CN105550428A - Bridge security evaluation method based on TLS (three-dimensional laser scanning) technique - Google Patents
Bridge security evaluation method based on TLS (three-dimensional laser scanning) technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bridge security evaluation method based on a TLS technique. The method comprises following steps: obtain point cloud data of each area of a bridge, preprocessing the obtained point cloud data; further processing the point cloud data, thus obtaining a complete three-dimensional model and deformation and crack data, then carrying out finite element analysis to an initial model, thus obtaining deformation and crack results of materials, comparing the processing result of the point cloud data and a finite element model; correcting the finite element model according to the point cloud data; reconstructing the finite element model according to the corrected parameters, analyzing structure deformation and crack conditions, comparing the deformation and crack results of the finite element model with the point cloud data, thus obtaining numeric comparison results, displaying the results with a curve or a cloud graph; and intelligently predicting the future deformation conditions of the structure by the reconstructed finite element model, carrying out risk analysis, and giving a risk analysis report. In adoption of the method, the bridge detection time can be shortened.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, particularly one setting up three-dimensional model to bridge and carrying out the method for safety assessment based on Three Dimensional Ground laser scanning (TLS) technology, can be used for detection and the assessment of bridge.
Background technology
Due to internal and overseas geologic condition, underground installation, subway transport situation and demand, and many-sided difference such as code requirement, cause three-dimensional laser scanning technique application at home, need to coordinate a large amount of independent research, the software being applicable to China's actual conditions and application demand and hardware support kit, just may give play to the due scientific and technological level of this technology and effect.Traditional detection means mainly contains total powerstation, GPSRTK technology etc.During the total powerstation elements of a fix, be subject to the impact of the several factors such as weather, traffic, limit more, in addition, its measuring distance is short, needs frequently to change measuring point, and total powerstation survey requires intervisibility between website and tested target object point, at least wants two work compounds just can complete measurement.Current, bridge realistic model be reduced into 3D model technology not yet have ripe commercialization to use.Although the CAD such as CATIA, Pro/E, CAE software to detecting the some cloud reverse modeling obtained, can need to carry out artificial extraction to unique point and characteristic curve and carrying out generation model, the manpower of at substantial and time; Therefore, we need the model reconstruction techniques of a robotization, thus can build realistic model and the forecast model of bridge in time, avoid various potential safety hazard.
Based on above analysis, this case produces thus.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, be to provide a kind of bridge security appraisal procedure based on TLS technology, it can shorten the detection time of bridge.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:
Based on a bridge security appraisal procedure for TLS technology, comprise the steps:
(1) utilize three-dimensional laser scanner to scan target bridge, obtain bridge each region cloud data, and pre-service is carried out to the cloud data obtained;
(2) cloud data in step (1) is further processed, obtain complete three-dimensional model and be out of shape and crackle data, then finite element analysis is carried out to initial model, obtain distortion and the crackle result of material, and aforementioned Point Cloud Processing result and finite element model are compared; Again based on cloud data, revise finite element model;
(3) according to revised Reconstruction finite element model, analytical structure distortion and cracks, compare the distortion of finite element model and crackle result and cloud data, draw numerical value comparative result, show in the mode of curve or cloud atlas;
(4) utilize the finite element model rebuild, the deformation in intelligent predicting structure future, and carry out venture analysis, provide risk analysis reports.
In above-mentioned steps (1), also adopt industrial camera to gather the colouring information of target bridge, and add in the cloud data of bridge each region.
In above-mentioned steps (1), carry out pre-service to the cloud data obtained to comprise and carry out coordinate adjustment to cloud data, make the reference mark of the same name and the control target that adjacent area point cloud chart there are more than three, by unified for adjacent cloud data under same coordinate system; Filtering is carried out to cloud data, reduces the noise spot of cloud data; Under the primary control point set by State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping or Two-stage control point are transformed into locality or global coordinate system the cloud data under instrument coordinates system.
