CN105557634A - 无角黑山羊的选育方法 - Google Patents
无角黑山羊的选育方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 208000027877 Disorders of Sex Development Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000021267 infertility disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007894 restriction fragment length polymorphism technique Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
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- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无角黑山羊的选育方法。本发明通过先确定父母代山羊的基因型,再确定选育选配的种公羊和种母羊,达到精确选育,确保选育选配的个体基因纯和精确,完全淘汰掉含有有角基因型(P′)的个体。避免不必要的浪费,缩短选育的时间,提高选育的效率,杜绝***不育的间性羊出现。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及畜牧技术领域,尤其是一种无角黑山羊的选育方法。
背景技术
目前对无角黑山羊的选育方法为根据黑山羊后代个体羊角的有无确定是否留种,如果母羊和羔羊都是无角黑山羊,则父母代山羊和后代羔羊都留种,如果后代为有角山羊,则父母代山羊和羔羊均不留种。
但是,这样的选育方式存在如下问题:
1、选育比较粗旷,容易将本来很纯的无角黑山羊个体淘汰掉,造成纯种优良个体资源的浪费;
2、山羊羊角的有无,是由3个复等位基因控制,无角基因P,有角基因P′和在雄性激素作用下才起作用的有角基因p。P对P′和p都呈显性,P′对p呈不完全显性。常规选育方法无法准确确定基因型,如果后代中有母羊为pp基因型,又因为母羊缺乏雄性激素,所以就会造成选育的后代无角黑山羊形成***不育的间性羊,对肉羊生产造成巨大浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:提供一种无角黑山羊的选育方法,它能达到精确选育,确保后代都为无角黑山羊,并且后代个体中不会出现***不育的间性羊。
本发明是这样实现的:无角黑山羊的选育方法,包括如下步骤:
1)组建选育基础群:通过表观特征筛选挑选无角黑山羊种母羊及无角黑山羊种公羊,母羊与公羊的比例为:20:1;
2)分子鉴定:利用PCR-RFLP技术方法确定无角黑山羊的基因型为PP的无角黑山羊留为种羊,淘汰带有P′或者p基因型的无角黑山羊个体;
3)选留选配:将通过步骤2)选留的种羊按照公母比1:20的比例建立8个家系的群体内选育基础群;
4)连续四个世代的选留:通过联系四个世代的选留选配,观察后代个体是否会出现有角特征和是否会出现***不育的间性羊。
5)形成纯繁选育核心群:经过步骤4)连续四个世代的选留后,没有出现有角个体和***不育的间性羊个体,则确定所形成的核心群为纯和无角黑山羊基础选育核心群。
由于采用了上述技术方案,与现有技术相比,本发明通过先确定父母代山羊的基因型,再确定选育选配的种公羊和种母羊,达到精确选育,确保选育选配的个体基因纯和精确,完全淘汰掉含有有角基因型(P′)的个体。避免不必要的浪费,缩短选育的时间,提高选育的效率,杜绝***不育的间性羊出现。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例1:无角黑山羊的选育方法,包括如下步骤:
1)组建选育基础群:通过表观特征筛选挑选无角黑山羊种母羊及无角黑山羊种公羊,母羊与公羊的比例为:20:1。
2)分子鉴定:利用PCR-RFLP技术方法确定无角黑山羊的基因型为PP的无角黑山羊留为种羊,淘汰带有P′或者p基因型的无角黑山羊个体;
3)选留选配:将通过步骤2)选留的种羊按照公母比1:20的比例,采用同期发情与人工授精技术,建立8个家系的群体内选育基础群;
4)连续四个世代的选留:通过联系四个世代的选留选配,观察后代个体是否会出现有角特征和是否会出现***不育的间性羊。
5)形成纯繁选育核心群:经过步骤4)连续四个世代的选留后,没有出现有角个体和***不育的间性羊个体,则确定所形成的核心群为纯和无角黑山羊基础选育核心群。
本选育方案得到“得到黔科合J字LKN【2013】02号项目、以及国家肉羊产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站”的资助。并从2011年至今,在贵州省畜牧兽医研究所和贵州宏宇畜牧技术发展有限公司的麦坪基地种羊场实施。
采用本发明的方案,在300只无角黑山羊基础能繁母羊和15只无角黑山羊种公羊连续四个世代的后代群体中选育观察,截止2015年底,在连续四个世代的贵州无角黑山羊个体中没有出现一例有角的黑山羊个体,也没有出现一只***不育的间性羊。说明通过本技术选的无角黑山羊可以到达后代100%为无角,并且后代中100%不含有***不育的间性羊的目的。
Claims (1)
1.一种无角黑山羊的选育方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
1)组建选育基础群:通过表观特征筛选挑选无角黑山羊种母羊及无角黑山羊种公羊,母羊与公羊的比例为:20:1;
2)分子鉴定:利用PCR-RFLP技术方法确定无角黑山羊的基因型为PP的无角黑山羊留为种羊,淘汰带有P′或者p基因型的无角黑山羊个体;
3)选留选配:将通过步骤2)选留的种羊按照公母比1:20的比例建立8个家系的群体内选育基础群;
4)连续四个世代的选留:通过联系四个世代的选留选配,观察后代个体是否会出现有角特征和是否会出现***不育的间性羊;
5)形成纯繁选育核心群:经过步骤4)连续四个世代的选留后,没有出现有角个体和***不育的间性羊个体,则确定所形成的核心群为纯和无角黑山羊基础选育核心群。
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CN106212380A (zh) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 青岛农业大学 | 一种小尾寒羊选优提纯方法 |
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CN101861849A (zh) * | 2010-06-29 | 2010-10-20 | 河南科技大学 | 一种努伏山羊新品系的培育方法 |
CN103404483A (zh) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-27 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | 甘肃肉用绵羊多胎品系的培育方法 |
CN103444622A (zh) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-12-18 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | 无角高山美利奴羊品系的培育方法 |
CN104186403A (zh) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-12-10 | 河南科技大学 | 一种农本羊的杂交培育方法 |
CN105379671A (zh) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-03-09 | 青岛农业大学 | 一种无角崂山奶山羊的生产方法 |
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CN101861849A (zh) * | 2010-06-29 | 2010-10-20 | 河南科技大学 | 一种努伏山羊新品系的培育方法 |
CN103404483A (zh) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-27 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | 甘肃肉用绵羊多胎品系的培育方法 |
CN103444622A (zh) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-12-18 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | 无角高山美利奴羊品系的培育方法 |
CN104186403A (zh) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-12-10 | 河南科技大学 | 一种农本羊的杂交培育方法 |
CN105379671A (zh) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-03-09 | 青岛农业大学 | 一种无角崂山奶山羊的生产方法 |
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CN106212380A (zh) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 青岛农业大学 | 一种小尾寒羊选优提纯方法 |
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