardening technique combine by the present invention, and with molding sand material and binding agent for raw material, molding sand does not mix with liquid reagent, has good mobility, can ensure density and the surface smoothness of layer of sand.Add polyvinyl alcohol in water glass solution and form binding agent, effectively can reduce waterglass sand mold (core) wettability power at normal temperatures, polyvinyl alcohol also can effectively reduce waterglass sand mold (core) surperficial powder phenomenon-tion as binding agent.Every one deck water-glass sand is all hardened by microwave heating, can make molding sand consolidation fast and have certain compression strength, also can improve Z axis layering precision.
Adopt micro-injection layering bonding shaping water-glass sand type (core), reduce the manufacture difficulty of complicated sand mold (core), significantly improve the forming efficiency of new cast product.Adopt heating using microwave hardened sodium silicate sand, can significantly reduce waterglass addition, and water-glass sand hardening rate can be improved.Micro-injection bonding RP technique is adopted to combine with microwave heating technique, overcome existing microwave heating water-glass sand (core) to the high request of mold materials and surperficial efflorescence and easy sucting wet problem, also overcome existing micro-injection bonding Quick-forming water virus feasibility poor, molding sand mixes with waterglass and stores afterwards and problem that recovery difficult is large.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 (a) is sodium silicate sand core contour structures schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (b) is waterglass sand mold shaping direction schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the gear prototype schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention middle gear sand mold.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the inventive method, and as seen from the figure, it comprises step main as follows:
(1) according to the appearance profile size of waterglass sand mold (core) to be formed, set up the three-dimensional entity model of waterglass sand mold (core) to be formed in a computer, take Z axis as shaping direction, setting shaping thickness is 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm.
(2) first lay one deck molding sand material, paving powder speed when laying one deck molding sand material is 0.1m/s ~ 0.5m/s.Recycling shower nozzle is at molding sand material surface jet binder to form current layer contour patterns, and described binding agent is the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol.In described binding agent, the addition of polyvinyl alcohol is 1% ~ 4% of waterglass quality.The viscosity of binding agent is less than 10mPas, and the surface tension of binding agent is 40mN/m ~ 70mN/m, and binding agent injection volume is once 10% ~ 50% of the current layer molding sand material voidage of correspondence.The sweep speed of shower nozzle is 0.5m/s ~ 2m/s.Molding sand material comprise clean in silica sand, nice foundry sand and zircon sand one or more.Molding sand material not with any binding agent or curing agent premix, can be convenient to store and recycle, and can prevent from significantly reducing mobility, in order to avoid impact paving opaque amount.Molding sand material particle size range is 70 order ~ 240 orders.
(3) heating using microwave is carried out to current layer contour patterns, make waterglass dry solidification and then molding sand material adhesive solidification is become current layer sand mold profile.The power of heating using microwave is 300W ~ 2000W, microwave heating equipment is placed in directly over workbench, when it drops to workbench surface, can seal workbench, prevent microwave leakage, carrying out the microwave curing time to each layer of molding sand material and the binding agent be injected on this layer of molding sand material is 1s ~ 4s.
(4) stop heating using microwave, workbench moves down a thickness height along Z-direction;
(5) step (2) ~ (4) are repeated until waterglass sand mold is shaped.After step (5) completes, namely when after the shaping completing last one deck, the heat time of heating using microwave is 30s ~ 60s.After having heated, microwave heating equipment return, directly can take out waterglass sand mold from workbench.
In order to further description the inventive method, set forth further with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
Utilize the inventive method to be shaped 70 order ~ 140 order mound core blades, blade height 78.5mm, maximum race diameter is 170mm, Fig. 2 is waterglass nice foundry sand core contour structures schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed process is as follows:
(1) according to the appearance profile size of sodium silicate sand core to be formed, being set up the three-dimensional entity model of sodium silicate sand core to be formed by pro/E software, take Z axis as shaping direction, and setting shaping thickness is 0.18mm.