In above-mentioned steps (2), cloud data is further processed, obtain complete three-dimensional model and distortion and crackle data and comprise following content: cloud data is simplified, Data Segmentation is carried out to cloud data, be divided in different some cloud subsets, each some cloud subset represents same curved form; Successively surface fitting is carried out to each some cloud subset, nurbs surface algorithm is used to carry out surface fitting, carry out recurrence to cloud data to calculate, obtain imposing a condition the span of each parameter in lower nurbs surface formula model, finally describe the cloud data of scanning with the parameter burst determined, obtain burst 3D model; Then, each burst 3D model splicing is obtained complete three-dimensional model, export cloud data, complete three-dimensional model and Parameter File thereof; Afterwards, based on complete three-dimensional model, extract distortion and the crackle data of total.
In above-mentioned steps (2), the particular content revising finite element model is: will be out of shape with crackle data as characteristic quantity, using the parameter chosen in finite element analysis as design parameter, adopt test design and regression analysis, with Implicitly function relation complicated between explicit response surface model Approximation Characteristic amount and design parameter, the structural model be simplified, provides FEM updating process; By numerical simulation example and three-dimensional model result, realize the structural finite element model updating based on response surface model.
After adopting such scheme, the present invention has following outstanding advantage and effect compared with prior art:
(1) hardware superiority: integrated design---integrate the full-automatic high intelligent three-dimensional Laser Scanning Equipment of data acquisition, software analysis and forecast assessment.Human oriented design---color touch display screen, more easy to operate.Intelligentized design---obtain forecast assessment and the reasonable plan of multiple period in real time.
(2) software advantage: the compatibility that product is good, directly can derive 50 data of multiple format such as wrl, dxf, ptx, pts, ptc, xyz, xyb, igs, pod, conveniently reads data with multiple development.Web sharing functionality, directly can be uploaded to internet by scan image, thus when without the need to other assistant softwares, guarantees that client, supplier and affiliate efficiently share scanning information.
(3) benefit advantage: cost of labor advantage is higher than conventional art more than 5 times, and time cost only has 1/10th of conventional art, comprehensive due to its technical data, comprehensive value is especially more than ten times.Along with the specialization of product and its cost competitiveness of mass can further improve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is systematic schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is TLS point cloud three-dimensional reconstruction process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of bridge security appraisal procedure based on TLS technology, comprise data acquisition, Model Reconstruction and intelligent predicting three parts, specifically can be analyzed to following steps:
(1) 3 D laser scanning is carried out to target bridge and to data preprocessing
A) utilize three-dimensional laser scanner to scan target bridge, obtain bridge each region cloud data, spliced by LaserControl software Auto-matching and be stored in the disk matrix of mobile device; Adopt industrial camera to gather colouring information simultaneously, and add in aforementioned cloud data, strengthen the visual of model.
Described three-dimensional laser scanner can adopt full angle (fullcircle), gyro frequency more than 100 revolutions per seconds, the high-rate laser scanning device of analyzing spot turnout 300000 points/more than second, and other reference indexs (minimum) comprising: minimum effective range <1 rice; Maximum effective range >100 rice; Accuracy (Accuracy) 10 millimeters; Precision (Precision) 5 millimeters.Generating high density cloud data is used for setting up concrete three-dimensional model by three-dimensional laser scanner, be aided with 1-2 platform industrial camera, reference index (minimum) comprising: 5 mega pixels, 2/3 " CCD; expose 38 microseconds by 60 seconds, 65 °, 80 °, visual angle (level) (vertically) (5mmlens).Camera is demarcated completing with three-dimensional laser scanner and adds colouring information to cloud data.Camera data will strengthen in the visual of model and splits for a cloud provides important evidence.
