CN105542870B - It is a kind of to carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system and production method of oily coproduction using biomass - Google Patents
It is a kind of to carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system and production method of oily coproduction using biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN105542870B CN105542870B CN201610081073.7A CN201610081073A CN105542870B CN 105542870 B CN105542870 B CN 105542870B CN 201610081073 A CN201610081073 A CN 201610081073A CN 105542870 B CN105542870 B CN 105542870B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/62—Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of charcoal, air-liquid, the system and production method of oily coproduction, including retort, cyclone separator, condenser, decoking device, wind turbine, gas cleaning plant are carried out using biomass；The retort is used to carbonize biomass material, and biological fuel gas and biomass carbon are generated in carbonization process；The cyclone separator is connect with the gas vent of the retort, removes the large particulate matter in biological fuel gas and output；The gas cleaning plant is arranged in the end of the system, the biological fuel gas for purifying the system front end output；The wind turbine is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant；The condensation and decoking device are arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, and the condenser is exported with wood vinegar, and the decoking device is exported with wood tar.Present invention process equipment is simple, and resource utilization is high, and the charing production time is short, discharges pollutants few, easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
Charcoal, air-liquid, the system and production method of oily coproduction being carried out using biomass the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to biology
Matter technical field of energy utilization.
Background technology
Biomass energy is contained in the organic matter that plant, animal and microorganism etc. can grow, it is converted by solar energy
And come.Tellurian Biomass Energy Resources are a kind of harmless energy compared with horn of plenty.The earth is produced through photosynthesis every year
Raw substance has 173,000,000,000 tons, wherein the energy contained is equivalent to 10-20 times of worldwide energy total amount consumed, but current profit
With rate less than 3%.
Biomass energy has following features：(1) recyclability:Biomass energy category renewable resource, biomass energy is due to logical
Crossing the photosynthesis of plant can regenerate, and regenerative resource is belonged to wind energy, solar energy etc., resourceful, it is ensured that the energy
Continuous utilization.(2) low stain：The SO that the sulfur content of biomass, nitrogen content be low, is generated in combustion processX、NOXIt is less；Biology
When matter is as fuel, since the carbon dioxide that it is needed in growth is equivalent to the amount for the carbon dioxide that it is discharged, thus to big
The net discharge capacity of carbon dioxide of gas is similar to zero, can effectively mitigate greenhouse effects.(3) widely distributed property：Lack the ground of coal
Domain can make full use of biomass energy.(4) biomass fuel total amount very abundant：Biomass energy is world's fourth largest energy, only secondary
In coal, oil and natural gas.It is estimated according to biologist, earth land produces 1000~125,000,000,000 tons of biomass every year；Sea
Produce 50,000,000,000 tons of biomass foreign year.The year output of biomass energy is equivalent to mesh considerably beyond whole world total energy demand
10 times of former world total energy consumption.
Currently, in terms of biomass is using processing, a portion is regarded other than feed, most of to be made using gasification furnace
It burns, and is utilized again as the energy using the fuel gas generated in its combustion process, and (main include saw to plant biomass
End, forest branch, weeds, pine needle leaf, various fruit stones, skin, agricultural crop straw, cattle and sheep animal manure, edible fungi residues etc.) in carbon member
Plain mass fraction is about 40%, is secondly the trace elements such as hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium.The organic principle of straw
With cellulose, based on hemicellulose, mass fraction accounts for 50%.These biomass materials are heated or are burnt under anoxic conditions,
It is allowed to that the conversion process of energy of complicated calorifics chemical reaction occurs, is the members such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen in biomass on this process nature
The atom of element becomes the imflammable gas such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen at reaction conditions according to the bonding principle of chemical bond
Molecule, most of energy in such biomass can be transferred in these gases.
Although the gasification furnace of existing operation is applied to utilize field to biomass material, asked there is also more following
Topic：
1, some gasification furnaces require biomass material relatively high, it is necessary to biomass material is ground into tiny particle,
Therefore the larger pulverizer of power must be added, to cause the added cost of biomass economy.Due to raw material be broken into it is tiny
Particle, gasifier operation temperature are up to 140-1300 DEG C, although output tar in gas ingredient and condensate content are relatively low, carbon member
For plain conversion ratio up to 40%, but due to running temperature height, easy-sintering makes gasification furnace that slagging occur and lose gasification function, therefore
Selection is more difficult, so that available biomass material range is narrowed, is unfavorable for the popularization of biomass economy.