(2) first lay one deck molding sand material, paving powder speed when laying one deck molding sand material is 0.4m/s.Recycling shower nozzle is at molding sand material surface jet binder to form current layer contour patterns, and described binding agent is the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol.In described binding agent, the addition of polyvinyl alcohol is 1.5% of waterglass quality.The viscosity of binding agent is 8mPas, and the surface tension of binding agent is 45mN/m, and binding agent injection volume is once 15% of the current layer molding sand material voidage of correspondence.。The sweep speed of shower nozzle is 1.5m/s.Molding sand material is nice foundry sand.Molding sand material particle size range is 70 order ~ 140 orders.
(3) heating using microwave is carried out to current layer contour patterns, make waterglass dry solidification and then molding sand material adhesive solidification is become current layer sand mold profile.The power of heating using microwave is 600W.Microwave heating equipment is placed in directly over workbench, and when it drops to workbench surface, can seal workbench, prevent microwave leakage, carrying out the microwave curing time to each layer of molding sand material and the binding agent be injected on this layer of molding sand material is 4s.
(4) stop heating using microwave, workbench moves down a thickness height along Z-direction;
(5) step (2) ~ (4) are repeated until waterglass sand mold is shaped.After step (5) completes, namely when after the shaping completing last one deck, the heat time of heating using microwave is 55s.After having heated, microwave heating equipment return, directly can take out sodium silicate sand core from workbench.And its surface is cleared up, obtain waterglass mound core.
Embodiment 2
Utilize the inventive method to be shaped 140 order ~ 240 order zircon sand core blades, blade height 78.5mm, maximum race diameter is 170mm, Fig. 2 is sodium silicate sand core contour structures schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed process is as follows:
(1) according to the appearance profile size of sodium silicate sand core to be formed, being set up the three-dimensional entity model of sodium silicate sand core to be formed by pro/E software, take Z axis as shaping direction, and setting shaping thickness is 0.12mm.
(2) first lay one deck molding sand material, paving powder speed when laying one deck molding sand material is 0.1m/s.Recycling shower nozzle is at molding sand material surface jet binder to form current layer contour patterns, and described binding agent is the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol.In described binding agent, the addition of polyvinyl alcohol is 4% of waterglass quality.The viscosity of binding agent is less than 8mPas, and the surface tension of binding agent is 65mN/m, and binding agent injection volume is once 45% of the current layer molding sand material voidage of correspondence.The sweep speed of shower nozzle is 0.5m/s.Molding sand material is zircon sand.Molding sand material particle size range is 140 order ~ 240 orders.
(3) heating using microwave is carried out to current layer contour patterns, make waterglass dry solidification and then molding sand material adhesive solidification is become current layer sand mold profile.The power of heating using microwave is 1500W.Microwave heating equipment is placed in directly over workbench, and when it drops to workbench surface, can seal workbench, prevent microwave leakage, carrying out the microwave curing time to each layer of molding sand material and the water glass solution be injected on this layer of molding sand material is 2s.
(4) stop heating using microwave, workbench moves down a thickness height along Z-direction;
(5) step (2) ~ (4) are repeated until waterglass sand mold is shaped.After step (5) completes, namely when after the shaping completing last one deck, the heat time of heating using microwave is 40s.After having heated, microwave heating equipment return, directly can take out sodium silicate sand core from workbench.And its surface is cleared up, obtain waterglass zircon sand core.
Embodiment 3
Utilize the inventive method to be shaped the sand mold of a straight spur gear, gear height 50mm, maximum race diameter is 300mm, Fig. 3 is straight spur gear contour structures schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed process is as follows:
(1) according to straight spur gear proterties and forming process conditions, set up the three-dimensional entity model of gear waterglass sand mold by pro/E Software for Design, be highly 800mm, length and width are 340mm, take Z axis as shaping direction, setting shaping thickness is 0.25mm.
(2) first lay one deck molding sand material, paving powder speed when laying one deck molding sand material is 0.3m/s.Recycling shower nozzle is at molding sand material surface jet binder to form current layer contour patterns, and described binding agent is the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol.In described binding agent, the addition of polyvinyl alcohol is 3% of waterglass quality.The viscosity of binding agent is less than 7mPas, and the surface tension of binding agent is 56mN/m, and binding agent injection volume is once 30% of the current layer molding sand material voidage of correspondence.The sweep speed of shower nozzle is 1m/s.Molding sand material is zircon sand.Molding sand material particle size range is 100 order ~ 200 orders.
