CN105548071B - A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring instrument and method - Google Patents

A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring instrument and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105548071B
CN105548071B CN201510877657.0A CN201510877657A CN105548071B CN 105548071 B CN105548071 B CN 105548071B CN 201510877657 A CN201510877657 A CN 201510877657A CN 105548071 B CN105548071 B CN 105548071B
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gas chamber
light path
negative pressure
radome fairing
path gas
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CN105548071A (en
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李刚
贾渠
常洋
刘春磊
宁召科
李彦林
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Beijing Aerospace Tianhong Intelligent Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Beijing Aerospace Yilian Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/39Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/39Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
    • G01N2021/391Intracavity sample

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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation to absorb humidity measuring instrument and method, including a measurement storehouse, measurement is provided with the light fibre humidity transducer being connected with TDLAS systems and Wireless data transmission module in storehouse, the humidity data of reception is transferred to grounded receiving station by Wireless data transmission module, being horizontally disposed with the measurement storehouse has a light path gas chamber, light fibre humidity transducer is arranged in light path gas chamber, light path gas chamber front end is connected with free surrounding space, an air-negative-pressure storehouse is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, the gas measured outside storehouse is flowed into by the negative pressure that air flow in negative pressure cabin produces from the front end of light path gas chamber.The present invention uses a kind of light optical coupling long light path gas chamber of anti-vibration of cascaded structure, there is the kuppe by negative pressure suction air outside gas chamber, avoid the air frontal impact sensor of high-speed flight, sensor number passes the GPS information that program module reads aircraft, by positional information and weather information synchronous acquisition, realize that geography information is merged with weather information.

