CN105543681A - Vanadium-contained 10.9-level steel for fastener for rail transit mobile equipment and heat treatment technology of vanadium-contained 10.9-level steel - Google Patents
Vanadium-contained 10.9-level steel for fastener for rail transit mobile equipment and heat treatment technology of vanadium-contained 10.9-level steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105543681A CN105543681A CN201510972010.6A CN201510972010A CN105543681A CN 105543681 A CN105543681 A CN 105543681A CN 201510972010 A CN201510972010 A CN 201510972010A CN 105543681 A CN105543681 A CN 105543681A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides vanadium-contained 10.9-level steel for a fastener for rail transit mobile equipment. The steel mainly comprises following chemical elements including, by mass percentage, 0.33% to 0.38% of C, 0.05% to 0.10% of Si, 0.70% to 0.90% of Mn, 0.70% to 0.90% of Cr, 0.30% to 0.60% of Ni, 0.20% to 0.30% of Mo, 0.015% to 0.045% of Als, 0.06% to 0.10% of V, 0.006% to 0.010% of [N], not larger than 0.010% of P, not larger than 0.005% of S and not larger than 0.0015% of T[O]. The autstenitic grain size of steel obtained after heat treatment is larger than 10.0 level, and according to the structure of the steel obtained after heat treatment, a small amount of small pro-eutectoid ferrite is dispersed and distributed on a tempered sorbite base body, wherein, the amount of the pro-eutectoid ferrite is smaller than or equal to 5%, and the size of the pro-eutectoid ferrite is smaller than or equal to 5 micrometers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of alloy steel, especially 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment steel for fastener and thermal treatment process thereof.
Background technology
Fastening piece commercially also referred to as standardized component, be two or more part (or component) is fastenedly connected become one overall time the general name of class mechanical component that adopts.Its feature is that description is various, and performance purposes is different, and stdn, seriation, unitized strong.Fastening piece is most widely used mechanical basic part, is in great demand.The strength level of the high-intensity fasteners such as high strength bolt is generally divided into 8.8,9.8,10.9 and 12.9 four ranks, is generally medium carbon steel or the medium carbon alloy steel of modifier treatment.
Along with high speed, the heavy loading of track traffic, key components and parts is hit and vibrations enlarge markedly, fatigure failure becomes its principal mode lost efficacy, and requires to significantly improve, be badly in need of the steel for fastener of low-temperature impact-resistant, anti-fatigue performance excellence to the low-temperature impact toughness of steel, fatigue property.For guaranteeing low-temperature impact-resistant, the anti-fatigue performance of fastening piece, at present, China's high speed, the heavily loaded track traffic Mobile Equipment high alloy-structural steels such as 10.9 grades, 12.9 grades many employings 4340 of steel for fastener, 40CrNiMo and 18Cr2Ni4WE, production difficulty is large, the noble alloy consumption such as Ni, Mo are large, production cost is high, and import mostly.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming prior art Problems existing, the invention provides containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment steel for fastener and thermal treatment process thereof, while meeting track traffic Mobile Equipment high-strength and high ductility fastening piece low-temperature impact-resistant, anti-fatigue performance, rationally, balancedly can utilize resource, adopt less alloy adding, reduce production cost and production difficulty.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment steel for fastener, mainly comprise the chemical element of following mass percentage (%): C0.33 ~ 0.38%, Si0.05 ~ 0.10%, Mn0.70 ~ 0.90%, Cr0.70 ~ 0.90%, Ni0.30 ~ 0.60%, Mo0.20 ~ 0.30%, Als0.015 ~ 0.045%, V0.06 ~ 0.10%, [N] 0.006 ~ 0.010%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, T [O]≤0.0015%; After the fastening piece thermal treatment adopting described steel for fastener to prepare steel be organized as a small amount of tiny proeutectoid ferrite of Dispersed precipitate on tempered sorbite matrix, wherein, the proeutectoid ferrite scale of construction≤5%, size≤5 μm.For improving toughness and the anti-fatigue performance of steel, the Ca of 0.001 ~ 0.005% also can be added.
The present invention also provides a kind of rolling technology of the steel for fastener containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipments: the billet heating temperature of chemical composition is by 1050-1250 DEG C of scope control as claimed in claim 1, thick, middle mill milling is completed more than 1000 DEG C, finishing mill adopts low temperature rolling, controls cold employing retarded cooling process.
