CN105544567A - Civil engineering structure for total slope greening construction method of abrupt rock slope - Google Patents
Civil engineering structure for total slope greening construction method of abrupt rock slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN105544567A CN105544567A CN201610087828.4A CN201610087828A CN105544567A CN 105544567 A CN105544567 A CN 105544567A CN 201610087828 A CN201610087828 A CN 201610087828A CN 105544567 A CN105544567 A CN 105544567A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a civil engineering structure adapted to an abrupt rock slope greening vegetation technology and discloses a civil engineering structure for a total slope greening construction method of an abrupt rock slope. The abrupt rock slope is sequentially covered with a zinc plated net (4) and a geocell screen plate (1), and the zinc plated net (4) and the geocell screen plate (1) are fixed on the surface of the abrupt rock slope (7) through steel rivets (2); a biological concrete layer (5) and a soil overburden layer (6) are sequentially put in a space formed by geocell and above the zinc plated net (4); the zinc plated net (4) is a net plate woven by zinc plated metal wires; the geocell screen plate (1) is woven by a nonmetal plate with a certain height, the steel rivets (2) are L-shaped or in a shape like Eta, and the biological concrete layer (5) is porous vegetation concrete and is poured into the geocell through a machine or manual work; the soil overburden layer (6) is formed by spraying alien soil mixed with plant seeds through a machine and covering the geocell with the soil. A structure technology which is simple to operate is provided, most of structures adopt standard parts and universal parts, the manufacturing cost is low, greening is dependent on the abrupt rock slope, and the structure technology is firm and safe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of civil engineering structure adapted with steep rocky slope afforestation vegetation technology, the especially a kind of and full slope greening of steep rocky slope, the civil engineering structure that employing concrete, soil moved in improve the original engineering method adapt.
Background technology
The full slope greening of steep rocky slope is a difficult problem both domestic and external at present.Successfully develop porous concrete at present, but not yet find it to be successfully poured into steep rocky slope and successfully realize afforest precedent.Such as:
[1]. Zhang Zhendong (Chongqing Jiaotong University), Luo Bin, Zhang Lanjun, etc, rock side slope gap gradation plant cover concrete slope protecting technique [J]. highway communication technology, 2008, (03), pp127-130.The document introduces two kinds of major constituents forms of rock side slope gap gradation plant cover concrete, analyzes its pluses and minuses, and suggestion promotes the use of gap gradation complete filling type plant cover concrete method to afforest rock side slope.The crushing resistance that wherein porous concrete tool is certain and fold resistance, and concrete pore rate is greater than 30%.
[2]. Wu Lei (Wuhan University of Technology). grass-planting ecological concrete work application study [D]. master, Wuhan University of Technology 2011.Document research is filled material by porous concrete, top layer soil moved in improve the original and plant growth and is made grass-planting ecological concrete, and will study the grass-planting ecological the reinforcement of concrete made in landscape wharf and bank protection work to realize afforesting.
[3]. Chen Zhiqiang (Shijiazhuang City Xibaipo freeway management place), alien earth sparging slope of highway greening in construction technology and application [J]. Hebei Forestry Science and Technology, 2013, (6), pp53-55. document research geotechnical grid and the embody rule of three dimensional network bi-material in alien earth sparging, to provide in the application that slope of highway is afforested for alien earth sparging and accumulates experience.
[4]. Deng Futang (Yunnan University). tropical and subtropical zone mountainous area highway slope ecological recovery engineering and technological research---for Yunnan Sixiao highway [D]. doctor, it is main research object that Yunnan University 2010. document thinks little expressway slope with Yunnan, with the slope ecological system recovering to coordinate mutually with surrounding enviroment for Task, indigenous plant before recovering is investigated, foliage filter screening, plants configuration and community hight, restore engineering is implemented into the vegetation recovery effect after recovery, vegetation structure step analysis and soil and water conservation effect evaluation, whole research runs through Yunnan thinks little expressway slope Ecological Restoration Works whole story.Research relates to rock side-slope and adopts geotechnical grid, alien earth sparging and plant biological bag technical matters to recover vegetation, realizes greening.