Description

A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring instrument and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-altitude moisture measurement technology, more particularly to a kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity and surveys Measure device and method.
Background technology
China's meteorological field at present, carries out high-altitude humidity detection using UAV flight's humidity sensor, but only makees For experiment.According to literature survey, technical solution is used as payload platform by small drone at present, thus for sensor weight, Power consumption requires, while small drone is unable to reach more than 3km, can not obtain comprehensive weather information.
Balloon carries humicap and carries out aerological sounding, but ascending path can not as conventional aerological sounding means Control, can not detect vertical section information.
Either balloon or unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the humidity sensor of carrying are humicap mode, such sensor Response time is slow, about 20 ~ 30 seconds, therefore during unmanned plane high-speed flight or balloon rapid increase, collection information is sluggish, position Confidence ceases and humidity information is misaligned.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation to absorb humidity measuring instrument and method, passes through The light of the anti-vibration of cascaded structure-optical coupling long light path gas chamber, designs a kind of kuppe by negative pressure suction air outside gas chamber, Avoid the air frontal impact sensor of high-speed flight;Sensor self-contained storing devices real-time storage humidity information.At the same time according to nothing Man-machine communication link, devises sensor number and passes program module, the GPS information of aircraft is read, by positional information and weather information Synchronous acquisition, realizes that geography information is merged with weather information.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that:
A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring instrument, including one is used to install survey aircraft back A flat base, a measurement storehouse is horizontally mounted on pedestal, measures in storehouse and sets and TDLAS systems and Wireless data transmission The humidity data of reception is transferred to ground receiver by the light fibre humidity transducer of module connection, Wireless data transmission module Stand, wherein, being horizontally disposed with the measurement storehouse has a light path gas chamber, and light fibre humidity transducer is arranged in light path gas chamber, light Journey gas chamber front end is connected with free surrounding space, is connected with an air-negative-pressure storehouse in light path gas chamber rear end, measure gas outside storehouse by The negative pressure that air flow produces in negative pressure cabin is flowed into from the front end of light path gas chamber.
Scheme is further:It is a radome fairing, radome fairing central axis and light path air chamber length side outside the negative pressure cabin Overlapped to central axis, the front end of radome fairing is a raised arc surface, and radome fairing is smooth with arc surface up and down The plane of connection, radome fairing rear end are connected with light path gas chamber rear end, are respectively arranged with the left and right sides plane of the radome fairing The through hole connected with negative pressure cabin, openings connect an airflow duct perpendicular to plane, and conduit mouth is a windward side height, the back of the body The low groove in wind face, when the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure and drives negative pressure cabin gas Stream is suctioned out along conduit mouth, and then makes the gas outside measurement storehouse by the negative pressure of air flow generation in negative pressure cabin before light path gas chamber End flows into.
Scheme is further:Radome fairing front end arc surface is provided with cambered surface stomata in the cambered surface of both sides up and down, in rectification The through hole connected with cambered surface stomata is respectively equipped with the lower planes of cover, openings connect an air-flow perpendicular to plane and lead Pipe, conduit mouth are the low groove of a high leeward in windward side, when the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward, the conduit mouth back of the body The air-flow part that wind face produces negative pressure guiding radome fairing front end arc surface is flowed out from upper and lower two side planes airflow duct, reduce by The air inlet connected when the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward to light path gas chamber front end with free surrounding space produces air inlet shadow Ring.
Scheme is further:The light path gas chamber is the strip space that cross section is rectangle, among strip space Axis, which is uniformly distributed, is provided with multiple rectangular frames, and the light fibre humidity transducer is along two opposite frames of the rectangular frame On frame, the optical fiber that is wound in adjacent frame joins end to end to connect to be serially connected spaced uniform winding.
Scheme is further:The optical fiber total length that the multiple frame is serially connected is at least 1000mm.
Scheme is further:Light coupling is provided with two opposite frames, the optical fiber passes through light coupling It is wrapped in through frame on frame.
Scheme is further:The optical fiber being serially connected at least sets two groups.