The present invention adopts traverse measurement technology, basic advantage compared with measuring with traditional survey station is its high efficiency and realizes the possibility of all automatic measurement, surveyor can build from complicated craft and shift the work of survey station and free, at utmost required personnel are measured in minimizing on the one hand, and measuring speed is largely increased owing to using the measuring table of traveling continuously on the other hand.In recent years the development of scanner and measuring technique makes traverse measurement can reach the equal even higher precision with base station measurement simultaneously becomes possibility.
B) to step a) in the cloud data of three-dimensional laser scanner collection carry out coordinate adjustment, make adjacent area point cloud chart to have the reference mark of the same name of more than three and control target, by unified for adjacent cloud data arrive same coordinate system under.Filtering is carried out to cloud data, reduces the noise spot of cloud data.Under the primary control point set by State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping or Two-stage control point are transformed into locality or global coordinate system the cloud data under instrument coordinates system.Like this, initialization points cloud successfully constructs.Read data from data in magnetic disk, by deepness image registration, level and smooth scattered point cloud data, simplify scattered point cloud data, pre-service is carried out to cloud data.Its objective is and replace original cloud data, for further data analysis lays the first stone with a small amount of not being similar to containing the data point set of noise.
(2) three-dimension modeling and correction
First, the cloud data in step (1) is further processed, obtains complete three-dimensional model and be out of shape and crackle data.Secondly, designing a model or the initial model of other description scheme perfect conditions to structure, bond material, load, constraint condition etc. parameter, carries out finite element analysis, obtain distortion and the crackle result of material, and aforementioned Point Cloud Processing result and finite element model are compared.Finally, based on cloud data, revise finite element model.
A) Point Cloud Processing.According to the ability that the demand of engineering, hardware device calculate and store, simplified by cloud data mainly through the method such as vacuate and sampling, carry out Data Segmentation to cloud data, be divided in different some cloud subsets, each some cloud subset represents same curved form.Successively surface fitting is carried out to each some cloud subset: use nurbs surface algorithm to carry out surface fitting, carry out recurrence to cloud data to calculate, obtain imposing a condition the span of each parameter in lower nurbs surface formula model, finally describe the cloud data of scanning with the parameter burst determined, obtain burst 3D model.Then, each burst 3D model splicing is obtained complete three-dimensional model, export cloud data, complete three-dimensional model and Parameter File thereof.Cloud data and complete three-dimensional model be a visual part as a result, for user provides the visual displaying to structural visual.TLS point cloud three-dimensional reconstruction process flow diagram as shown in Figure 2.Afterwards, based on complete three-dimensional model, extract distortion and the crack information of total.Deformation information mainly contains maximum displacement, the displacement of Along ent, the displacement in critical path, volume of distortion etc., and other deformation informations will increase according to actual needs.Crack information mainly refers to the distribution of crackle and the number percent of crackle, temporarily not for single crack.By the process of Point Cloud Data from Three Dimension Laser Scanning, one is achieve result visualization, and two is achieve comprehensive assurance of structural health present situation and the quantification to key message.
Designing a model b) to structure also can be the initial model of other description scheme perfect conditions, bond material, load, and constraint condition etc. parameter, carries out finite element analysis, obtains distortion and the crackle result of material.The cloud data of distortion and crackle result and process is compared, obtains numerical value comparative result, show in the mode of curve or cloud atlas.Parameter preset is not accurate enough often, and finite element model at this moment need further correction.By the finite element model of correction front and back and the contrast directly perceived of cloud data, by being not difficult, vital role that we find that TLS technology plays.
C) using the Point Cloud Processing result of TLS---distortion and crackle data are as characteristic quantity, using the parameter chosen in finite element analysis as design parameter, adopt test design and regression analysis, with Implicitly function relation complicated between explicit response surface model Approximation Characteristic amount and design parameter, the structural model (Meta-model) be simplified, provide FEM updating process, mainly comprise the parameter choose of variance analysis, the response surface of regretional analysis matching and utilize response surface to carry out FEM updating.Structure for complexity discusses samples selection, corrected parameter is chosen and from many factors, how more reasonably to set up the response surface model of structure.By numerical simulation example and three-dimensional model result, realize the structural finite element model updating based on response surface model.Based on FEM updating and the checking of Response surface meth od, the efficiency of correction can be significantly improved, calculate succinct, iteration convergence fast, avoiding each iteration all needs to carry out FEM (finite element) calculation.