[5]. Li Xinling (Shandong University). the optimum choice [D] of highway Chip Rock vegetation on slope soil retaining technology and plant species. master, Shandong University 2012. document is by 95 case history investigation, optimize the soil retaining technology being suitable for Chip Rock vegetation on slope---three dimension geotechnical gauze pad, geotechnical grid, spray sowing and rhombus iron net, its construction technology is described, with stable side slope vegetative protection, realize slope greening.
Although above technology develops porous concrete, be not both applied to steep rocky slope and realized greening, technical scheme more how not implement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of technical scheme adopting porous concrete to be applied to steep rocky slope realization greening civil engineering structure is provided.
Object of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme.
A civil engineering structure for the full slope greening engineering method of steep rocky slope, is characterized in that:
On steep rocky slope face, cover as follows successively
Zinc-plated net, geotechnical grid web plate, both are fixed on steep rocky slope face by steel holdfast;
On zinc-plated net, geotechnical grid formed space in cover eco-concrete layer and overburden layer successively;
Described zinc-plated net is the web plate be woven into by galvanized metal silk, and the diameter of galvanized wire is 2.2mm ± 10%, and the grid of braiding assumes diamond in shape or the polygon of rule, and the area of grid hole is 25cm
2± 15%;
Described geotechnical grid web plate is that the non-metal board woollen yarn knitting with certain altitude is formed, the height of non-metal board is 15cm ± 10%, the thickness of non-metal board is 1.2mm ± 10%, reciprocal bending about non-metal board, article two, adjacent non-metal board docks in opposite directions and forms the rhomboid geotechnical grid of class, the angle of rhombus can be circular arc, and the distance of each geotechnical grid in length of grade direction is 25cm ± 10%;
Described steel holdfast is L-type or η type, and the diameter of steel holdfast is 8mm ± 10%, and length is 50-80cm;
Described steel holdfast fixes a row at distance 1m ± 10% place, length of grade direction from top to bottom, and the horizontal range of same row's adjacent steel holdfast is 0.4m ± 10%;
Described eco-concrete layer is porous vegetation concrete, by machine or manually build within geotechnical grid;
Described overburden layer is the soil moved in improve the original that preparation is mixed with vegetable seeds, is sowed grass seeds by duster be covered within geotechnical grid by machine spray pattern;
Described zinc-plated net and geotechnical grid web plate, are fixed by vertical holdfast apart from 1m ± 20% place, abrupt slope close to mild face at top, slope, and vertical holdfast embeds more than 2.5m in ground, and the diameter of vertical holdfast is 8mm ± 10%, and the spaced distance of vertical holdfast is 1m ± 20%;
The thickness proportion of described eco-concrete layer in described geotechnical grid is 50% ± 10%;
Described overburden layer upper surface be positioned at geotechnical grid plate height ± 10%.
This item association adopts the scheme of these three fundamentals of geotechnical grid, overburden layer and porous vegetation concrete, and rational and orderly arrangement is constructed, to realize the entirely domatic greening target of steep rocky slope.
The key technology of this project is select greening scheme and determine construction method; Leading indicator is the successful of the steep rocky slope greening construction adopting porous concrete and the final realization of greening target.
In order to build porous concrete (i.e. eco-concrete) rising steeply on rock side slope, proposing to adopt three basic elements such as porous concrete to implement greening side slopes, and proposing concrete construction sequence.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the steep rocky slope greening method adopting geotechnical grid, soil moved in improve the original and porous vegetation concrete.In Scheme Choice, consider overburden layer, be also the function of soil moved in improve the original, geotechnical grid and porous concrete: soil moved in improve the original is fixed on porous concrete, is the material base of plant growth; Porous concrete is built within geotechnical grid, fixing soil moved in improve the original; Porous concrete loose when geotechnical grid fixes pouring construction, also can play certain maintenance moisture to the soil moved in improve the original of after this filling.Three key element synergy such as geotechnical grid, soil moved in improve the original and porous vegetation concrete realize rising steeply rock slope greening.