A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring method, and the humidity measuring instrument is horizontally mounted Be a radome fairing at aircraft back, outside the negative pressure cabin of described device, in radome fairing central axis and light path air chamber length direction Mandrel line overlaps, and the front end of radome fairing is a raised arc surface, and radome fairing is in smoothing junction with arc surface up and down Plane, radome fairing rear end is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, is respectively arranged with and bears in the left and right sides plane of the radome fairing The through hole of storehouse connection is pressed, openings connect an airflow duct perpendicular to plane, and conduit mouth is windward side height, a leeward Low groove, when the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure and drives negative pressure cabin air-flow suitable Conduit mouth suctions out, and then the gas outside measurement storehouse is flowed by the negative pressure that air flow in negative pressure cabin produces from the front end of light path gas chamber Enter;The method is:By the raised arc surface of device radome fairing towards plane nose to installation, aircraft, which clears the runway, have been started Fly, start to measure;The track that aircraft rises is risen with the track spiraled, one week height risen of often spiraling be 800 meters extremely 1000 meters, humidity data, aircraft GPS positioning data are read in real time, and both are combined, and are formed with location information Sent after meteorological data information to earth station.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention is gas sensing techniques of new generation using TDLAS technologies, and the response time is fast (0.1 second-time), no information is sluggish, is carried by medium-and-large-sized unmanned aerial vehicle platform, and sensor is placed outside unmanned plane machine back of the body position, nothing Man-machine setting spiral path, gathers vertical section information.
The present invention uses a kind of light of the anti-vibration of cascaded structure-optical coupling long light path gas chamber, and one kind is designed outside gas chamber The kuppe of air is sucked by negative pressure, avoids the air frontal impact sensor of high-speed flight.To ensure ground high humility and height Empty low humidity situation, this method devise the probe of two kinds of light paths, and sensor number passes the GPS information that program module reads aircraft, By positional information and weather information synchronous acquisition, realize that geography information is merged with weather information.
Invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention monnolithic case schematic perspective view;
Fig. 2 is the lateral view of apparatus of the present invention, the A direction views of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is apparatus of the present invention front view, and the B of Fig. 1 is to diagram;
Fig. 4 be apparatus of the present invention inside a direction structure diagram, the C-C views of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 be apparatus of the present invention inside another direction structure diagram, the D-D views of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is apparatus of the present invention humidity sensor assembling structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring instrument, and as shown in Figures 1 to 5, including one is used for One flat base 1 at survey aircraft back is installed, a measurement storehouse 2 is horizontally mounted on pedestal, measure be provided with storehouse with can Tuning semiconductor laser absorption spectrum TDLAS(Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy)System The light fibre humidity transducer connected with Wireless data transmission module, Wireless data transmission module is by the humidity data of reception Grounded receiving station is transferred to, wherein, as shown in figure 4, being horizontally disposed with the measurement storehouse has a light path gas chamber 201, the light Journey gas chamber is the strip space that cross section is rectangle, is a rectangular enclosure around light path gas chamber, and light fibre humidity transducer is set In light path gas chamber, light path gas chamber front end 201-1 is provided with a gas buffer cover 202, and light path gas chamber front end passes through impact-absorbing shell Connected with free surrounding space, an air-negative-pressure storehouse 203 is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, measure the gas outside storehouse by negative pressure cabin The negative pressure that air flow produces is flowed into from the front end of light path gas chamber.
In embodiment:As shown in Figure 1, it is a radome fairing 204, radome fairing central axis and light path gas outside the negative pressure cabin Room length direction central axis overlaps, and the front end of radome fairing is a raised arc surface 204-1, and radome fairing is up and down With arc surface smooth connection and parallel to the plane 204-2 of axis, radome fairing rear end is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, described The left and right sides plane of radome fairing is respectively arranged with the through hole 203-1 connected with negative pressure cabin, and openings connect one perpendicular to flat The airflow duct 203-2 in face, conduit mouth are a surface side windward(Raised circular arc surface side)The low groove 203-2- in high, leeward surface side 1, the best angle of groove is 45 degree;The principle for the negative pressure that air flow produces is in negative pressure cabin:When the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives When travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure and drives negative pressure cabin air-flow to be suctioned out along conduit mouth, and then makes outside measurement storehouse Gas is flowed into by the negative pressure that air flow in negative pressure cabin produces from the front end of light path gas chamber.
In embodiment:Radome fairing front end arc surface is provided with cambered surface stomata 204-1-1 in the cambered surface of both sides up and down, whole Flow and the through hole 204-2-1 connected with cambered surface stomata is respectively equipped with the lower planes of cover, openings connect one perpendicular to plane Airflow duct 204-2-2, conduit mouth is a surface side windward(Raised circular arc surface side)The low groove 204-2- in high leeward surface side 2-1, the best angle of groove is 45 degree;When the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure Guide an air-flow part for radome fairing front end arc surface to be flowed out from upper and lower two side planes airflow duct and reduce what is driven due to aircraft The air inlet that measurement storehouse connects light path gas chamber front end with free surrounding space when travelling forward, which produces air inlet, to be influenced.
