CN105549537B - Assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning - Google Patents

Assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning Download PDF

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CN105549537B
CN105549537B CN201510981408.6A CN201510981408A CN105549537B CN 105549537 B CN105549537 B CN 105549537B CN 201510981408 A CN201510981408 A CN 201510981408A CN 105549537 B CN105549537 B CN 105549537B
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assembly
parametrization
numerical control
material object
control processing
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CN105549537A (en
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陈�田
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Shanghai Dianji University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4093Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine
    • G05B19/40931Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine concerning programming of geometry
    • G05B19/40932Shape input
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/32Operator till task planning
    • G05B2219/32154Object, attribute for geometry, technology, function oop

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of assembly parametrizations and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning, comprising: obtains the geometrical morphology of assembly entirety in kind and the geometrical morphology of each component;Based on the measurement pointcloud of acquired assembly whole geometry pattern in kind and each component geometrical morphology, geometrical characteristic identification is carried out using geometry and identification method of machining characteristics, and expressed and stored to another characteristic is known;Using the parameterized model of assembly relation matching and assembly knowledge extraction algorithm building assembly and assembly relation;Structural behaviour parameter based on the machining feature, conjunction processor bed that are identified, realize automatically generating for nc program, the present invention can disengagement parameters large software platform, based on a certain product material object realize the tandem product drawn inferences about other cases from one instance from structure parameterization, to geometry machining feature extract with identify, again to the generation of manufacturing procedure, nc program automated programming it is integrated, automate.

Description

Assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning
Technical field
The present invention relates to automatic numerical control manufacture fields, parameterize more particularly to a kind of assembly based on material object scanning And automatic numerical control processing method.
Background technique
Demand as many of actual production: the processing in order to realize tandem product, it is desirable that be based on existing one Kind product realizes parametrization, the automatic numerical control processing of tandem product.However, existing method has the following disadvantages:
Firstly, for current Parametric designing, there is application in large-scale commercial three-dimensional software, but it is mainly one The unitized platform of kind, needs the parametrization of user's implementation model by way of manual interaction, more troublesome;Secondly, for Three dimensional practicality scanning using more, however these work majorities are reverse engineer, three-dimensionalreconstruction for part model and open Exhibition is not yet found and is matched and the building of assembly knowledge extraction algorithm by geometry with identification method of machining characteristics, using assembly relation The application of the parameterized model of assembly and assembly relation;Again, most at present to depend on processing technology for the processing of part Engineer and numerical control programming personnel complete according to processing experience cooperation.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above existing technologies, purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of dresses based on material object scanning Ligand parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method, can disengagement parameters large software platform, it is in kind based on a certain product Realize that the tandem product drawn inferences about other cases from one instance is extracted from structure parameterization, to geometry machining feature with identification, again to manufacturing procedure It generates, the integration of the automated programming of nc program, automation.
In view of the above and other objects, the present invention proposes a kind of assembly parametrization and automation number based on material object scanning Processing method is controlled, is included the following steps:
Step 1 obtains the geometrical morphology of assembly entirety in kind and the geometrical morphology of each component;
Step 2, the measurement pointcloud based on acquired assembly whole geometry pattern in kind with each component geometrical morphology, Geometrical characteristic identification is carried out using geometry and identification method of machining characteristics, and is expressed and is stored to another characteristic is known;
Step 3, using the parametrization of assembly relation matching and assembly knowledge extraction algorithm building assembly and assembly relation Model;
Step 4 realizes numerically controlled machining programme based on the structural behaviour parameter of the machining feature, conjunction processor bed that are identified Sequence automatically generates.
Further, in step 1, the three-dimensional of acquired assembly whole geometry pattern and each component geometrical morphology Split data close as far as possible it is complete, without loophole, depending on measurement accuracy is required according to current element precision.
Further, in step 1, used measuring device is scanner.
Further, in step 2, outer profile point set segmentation from feature point extraction be by different sections of feature extraction simultaneously It splits, the head and the tail characteristic point information of storage different characteristic section is divided by outer profile point set.
It further, is then the feature according to corresponding to specific features section for the identification of feature and processing in step 2 What feature point, judgement are specifically, and obtain the attribute of specific geometrical characteristic by the processing of data.