(3) heating using microwave is carried out to current layer contour patterns, make waterglass dry solidification and then molding sand material adhesive solidification is become current layer sand mold profile.The power of heating using microwave is 1000W, microwave heating equipment is placed in directly over workbench, when it drops to workbench surface, can seal workbench, prevent microwave leakage, carrying out the microwave curing time to each layer of molding sand material and the binding agent be injected on this layer of molding sand material is 3s.
(4) stop heating using microwave, workbench moves down a thickness height along Z-direction;
(5) step (2) ~ (4) are repeated until waterglass sand mold is shaped.After step (5) completes, namely when after the shaping completing last one deck, the heat time of heating using microwave is 30s.After having heated, microwave heating equipment return, directly can take out waterglass sand mold from workbench.And its surface is cleared up.
In the present invention, the original molding sand adopting certain grain size distribution scope is formed powder material, with the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol for binding agent, by micro-injection mode, binding agent is injected in original layer of sand, adopt microwave heating that waterglass dehydration is solidified and the original molding sand that bonds, thus formation layer profile, according to this mode successively stack shaping, obtain waterglass sand mold (core).Heating using microwave hardened sodium silicate sand can make the addition of waterglass be down to less than 1.5%.Waterglass addition significantly reduces, then old sand collapsibility performance promotes, and peeling difficulty, reuse regeneration difficulty then significantly reduce.Heating using microwave hardened sodium silicate sand technique can overcome the shortcoming of common conductive formula heating water virus, has fast, handling good, the advantage such as the cost of raw material is low of homogeneous heating, firing rate.Heating using microwave hardened sodium silicate sand remains the advantage of water-glass sand, overcomes again existing CO
2the respective shortcoming of hardened sodium silicate sand and ester hardened sodium silicate sand.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a waterglass sand mold quick forming method, is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
(1) according to the appearance profile size of waterglass sand mold to be formed, setting up the three-dimensional entity model of waterglass sand mold to be formed, take Z axis as shaping direction, setting shaping thickness;
(2) first lay one deck molding sand material, recycle shower nozzle at molding sand material surface jet binder to form current layer contour patterns,
Described binding agent is the mixed solution of waterglass and polyvinyl alcohol;
(3) heating using microwave is carried out to current layer contour patterns, make waterglass dry solidification and then molding sand material adhesive solidification is become current layer sand mold profile;
(4) stop heating using microwave, workbench moves down a thickness height along Z-direction;
(5) step (2) ~ (4) are repeated until waterglass sand mold is shaped.
2. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), in described binding agent, the addition of polyvinyl alcohol is 1% ~ 4% of waterglass quality.
3. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), the viscosity of described binding agent is less than 10mPas.
4. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the surface tension of described binding agent is 40mN/m ~ 70mN/m.
5. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), described binding agent injection volume is once 10% ~ 50% of the current layer molding sand material voidage of correspondence.
6. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method as described in claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the sweep speed of described shower nozzle is 0.5m/s ~ 2m/s.
7. a kind of waterglass sand mold (core) quick forming method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), heating using microwave power is 300W ~ 2000W, and the heat time is 1s ~ 4s.
8. a kind of waterglass sand mold (core) quick forming method as described in claim 1 or 7, it is characterized in that, after last one deck jet binder completes, microwave heating time is 30s ~ 60s.
9. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method as described in claim 1,6 or 7, is characterized in that, in described step (2), described molding sand material comprise clean in silica sand, nice foundry sand and zircon sand one or more.
10. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming method as described in claim 1,2 or 5, is characterized in that, in described step (2), described molding sand material particle size range is 70 order ~ 240 orders.
11. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), setting shaping thickness is 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm.
12. a kind of waterglass sand mold quick forming methods as described in claim 1,9 or 11, is characterized in that, in described step (2), paving powder speed when laying one deck molding sand material is 0.1m/s ~ 0.5m/s.
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| CN114890814A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-08-12 | 共享智能装备有限公司 | Inorganic resin for thermal foaming process and preparation method thereof |
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