The present invention also provides a kind of thermal treatment process containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment fastening pieces, it is characterized in that, chemical composition containing the thermal treatment process of vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment fastening pieces is as claimed in claim 1: 890 ~ 920 DEG C of quenchings+690 ~ 750 DEG C of quenchings+530 ~ 630 DEG C of tempering.
One provided by the invention, containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment fastening pieces, mainly comprises the chemical element of following mass percentage (%): C0.33 ~ 0.38%, Si0.05 ~ 0.10%, Mn0.70 ~ 0.90%, Cr0.70 ~ 0.90%, Ni0.30 ~ 0.60%, Mo0.20 ~ 0.30%, Als0.015 ~ 0.045%, V0.06 ~ 0.10%, [N] 0.006 ~ 0.010%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, T [O]≤0.0015%; After described fastening piece thermal treatment, the autstenitic grain size of steel is greater than 10.0 grades; After described fastening piece thermal treatment steel be organized as a small amount of tiny proeutectoid ferrite of Dispersed precipitate on tempered sorbite matrix, wherein, the proeutectoid ferrite scale of construction≤5%, size≤5 μm; After described fastening piece thermal treatment, vertical mixing coefficient is: R
m1050MPa ~ 1200MPa, R
p0.2>=950MPa, A>=10%, Z>=50% ,-40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb merit KU
2>=80J, under 550MPa pulsating stress condition fatigue lifetime>=1,000 ten thousand times.
Chemical composition design thought of the present invention is as follows:
(1) on 40CrNiMo base steel plinth, suitably reduce the C element content in steel for fastener, improve toughness and the plasticity of steel; (2) suitably add nickel element and add vanadium, the nitrogen element of trace, to improve the hardening capacity of steel and crystal grain thinning, improving the toughness particularly low-temperature flexibility of steel, and improving the intensity of steel and toughness coordinates, improving the anti-fatigue performance of steel; (3) add appropriate Ca element, denaturing treatment is carried out to the inclusion in steel, simultaneously the strict content controlling impurity element T [O], P, S etc. in steel, to improve the anti-fatigue performance of steel further.Crucial part of the present invention is optimizing components adjustment to control organically to combine with metallurgical quality, while acquisition high strength, obtains excellent low-temperature impact-resistant, antifatigue destructive characteristics and lower cost.
Steel of the present invention to comprise chemical element (% by weight) as follows: C:0.33 ~ 0.38, Si:0.05 ~ 0.10, Mn:0.70 ~ 0.90, Cr:0.70 ~ 0.90, Ni:0.30 ~ 0.60, Mo:0.20 ~ 0.30, Als:0.015 ~ 0.045, V:0.06 ~ 0.10, [N]: 0.006 ~ 0.010, Ca:0.001 ~ 0.005, P≤0.010, S≤0.005, T [O]≤0.0015, remaining is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
The effect of above-mentioned each element and proportioning are according to as follows:
It is necessary that C:C element is that high-intensity fasteners steel obtains high intensity.Although high C content is favourable to the intensity of steel etc., totally unfavorable to the cold heading performance of steel, plasticity and toughness, and make that yield tensile ratio reduces, Decarburization Sensitivity increases, worsen anti-fatigue performance and the processing characteristics of steel.Therefore suitably reduce the C content in steel, controlled 0.33 ~ 0.38%.
Si:Si is deoxidant element main in steel, there is very strong solution strengthening effect, but silicon can significantly improve the resistance to deformation of steel, totally unfavorable to cold heading and cold extruding, and the plasticity and toughness that make steel decline by Si too high levels, worsen the anti-fatigue performance of steel, therefore silicone content should not be too high, therefore control Si content is 0.05 ~ 0.10%.
Mn:Mn is the effective element of deoxidation, can also improve hardening capacity and the intensity of steel.When content is less than 0.70%, be difficult to function as described above.But during hardened steel tempering, Mn and P has strong grain boundary cosegregation tendency, and promote temper brittleness, worsen the toughness of steel, thus control Mn content is below 0.90%.
Cr:Cr can improve hardening capacity and the resistance to tempering of steel effectively, to obtain required high strength; Cr also can reduce the activity of C simultaneously, can reduce the steel surface decarburizing tendency in heating, rolling and heat treatment process, has to utilize to obtain high anti-fatigue performance, but too high levels can worsen the toughness of steel, and thus control Cr content is 0.70 ~ 0.90%.
Ni:Ni can improve the hardening capacity of steel, solidity to corrosion and guarantee steel toughness at low temperatures.Consider economy, control Ni content is 0.30 ~ 0.60%.