Further, as follows to the geometrical characteristic identification step of rotary part in step 2: to obtain axial shadow of moving on to and survey Amount point cloud;Removal overlapping point;Point set is ranked up;Same axial position takes radius maximum point;The segmentation of outer profile point set and spy Sign point extracts;Different characteristic is identified and is handled;Feature is stored.
Further, as follows to the geometrical characteristic identification step of non-rotating part in step 2: to independent part point cloud The segmentation of carry out face;Removal overlapping point;Segmentation point set is ranked up;Divide the geometric attribute identification of point set;Divide geometric element Incidence relation extract;The identification and processing of geometrical characteristic;Feature is stored.
Further, in step 3, in conjunction with the extraction of the geometrical characteristic of assembly whole geometry pattern and each part As a result, each part geometry mechanism model in amendment assembly, while constructing the parameterized model of assembly and assembly relation.
Further, in step 4, manufacturing procedure arrangement principle are as follows: to the Continuous maching feature of same required precision, Under the premise of same cutter capable of being selected jointly, processed in a manner of using continuous profile cylindrical turning as far as possible.
Further, in step 4, the special processing request for the special characteristic that user proposes is selected with optimization, then By considering composite factor, processing technology planning is completed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is a kind of based on the assembly parametrization of material object scanning and automatic numerical control processing side Measurement pointcloud of the method based on acquired assembly whole geometry pattern in kind and each component geometrical morphology, utilizes geometry and processing Characteristic recognition method, the parametrization mould for constructing assembly and assembly relation with assembly knowledge extraction algorithm using assembly relation matching Type, and the structural behaviour parameter based on the machining feature, conjunction processor bed that are identified, realize the automatic of nc program Generate, the present invention can disengagement parameters large software platform, realize that the seriation drawn inferences about other cases from one instance produces based on a certain product material object Product from structure parameterization, to geometry machining feature extract with identify, again to the generation of manufacturing procedure, nc program it is automatic Integration, the automation of programming.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is a kind of to be flowed based on the step of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method in kind scanned Cheng Tu;
Fig. 2 is rotary part geometrical characteristic identification process schematic diagram in present pre-ferred embodiments;
Fig. 3 is non-rotating part geometry feature identification process in present pre-ferred embodiments;
Fig. 4 (a) is certain part manufacturing procedure process list of file names in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 (b) is the workpiece to be machined schematic diagram identified in the specific embodiment of the invention through feature;
Fig. 4 (c) is the generating process schematic diagram of certain part manufacturing procedure in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by way of specific specific example and embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings, those skilled in the art can Understand further advantage and effect of the invention easily by content disclosed in the present specification.The present invention can also pass through other differences Specific example implemented or applied, details in this specification can also be based on different perspectives and applications, without departing substantially from Various modifications and change are carried out under spirit of the invention.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is a kind of to be flowed based on the step of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method in kind scanned Cheng Tu.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning of the present invention, including Following steps:
Step 101, the geometrical morphology of assembly entirety in kind and the geometrical morphology of each component are obtained.
Specifically, whole geometry pattern and the measuring device of the geometrical morphology of each component for obtaining assembly in kind are more, Such as hand-held scanner, vertical scanner etc..In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, acquired assembly whole geometry pattern With the three-dimensional split data of each component geometrical morphology close as far as possible it is complete, without loophole, measurement accuracy is according to current element precision Depending on it is required that.
Step 102, the measurement pointcloud based on acquired assembly whole geometry pattern in kind and each component geometrical morphology, Geometrical characteristic identification is carried out using geometry and identification method of machining characteristics, and is expressed and is stored to another characteristic is known.
Geometrical characteristic identification process: being respectively the geometrical characteristic knowledge of rotary part and non-rotating part as shown in Figures 2 and 3 Other process.Wherein the segmentation of outer profile point set mainly by different sections of feature extraction and is split from feature point extraction, such as It mainly include cylinder, circular cone, slot, arc-shaped surface, characteristic threads etc. for the outer profile of axis.It is deposited by the segmentation of outer profile point set Store up the head and the tail characteristic point information of different characteristic section.Identification and processing for feature are then the spies according to corresponding to specific features section Point is levied, what feature judgement is specifically, and obtains the attribute of specific geometrical characteristic by the processing of data.