2, the wood tar problem generated in combustion is to influence the biggest obstacle of gasification.Many gasification furnaces were gasifying
The wood tar being mixed in fuel gas is not filtered out in journey, thus generates smell and leads to the use process in gasification
Middle wood tar is adhered on the nozzle of all kinds of burners, when keeping gas cooker, gas fired-boiler or jet dynamic control long
Between run, directly affect the utilization of biomass energy in this way.
3, under the requirement to the single use of the environment and raw material of biomass material storage, also make some gasification furnaces that can not push away
Wide application, some gasification furnaces because there is no Moisture separation device, therefore it is required that vaporized feed moisture content be maintained at 4% with
Under, otherwise gasify the gas, and because water content is too high to light, and biomass material is generally outdoor storage at present, pole
It is vulnerable to the influence of natural weather, if the environment of rainwater or humidity is easy that biomass material is made to become tide, plus the raw material used
It is single, the yield and quality of gasification furnace is affected, the continuity of gasification furnace work will be destroyed.
4, the pollution to environment, many gasification furnaces is caused to cause pollution and difficulty of the smog to air due to the defect of design
Destruction of the decomposed substance to soil, many gasification furnaces produce the mixing that lime-ash is mixed with wood tar in gasification
Object, since wood tar has extremely strong inoxidizability, so this mixture is difficult to decompose under field conditions (factors), a large amount of mixtures
Generation can cause the destruction to soil.
5, many complete functions import gasify furnace apparatus, it is expensive, investment amount it is big, return period is long, influences to give birth to
The utilization of physical resources.
In addition traditional charcoal processing technique generally uses smoldering, destructive distillation to fire, and above-mentioned traditional handicraft has the wasting of resources, production
Period is long, low output and of poor quality, while generating certain atmosphere pollution in smoldering or destructive distillation sintering procedure.
Invention content
For the above problem in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of using biomass carry out charcoal, gas,
Liquid, oily coproduction system and production method, process equipment is simple, and resource utilization is high, and the charing production time is short, stable,
The pollutant of discharge is few, easy to spread.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：It is a kind of to carry out charcoal, air-liquid, oil using biomass
The system of coproduction, including retort, cyclone separator, condenser, decoking device, wind turbine, gas cleaning plant；Wherein
The retort is used to carbonize biomass material, and biological fuel gas and biomass carbon are generated in carbonization process,
The biological fuel gas is exported by the gas vent of the retort；
The cyclone separator is connect with the gas vent of the retort, removes the bulky grain in the biological fuel gas
Substance simultaneously exports；
The gas cleaning plant is arranged in the end of the system, the biomass for purifying the system front end output
Combustion gas；
The wind turbine is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, exists for the biological fuel gas
The flowing of the internal system provides power；
The condenser is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, and the condenser has wood
Vinegar liquid exports；
The decoking device is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, and the decoking device has coke
Oil export.
As a further preference, the condenser includes first-stage condenser and secondary condenser, and the decoking device includes
Level-one decoking device and two level decoking device；By the flow direction for generating gas in retort, the first-stage condenser, level-one decoking device, two
Grade condenser, two level decoking device are sequentially connected.
As a further preference, the first-stage condenser is connect with the cyclone separator；The wind turbine is arranged in institute
It states between two level decoking device and the gas cleaning plant.
As a further preference, the gas cleaning plant includes sequentially connected aeration tower and drying device.
As a further preference, further include final stage decoking device, the final stage decoking device is arranged in the aeration tower and institute
It states between drying device.
As a further preference, circulating water is used in the condenser, recirculated water in the secondary condenser
Temperature is less than the temperature of recirculated water in first-stage condenser.
As a further preference, mill pin stone is placed in the level-one decoking device, the surface hole defect of mill pin stone can be fine
Tar adsorption, corncob is placed in the two level decoking device, the mixed of mill pin stone and corncob is placed in the final stage decoking device
Close object.It is adsorbed for the wood tar to different phase.
As a further preference, the retort is opened type retort, wherein
Bearing net is provided in the retort for carrying biomass material；Biomass material is put into bearing net
Portion so that there are partial airs for the bottom position of retort, accelerate the charing heating-up time, shorten carbonization time, charing
Total time is 6-8 hours, has saved cost.