(3) finite element model is rebuild
According to revised Reconstruction finite element model, analytical structure distortion and cracks.The cloud data of the distortion of finite element model and crackle result and TLS is compared, draws numerical value comparative result, show in the mode of curve or cloud atlas.
(4) finite element model is utilized to carry out risk profile
Utilize the finite element model rebuild after revising, the deformation in intelligent predicting structure future, and carry out venture analysis, provide risk analysis reports.In conjunction with standard proposition structure the present situation evaluation scheme of the relevant building of country and risk profile result and suggestion.
Analysis result is presented in same platform, and the initial three-dimensional of display structure designs a model, the Three-dimension Reconstruction Model of TLS 3-D scanning point cloud, TLS and finite element model, and wherein TLS 3-D scanning point cloud is with a cloud form display, and all the other models show with curved form.Dynamic Announce can be carried out, and finite element data result and the 3 d measurement data result of corresponding position is obtained by mouse click or dialog box input coordinate value, obtain a kind of visual, can multi-angle, comprehensive observation 3 d effect graph, can realize convergent-divergent, rotation, views selection, local window display by mouse action, designated model is hidden.The error analysis of finite element data and TLS test data of experiment can be carried out, show with curve or in the mode of cloud atlas, analyze graphical results with picture format output error.By the display of analysis result, user can understand the current situation of building and the prediction to future more intuitively, all sidedly, has good man-machine interface.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be recognized, previous embodiment is just in order to illustrate design feature of the present invention and advantage, and non-limiting the present invention, so conceive the change or modification done according to the present invention, all should belong in the scope of appended claims restriction.
Claims (5)
1., based on a bridge security appraisal procedure for TLS technology, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) utilize three-dimensional laser scanner to scan target bridge, obtain bridge each region cloud data, and pre-service is carried out to the cloud data obtained;
(2) cloud data in step (1) is further processed, obtain complete three-dimensional model and be out of shape and crackle data, then finite element analysis is carried out to initial model, obtain distortion and the crackle result of material, and aforementioned Point Cloud Processing result and finite element model are compared; Again based on cloud data, revise finite element model;
(3) according to revised Reconstruction finite element model, analytical structure distortion and cracks, compare the distortion of finite element model and crackle result and cloud data, draw numerical value comparative result, show in the mode of curve or cloud atlas;
(4) utilize the finite element model rebuild, the deformation in intelligent predicting structure future, and carry out venture analysis, provide risk analysis reports.
2. a kind of bridge security appraisal procedure based on TLS technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), also adopts industrial camera to gather the colouring information of target bridge, and adds in the cloud data of bridge each region.
3. a kind of bridge security appraisal procedure based on TLS technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), carry out pre-service to the cloud data obtained to comprise and carry out coordinate adjustment to cloud data, make the reference mark of the same name and the control target that adjacent area point cloud chart there are more than three, by unified for adjacent cloud data under same coordinate system; Filtering is carried out to cloud data, reduces the noise spot of cloud data; Under the primary control point set by State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping or Two-stage control point are transformed into locality or global coordinate system the cloud data under instrument coordinates system.
4. a kind of bridge security appraisal procedure based on TLS technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), cloud data is further processed, obtain complete three-dimensional model and distortion and crackle data and comprise following content: cloud data is simplified, Data Segmentation is carried out to cloud data, be divided in different some cloud subsets, each some cloud subset represents same curved form; Successively surface fitting is carried out to each some cloud subset, nurbs surface algorithm is used to carry out surface fitting, carry out recurrence to cloud data to calculate, obtain imposing a condition the span of each parameter in lower nurbs surface formula model, finally describe the cloud data of scanning with the parameter burst determined, obtain burst 3D model; Then, each burst 3D model splicing is obtained complete three-dimensional model, export cloud data, complete three-dimensional model and Parameter File thereof; Afterwards, based on complete three-dimensional model, extract distortion and the crackle data of total.
5. a kind of bridge security appraisal procedure based on TLS technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), the particular content revising finite element model is: will be out of shape with crackle data as characteristic quantity, using the parameter chosen in finite element analysis as design parameter, adopt test design and regression analysis, with Implicitly function relation complicated between explicit response surface model Approximation Characteristic amount and design parameter, the structural model be simplified, provides FEM updating process; By numerical simulation example and three-dimensional model result, realize the structural finite element model updating based on response surface model.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106228604A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of simulation transportation system based on actual environment and simulation way of transportation |
| CN107729582A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2018-02-23 | 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 | Component defect inspection and forecasting system based on TLS |
| CN107886464A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method that point cloud model is generated by two-phase composite material meso-mechanical model |
| CN108385538A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-08-10 | 上海公路桥梁（集团）有限公司 | The method that the prefabricated head tower of cable-stayed bridge is installed on concrete king-post |
| CN108509696A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-07 | 安徽建筑大学 | Ancient building health monitor method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique and device |
| CN108871297A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-23 | 中铁大桥（南京）桥隧诊治有限公司 | Bridge structure size detecting method and system based on 3-D scanning technology |
| CN110276092A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-09-24 | 国家电网有限公司 | It is a kind of open air GIS device temperature movement outdoor scene measurement and appraisal procedure |
| CN111581697A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏现代工程检测有限公司 | Bridge detection information management method and system based on BIM |
| CN112726432A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 安徽建筑大学 | Bridge operation and maintenance method, device, system, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN113868904A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江大学 | Method for automatically generating existing structure finite element model based on three-dimensional point cloud |
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| CN106228604A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of simulation transportation system based on actual environment and simulation way of transportation |
| CN107729582A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2018-02-23 | 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 | Component defect inspection and forecasting system based on TLS |
| CN107886464A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method that point cloud model is generated by two-phase composite material meso-mechanical model |
| CN107886464B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-12-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for generating point cloud model by two-phase composite material mesoscopic model |
| CN108509696A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-07 | 安徽建筑大学 | Ancient building health monitor method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique and device |
| CN108385538A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-08-10 | 上海公路桥梁（集团）有限公司 | The method that the prefabricated head tower of cable-stayed bridge is installed on concrete king-post |
| CN108871297A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-23 | 中铁大桥（南京）桥隧诊治有限公司 | Bridge structure size detecting method and system based on 3-D scanning technology |
| CN110276092A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-09-24 | 国家电网有限公司 | It is a kind of open air GIS device temperature movement outdoor scene measurement and appraisal procedure |
| CN110276092B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2022-12-23 | 国家电网有限公司 | Outdoor GIS equipment temperature displacement live-action measurement and evaluation method |
| CN111581697A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏现代工程检测有限公司 | Bridge detection information management method and system based on BIM |
| CN111581697B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2023-01-24 | 江苏现代工程检测有限公司 | Bridge detection information management method and system based on BIM |
| CN112726432A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 安徽建筑大学 | Bridge operation and maintenance method, device, system, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113158329A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-23 | 中路高科交通检测检验认证有限公司 | Method for rapidly positioning and measuring constant load condition of in-service bridge structure |
| CN113111464A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 中交第三公路工程局有限公司工程总承包分公司 | Steel arch bridge virtual pre-assembly method based on digital model |
| CN113868904A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江大学 | Method for automatically generating existing structure finite element model based on three-dimensional point cloud |
| CN113868904B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-08-15 | 浙江大学 | Method for automatically generating finite element model of existing structure based on three-dimensional point cloud |
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