The effect of Mo:Mo in steel is mainly raising hardening capacity, improves resistance to tempering and prevent temper brittleness.In addition, the reasonable coordination of Mo element and Cr element can make hardening capacity and resistance to tempering be improved significantly.The too low then above-mentioned limited use of Mo content, Mo too high levels, then above-mentioned effect is saturated, and improves the cost of steel.Therefore, control Mo content is 0.20 ~ 0.30%.
V:V is strong carbon, nitride forming element, is combined grain growth when formed small and dispersed carbide can stop heating, plays refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength with C, N, thus can improve the intensity of steel, toughness and anti-fatigue performance simultaneously.V content is lower than 0.06%, and above-mentioned effect is not obvious; V content is higher than 0.10%, and above-mentioned effect is saturated, and improves the cost of steel.Thus control V content is 0.06 ~ 0.10%.
[N]: in V-alloyed steel, nitrogen pick-up facilitates the precipitation of vanadium carbide nitride in austenite, ferrite, in vanadium nitrogen steel, not only precipitated phase quantity significantly increases, and the also obviously refinement (precipitate size is more tiny, and its precipitation strength effect is stronger) of the size of precipitated phase; Meanwhile, in V-alloyed steel, nitrogen pick-up prevents ferrite crystal grain to grow up effectively, plays the effect of fining ferrite grains.The two acting in conjunction, effectively improves intensity and the toughness plasticity of steel.Consider, the range-controllable of [N] is built in 0.006% ~ 0.010%.
Ca:Ca has deoxidization desulfuration and the effect to non-metallic inclusion denaturing treatment, thus improves toughness and the anti-fatigue performance of steel.Ca content is less than 0.001% and does not have above-mentioned effect, but content is more than 0.005%, then add quite difficulty, and inclusion amount increases.Thus control Ca content is 0.001 ~ 0.005%.
P:P can form microsegregation when solidification of molten steel, and when austenitizing temperature heats, segregation, at crystal boundary, makes the fragility of steel enlarge markedly subsequently, so the content of control P is below 0.010%.
S: inevitable impurity in steel, forms MnS and is mingled with and can worsens toughness and the anti-fatigue performance of steel at Grain Boundary Segregation, thus control its content below 0.005%.
T [O]: oxygen forms various oxide inclusion in steel.Under the effect of stress, easily produce stress concentration at these oxide inclusion places, cause the germinating of tiny crack, thus worsen mechanical property particularly toughness and the anti-fatigue performance of steel.Therefore, must take measures to reduce its content as far as possible in metallurgical production.Consider economy, control its content below 0.0015%.
The technological process of production of the present invention is: converter or electrosmelting → external refining → continuous pouring become steel billet → high-speed rod low temperature controlled rolling and controlled cooling rolling → drawing → annealing → drawing → cold-heading → Tempering and Quenching → coating.
Qualified rolling raw material steel billet can be obtained by above-mentioned smelting step.In order to rolling technology needs and make carbon, nitride is solid-solution in austenite, during rolling, billet heating temperature presses 1050-1250 DEG C of scope control.More than 1000 DEG C, complete thick, middle mill milling, namely basic complete rolling in austenite recrystallization district be to realize recrystallization softening, and existing thick, in roll steel rolling equipment and technique easily realizes.Finishing mill adopts low temperature rolling, is conducive to the product tissue that further refinement is final.Control cold employing retarded cooling process, be beneficial to drawing to obtain softening tissue.By annealing, drawing, cold-heading, Tempering and Quenching etc., make 10.9 grades of fastening pieces, wherein, thermal treatment process is employing 890 ~ 920 DEG C quenching+690 ~ 750 DEG C of quenchings+530 ~ 630 DEG C of tempering.
Adopt 10.9 grades of fastening pieces of chemical composition of the present invention, technical process production, the vertical mixing coefficient measuring fastening piece can reach: R
m: 1050MPa ~ 1200MPa, R
p0.2>=950MPa, A>=10%, Z>=50% ,-40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb merit KU
2>=80J, under 550MPa pulsating stress condition fatigue lifetime>=1,000 ten thousand times; The autstenitic grain size of steel is more than or equal to 10.0 grades; After fastening piece Tempering and Quenching, (a small amount of tiny proeutectoid ferrite can suppress fatigue crack growth for a small amount of tiny proeutectoid ferrite of Dispersed precipitate on tempered sorbite matrix that is organized as of steel, improve anti-fatigue performance), wherein, the proeutectoid ferrite scale of construction≤5%, size≤5 μm.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that intensity is high, low-temperature impact-resistant, anti-fatigue performance are excellent.Can obtain the high strength of more than 1050MPa, its plasticity, toughness and anti-fatigue performance are obviously better than business steel, present good strength and toughness cooperation and the anti-fatigue performance of excellence.Wherein, tensile strength>=1050MPa, yield strength>=950MPa, at-40 DEG C, impact of collision absorbs merit KU
2>=80J, under 550MPa pulsating stress condition fatigue lifetime>=1,000 ten thousand times.