Be equipped with the stage at material, do following work: prepare the soil moved in improve the original, preparation porous concrete, preparation geotechnical grid and the accessory (as zinc-plated net, steel holdfast etc.) that are mixed with vegetable seeds.
Reinforcement Works of Rock Slopes comprises: side slope cuts slope, side slope cleaning, catchwater builds by laying bricks or stones, nursery stock protection and transplanting etc. in the former barricade of construction work of porous concrete, toe.
Construction work of porous concrete part of the present invention:
Construction work of porous concrete step is divided into 6 steps, namely 1. smooth domatic, and 2. the construction of steel holdfast and zinc-plated net laying are established, 3. the hanging up of geotechnical grid, 4. the building of eco-concrete, and the 5. injection of overburden layer (i.e. soil moved in improve the original), 6. starts maintenance in early stage.
Further, the non-metal board forming described geotechnical grid web plate is rubber tile or flexible plastic plate.
Further, in the horizontal direction, described geotechnical grid web plate is separated by 5m ± 10% place, arranges reinforcing clip to geotechnical grid, the clamping plate of described reinforcing clip to be metal be u shape.
Further, described galvanized metal silk is mild steel wire, stainless steel wire or aluminum-alloy wire.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: provide a kind of technical scheme adopting porous concrete to be applied to steep rocky slope realization greening civil engineering structure, simple to operate, most of structural component, material and utensil, device are standard component, general part, and cost of manufacture is low.
The present invention adopts on steep rocky slope face, cover following zinc-plated net, geotechnical grid web plate successively, the technical scheme covering eco-concrete layer and overburden layer successively on zinc-plated net, in the space that formed of geotechnical grid never occurred both at home and abroad, do not adopt pioneering technology, there is novelty.
Apparatus of the present invention structure depend on steep rocky slope firmly, safety, it is convenient that planting technique covers steep rocky slope, comprehensively.Greatly improve, optimize the open country, hillside of China's length and breadth of land, greening environment, have very huge creativeness and using value, promote tourist industry, economic benefit, social effect are far-reaching.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the civil engineering structure of the full slope greening engineering method of steep rocky slope of the present invention, perpendicular to the generalized section on abrupt slope;
Fig. 2 is the front view of geotechnical grid web plate of the present invention, illustrates partial configuration in the embodiment on abrupt slope.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 2.
In figure, 1 is geotechnical grid web plate; 2 is steel holdfasts; 4 is zinc-plated nets; 5 is eco-concrete layers; 6 is overburden layers; 7 is steep rocky slopes; 8 is vertical holdfasts; 9 is reinforcing clips.
Detailed description of the invention
Structure of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The civil engineering structure of the full slope greening engineering method of a kind of steep rocky slope:
On steep rocky slope face, cover as follows successively
Zinc-plated net 4, geotechnical grid web plate 1, both are fixed on steep rocky slope 7 by steel holdfast 2;
On zinc-plated net 4, geotechnical grid formed space in cover eco-concrete layer 5 and overburden layer 6 successively;
Described zinc-plated net 4 is the web plate be woven into by galvanized metal silk, and the diameter of galvanized wire is 2.2mm ± 10%, and the grid of braiding assumes diamond in shape or the polygon of rule, and the area of grid hole is 25cm
2± 15%;
Described geotechnical grid web plate 1 is for having the non-metal board woollen yarn knitting formation of certain altitude, the height of non-metal board is 15cm ± 10%, the thickness of non-metal board is 1.2mm ± 10%, reciprocal bending about non-metal board, article two, adjacent non-metal board docks in opposite directions and forms the rhomboid geotechnical grid of class, the angle of rhombus can be circular arc, and the distance of each geotechnical grid in length of grade direction is 25cm ± 10%;
Described steel holdfast 2 is in L-type or η type, and the diameter of steel holdfast 2 is 8mm ± 10%, and length is 50-80cm;
Described steel holdfast 2 fixes a row at distance 1m ± 10% place, length of grade direction from top to bottom, and the horizontal range of same row's adjacent steel holdfast 2 is 0.4m ± 10%;
Described eco-concrete layer 5 is porous vegetation concrete, by machine or manually build within geotechnical grid;
Described overburden layer 6 is the soil moved in improve the original that preparation is mixed with vegetable seeds, is sowed grass seeds by duster be covered within geotechnical grid by machine spray pattern;
Described zinc-plated net 4 and geotechnical grid web plate 1 at top, slope close to mild face, fixed apart from 1m ± 20% place, abrupt slope by vertical holdfast 8, vertical holdfast 8 embeds more than 2.5m in ground, and the diameter of vertical holdfast 8 is 8mm ± 10%, and the spaced distance of vertical holdfast 8 is 1m ± 20%;
The thickness proportion of described eco-concrete layer 5 in described geotechnical grid is 50% ± 10%;
Described overburden layer 6 upper surface be positioned at geotechnical grid plate height ± 10%.