Specifically, the geometrical characteristic identification process of rotary part is as follows: obtaining and axially moves on to shadow measurement pointcloud;Removal overlapping Point;Point set is ranked up;Same axial position takes radius maximum point;The segmentation of outer profile point set and feature point extraction;To difference Feature is identified and is handled;Feature is stored.
The geometrical characteristic identification process of non-rotating part is as follows: carrying out face segmentation to independent part point cloud;Removal overlapping point; Segmentation point set is ranked up;Divide the geometric attribute identification of point set;The incidence relation for dividing geometric element extracts;Geometrical characteristic Identification and processing;Feature is stored.
Character pair used in the present invention mainly includes cylinder, circular cone, chamfering, slot, screw thread, rounding, circular arc feature etc.. Specifically expression in systems can be found out with storage from the structural body in following procedure:
Step 103, using the parameter of assembly relation matching and assembly knowledge extraction algorithm building assembly and assembly relation Change model.
In conjunction with the geometrical characteristic of assembly whole geometry pattern and each part extraction as a result, amendment assembly in it is each Part geometry mechanism model, while constructing the parameterized model of assembly and assembly relation.That is, different assemblies are different moulds Type, parameterized model here are constructed by determining structural parameters, assembling conjunction relationship etc..
Step 104, the structural behaviour parameter based on the machining feature, conjunction processor bed that are identified realizes numerical control processing Program automatically generates.
In view of the saving of processing cost and process time, one of manufacturing procedure arrangement principle of the invention are as follows: to same essence Desired Continuous maching feature is spent, under the premise of can select same cutter jointly, to use continuous profile outer circle vehicle as far as possible The mode cut is processed.The special processing request for the special characteristic that user proposes is selected with optimization, then it is comprehensive by considering Conjunction factor completes processing technology planning.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the storing data structure of processing technology is as follows:
There is the storing data structure of processing technology, then passes through processing work when doing processing technology planning to specific part The chained list of sequence stores, and two chained lists as follows are mainly to store current manufacturing procedure list and determine application by user The manufacturing procedure list that the optimization machined parameters of system recommendation optimize.
//machining processes for current part
CArray<XMachiningProcess>m_arrMachiningProcess;
//optimized machining processes
CArray<XMachiningProcess>m_arrOptmMachiningProcess;
When part calls in system, after user specifies corresponding processing request, system is mainly to be accessed by reverse process Mode, that is to say, that start with from final part shape with requirement, consider a last manufacturing procedure, such as certain part first The last one manufacturing procedure be slot excision, then calculate the material processed through procedure second from the bottom by the shape of slot and remove The shape that should be formed afterwards, and so on, until deriving to blank shape.
As shown in figure 4, the workpiece of the entitled che5 of part, it is assumed that in addition to one section of cylindrical surface (counts from right to left in Fig. 4 (b) Third feature, is set as che5_Feature_3) have outside special required precision, the required precision of other outer circle features is consistent.With After family optimizes che5_Feature_3 by system, system has just automatically generated manufacturing procedure as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 4 It (b) is the part to be processed identified by feature, Fig. 4 (a) shows the manufacturing procedure name of the part, shows and provide in the figure of lower section Body process removes material context, and the material removal area of corresponding process serial number has been marked by serial number.
In Fig. 4:
Che5_FinalProfile: part final profile, shown in the blue outline in Fig. 4 (c);
Che5_MachiningProcess_0_Blank: blank profile, shown in the canescence rectangle frame in Fig. 4 (c);
Che5_MachiningProcess_1_Facing: end face manufacturing procedure, in Fig. 4 (c) 1.;
Che5_MachiningProcess_2_Rough: outer circle roughing process, in Fig. 4 (c) 2.;
Che5_MachiningProcess_3_Fine: outer circle finishing step, in Fig. 4 (c) 3.;
Finishing step after che5_MachiningProcess_4_Optimized:che5_Feature_3 optimization, figure In 4 (c) 4.;
Che5_MachiningProcess_3_Slot: the manufacturing procedure of the right slot, in Fig. 4 (c) 5. 6.;
Che5_MachiningProcess_3_Slot: the manufacturing procedure of left side slot, in Fig. 4 (c) 6.;
The structural behaviour parameter of conjunction processor bed and its coding requirement of control system, this specific embodiment is according to above-mentioned Processing technology program results numerical programming code.