Furnace wall where the gas vent of the retort is hollow chamber's structure, the hollow chamber and the retort stove
There is public cavity wall between chamber, offer centre bore and 4-10 periphery hole in the public cavity wall, the periphery hole is with described
Centre bore is uniformly distributed for the center of circle.
As a further preference, perforated area summation and the public cavity wall face of the centre bore with the periphery hole
Long-pending ratio is：1%-10%.
As a further preference, it is put into the aqueous slkali of cycle in the aeration tower, water is connected with after the aeration tower
Seal apparatus.
As a further preference, further include wood vinegar collection device, wood tar collection device and gas collector,
The wherein described wood vinegar collection device is connected with wood vinegar outlet, and the wood tar collection device is exported with the wood tar
Connection, the gas collector are connect with the gas cleaning plant.
Using biomass progress charcoal, the production method of air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction, include the following steps：
A) blowing crushes biomass material, is compacted, and is put into the retort；
B) water circulating pump for opening condenser, makes condenser reach operating temperature；
C) wind turbine is opened, aeration tower alkali liquor circulating system is opened；
D) it lights a fire；
E) charing operation adjusts wind turbine, controls gas flow rate in the system；
F) it after carbonizing, sprays water to biomass material surface, fire goes out to obtain biomass carbon.
As a further preference, step d) uses the uniform sparking mode in top, ignites, ignites to biomass material
After 3-5 minutes, biomass carbon is sealed in covering, cladding thickness 2-4cm；The biomass carbon of the covering is the system
The biomass carbon product that last time charing of uniting generates.Relative to other coverings, sealing effect and heat insulating ability are very good, and
Charing rate is accelerated, recycling for resource is reached.
As a further preference, the wind turbine is adjusted in step e) makes it open 10-30 minutes, then closes 10-30 minutes,
And it recycles and opens, stop repeatedly；Gas flow rate is 12-16m/s in period control system；Control 350-550 DEG C of carbonization temperature in stove, charcoal
It is 6-8 hours to change total time.
As a further preference, it every 20-80 minutes in step e), opens condenser and exports wood vinegar.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, gasification furnace is outer heat in the prior art, and the application retort is interior heat.The temperature of gasification furnace is high, needs to consume energy.
Retort is interior heat, and what need to only be started lights, subsequently need not be to energy, itself heat transfer can reach charing and require.This Shen
The biomass material amount that the retort of opened type is handled please be use big, additionally by structure design in retort, accelerate charing
Heating-up time shortens carbonization time, and the total time of charing is 6-8 hours, has saved cost.
2, the application covers the biomass material in carbonization device using the biomass carbon product that last time charing generates, relatively
In other coverings, sealing effect and heat insulating ability are very good, and accelerate charing rate, reach the cycle profit of resource
With.
3, after the application cyclone separator is connected to retort, the large particulate matter generated in stove can be carried out separation and removed
Dirt improves the efficiency of condensation in next step and removal wood tar, reduces the consume for being followed by equipment to retort.
4, recirculated water circulating cooling is used in the application condenser, is economized on resources, condenser accesses wood vinegar retracting device,
Wood vinegar can be collected.
5, the application decoking device is connected to after condenser, burnt containing wood in the biological fuel gas generated in carbonization process
Oil, combustion gas have wood vinegar and wood tar generate, wood tar passes through the filler (mill pin in decoking device after condenser cools down
Stone etc.), meeting adherence of wood tar, then wood tar is past dirty from filler, is flowed into wood tar collection device, to be collected into the wooden coke
Oil.Within the condenser, least a portion of wood tar is also had.The wood tar of collection can be refined into biodiesel.
6, using multi-stage condensing device and decoking device, the temperature by gas in wind turbine is reduced, and divide different phase better
Wood tar is eliminated, with the progress of charing, the temperature of recirculated water can increase, and the circulating water temperature of B-grade condensation is lower, with
Ensure to cool down to combustion gas, to protect the normal operation of the equipment such as wind turbine.
7, it is put into cycle aqueous slkali in the application aeration tower.To the CO in biological fuel gas2It is purified with wood tar
Processing, water seal is connected to aeration tower, prevents biological fuel gas from flowing back, after drying device is connected to final stage decoking device, wherein can set
Drier is set, processing is dried for the water in biological fuel gas, finally obtains pure biological fuel gas.