In embodiment:The light path gas chamber is the strip space that cross section is rectangle, perpendicular to strip space medial axis It is uniformly distributed and is provided with multiple rectangular frames 3, as shown in fig. 6, the light fibre humidity transducer 4 is opposite along the rectangular frame On frame, the optical fiber that is wound in adjacent frame joins end to end to connect to be serially connected two spaced uniform windings of frame.
In embodiment:The optical fiber total length that the multiple frame is serially connected is at least 1000mm.
In embodiment:Light coupling 5 is provided with two opposite frames, the optical fiber is passed through by light coupling Frame is wrapped on frame.
In embodiment:The optical fiber being serially connected at least sets two groups.
In above-described embodiment, multiple frames are supported on the light-optical coupling for the anti-vibration that cascaded structure is formed in light path gas chamber Long light path gas chamber, designs a kind of kuppe by negative pressure suction air outside gas chamber, avoids the air frontal impact of high-speed flight Sensor.To ensure that ground high humility and high-altitude low humidity situation, this structure at least set two in the optical fiber being serially connected Group forms the probe of two kinds of light paths, and switches over measurement by TDLAS systems, and TDLAS system hosts are placed in unmanned plane and set In standby load cabin, two lasers carry out redundancy guarantee.Sensor self-contained storing devices, real-time storage humidity information.Foundation at the same time UAV Communication link, there is provided sensor number to pass program module, reads the GPS information of aircraft, by positional information and meteorological letter Synchronous acquisition is ceased, realizes that geography information is merged with weather information.
To ensure measurement accuracy, humidity sensor is placed in machine back, avoids wing position high speed airflow influence, tail Position engine temperature influences.System host is installed in unmanned plane equipment compartment.
System host accesses in aircraft the baroceptor also set up and the present embodiment by signal converting processing board Humidity sensor, while the GPS positioning information of unmanned plane is read, by the sensing data containing spatial positional information by nobody Machine transparent transmission radio station is sent to UAV ground control station, and preserves data.
System includes data sensor subsystem, data communication subsystem, data process subsystem, power management system really System.
Power-supply management system is system power supply by unmanned plane power module;Data sensor subsystem by temperature, humidity, Pressure sensor is integrated with being applied;Data process subsystem reads sensing data, unmanned plane GPS positioning data, and will Both combine, and form the meteorological data information with location information;Information after data communication subsystem is integrated is sent to ground Stand.
Wherein, humidity sensor uses TDLAS Laser Modulation absorption techniqueses.It is measurement low humidity, it is necessary to long-range light optical coupling Gas chamber, while to meet that unmanned machine vibration, impact require, therefore using the tandem light optical coupling side of 50mm laser welding modes Formula, is spliced into 1m light paths.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring method, is the method for 1 described device of Application Example, Therefore the content in embodiment 1 also should be for the content in the present embodiment, wherein:The humidity measuring instrument is horizontally mounted Be a radome fairing at aircraft back, outside the negative pressure cabin of described device, in radome fairing central axis and light path air chamber length direction Mandrel line overlaps, and the front end of radome fairing is a raised arc surface, and radome fairing is in smoothing junction with arc surface up and down Plane, radome fairing rear end is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, is respectively arranged with and bears in the left and right sides plane of the radome fairing The through hole of storehouse connection is pressed, openings connect an airflow duct perpendicular to plane, and conduit mouth is windward side height, a leeward Low groove, when the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure and drives negative pressure cabin air-flow suitable Conduit mouth suctions out, and then the gas outside measurement storehouse is flowed by the negative pressure that air flow in negative pressure cabin produces from the front end of light path gas chamber Enter;The method is:By the raised arc surface of device radome fairing towards plane nose to installation, aircraft, which clears the runway, have been started Fly, start to measure;The track that aircraft rises is risen with the track spiraled, one week height risen of often spiraling be 800 meters extremely 1000 meters, humidity data, aircraft GPS positioning data are read in real time, and both are combined, and are formed with location information Sent after meteorological data information to earth station.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring instrument, including one is used to install survey aircraft back One flat base, a measurement storehouse is horizontally mounted on pedestal, measures in storehouse and sets and TDLAS systems and Wireless data transmission mould The humidity data of reception is transferred to ground receiver by the light fibre humidity transducer of block connection, Wireless data transmission module Stand, it is characterised in that being horizontally disposed with the measurement storehouse has a light path gas chamber, and light fibre humidity transducer is arranged on light path gas chamber In, light path gas chamber front end is connected with free surrounding space, and an air-negative-pressure storehouse is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, measures the gas outside storehouse Body is flowed into by the negative pressure that air flow in negative pressure cabin produces from the front end of light path gas chamber;
