CN105548200A - Steel spring surface full-decarburization nondestructive testing method - Google Patents
Steel spring surface full-decarburization nondestructive testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105548200A CN105548200A CN201610008045.2A CN201610008045A CN105548200A CN 105548200 A CN105548200 A CN 105548200A CN 201610008045 A CN201610008045 A CN 201610008045A CN 105548200 A CN105548200 A CN 105548200A
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- Prior art keywords
- spring
- base metal
- decarburization
- steel spring
- full
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8803—Visual inspection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/2806—Means for preparing replicas of specimens, e.g. for microscopal analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a steel spring surface full-decarburization nondestructive testing method. The method comprises the steps of selecting a spring sampling position; pretreating the surface to be tested of the sampling position; polishing the surface to be tested so that the base metal surface can be exposed; cleaning the exposed base metal surface with a solvent which is not corrosive to the metal surface and does not react with metal chemically; corroding the base metal surface; coating the base metal surface; conducting testing and observation, and evaluating the full-decarburization condition by means of a reference atlas. According to the method, on the premise that the structure of a spring is not damaged and later-stage use of the spring is not affected, the metallographic phase of the surface of the spring is copied and observed so that the surface full-decarburization condition can be learnt, spring quality is efficiently controlled, and the spring hot working process is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the full decarburization lossless detection method in a kind of steel spring surface, belongs to Non-destructive Testing on Metal technical field.
Background technology
Spring surface decarburization phenomenon affects spring-mass, and the especially full decarburization in surface, can reduce the fatigue lifetime of spring greatly.
At present, the method for carrying out full decarburization inspection for spring surface mainly contains metallographic method and lee ' hardness method.Metallographic method needs to cut sample to spring and detects, and destroys the structure of spring, makes tested spring cannot continue to use, thus adds testing inspection cost; Because steel spring surface is curved surface, use Leeb Hardness Tester detection springs skin hardness to have comparatively big error, can not react real hardness number exactly, therefore lee ' hardness method can not accurately the decarburization situation on detection springs surface.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, there is provided a kind of steel spring surface full decarburization lossless detection method, do not destroy spring structure, do not affect the follow-up use of spring condition under, by copying and observing spring surface metallographic, understand the full decarburization situation in its surface, efficient management and control spring-mass, spring hot procedure is instructed to improve, to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists.
In order to solve above technical matters, the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface provided by the invention, step is as follows:
The sample position of step 1, selection spring: for newly making spring, its sample position is the contact periphery of support ring and coil; For in-service spring, by structural limitations, its sample position is the periphery exposed;
Step 2, pre-service is carried out to sample position detected surface: for cated spring surface, use paint stripper to process; For there being dirty spring surface, clean-out system is used to process;
Step 3, polishing is carried out to detected surface, make it expose base metal face;
Step 4, use and that with the solvent cleaning of metal generation chemical reaction do not expose base metal surface corrosion-free to metal surface;
Step 5, corrosion base metal surface;
The multiple film in step 6, base metal surface;
Step 7, detection are observed, and use and assess full decarburization situation with reference to collection of illustrative plates.
As preferred version of the present invention, use brilliant polish effects on surface to carry out polishing, make it expose base metal face; Brilliant polish size should be not more than 5 μm.
Abrasive pastes selected by brilliant polish, but are not limited to abrasive pastes.
As preferred version of the present invention, the cleaning solvent in step 4 selects acetone soln or alcohol, but is not limited to these two kinds.
As preferred version of the present invention, use corrosion solvent carries out corrosion treatment to metal surface, and etching time is with reference to corroding kind, the concentration of solvent and determining the concrete corrosivity organized.Such as use the nital of 4% volumetric concentration as corrosion solvent, etching time is 5 ~ 10s.
As preferred version of the present invention, in step 6, use AC paper to carry out the multiple film in base metal surface, for guaranteeing intact replica, AC paper and corrosion surface soak by available acetone solvent.
Preferably, in step 6, after AC paper covers base metal surface, leave standstill 30-60s, the coating materials pasted is opened, and sampling is placed on the microslide of dried and clean, basis of microscopic observation, if whole visual field is fine and closely woven matrix, then it is qualified to judge, steel spring surface is without full decarburization; If there is large granular ferrite tissue in visual field, be then judged to be defective, the full decarburization in steel spring surface.The matrix that the spring of unlike material is formed after different heat treatment operation is different, but crystal grain is all thinner.And full decarburized structure is be large granular ferrite substantially, its size is significantly different from matrix.At the optical microphotograph Microscopic observation of identical enlargement factor, namely distinguishablely whether there is full decarburization.
By technique scheme, the lossless detection method of the full decarburization situation of steel spring surface of the present invention at least has following advantages:
1, do not destroy spring institutional framework, do not affect spring and normally use, saving is cut sample metallographic and is detected the sky high cost caused greatly;
2, easy and simple to handle, fast, greatly save the time of cutting sample metallographic and detecting;
3, can the full decarburization situation in surface of the in-service spring of batch detection, immediately determine to change object;
4, batch detection newly can make spring, management and control quality, improves hot procedure immediately.