Embodiment
Following embodiment is for setting forth the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in following examples.
The technological process of production of the present invention is: converter or electrosmelting → external refining → continuous pouring become steel billet → high-speed rod low temperature controlled rolling and controlled cooling rolling → drawing → annealing → drawing → cold-heading → Tempering and Quenching → coating.
The present invention is as follows containing the embodiment of the melting chemical composition of vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment high-strength and high ductility fastening pieces, performance:
Specification be the melting chemical composition mass percent (wt%) of 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment high-strength and high ductility steel for fastener of M8 ~ M24 in table 1, the performance index after 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment high-strength and high ductility fastening piece Tempering and Quenching are in table 2.
The table 110.9 grade track traffic Mobile Equipment melting chemical composition mass percent (wt%) of high-strength and high ductility steel for fastener
Table 210.9 grade track traffic Mobile Equipment performance index after high-strength and high ductility fastening piece Tempering and Quenching
Claims (5)
1., containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment steel for fastener, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise the chemical element of following mass percentage (%): C0.33 ~ 0.38%, Si0.05 ~ 0.10%, Mn0.70 ~ 0.90%, Cr0.70 ~ 0.90%, Ni0.30 ~ 0.60%, Mo0.20 ~ 0.30%, Als0.015 ~ 0.045%, V0.06 ~ 0.10%, [N] 0.006 ~ 0.010%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, T [O]≤0.0015%; After the fastening piece thermal treatment adopting described steel for fastener to prepare steel be organized as a small amount of tiny proeutectoid ferrite of Dispersed precipitate on tempered sorbite matrix, wherein, the proeutectoid ferrite scale of construction≤5%, size≤5 μm.
2., as claimed in claim containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment steel for fastener, it is characterized in that, also can add the Ca of 0.001 ~ 0.005%.
3. the rolling technology containing the steel for fastener of vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipments, it is characterized in that, the billet heating temperature of chemical composition presses 1050-1250 DEG C of scope control as claimed in claim 1, thick, middle mill milling is completed more than 1000 DEG C, finishing mill adopts low temperature rolling, controls cold employing retarded cooling process.
4. the thermal treatment process containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment fastening pieces, it is characterized in that, chemical composition containing the thermal treatment process of vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment fastening pieces is as claimed in claim 1: 890 ~ 920 DEG C of quenchings+690 ~ 750 DEG C of quenchings+530 ~ 630 DEG C of tempering.
5., containing vanadium 10.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment fastening pieces, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise the chemical element of following mass percentage (%): C0.33 ~ 0.38%, Si0.05 ~ 0.10%, Mn0.70 ~ 0.90%, Cr0.70 ~ 0.90%, Ni0.30 ~ 0.60%, Mo0.20 ~ 0.30%, Als0.015 ~ 0.045%, V0.06 ~ 0.10%, [N] 0.006 ~ 0.010%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, T [O]≤0.0015%; After described fastening piece thermal treatment, the autstenitic grain size of steel is greater than 10.0 grades; After described fastening piece thermal treatment steel be organized as a small amount of tiny proeutectoid ferrite of Dispersed precipitate on tempered sorbite matrix, wherein, the proeutectoid ferrite scale of construction≤5%, size≤5 μm; After described fastening piece thermal treatment, vertical mixing coefficient is: R
m1050MPa ~ 1200MPa, R
p0.2>=950MPa, A>=10%, Z>=50% ,-40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb merit KU
2>=80J, under 550MPa pulsating stress condition fatigue lifetime>=1,000 ten thousand times.
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| CN107964625A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-27 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of big specification pallet fork round steel of low-temperature impact-resistant toughness and its production method |
| CN112522492A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江自紧王机械有限公司 | Self-tightening nut and heat treatment process of self-tightening gasket |
| CN115404399A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-11-29 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Homogeneous high-strength durable bolt steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112522492A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江自紧王机械有限公司 | Self-tightening nut and heat treatment process of self-tightening gasket |
| CN115404399A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-11-29 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Homogeneous high-strength durable bolt steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105543681B (en) | 2018-02-16 |
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