The non-metal board forming described geotechnical grid web plate 1 is rubber tile or flexible plastic plate.This material is corrosion-resistant, and cost is low, wide material sources, easily.
In the horizontal direction, described geotechnical grid web plate 1 is separated by 5m ± 10% place, arranges reinforcing clip 9 to geotechnical grid, described reinforcing clip 9 for metal be the clamping plate of u shape.Special occasions, the gradient is greater than more than 60 degree, and considering increases reinforcing clip 9 in upper and lower junction, and structure is simple, and effect obviously.
Described galvanized metal silk is mild steel wire, stainless steel wire or aluminum-alloy wire.Adopt cheap, vast standard component of originating as far as possible.
Be below an embodiment, have chosen Ningbo one place rock side slope when side slope is chosen domatic.This project is positioned at Yuyao City waterside river valley K55+145-210 section, and to the west of city, Yuyao, air line distance is about 20Km place.
This side slope is based on decomposed rock matter type, and investigation side slope section exposure length more than 60 meter, this side slope discrepancy in elevation is relatively low, generally at 8-16m, relates to improvement area and is about 1050m
2.
This improvement point slope of highway has all carried out preliminary improvement early stage, Ti Xiao slope, slope and levelling cleaning are mainly carried out, and below toe, build greening treatment in retaining wall and barricade, side slope all locates naked state after the cleaning, whole side slope cleaning is overall relatively regular, form platform after part cuts slope, scar inclination angle is generally between 55-65 °, and the local gradient is more than 70 °.Do not renovated after the highway cutting slope excavation administered, bare side sloping affects by surface water for a long time, side slope rock decay corrosion function is caused to aggravate, side slope scar and Po Ding also exist loosening sillar, the bad geological phenomenon such as crag and float stone of some, under extreme weather conditions, highway different locations side slope there occurs small-scale fall the phenomenon such as block, avalanche or domatic soil layer soil erosion, present situation shows to there is the potential safety hazard such as avalanche and falling rocks, constitutes the impact on highway communication and pedestrian.After adopting the technical program, obtain good technique effect, domatic comprehensive covering greening, vegetation is firm, does not come off, and environmental quality is obviously optimized pleasant, and microclimate also improves.
Described geotechnical grid web plate 1, the welding of thickness 1.2mm geotechnical grid is by the high density polyethylene (HDPE) of high strength (HDPE), the cellular spatial lattice structure formed through high-frequency ultrasonic welding (or snapping).Capable of expansion and contraction, can contract during transport and gather into folds, during use, open the structure forming and there is powerful lateral limitation and large rigidity.
Described zinc-plated net 4 is rhombus net, and mesh is even, wire side is smooth, braiding is succinct, crocheting forms, elegant in appearance; Twine high-quality, net width are wider, the string diameter comparatively thick not easily burn into life-span is longer, practical.