8, aeration tower is put into behind condenser in the application, and the moisture in wood vinegar can be made to reduce, and improves the wooden vinegar
The concentration of liquid.Byproduct wood vinegar takes different process for purification according to different purposes, can be used as food additives (Fumeol
Deng), dye material (mordant raw material), deodorant (home-use deodorant raw material etc.), pesticide material (pesticides additive agent), soil
Modifying agent (root of hair accelerating agent etc.) and plant growth promoter raw material etc..
9, the application sprays clear water after charing to biomass material surface, and fire extinguishing can be obtained by biology
Matter charcoal.Wood vinegar enters in collection device, carries out the utilization of next step.In biological fuel gas storage to gas collector,
Can be used for cooking power generation etc..
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the embodiment of the present application utilizes biomass progress charcoal, the structural schematic diagram of air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present application carbonizes thermometric point schematic diagram after furnace igniting.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present application retort structural front view.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present application retort structure top view.
Fig. 5 be in Fig. 4 A-A to sectional view.
The explanation marked in attached drawing：1, retort；2, cyclone separator；3, first-stage condenser；4, level-one decoking device；5, two
Grade condenser；6, two level decoking device；7, roots blower；8, aeration tower；9, water seal；10, three-level decoking device；11, drying device；
12, gas storage holder.The furnace walls 1.1- bottom opening；1.2- escape pipe；1.3- iron plate；1.4- insulating layer；1.5- hollow structure.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present application utilizes biomass to carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system and producer of oily coproduction by the way that offer is a kind of
Method has simplified number of devices, has shortened carbonization time by the research to carbonizing cleaning equipment, and anaerobism charcoal is carried out to biomass
Change, obtain four kinds of products such as biomass carbon, biological fuel gas, wood vinegar, wood tar, not only turn waste into wealth, alleviates environment dirt
Dye problem, and resource utilization is high, and process equipment is simple, at low cost, and the follow-up deep processing of four kinds of byproducts can obtain
The higher product of profit, it is easy to spread.
In order to better understand the above technical scheme, in conjunction with appended figures and specific embodiments to upper
Technical solution is stated to be described in detail.
The embodiment of the present application carries out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction, including retort, cyclonic separation using biomass
Device, condenser, decoking device, wind turbine, gas cleaning plant；Wherein
The retort is used to carbonize biomass material, and biological fuel gas and biomass carbon are generated in carbonization process,
The biological fuel gas is exported by the gas vent of the retort；
The cyclone separator is connect with the gas vent of the retort, removes the bulky grain in the biological fuel gas
Substance simultaneously exports；
The gas cleaning plant is arranged in the end of the system, the biomass for purifying the system front end output
Combustion gas；
The wind turbine is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, exists for the biological fuel gas
The flowing of the internal system provides power；
The condenser is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, and the condenser has wood
Vinegar liquid exports；
The decoking device is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, and the decoking device has wood
Tar outlet.
The condenser includes first-stage condenser and secondary condenser, and the decoking device includes that level-one decoking device and two level are removed
Burnt device；By the flow direction for generating gas in retort, the first-stage condenser, level-one decoking device, secondary condenser, two level decoking device
It is sequentially connected.
The first-stage condenser is connect with the cyclone separator；Wind turbine setting the two level decoking device with it is described
Between gas cleaning plant.
The gas cleaning plant includes sequentially connected aeration tower and drying device.
Further include final stage decoking device, the final stage decoking device is arranged between the aeration tower and the drying device.
Circulating water is used in the condenser, the temperature of recirculated water is less than first-stage condenser in the secondary condenser
The temperature of middle recirculated water.Mill pin stone is placed in the level-one decoking device, the surface hole defect of mill pin stone can be very good tar adsorption,
Corncob is placed in the two level decoking device, and the mixture of mill pin stone and corncob is placed in the final stage decoking device.For right
The wood tar of different phase is adsorbed.
The retort is opened type retort, wherein
Bearing net is provided in the retort for carrying biomass material；Biomass material is put into bearing net
Portion so that there are partial airs for the bottom position of retort, accelerate the charing heating-up time, shorten carbonization time, charing
Total time is 6-8 hours, has saved cost.
Furnace wall where the gas vent of the retort is hollow chamber's structure, the hollow chamber and the retort stove
There is public cavity wall between chamber, offer centre bore and 4-10 periphery hole in the public cavity wall, the periphery hole is with described
Centre bore is uniformly distributed for the center of circle；The gas vent is offered in other cavity walls of the hollow chamber.The centre bore with
The perforated area summation of the periphery hole and the ratio of the public cavity wall area are：1%-10%.
It is put into the aqueous slkali of cycle in the aeration tower, water seal arrangement is connected with after the aeration tower.
Further include wood vinegar collection device, wood tar collection device and gas collector, wherein the wood vinegar is received
Acquisition means are connected with wood vinegar outlet, and the wood tar collection device is connect with the tar outlet, the gas collection
Device is connect with the gas cleaning plant.
The embodiment of the present application is using biomass progress charcoal, the production method of air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction, including walks as follows
Suddenly：
A) blowing crushes biomass material, is compacted, and is put into the retort；
B) water circulating pump for opening condenser, makes condenser reach operating temperature；
C) wind turbine is opened, aeration tower alkali liquor circulating system is opened；
D) it lights a fire；
E) charing operation adjusts wind turbine, controls gas flow rate in the system；
F) it after carbonizing, sprays water to biomass material surface, fire goes out to obtain biomass carbon.
Step d) uses the uniform sparking mode in top, ignites to biomass material, after igniting 3-5 minutes, in covering
Biomass carbon is sealed, cladding thickness 2-4cm；The biomass carbon of the covering is that system last time charing generates
Biomass carbon product.
The wind turbine is adjusted in step e) makes it open 10-30 minutes, then closes 10-30 minutes, and recycles and open, stops repeatedly；
Gas flow rate is 12-16m/s in period control system；350-550 DEG C of carbonization temperature in stove is controlled, charing total time is that 6-8 is small
When.
Every 20-80 minutes in step e), opens condenser and export wood vinegar.
Embodiment 1：As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present application carries out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction, packet using biomass
Include retort 1, cyclone separator 2, first-stage condenser 3, level-one decoking device 4, secondary condenser 5, two level decoking device 6, Luo Cifeng
Machine 7, aeration tower 8, water seal 9, three-level decoking device 10, drying device 11 and gas storage holder 12；The retort 1 is opened type, gas
Body is exported in furnace wall bottom, opens centre bore one, using centre bore as split four periphery holes in the center of circle, five hole of furnace wall passes through hollow cavity
Cell structure is connect with gas vent, and gas vent is connect by pipeline with cyclone separator 2, and the setting of hollow chamber's structure is convenient for
Deashing；Cyclone separator 2 connects first-stage condenser 3, and 3 inside of first-stage condenser uses recirculated cooling water, is connected to by pipeline
Level-one decoking device 4；4 the inside of level-one decoking device is placed with mill pin stone, is adsorbed to wood tar, connects secondary condenser 5 thereafter；Two
The inside circulating cooling coolant-temperature gage of grade condenser 5 connects thereafter two level decoking device 6 less than the cooling water in first-stage condenser 3；Two
6 the inside of grade decoking device is placed with corncob, and roots blower 7 is connected by pipeline；Roots blower 7 is connected to aeration tower 8, aeration tower 8
Inside is recycled using NaOH solution, is connected to water seal 9 thereafter；Water seal 9 mainly prevents biological fuel gas from flowing back, after be connected to three-level
Decoking device 10；It is placed with the mixture of mill pin stone and corncob inside three-level decoking device 10, the suction of final stage is carried out to wood tar
It is attached, to obtain pure combustion gas, it is connected to drying device 11 thereafter；Drier therein carries out the water in biological fuel gas
It is dry, after be connected to gas storage holder 12；Gas storage holder 12 is for storing biological fuel gas, i.e., the described gas collector.
The level-one, secondary condenser 3,5 bottoms are connected to wood vinegar retracting device, and the present embodiment recycles for wood vinegar
Pond, the level-one, two level, 4,6,10 bottom of three-level decoking device are connected to wood tar retracting device, and the present embodiment is wood tar
Recovery pond；The aeration tower 8 connects the circulatory pool of NaOH solution.The wood vinegar recovery pond, wood tar recovery pond and NaOH
The circulatory pool of solution uses existing structure, quantity, position and connection relation to be arranged according to produce reality demand, no longer superfluous herein
It states, is not also illustrated in figure.