In sum, the lossless detection method of the full decarburization situation in steel spring surface of the present invention has plurality of advantages and use value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 is the full decarburization lossless detection method process flow diagram in steel spring surface.
Fig. 2 is the collection of illustrative plates with reference to qualified tissue.
Fig. 3 is the collection of illustrative plates with reference to defective tissue.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be detection method process flow diagram.The lossless detection method of the full decarburization situation in the present embodiment steel spring surface, step comprises:
The first step, the sample position choosing in-service spring is that the periphery of exposure is as sampling point;
Second step, uses paint stripper to slough spring surface paint;
3rd step, uses the brilliant polish effects on surfaces such as 3 μm of abrasive pastes to carry out polishing, makes it expose base metal face; 4th step, uses acetone soln clean metal surface;
5th step, uses the nitric acid alcohol of 4% volumetric concentration to corrode tested surface, etching time 6s;
6th step, is covered on corrosion surface by AC paper, for guaranteeing intact replica, AC paper and corrosion surface is soaked with acetone;
7th step, detects and observes, and uses and assesses full decarburization situation with reference to collection of illustrative plates.Namely after leaving standstill 30-60s, with tweezers or other instruments, the coating materials pasted is opened, and be placed on the microslide of dried and clean, at 100 times of optical microphotograph Microscopic observations by sampling (coating materials opened), if whole visual field is fine and closely woven matrix, then judge qualified (as shown in Figure 2); If there is large granular ferrite tissue (as shown in Figure 3) in visual field, be then judged to be defective.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (7)
1. the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface, step is as follows:
The sample position of step 1, selection spring: for newly making spring, its sample position is the contact periphery of support ring and coil; For in-service spring, by structural limitations, its sample position is the periphery exposed;
Step 2, pre-service is carried out to sample position detected surface: for cated spring surface, use paint stripper to process; For there being dirty spring surface, clean-out system is used to process;
Step 3, polishing is carried out to detected surface, make it expose base metal face;
Step 4, use and that with the solvent cleaning of metal generation chemical reaction do not expose base metal surface corrosion-free to metal surface;
Step 5, corrosion base metal surface;
The multiple film in step 6, base metal surface;
Step 7, detection are observed, and use and assess full decarburization situation with reference to collection of illustrative plates.
2. the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 3, uses brilliant polish effects on surface to carry out polishing, make it expose base metal face; Brilliant polish size should be not more than 5 μm.
3. the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface according to claim 2, is characterized in that: abrasive pastes selected by described brilliant polish.
4. the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cleaning solvent in step 4 selects acetone soln or alcohol.
5. the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 5, and use the nital of 4% volumetric concentration to corrode base metal surface as corrosion solvent, etching time is 5 ~ 10s.
6. the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 6, uses AC paper to carry out the multiple film in base metal surface, AC paper and corrosion surface is soaked during multiple film with acetone solvent.
7. the full decarburization lossless detection method in steel spring surface according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in step 6, after AC paper covers base metal surface, leave standstill 30-60s, the coating materials pasted is opened, and sampling is placed on the microslide of dried and clean, basis of microscopic observation, if whole visual field is fine and closely woven matrix, then it is qualified to judge, steel spring surface is without full decarburization; If there is large granular ferrite tissue in visual field, be then judged to be defective, the full decarburization in steel spring surface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610008045.2A CN105548200A (en) | 2016-01-06 | 2016-01-06 | Steel spring surface full-decarburization nondestructive testing method |
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| CN201610008045.2A CN105548200A (en) | 2016-01-06 | 2016-01-06 | Steel spring surface full-decarburization nondestructive testing method |
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| CN201610008045.2A Pending CN105548200A (en) | 2016-01-06 | 2016-01-06 | Steel spring surface full-decarburization nondestructive testing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113092224A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-09 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly detecting full decarburization site of forged steel crankshaft |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103045826A (en) * | 2013-01-01 | 2013-04-17 | 首钢总公司 | Test method for simulating oxidation and decarbonization of steel |
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2016
- 2016-01-06 CN CN201610008045.2A patent/CN105548200A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103045826A (en) * | 2013-01-01 | 2013-04-17 | 首钢总公司 | Test method for simulating oxidation and decarbonization of steel |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
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| 中国标准出版社，全国弹簧标准化技术委员会: "《中国机械工业标准汇编》", 31 May 2003 * |
| 中国标准出版社: "《中国国际标准汇编》", 31 July 2009 * |
| 全国无损检测标准化技术委员会，中国质检出版社第三编辑室: "《无损检测标准汇编.表面检测方法.上》", 31 July 2011 * |
| 刘强: "铁路货车螺旋弹簧疲劳寿命研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
| 林武春等: "金相复膜技术在锅炉压力容器检验中的应用", 《质量技术监督研究》 * |
| 陶曦东等: "地铁车辆一系弹簧断裂分析", 《机车车辆工艺》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113092224A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-09 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly detecting full decarburization site of forged steel crankshaft |
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