Claims (4)
1. a civil engineering structure for the full slope greening engineering method of steep rocky slope, is characterized in that:
On steep rocky slope face, cover as follows successively:
Zinc-plated net (4), geotechnical grid web plate (1), both are fixed on steep rocky slope (7) face by steel holdfast (2);
On zinc-plated net (4), geotechnical grid formed space in cover eco-concrete layer (5) and overburden layer (6) successively;
Described zinc-plated net (4) is the web plate be woven into by galvanized metal silk, and the diameter of galvanized wire is 2.2mm ± 10%, and the grid of braiding assumes diamond in shape or the polygon of rule, and the area of grid hole is 25cm
2± 15%;
Described geotechnical grid web plate (1) is for having the non-metal board woollen yarn knitting formation of certain altitude, the height of non-metal board is 15cm ± 10%, the thickness of non-metal board is 1.2mm ± 10%, reciprocal bending about non-metal board, article two, adjacent non-metal board docks in opposite directions and forms the rhomboid geotechnical grid of class, the angle of rhombus can be circular arc, and the distance of each geotechnical grid in length of grade direction is 25cm ± 10%;
Described steel holdfast (2) is in L-type or η type, and the diameter of steel holdfast (2) is 8mm ± 10%, and length is 50-80cm;
Described steel holdfast (2) fixes a row at distance 1m ± 10% place, length of grade direction from top to bottom, and the horizontal range of same row's adjacent steel holdfast (2) is 0.4m ± 10%;
Described eco-concrete layer (5) is porous vegetation concrete, by machine or manually build within geotechnical grid;
Described overburden layer (6) is the soil moved in improve the original that preparation is mixed with vegetable seeds, and being sowed grass seeds by duster by machine spray pattern is covered within geotechnical grid;
Described zinc-plated net (4) and geotechnical grid web plate (1) at top, slope close to mild face, fixed apart from 1m ± 20% place, abrupt slope by vertical holdfast (8), vertical holdfast (8) embeds more than 2.5m in ground, the diameter of vertical holdfast (8) is 8mm ± 10%, and vertical holdfast (8) spaced distance is 1m ± 20%;
The thickness proportion of described eco-concrete layer (5) in described geotechnical grid is 50% ± 10%;
Described overburden layer (6) upper surface be positioned at geotechnical grid plate height ± 10%.
2. the civil engineering structure of the full slope greening engineering method of steep rocky slope according to claim 1, is characterized in that the non-metal board forming described geotechnical grid web plate (1) is rubber tile or flexible plastic plate.
3. the civil engineering structure of the full slope greening engineering method of steep rocky slope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the horizontal direction, described geotechnical grid web plate (1) is separated by 5m ± 10% place, reinforcing clip (9) is arranged to geotechnical grid, described reinforcing clip (9) for metal be the clamping plate of u shape.
4. the civil engineering structure of the full slope greening engineering method of steep rocky slope according to claim 1, is characterized in that described galvanized metal silk is mild steel wire, stainless steel wire or aluminum-alloy wire.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108260336A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-06 | 四会市华通金属筛网制品有限公司 | A kind of extension zinc web plate |
| CN109183817A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | A kind of construction method of the tall and big effective soil horizon of precipitous rock slope ecological safeguard structure |
| CN111042158A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 郑楚英 | Plant measure method for concrete frame and mortar rubble framework slope protection |
| CN112544350A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 中建五局第三建设有限公司 | Construction method for protecting side slope of ecological grass planting roadbed in geocell |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108260336A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-06 | 四会市华通金属筛网制品有限公司 | A kind of extension zinc web plate |
| CN109183817A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | A kind of construction method of the tall and big effective soil horizon of precipitous rock slope ecological safeguard structure |
| CN111042158A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 郑楚英 | Plant measure method for concrete frame and mortar rubble framework slope protection |
| CN111042158B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-07-20 | 郑楚英 | Plant planting method for concrete frame and mortar rubble framework slope protection |
| CN112544350A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 中建五局第三建设有限公司 | Construction method for protecting side slope of ecological grass planting roadbed in geocell |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105544567B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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