As in Figure 3-5,1.1 centre bore and periphery hole opened for retort furnace wall bottom；1.2 go out for the gas of retort
Mouth, i.e. escape pipe connect cyclone separator 2；1.3 be bearing net, and the present embodiment is using the iron plate (iron with uniform small pores
Silk screen), it is used to support raw material and makes furnace bottom there are a small amount of air；1.4 be insulating layer；1.5 tie for hollow chamber in Fig. 4
Structure is hollow setting between that is, described five hole and total pipeline, is convenient for stove deashing.The embodiment of the present application 1 using biomass into
Row charcoal, air-liquid, the equipment and process of oily coproduction, concrete technology are as follows：
Biomass material is handled, crushes, is put into retort, compacting is put into.
The water circulating pump for opening first-stage condenser 3 and secondary condenser 5, makes condenser reach temperature.
Roots blower 7 is opened, aeration tower NaOH water circulating pumps are opened；Using the uniform sparking mode in top, to biomass original
Material ignites, and after igniting 4 minutes, biomass carbon is sealed in covering, cladding thickness 3cm.
By adjusting roots blower 7, opens 20 minutes, then close 20 minutes, circulate operation, carbonization process uses anaerobism control wind
The condition of oxygen, flow velocity 14m/s are controlled, carbonization temperature is 350-550 DEG C, using internal-combustion, has saved cost.
Biomass internal combustion temperature passing time see the table below 1：
The temperature of 19 points in inside of retort changes with time after table 1 is lighted a fire
When 1 depression angle of retort, 9 point thermometrics as shown in Figure 2 are chosen.By experimental data it is known that
In 1.5 hours, the temperature of 9 points has reached charing required temperature more than 350 DEG C in retort 1.In carbonization process,
When temperature is less than carbonization temperature, the gas of generation is largely CO2, eliminated by NaOH aeration towers 8.When temperature is higher than
At 350 DEG C, imflammable gas starts to generate, and with the raising of temperature, imflammable gas yield is increasing, CO2Gas yield
It gradually decreases, with the progress of charing, in storage to gas storage holder 12.
In carbonization process, every half an hour, the first, second condenser 3,5 is opened, the wood vinegar of generation is allowed to be flowed into wood
In vinegar liquid recovery pond.
After biomass material has all carbonized, carbonization process terminates.Carbonization time is 7 hours, and carbonization time is short, is saved
Cost.After, it puts out a fire to biomass material surface, obtains biomass carbon.
The embodiment of the present application process calculates according to 30,000 tons of biomass materials are handled year, can produce 10,000 tons of biomass
Charcoal, 6600 tons of pyroligneous liquor, 3000 ten thousand stere of biological fuel gas.And biomass carbon can be used for making fertilizer, 10,000 tons of biomass carbons
2.2 ten thousand tons of carbon-based biological organic fertilizers can be produced.The main component of biological fuel gas is methane (28%), hydrogen (25%), one
Carbonoxide (13%), carbon dioxide (28%), combustible gas component is high, may be used as warming oneself and generate electricity.
Embodiment 2：The embodiment of the present application 2 carries out charcoal, air-liquid, the production method of oily coproduction, specific work using biomass
Skill is as follows：
Biomass material is handled, crushes, is put into retort, compacting is put into.
The water circulating pump for opening first-stage condenser 3 and secondary condenser 5, makes condenser reach temperature.
Roots blower 7 is opened, aeration tower NaOH water circulating pumps are opened；Using the uniform sparking mode in top, to biomass original
Material ignites, and after igniting 3 minutes, biomass carbon is sealed in covering, cladding thickness 2cm.
By adjusting roots blower 7, opens 10 minutes, then close 10 minutes, circulate operation, carbonization process uses anaerobism control wind
The condition of oxygen, flow velocity 12m/s are controlled, carbonization temperature is 350-550 DEG C.Carbonization time is 6 hours.
In carbonization process, every 20min, the first, second condenser 3,5 is opened, the wood vinegar of generation is allowed to be flowed into the wooden vinegar
In liquid recovery pond.
Embodiment 3：The embodiment of the present application 3 carries out charcoal, air-liquid, the production method of oily coproduction, specific work using biomass
Skill is as follows：
Biomass material is handled, crushes, is put into retort, compacting is put into.
The water circulating pump for opening first-stage condenser 3 and secondary condenser 5, makes condenser reach temperature.
