CN105538579B - Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line - Google Patents
Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105538579B CN105538579B CN201610103278.0A CN201610103278A CN105538579B CN 105538579 B CN105538579 B CN 105538579B CN 201610103278 A CN201610103278 A CN 201610103278A CN 105538579 B CN105538579 B CN 105538579B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- die sinking
- degree
- automatic
- turning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/20—Opening, closing or clamping
- B29C33/26—Opening, closing or clamping by pivotal movement
- B29C33/28—Opening, closing or clamping by pivotal movement using hydraulic or pneumatic means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3415—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/35—Component parts; Details or accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/52—Sports equipment ; Games; Articles for amusement; Toys
- B29L2031/5245—Rackets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic mould opening machine of carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line; it is a kind of suitable for producing without the supporting automatic mould opening machine of blast carbon badminton racket automatic production line, instead of traditional pure handwork pattern.Including frame, workbench, mould, die sinking plate, die sinking oil cylinder, die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket, clamping cylinder and mould location column ejection cylinder;Workbench is arranged on upper rack, and on the table, mould includes cope plate, lower template and die positioning pin to mould installion;When photoelectricity position-sensing switch detects mould, stop that oil cylinder performs action, the locating rod of positional cylinder is raised above, die location is set, upper die sinking plate is pressed downward, the upward jack-up of inner mould alignment pin, the upper mould top of mould is opened, the chuck of the clamping cylinder on die sinking plate clamps upper mould, is lifted up, mould is opened, pickup, then lower mould is cleared up, place into product, mould, subsequent processing is transported to by slide roller by matched moulds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic mould opening machine of carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line,
It is a kind of suitable for producing without the supporting automatic mould opening machine of blast carbon badminton racket automatic production line, instead of traditional
Pure handwork pattern.
Background technology
In carbon fiber shuttlecock industry, traditional production technology is hot-pressing air-blowing forming technology, and this is accomplished by hot-forming
Equipment and compressed air unit, operator, which is placed on pre-shaped good racket in mould, to be smoothed carefully and neatly done, then mould is moved to is hot pressed into
Heat, blown by tuyere toward racket intracavitary on type platform, by heating, be molded racket.This traditional handicraft, labor intensity
Greatly, low production efficiency, this is domestic current production technology level, compared to foreign countries, and production technology falls behind, and technical merit is poor.
The content of the invention
It is automatic without air pressure forming technology the present invention seeks to provide a kind of carbon badminton racket for above-mentioned weak point
The automatic mould opening machine of production line, the present invention is that traditional pure handwork is replaced with automated production equipment, using new light weight
Change mould, labor intensity is greatly lowered than traditional handicraft;Traditional blast is replaced without air pressure forming technology, without sky
Exhaust emission and energy waste that air compressor is produced when supplying;Moulding process does not need hot-forming in traditional handicraft,
Automatic delivering belt oven temperature is uniform and stable, and racket intensity is more stable;There is no traditional handicraft high temperature hot-platen to distribute heat
The high-temperature work environment caused is measured, environment temperature can be controlled in normal temperature, work comfort, more environmentally-friendly health;Batch, which is concentrated, to be dried
Roasting heating replaces hot-forming heating of single group, power cost saving more than 80%;The production cost of enterprise greatly reduces.
Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line is to take following technical scheme
Realize:
Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line includes frame, workbench, mould
Tool, die sinking plate, die sinking oil cylinder, die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket, clamping cylinder, mould location column ejection cylinder.Workbench is arranged on machine
Frame top, mould installion is on the table.Mould includes cope plate, lower template and die positioning pin.Photoelectricity position-sensing switch is detected
During to mould, stop that oil cylinder performs action, the locating rod of positional cylinder is raised above, set die location, die sinking plate is pressed downward,
The upward jack-up of inner mould alignment pin, opens the upper mould top of mould, and the chuck of the clamping cylinder on die sinking plate clamps upper mould,
It is lifted up, mould is opened, and operation starts pickup, then clears up lower mould, places into product, matched moulds, finally by start button, hinders
Oil cylinder release is kept off, mould is transported to by slide roller by subsequent processing.
Die sinking plate is movably arranged on workbench by support, and die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket is arranged on rear side of frame, die sinking oil
Cylinder is arranged on die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket, and die sinking cylinder piston rod front end is flexibly connected with die sinking plate, and die sinking plate both sides are pacified respectively
Equipped with clamping cylinder, chuck, cope plate during die sinking for clamping mold, in die sinking cylinder piston rod are housed on clamping cylinder
Mould is opened under drive, convenient from mould the carbon badminton racket frame of baking-curing sizing can be taken out, be reloaded into filling
Equipped with resin carbon fibre battledore frame blank.Slide roller is housed in the frame of workbench bottom.