In conclusion a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning of the present invention is based on The measurement pointcloud of acquired assembly whole geometry pattern in kind and each component geometrical morphology, is known using geometry and machining feature Other method, the parameterized model for constructing assembly and assembly relation with assembly knowledge extraction algorithm using assembly relation matching, and Based on the structural behaviour parameter of the machining feature, conjunction processor bed that are identified, automatically generating for nc program is realized, The present invention can disengagement parameters large software platform, realize the tandem product drawn inferences about other cases from one instance from knot based on a certain product material object Structure parametrization is extracted and the automated programming of the generation, nc program that identify, arrive manufacturing procedure again to geometry machining feature Integration, automation.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.Any Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, modifications and changes are made to the above embodiments by field technical staff.Therefore, The scope of the present invention, should be as listed in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning, includes the following steps:
Step 1 obtains the geometrical morphology of assembly entirety in kind and the geometrical morphology of each component;
Step 2 is utilized based on the measurement pointcloud of acquired assembly whole geometry pattern in kind and each component geometrical morphology Geometry and identification method of machining characteristics carry out geometrical characteristic identification, and are expressed and stored to another characteristic is known;
Step 3, using the parametrization mould of assembly relation matching and assembly knowledge extraction algorithm building assembly and assembly relation Type;
Step 4 realizes nc program based on the structural behaviour parameter of the machining feature, conjunction processor bed that are identified It automatically generates.
2. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as described in claim 1, It is characterized in that: in step 1, the three-dimensional split data of acquired assembly whole geometry pattern and each component geometrical morphology As far as possible closing it is complete, without loophole, depending on measurement accuracy is required according to current element precision.
3. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as described in claim 1, Be characterized in that: in step 1, used measuring device is scanner.
4. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as claimed in claim 2, Be characterized in that: in step 2, the segmentation of outer profile point set is by different sections of feature extraction and to split from feature point extraction, Divide the head and the tail characteristic point information of storage different characteristic section by outer profile point set.
5. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as claimed in claim 4, It is characterized in that: being then the characteristic point according to corresponding to specific features section for the identification of feature and processing in step 2, judgement Specifically what feature, obtains the attribute of specific geometrical characteristic by the processing of data.
6. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as claimed in claim 5, It is characterized in that, it is as follows to the geometrical characteristic identification step of rotary part in step 2: to obtain and axially move on to shadow measurement pointcloud; Removal overlapping point;Point set is ranked up;Same axial position takes radius maximum point;The segmentation of outer profile point set is mentioned with characteristic point It takes;Different characteristic is identified and is handled;Feature is stored.
7. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as claimed in claim 5, It is characterized in that, it is as follows to the geometrical characteristic identification step of non-rotating part in step 2: face minute is carried out to independent part point cloud It cuts;Removal overlapping point;Segmentation point set is ranked up;Divide the geometric attribute identification of point set;The association for dividing geometric element is closed System extracts;The identification and processing of geometrical characteristic;Feature is stored.
8. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as claimed in claim 5, Be characterized in that: in step 3, in conjunction with the geometrical characteristic of assembly whole geometry pattern and each part extraction as a result, amendment Each part geometry mechanism model in assembly, while constructing the parameterized model of assembly and assembly relation.
9. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as claimed in claim 5, It is characterized in that, in step 4, manufacturing procedure arrangement principle are as follows: to the Continuous maching feature of same required precision, can be common Under the premise of selecting same cutter, processed in a manner of using continuous profile cylindrical turning as far as possible.
10. a kind of assembly parametrization and automatic numerical control processing method based on material object scanning as claimed in claim 9, It is characterized in that: in step 4, the special processing request for the special characteristic that user proposes being selected with optimization, then passes through consideration Composite factor completes processing technology planning.
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