CN105553320A - Three-phase inverter drive method and device employing SPWM control - Google Patents
Three-phase inverter drive method and device employing SPWM control Download PDFInfo
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- CN105553320A CN105553320A CN201610061723.1A CN201610061723A CN105553320A CN 105553320 A CN105553320 A CN 105553320A CN 201610061723 A CN201610061723 A CN 201610061723A CN 105553320 A CN105553320 A CN 105553320A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase inverter drive method and device employing SPWM control. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the current intensity and direction of a current which flows outside from the intersection of an emitter of an upper bridge arm component and a collector of a lower bridge arm component; determining a target drive module to be located in a working state from a first drive module and a second drive module according to the current intensity and direction; generating an enable signal of controlling the target drive module; and transmitting the enable signal to the target drive module, and changing an original all-time uninterrupted work mode into an intermittent work mode. The drive method and device greatly reduce power consumption of switch tubes and drive circuits and avoid the problem that the maximum withstand voltage spike of an IGBT grid is exceeded due to upper bridge and lower bridge-driven intercoupling and positive interference superposition of drive signals caused by electromagnetic radiation generated by the high current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Driven by inverter method, be specifically related to the three-phase inverter driving method that a kind of SPWM controls.
Background technology
SPWM refers to sinusoidal pulse width modulation technology, all adopt this technical method to the width of the inverter bridge circuit of six road IGBT switching tubes formations according to the regular modulation voltage pulse output of control algolithm in three-phase inverter, it is made to change by sine wave period, the alternating voltage making direct voltage be transformed into pulse duration to change by sinusoidal rule, pulse voltage is through motor inductances, form more level and smooth sine-wave current, can operate by drive motors, realize inversion and the frequency conversion of electric power.
Current technical scheme is when driving IGBT switching tube, independent 3 paired pulses that six road drive singal are produced by the comparing unit of 3 band dead zone function able to programme in the event manager module EV in dsp controller export and drive, often pair of output is the upper and lower bridge arm IGBT driving same phase place respectively, drive singal negate under certain dead zone function condition of upper and lower bridge, make to only have an IGBT open-minded each time, wait for through Dead Time after one of them IGBT turns off and open another IGBT again, driven.Two drive singal viewed from whole time course, except Dead Time during upper and lower bridge commutation is the low level drive singal that all turns off of two IGBT, upper and lower two the IGBT drive singal of other times are pulses that logic level contrary is each other formed.Each phase of three-phase inversion all drives by upper and lower bridge interlocking opposite logic, the pulse voltage that each IGBT is subject to exporting in strict accordance with the carrier frequency of phase in whole inversion drives, no matter under up till now which kind of state IGBT is in, under the carrier wave condition of 10K, each IGBT will by drive singal control switch 10K time in 1 seconds.This driving method to IGBT is commonly used in various inverter controller, and no matter how superior its control algolithm is, space vector of voltage or current phasor algorithm, finally mode all for this reason on the drived control of bridge up and down of same phase.
Existing shortcoming is, when being applied to inversion output, after the pulse voltage exported eventually passes through inductive load, form continuous print near sinusoidal ripple electric current, in commutation process, electric current can not be undergone mutation in inductive load, IGBT always has be in anti-phase afterflow conducting the cycle time of half, now in fact uncontrollable its of the on off state of the driving gate pole of IGBT is opened or turns off (because electric current only can by the diode of its reverse parallel connection, can not by the communication channel of IGBT), the drive pulse signal of such Push And Release does not now not only act on control objectives, drive the power consumption that all must consume drive circuit on the contrary each time, the change in voltage driven each time may produce coupling and interference to other close circuit on circuit boards, the charge and discharge process of the insulation gate charge of IGBT produces certain electric energy loss equally, simultaneously, electric current in afterflow process can pass through by little increase again by the peak change process reduced greatly, based on the principle that size of current is directly proportional to the electric field strength of generation, the brachium pontis produced near the increase of electric current and peak value or loop interference can be added to and originally be in the gate electrode drive signals of freewheeling state, and annoyance level increases with electric current and strengthens, when Downward addition value just may exist higher than during driving grid withstand voltage the risk causing IGBT to damage, these problems are all the risk and difficult point that face when drive circuit designs, especially in more powerful inverter circuit design.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, the object of the invention is to the three-phase inverter driving method proposing a kind of SPWM control, the IGBT drive singal shielding of reverse freewheeling state will be in, the modulated carrier umber of pulse of a sine wave period can be reduced close to half, and the control performance that inversion exports is unaffected; While the driving loss this approach reducing IGBT drive circuit and part IGBT switching loss, also avoid intercoupling of upper and lower bridge driving, and be there is exceeding the maximum withstand voltage spiking problems of IGBT grid in the Downward addition interference of drive singal in the electromagnetic radiation that big current produces, improve inversion reliability, especially with the obvious advantage in high-power inverter occasion.
The present invention discloses the three-phase inverter driving method that a kind of SPWM controls, and described three-phase inversion implement body comprises: upper brachium pontis, lower brachium pontis, the first driver module, the second driver module; The connected mode that described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis have the three phase semiconductor device for power switching of identical semiconductor power switch device, described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis is identical; Described first driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described upper brachium pontis, and described second driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described lower brachium pontis; The emitter of described upper brachium pontis components and parts is connected with load;
The current strength of the electric current I that brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow out and direction in acquisition;
According to described current strength and direction, determine to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module;
Generate the enable signal controlling described target drives module;
Described enable signal is sent to described target drives module.
Optionally, positive direction is that upper bridge arm current flows to load-side, and negative direction is the sense of current that load-side flows to upper brachium pontis; Described according to described current strength and direction, determine to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module, specifically comprise:
Analyze described current strength and direction, obtain analysis result; Wherein, first direction is the sense of current that upper brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow to load-side, and second direction is the sense of current that load-side flows to upper brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection;
When described analysis result represents that described direction is first direction, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determine that described first driver module is need in running order target drives module;
When described analysis result represents that described direction is second direction, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determine that described second driver module is need in running order target drives module.
Optionally, described according to described current strength and direction, determine to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module, also comprise:
When described analysis result represents that current strength is less than set point, determine that described first driver module and the second driver module are need in running order target drives module.
The three-phase inverter drive unit that SPWM controls, comprising:
Acquisition module, for obtaining current strength and the direction of the electric current I that upper brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow out; Judge module, for according to described current strength and direction, determines to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module; Generation module, for generating the enable signal controlling described target drives module; Sending module, for being sent to described target drives module by described enable signal.
Optionally, also comprise:
Analysis module, for analyzing described current strength and direction, obtains analysis result; First performs determination module, for representing that described direction is first direction when described analysis result, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determines that described first driver module is need in running order target drives module; Second Executive Module, for representing that described direction is second direction when described analysis result, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determines that described second driver module is need in running order target drives module.
Optionally, also comprise: the 3rd Executive Module, when representing that current strength is less than set point for described analysis result, determine that described first driver module and the second driver module are need in running order target drives module.
The three-phase inverter drive circuit that SPWM controls, three brachium pontis, brachium pontis comprises brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis, the first driver module, the second driver module; Upper brachium pontis comprises triode, diode, and the negative electrode of diode is connected with the collector electrode of triode, and anode is connected with the emitter of triode; The emitter of the triode of upper brachium pontis is connected with the collector electrode of the triode of lower brachium pontis; First driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of upper brachium pontis, and the second driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of lower brachium pontis; The emitter of upper brachium pontis components and parts is connected with load; Upper brachium pontis has identical semiconductor power switch device with lower brachium pontis, and upper brachium pontis is identical with the connected mode of the semiconductor power switch device of lower brachium pontis.
The three-phase inverter driving method adopting SPWM of the present invention to control and device, IGBT drive module shielding under freewheeling state is blocked, make it to be in shutoff low level state always, be equivalent to now drive circuit and enter resting state, until afterflow process is just opened at the end of closing on again wake this core concept up; By export current sensor to the detection of current flow polarity, realize the judgement that whether should enter dormancy to certain IGBT concrete, not only reduce drive circuit loss, improve system inversion efficiency, and greatly reduce the risk of drive circuit cause thermal damage and IGBT gate breakdown.
In addition, the driving method of the application gets certain safety allowance near current zero-crossing point, i.e. set point, within the scope of this, do not allow drive circuit enter dormancy, because the electric current of zero crossing is less, external interference is also less, and this mode ensure that the stability of the inventive method, repeatedly starting appears in the critical point that drive circuit can not be allowed to be about in the afterflow of IGBT start and close to an end and changes with the jump of dormancy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the three-phase inverter driving method that SPWM of the present invention controls;
Fig. 2 is system configuration schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the three-phase inverter driving device structure figure realizing SPWM and control of the present invention.
Drawing reference numeral:
1. brachium pontis 4. times brachium pontis on the first driver module 2. second driver module 3.
5. acquisition module 6. judge module 7. generation module 8. sending module
Embodiment
Be described the principle of the application and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
The three-phase inverter driving method that SPWM controls, it is characterized in that, described three-phase inversion implement body comprises: upper brachium pontis, lower brachium pontis, the first driver module, the second driver module; The connected mode that described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis have the three phase semiconductor device for power switching of identical three phase semiconductor device for power switching, described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis is identical; Described first driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described upper brachium pontis, and described second driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described lower brachium pontis; The emitter of described upper brachium pontis components and parts is connected with load;
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the three-phase inverter driving method that SPWM of the present invention controls.As shown in Figure 1, the method can comprise:
Step 101: the current strength of the electric current that brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow out and direction in acquisition;
Step 102: according to described current strength and direction, determines to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module;
Step 103: generate the enable signal controlling described target drives module;
Step 104: described enable signal is sent to described target drives module.
Adopt the three-phase inverter driving method that SPWM of the present invention controls, IGBT drive module shielding under freewheeling state is blocked, make it to be in shutoff low level state always, be equivalent to now drive circuit and enter resting state, until afterflow process is just opened at the end of closing on again wake this core concept up; By export current sensor to the detection of current flow polarity, realize the judgement that whether should enter dormancy to certain IGBT concrete, not only reduce drive circuit loss, raising system inversion efficiency, and the risk beneficial effect greatly reducing drive circuit cause thermal damage and IGBT gate breakdown.
Fig. 2 is system configuration schematic diagram of the present invention, and composition graphs 1 is described the three-phase inverter driving method that SPWM of the present invention controls.
Make an explanation for the bridge up and down of a wherein phase, the drive principle of the upper and lower bridge of other two-phases is identical with it.
When Q1 output current direction is outside as shown in Figure 1, assuming that be now positive direction, it is positive direction that the acquisition module 1 in flow chart as shown in Figure 2 gets electric current I, and is greater than set point I
0, through judge module 2 by judging, determine that the first driver module is target drives module, generation module 3 generates the enable signal of control first driver module, the first driver module is sent to through sending module 4, control Q1 is open-minded, now, second driver module is in resting state, the sustained diode 2 of lower bridge Q2 is reversed cut-off, electric current from Q1 communication channel downwards and output to motor inductances side, have no progeny when upper bridge Q1 closes, inductive current is not because suddenling change, continue to run to equidirectional, Q2 now can be controlled in resting state, negative pressure is adopted to turn off Q2, the electric current of afterflow can force the backward diode conducting of Q2 inside, electric current passes through backward diode, when Q1 opens again, repeat said process.As long as positive direction electric current is in >I in whole process
0region, Q2 need not open, and keeps the resting state turned off always.
Above principle can explain the region of electric current <-I0 equally, controlled by Q1 as resting state, always for negative pressure low level turns off, each Q2 closes and has no progeny, electric current can from bottom to top by the anti-paralleled diode of Q1 inside, and control performance is not affected.
Near current zero-crossing point, because current value is less, for avoiding the erroneous judgement of acquisition module 1 pair of freewheeling state, selecting the electric current I 0 that less, the interval be between-I0 and+I0 not done dormancy and controlling, upper and lower bridge is by former drive singal driven work.Less at this interval electric current, interference is also comparatively zonule, and the loss produced is also because the time is shorter, and number of pulses is less and impact is little.
When IGBT is in backward diode freewheeling state, still apply driving pulse voltage to its grid by fixing driving logic, not only can not change the output characteristic controlling electric current, unnecessary generation drives loss and circuit interference on the contrary, concerning the risk that also there is the superposition of spike interference voltage the driving grid of IGBT, from this inherent shortcoming, adopt drive scheme of the present invention, the IGBT be under reverse freewheeling state is allowed to enter dormancy, not only reduce drive circuit loss, raising system inversion efficiency, and greatly reduce the risk of drive circuit cause thermal damage and IGBT gate breakdown, these are all the useful aspects that the present invention brings, compare former fixing type of drive and there is obvious advantage.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart realizing the three-phase inverter drive unit that SPWM controls of the present invention.
The three-phase inverter drive unit that SPWM controls, comprising:
Acquisition module 301, for obtaining current strength and the direction of the electric current I that upper brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow out;
Judge module 302, for according to described current strength and direction, determines to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module;
Generation module 303, for generating the enable signal controlling described target drives module;
Sending module 304, for being sent to described target drives module by described enable signal.
While the driving loss utilizing this device can reduce IGBT drive circuit greatly and part IGBT switching loss, most important be that of avoiding upper and lower bridge drive between intercoupling, and be there is exceeding the maximum withstand voltage spiking problems of IGBT grid in the Downward addition interference of drive singal in the electromagnetic radiation that big current produces, improve inversion reliability.
When being applied to inverter bridge, principle can adopt control method proposed by the invention and device equally, namely all semiconductor power switch devices are all applicable to this method and device.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the application, not in order to limit the present invention, within all spirit in the application and principle, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., within the protection range that all should be included in the application.
Claims (7)
1. a three-phase inverter driving method for SPWM control, it is characterized in that, described three-phase inversion implement body comprises: upper brachium pontis, lower brachium pontis, the first driver module, the second driver module; The connected mode that described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis have the three phase semiconductor device for power switching of identical semiconductor power switch device, described upper brachium pontis and described lower brachium pontis is identical; Described first driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described upper brachium pontis, and described second driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described lower brachium pontis; The emitter of described upper brachium pontis components and parts is connected with load;
The current strength of the electric current that brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow out and direction in acquisition;
According to described current strength and direction, determine to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module;
Generate the enable signal controlling described target drives module;
Described enable signal is sent to described target drives module.
2. the three-phase inverter driving method of a kind of SPWM control according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first direction is the sense of current that upper brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow to load-side, and second direction is the sense of current that load-side flows to upper brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection; Described according to described current strength and direction, determine to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module, specifically comprise:
Analyze described current strength and direction, obtain analysis result;
When described analysis result represents that described direction is first direction, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determine that described first driver module is need in running order target drives module;
When described analysis result represents that described direction is second direction, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determine that described second driver module is need in running order target drives module.
3. the three-phase inverter driving method of a kind of SPWM control according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described according to described current strength and direction, determine to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module, also comprise:
When described analysis result represents that current strength is less than set point, determine that described first driver module and the second driver module are need in running order target drives module.
4. a three-phase inverter drive unit for SPWM control, is characterized in that, comprising:
Acquisition module, for obtaining current strength and the direction of the electric current I that upper brachium pontis components and parts emitter and lower brachium pontis components and parts collector electrode intersection flow out;
Judge module, for according to described current strength and direction, determines to need in running order target drives module from described first driver module and described second driver module;
Generation module, for generating the enable signal controlling described target drives module;
Sending module, for being sent to described target drives module by described enable signal.
5. the three-phase inverter drive unit of SPWM control according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Analysis module, for analyzing described current strength and direction, obtains analysis result;
First determination module, for representing that described direction is first direction when described analysis result, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determines that described first driver module is need in running order target drives module;
Second determination module, for representing that described direction is second direction when described analysis result, and when described current strength is greater than set point, determines that described second driver module is need in running order target drives module.
6. the three-phase inverter drive unit of SPWM control according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprise:
3rd determination module, when representing that current strength is less than set point for described analysis result, determines that described first driver module and the second driver module are need in running order target drives module.
7. a three-phase inverter drive circuit for SPWM control, is characterized in that, comprising:
Three brachium pontis, described brachium pontis comprises brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis, the first driver module, the second driver module;
Described upper brachium pontis comprises triode, diode,
The negative electrode of described diode is connected with the collector electrode of triode, and anode is connected with the emitter of triode;
The emitter of the triode of described upper brachium pontis is connected with the collector electrode of the triode of described lower brachium pontis;
Described first driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described upper brachium pontis, and described second driver module is connected with the control pole of the switching device of described lower brachium pontis;
The emitter of described upper brachium pontis components and parts is connected with load;
Described upper brachium pontis has identical semiconductor power switch device with described lower brachium pontis, and described upper brachium pontis is identical with the connected mode of the semiconductor power switch device of described lower brachium pontis.
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| CN111585500A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-08-25 | 广东省大湾区集成电路与***应用研究院 | Control method, device and equipment of power module and power equipment |
| CN112636619A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-09 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Inverter bus current calculation method |
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Application publication date: 20160504 |