Mould location column ejection cylinder is arranged in the frame of workbench bottom, and resin carbon fibre is filled with for being loaded into
The mould ejection of battledore frame blank, is sent to next procedure into tunnel oven, baking foaming shaping.
There are 90 degree of turning power drum lines in automatic mould opening machine installed in front, there are 90 degree of turning power drum lines 90 degree to turn
Equipped with 90 degree of turning power drums, 90 degree of turning power drum ends in curved power drum frame, 90 degree of turning power drum frames
Portion is equipped with sprocket wheel, and 90 degree of turning power drum driving motors are arranged on 90 degree of turning power drum frame lowers, turn for 90 degree and move
Power drum drive motor is driven 90 degree of turning power drums by driving chain and rotated, and sizing carbon fibre has been toasted to transmit to be equipped with
The mould of battledore frame is tieed up to automatic mould opening machine.
90 degree of turning no-power drum lines are installed on rear side of automatic mould opening machine, 90 degree of turning no-power drum lines have 90
Spend equipped with 90 degree of arrangement rollers of turning in turning no-power drum frame, 90 degree of turning no-power drum frames, to will be equipped with
The mould for being filled with resin carbon fibre battledore frame blank is sent to by manpower on the pedrail delivering strap of tunnel oven,
Into tunnel oven, baking molding.
Carbon badminton racket, without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line, is, using automatic mould opening machine as starting point, to pass through tunnel
Stove heat baking molding, then cooled down through cooling furnace, starting point is finally returned, product is taken out.
Operation principle
Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line with
Carbon badminton racket is supported the use without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line, during work, is first turned on machine electricity
Source, operator operation automatic mould opening machine, which is put into pre-shaped good racket in mould, to install, and mould passes through 90 ° of turning no-power drums
Line enters tunnel oven, is set from entrance oven to the time out, it is ensured that racket can be molded completely, from tunnel
Road oven, which comes out, fan is equipped with below cooling furnace by 180 ° of power drum turning guide markings, into cooling furnace, above
Equipped with exhaust column, fan is blown upwards, the outside air draft of exhaust column, reaches the effect of cooling, it is ensured that racket solidify, last mould from
Cooling furnace, which comes out, will enter plane power drum line, upset power drum line and 90 ° of turning power drum lines, eventually pass back to certainly
The position of dynamic die-sinking machine, the plumage that operator removes forming is clapped, and is cleaned out after mould, is further continued for being put into the racket of pre-shaped.
Carbon badminton racket of the present invention is reasonable in design without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line automatic mould opening machine, and structure is tight
Gather, easy to use, the present invention is that traditional pure handwork is replaced with automated production equipment, using Novel lightweight mould,
Labor intensity is reduced, and no air pressure forming technology replaces traditional blast, and what is produced when being supplied without air compressor is useless
Gas pollutes and energy waste;Moulding process does not need hot-forming in traditional handicraft, and automatic delivering belt oven temperature is uniform
Stable, racket intensity is more stable, and the high-temperature work environment that heat is caused, ring are distributed without traditional handicraft high temperature hot-platen
Border temperature can be controlled in normal temperature, work comfort, more environmentally-friendly health;Batch concentrates Baking out to replace hot-forming of single group
Heating, power cost saving more than 80%;The production cost of enterprise greatly reduces.
Automatic mould opening machine invention of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line, is being pioneering, is breaking
The traditional handwork pattern of industry, rational in infrastructure, efficiency high, labor intensity is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is automatic mould opening machine front view of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line.
Fig. 3 is automatic mould opening machine left view of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line.
Fig. 4 is that automatic mould opening machine left view of Fig. 3 carbon badminton rackets without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line is local
Enlarged drawing.
Embodiment
Referring to the drawings 1~4, carbon badminton racket includes automatic mould opening machine 1,90 without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line
Spend turning no-power drum line 2, tunnel oven 3,180 degree power drum line 4, cooling tunnel stove 5, plane power drum line 6,
Overturn power drum line 7 and 90 degree of turning power drum lines 8.
Automatic mould opening machine 1 of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line includes frame 1-1, workbench
1-2, mould, die sinking plate 1-4, die sinking oil cylinder 1-3, die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket 1-7, clamping cylinder 1-5, mould location column ejection oil
Cylinder 1-6.Workbench 1-2 is arranged on frame 1-1 tops, and mould installion is on workbench 1-2.Mould includes cope plate 1-8, lower mould
Plate 1-9 and die positioning pin.