It is a radome fairing outside the negative pressure cabin, radome fairing central axis is overlapped with light path air chamber length direction central axis, whole The front end of stream cover is a raised arc surface, and radome fairing is plane with arc surface smooth connection up and down, radome fairing Rear end is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, the left and right sides plane of the radome fairing be respectively arranged with connected with negative pressure cabin it is logical Hole, openings connect an airflow duct perpendicular to plane, and conduit mouth is the low groove of windward side height, a leeward, when When travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure and drives negative pressure cabin air-flow to be suctioned out along conduit mouth in the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives, And then the gas outside measurement storehouse is set to be flowed into by the negative pressure that air flow in negative pressure cabin produces from the front end of light path gas chamber.
2. vertical section Laser Modulation in high-altitude according to claim 1 absorbs humidity measuring instrument, it is characterised in that described Radome fairing front end arc surface is provided with cambered surface stomata in both sides cambered surfaces up and down, is respectively equipped with the lower planes of radome fairing and arc The through hole of face stomata connection, openings connect an airflow duct perpendicular to plane, and conduit mouth is leeward for a windward side height The low groove in face, when the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure guiding radome fairing front end An air-flow part for arc surface is flowed out from upper and lower two side planes airflow duct, is reduced since the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is being transported forward The air inlet connected when dynamic on light path gas chamber front end with free surrounding space, which produces air inlet, to be influenced.
3. vertical section Laser Modulation in high-altitude according to claim 1 absorbs humidity measuring instrument, it is characterised in that described Light path gas chamber is the strip space that cross section is rectangle, and perpendicular to strip space, medial axis, which is uniformly distributed, is provided with multiple rectangles Frame, the light fibre humidity transducer along two opposite spaced uniform windings of frame of the rectangular frame on frame, The optical fiber wound in adjacent frame joins end to end to connect and is serially connected.
4. vertical section Laser Modulation in high-altitude according to claim 3 absorbs humidity measuring instrument, it is characterised in that described The optical fiber total length that multiple frames are serially connected is at least 1000mm.
5. vertical section Laser Modulation in high-altitude according to claim 3 absorbs humidity measuring instrument, it is characterised in that described Light coupling is provided with two opposite frames, the optical fiber is wrapped on frame by light coupling through frame.
6. vertical section Laser Modulation in high-altitude according to claim 3 absorbs humidity measuring instrument, it is characterised in that described The optical fiber being serially connected at least sets two groups.
7. a kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring method, by the humidity measuring instrument described in claim 1 Aircraft back is horizontally arranged at, is a radome fairing outside the negative pressure cabin of described device, radome fairing central axis is grown with light path gas chamber Direction central axis is spent to overlap, the front end of radome fairing is a raised arc surface, radome fairing be up and down and arc surface Plane in smoothing junction, radome fairing rear end is connected with light path gas chamber rear end, is set respectively in the left and right sides plane of the radome fairing It is equipped with the through hole connected with negative pressure cabin, openings connect one perpendicular to plane airflow duct, conduit mouth is a windward side height, The low groove of leeward, when the measurement storehouse that aircraft drives is travelling forward, conduit mouth leeward produces negative pressure and drives negative pressure cabin Air-flow is suctioned out along conduit mouth, and then makes gas outside measurement storehouse by the negative pressure that air flow in negative pressure cabin produces from light path gas chamber Front end flows into;It is characterized in that, the method is:By the raised arc surface of device radome fairing towards plane nose to installation, fly Machine, which clears the runway, to be started to take off, and starts to measure;The track that aircraft rises is risen with the track spiraled, and often spirals what is risen one week Highly it is 800 meters to 1000 meters, reads humidity data, aircraft GPS positioning data in real time, and both are combined, is formed Sent after meteorological data information with location information to earth station.
CN201510877657.0A 2015-12-04 2015-12-04 A kind of high-altitude vertical section Laser Modulation absorbs humidity measuring instrument and method Active CN105548071B (en)

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Address after: Building 24, 18th Courtyard, Kechuang 13th Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176

Patentee after: Beijing Aerospace Tianhong Intelligent Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Building 24, 18th Courtyard, Kechuang 13th Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176

Patentee before: BEIJING AEROSPACE YILIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd.

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Date of cancellation: 20230919

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Registration number: Y2022990000667

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Denomination of invention: A high-altitude vertical profile laser modulation absorption humidity measurement device and method

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