Roots blower 7 is opened, aeration tower NaOH water circulating pumps are opened；Using the uniform sparking mode in top, to biomass original
Material ignites, and ignites after five minutes, biomass carbon is sealed in covering, cladding thickness 4cm.
By adjusting roots blower 7, opens 30 minutes, then close 30 minutes, circulate operation, carbonization process uses anaerobism control wind
The condition of oxygen, flow velocity 16m/s are controlled, carbonization temperature is 350-550 DEG C, and carbonization time is 8 hours.
In carbonization process, every 40min, the first, second condenser 3,5 is opened, the wood vinegar of generation is allowed to be flowed into the wooden vinegar
In liquid recovery pond.
Technical solution in above-mentioned the embodiment of the present application, at least has the following technical effect that or advantage：
(1) equipment is simple：Number of devices is simplified it is minimum, repeat equipment cast out, simplify flow, saved at
This, and carbonize purified byproduct charcoal, air-liquid, its oily yield and purity and can reach necessary requirement.
(2) carbonization time is short：Pass through the improvement to carbonizing furnace structure so that carbonization time becomes 6-8 hours, than existing skill
The carbonization time of art is short, reduces cost.
(3) resource utilization is high：By the charing to biomass material, four kinds of beneficial byproducts are produced, by right
The deep processing of byproduct can obtain the product of profit bigger, turn waste into wealth.
(4) source benefit:The annual industry in China at present and civil consumption are about 3,800,000,000 tons, nearly consume the whole world
The annual output coal amount of half, national coal resources only reach 100 years usage amounts, if annual 19.5 hundred million tons of biomass, 600,000,000 tons complete
Portion is for biomass carbonated, while the gas generated can will be sparing in the use of coal 1.5 hundred million tons all instead of fire coal, and be equivalent to every year
The 23% of total usage amount.
(5) environmental benefit：The produced combustion gas of every 1 ton of biomass material is equivalent to 0.6 ton of standard coal；CO can be reduced2Discharge
11 kilograms of amount；SO20.67 kilogram of discharge capacity；0.16 kilogram of CO discharge capacitys；0.81 kilogram of smoke discharge amount.
(6) the embodiment of the present application carries out charcoal, air-liquid, the process of oily coproduction using biomass, and carbonization time is short, work
Skill flow and equipment are simple, and resource utilization is high, at low cost.And the byproduct of production can carry out further deep processing, have
There are good source benefit and environmental benefit, meet national energy-saving environmental protection policy, there is very vast potential for future development.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic
Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.Obviously, those skilled in the art can be to the present invention
Carry out various modification and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.If in this way, these modifications and changes of the present invention
Within the scope of the claims of the present invention and its equivalent technology, then the present invention is also intended to exist comprising these modification and variations
It is interior.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of carrying out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction using biomass, it is characterised in that：Including retort, cyclonic separation
Device, condenser, decoking device, wind turbine, gas cleaning plant；Wherein
The retort is used to carbonize biomass material, and biological fuel gas and biomass carbon are generated in carbonization process, described
Biological fuel gas is exported by the gas vent of the retort；
The cyclone separator is connect with the gas vent of the retort, removes the large particulate matter in the biological fuel gas
And it exports；
The gas cleaning plant is arranged in the end of the system, the biomass fuel for purifying the system front end output
Gas；
The wind turbine is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, is the biological fuel gas described
The flowing of internal system provides power；
The condenser is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, and the condenser has wood vinegar
Outlet；
The decoking device is arranged between the cyclone separator and the gas cleaning plant, and the decoking device has wood tar
Outlet；
The condenser includes first-stage condenser and secondary condenser, and the decoking device includes level-one decoking device and two level decoking
Device；By in retort generate gas flow direction, the first-stage condenser, level-one decoking device, secondary condenser, two level decoking device according to
Secondary connection；
The first-stage condenser is connect with the cyclone separator；The wind turbine is arranged in the two level decoking device and the gas
Between purifier；
The retort is opened type retort, wherein
Bearing net is provided in the retort for carrying biomass material；
Furnace wall where the gas vent of the retort is hollow chamber's structure, the hollow chamber and the retort furnace chamber it
Between there is public cavity wall, offer centre bore and 4-10 periphery hole in the public cavity wall, the periphery hole is with the center
Hole is uniformly distributed for the center of circle；
The ratio of the perforated area summation and the public cavity wall area of the centre bore and the periphery hole is：1%-10%.
2. according to claim 1 carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction using biomass, which is characterized in that described
Gas cleaning plant includes sequentially connected aeration tower and drying device.
3. according to claim 2 carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction using biomass, which is characterized in that also wrap
Final stage decoking device is included, the final stage decoking device is arranged between the aeration tower and the drying device.
4. according to claim 1 carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction using biomass, it is characterised in that：It is described
Circulating water is used in condenser, temperature of the temperature of recirculated water less than recirculated water in first-stage condenser in the secondary condenser
Degree.
5. according to claim 3 carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction using biomass, it is characterised in that：It is described
Mill pin stone is placed in level-one decoking device, and corncob is placed in the two level decoking device, mill pin stone is placed in the final stage decoking device
With the mixture of corncob.
6. according to claim 2 carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction using biomass, it is characterised in that：It is described
It is put into the aqueous slkali of cycle in aeration tower, water seal arrangement is connected with after the aeration tower.
7. according to claim 1 carry out charcoal, air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction using biomass, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Include wood vinegar collection device, wood tar collection device and gas collector, wherein the wood vinegar collection device with it is described
Wood vinegar outlet connection, the outlet of the wood tar collection device and the wood tar connect, the gas collector with it is described
Gas cleaning plant connects.
8. as claim 1-7 any one of them using biomass carry out charcoal, air-liquid, oil coproduction system production method,
It is characterized in that：Include the following steps：
A) blowing crushes biomass material, is compacted, and is put into the retort；
B) water circulating pump for opening condenser, makes condenser reach operating temperature；
C) wind turbine is opened, aeration tower alkali liquor circulating system is opened；
D) it lights a fire；
E) charing operation adjusts wind turbine, controls gas flow rate in the system；
F) it after carbonizing, sprays water to biomass material surface, fire goes out to obtain biomass carbon.
9. according to claim 8 utilize biomass progress charcoal, the production method of air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction, feature
It is：Step d) uses the uniform sparking mode in top, ignites to biomass material, biological in covering after igniting 3-5 minutes
Matter charcoal is sealed, cladding thickness 2-4cm；The biomass carbon of the covering is the biology that system last time charing generates
Matter charcoal product.
10. it is according to claim 8 using biomass progress charcoal, the production method of air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction, it is special
Sign is：The wind turbine is adjusted in step e) makes it open 10-30 minutes, then closes 10-30 minutes, and recycles and open, stops repeatedly；Phase
Between in control system gas flow rate be 12-16m/s；350-550 DEG C of carbonization temperature in stove is controlled, charing total time is 6-8 hours.
11. it is according to claim 8 using biomass progress charcoal, the production method of air-liquid, the system of oily coproduction, it is special
Sign is：Every 20-80 minutes in step e), opens condenser and export wood vinegar.
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| CN106047392A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-26 | 河北天善生物技术有限公司 | Biomass carbonization and purification technology and system achieving high gas production quantity |
| CN106118701A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-11-16 | 河北天善生物技术有限公司 | The biomass carbon metallization processes of a kind of high carbon yield and system |
| CN112007928A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-01 | 唐山惠川环保科技有限公司 | Continuous biomass comprehensive recycling process system |
| CN114874794A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-09 | 阚世坤 | Intelligent production system for flame-gathering gas fuel |
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| EP0921182A1 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-06-09 | Gibros Pec B.V. | Method for processing waste or biomass material |
| CN102020999A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-04-20 | 天津市树荣生物碳宝科技有限公司 | Co-production equipment for preparing charcoal, gas and oil by utilizing various biomass materials and preparation method of charcoal, gas and oil |
| CN104789240A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-22 | 樊连雪 | Biomass and straw comprehensive utilization coproduction line and coproduction method |
| CN205556584U (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-09-07 | 河北天善生物技术有限公司 | System for utilize living beings to carry out charcoal, gas, liquid, oily coproduction |
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| EP0921182A1 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-06-09 | Gibros Pec B.V. | Method for processing waste or biomass material |
| CN102020999A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-04-20 | 天津市树荣生物碳宝科技有限公司 | Co-production equipment for preparing charcoal, gas and oil by utilizing various biomass materials and preparation method of charcoal, gas and oil |
| CN104789240A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-22 | 樊连雪 | Biomass and straw comprehensive utilization coproduction line and coproduction method |
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