When photoelectricity position-sensing switch 1-16 detects mould, stop that oil cylinder 1-18 performs action, positional cylinder 1-11 positioning
Bar 1-10 is raised above, and sets die location, and die sinking plate 1-4 is pressed downward, the upward jack-up of inner mould alignment pin, the upper of mould
Template 1-8 is opened on top, and the chuck 1-14 of the clamping cylinder on die sinking plate clamps upper mould, is lifted up, and mould is opened, and operation is opened
Beginning pickup, then lower template 1-9 is cleared up, product is placed into, matched moulds, finally by start button, stops oil cylinder 1-18 releases, passes through cunning
Mould is transported to subsequent processing by dynamic roller 1-15.
Die sinking plate 1-4 is movably arranged on workbench 1-2 by support 1-12, and die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket 1-7 is arranged on machine
On rear side of frame 1-1, die sinking oil cylinder 1-3 is arranged on die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket 1-7, die sinking cylinder piston rod 1-13 front ends and die sinking plate
1-4 is flexibly connected, and die sinking plate 1-4 both sides, which are separately installed with clamping cylinder 1-5, clamping cylinder 1-5, is equipped with chuck 1-14, die sinking
When cope plate 1-8 for clamping mold, mould is opened under die sinking cylinder piston rod 1-13 drive, can be from mould
It is convenient to take out the carbon badminton racket frame of baking-curing sizing, it is reloaded into and is filled with resin carbon fibre battledore frame blank.
Slide roller 1-15 is housed on the frame 1-1 of workbench 1-2 bottoms.
Mould location column ejection cylinder 1-6 is arranged on the frame 1-1 of workbench 1-2 bottoms, is filled with for being loaded into
The mould ejection of resin carbon fibre battledore frame blank, is loaded by slide roller 1-15 and is filled with resin carbon fibre racket
The mould of frame blank, is sent to next procedure into tunnel oven, baking foaming shaping.
There are 90 degree of turning power drum lines, 8,90 degree of turning power drum lines 8 to have 90 in the installed in front of automatic mould opening machine 1
Spend equipped with 90 degree of turning power drum 8-2 on turning power drum frame 8-1,90 degree of turning power drum frame 8-1,90 degree turn
Curved power drum 8-2 ends are equipped with sprocket wheel 8-3, and 90 degree of turning power drum driving motor 8-4 are arranged on 90 degree of turning power rollings
Cylinder frame 8-1 bottoms, 90 degree of turning power drum driving motor 8-4 are driven 90 degree of turning power drum 8-2 by driving chain
Rotate, the mould for having toasted sizing carbon badminton racket frame is housed to automatic mould opening machine 1 to transmit.
90 degree of turning no-power drum lines, 2,90 degree of turning no-power drum lines 2 are installed in the rear side of automatic mould opening machine 1 to have
Have on 90 degree of turning no-power drum frames 2-1,90 degree of turning no-power drum frame 2-1 equipped with 90 degree of arrangement roller 2- that turn
2, to will be equipped with being filled with the shoe that the mould of resin carbon fibre battledore frame blank is sent to tunnel oven by manpower
In tape conveyor belt, into tunnel oven 3, baking molding.
Automatic mould opening machine 1 of the present invention is supported the use with carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line, and one
Carbon badminton racket is planted without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line, is an automatic assembly line, as long as manually operation machine is just
Production task can be completed, hot-forming traditional production technology is instead of, automatic delivering belt oven temperature is uniform and stable, plumage
It is more stable that ball top claps intensity;Labor intensity is reduced, also the hot environment without traditional handicraft, and environment temperature can be controlled normal
Temperature, work comfort, more environmentally-friendly health.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of automatic mould opening machine of carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line, it is characterised in that:Including
Frame, workbench, mould, die sinking plate, die sinking oil cylinder, die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket, clamping cylinder and mould location column ejection cylinder;
Workbench is arranged on upper rack, and on the table, mould includes cope plate, lower template and die positioning pin to mould installion;Light
When electric position-sensing switch detects mould, stop that oil cylinder performs action, the locating rod of positional cylinder is raised above, set mould position
Put, upper die sinking plate is pressed downward, and the upward jack-up of inner mould alignment pin opens the upper mould top of mould, the clamping cylinder on die sinking plate
Chuck clamp upper mould, be lifted up, mould open, operation starts pickup, then clears up lower mould, places into product, close
Mould, finally by start button, stops oil cylinder release, mould is transported to subsequent processing by slide roller;
Die sinking plate is movably arranged on workbench by support, and die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket is arranged on rear side of frame, die sinking oil cylinder peace
On die sinking oil cylinder mounting bracket, die sinking cylinder piston rod front end is flexibly connected with die sinking plate, and die sinking plate both sides are separately installed with
Chuck, cope plate during die sinking for clamping mold, in the drive of die sinking cylinder piston rod are housed on clamping cylinder, clamping cylinder
It is lower to open mould;
Mould location column ejection cylinder is arranged in the frame of workbench bottom, and resin carbon fibre feather is filled with for being loaded into
The mould ejection of racquet frame blank, is sent to next procedure into tunnel oven, baking foaming shaping.
2. automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket according to claim 1 without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line,
It is characterized in that:There are 90 degree of turning power drum lines in automatic mould opening machine installed in front, 90 degree of turning power drum lines have 90
Spend in turning power drum frame, 90 degree of turning power drum frames equipped with 90 degree of turning power drums, 90 degree of turning power rollings
Cylinder end is equipped with sprocket wheel, and 90 degree of turning power drum driving motors are arranged on 90 degree of turning power drum frame lowers, and 90 degree turn
Curved power drum driving motor is driven 90 degree of turning power drums by driving chain and rotated, and sizing has been toasted to transmit to be equipped with
The mould of carbon badminton racket frame is to automatic mould opening machine.
3. automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket according to claim 1 without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line,
It is characterized in that:90 degree of turning no-power drum lines, 90 degree of turning no-power drum line tools are installed on rear side of automatic mould opening machine
Have equipped with 90 degree of arrangement rollers of turning in 90 degree of turning no-power drum frames, 90 degree of turning no-power drum frames, to incite somebody to action
The crawler type for being sent to tunnel oven by manpower equipped with the mould for being filled with resin carbon fibre battledore frame blank is transmitted
Take, into tunnel oven, baking molding.
4. automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket according to claim 1 without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line,
It is characterized in that:Slide roller is housed in the frame of workbench bottom.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610103278.0A CN105538579B (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610103278.0A CN105538579B (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105538579A CN105538579A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
CN105538579B true CN105538579B (en) | 2017-09-26 |
Family
ID=55818361
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610103278.0A Active CN105538579B (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN105538579B (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5281767B2 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2013-09-04 | ヨネックス株式会社 | Badminton racket manufacturing method |
CN203317632U (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-12-04 | 宿迁傲达康复合材料有限公司 | Preforming machine of carbon fiber battledore |
CN203317646U (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-12-04 | 宿迁傲达康复合材料有限公司 | Non-wind-pressure molding die for carbon fiber battledore |
CN204367280U (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-06-03 | 张家港力勤机械有限公司 | For the production of the polyurethane foam mould bases of vehicle steering |
-
2016
- 2016-02-25 CN CN201610103278.0A patent/CN105538579B/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105538579A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103317709B (en) | Full-automatic plate plastics sucking moulding machine | |
CN105538578B (en) | Carbon badminton racket is without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line | |
CN206286528U (en) | A kind of die casting equipment | |
CN116198164B (en) | One-die multi-cavity flat vulcanizing machine for tire production | |
CN106696073A (en) | Automatic connecting device of sound insulation refractory brick production line | |
CN105034353A (en) | Automobile door handle end cover nut hot melting special machine | |
CN107139389A (en) | The automatic gripper of piece moulding inlaying | |
CN105538579B (en) | Automatic mould opening machine of the carbon badminton racket without air pressure forming technology automatic assembly line | |
CN105411104B (en) | Lining/rear enclosure processing machine and its processing technology before a kind of shoes | |
CN203305507U (en) | Full-automatic sheet material plastic suction molding machine | |
CN109081566B (en) | Full-automatic glass bulb machine | |
CN204955410U (en) | Vapour door handle end cover nut hot melt special plane | |
CN104722439A (en) | Double-head full-automatic glue sprayer | |
CN112743785A (en) | Plastic reel injection mold is surveyed in combination formula of multistation unit | |
CN207464157U (en) | A kind of feeding device of die casting machine | |
CN207617095U (en) | A kind of blow moulding machine | |
CN204672486U (en) | The full-automatic glue sprayer of double end | |
CN205905280U (en) | Carbon fiber badminton racket does not have air pressure moulding technique automatic production line's automatic opened die machine | |
CN102701570A (en) | Glass die forming device | |
CN108191222B (en) | Glass bending process | |
CN206124071U (en) | Carbon fiber badminton racket does not have air pressure moulding technique automatic production line | |
CN211194886U (en) | Compression molding equipment for rubber production | |
CN210732795U (en) | Automatic ceramic forming production line | |
CN210061981U (en) | Heating device of bottle blowing machine | |
CN114631671B (en) | Upper setting machine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |