CN105528941A - Action force and reaction force demonstration device - Google Patents
Action force and reaction force demonstration device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105528941A CN105528941A CN201610009738.3A CN201610009738A CN105528941A CN 105528941 A CN105528941 A CN 105528941A CN 201610009738 A CN201610009738 A CN 201610009738A CN 105528941 A CN105528941 A CN 105528941A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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Abstract
The invention relates to an action force and reaction force demonstration device. The demonstration device comprises a support arranged on the surface of a demonstration platform, wherein the support is fixedly connected with the demonstration platform. A rod guide component is fixedly arranged between the support and the surface of the demonstration platform and is vertical to the surface of the demonstration platform. The guide component is provided with at least two small balls capable of sliding up and down freely. When the demonstration device is used, a watcher or a learner, to begin with, enables the small balls to be moved to the upper end of the support along the limit direction of the guide component, and then, releases the small balls; when the balls fall onto the surface of the demonstration platform, the balls collide; since the small balls are made of different materials, the re-bounce height of the upper ball is equal to or lower than the height where the ball is released; and therefore, the physical phenomena of action force and reaction force as well as elastic collision and inelastic collision are demonstrated visually. The watcher or the learner can clearly observe the whole process of the collision phenomenon through the demonstration device, thereby greatly facilitating the watcher or the learner to perceive the mechanics principle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force and reacting force, be mainly used in Popular Science Education and teaching practice activity.
Background technology
Power is the effect of object to object, so power is all occur in pairs.Just there are force application object and stressed object effectively.There is by different forms the power produced as attraction, relative motion, deformation etc. that interacts between two articles, be called acting force.Because the effect between two objects is always mutual, so we are a pair power of object interphase interaction, are called acting force and reacting force.
Acting force is had just to have reacting force.We can be called acting force wherein any one power, and another power is called reacting force.The proper alignment of molecule, relies on this powerful acting force just.
In the ideal case, after object collision, deformation can recover, and does not generate heat, sounding, and do not have kinetic energy rejection, this collision is called elastic collision, also known as perfectly elastic impact.Real elastic collision only just there will be between molecule, atom and less particulate.
In collision process often there is deformation in object, also can generate heat, sounding.Therefore in the ordinary course of things, have kinetic energy rejection in collision process, i.e. kinetic energy, mechanical energy all nonconservation, this kind of collision is called inelastic collision.Collision rift object combines, or speed is equal, regard as one overall time kinetic energy rejection maximum, this collision is called perfect inelastic collision, and the process mechanism of perfect inelastic collision can also nonconservation.
In teaching process, usual teacher will draw key diagram on blackboard, describes the state of acting force and reacting force hand and foot, and the state of elastic collision and inelastic collision.Student can only carry out abstract understanding by feat of imagination.Same, how to show these contents intuitively at science popularization venue, also annoying showpiece deviser.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force and reacting force, the bandwagon effect directly perceived that visitor or learner can be allowed to experience the cause due to acting force and reacting force and elastic collision and inelastic collision more intuitively produce, and be applicable to using in teaching and science popularization venue for a long time.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
An apparatus for demonstrating for acting force and reacting force, comprises the support be arranged on the table top of exhibition booth, and described support is fixedly connected with exhibition booth; The shaft-like guiding parts perpendicular to exhibition booth table top is installed with between described support and exhibition booth table top; Described guiding parts is provided with at least two beads that can freely up and down slide.
Preferably, the material of described bead is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyoxymethylene.
Preferably, this apparatus for demonstrating is provided with the graduated scale of band at the side of shaft-like guiding parts, and the length direction of described scale is parallel with the bar length direction of guiding parts.
Preferably, the diameter being arranged in the bead on same guiding parts is different.
Further, described guiding parts and the bead worn thereon form a demonstration unit, and described demonstration unit is set to two groups, and the material of bead in two groups of demonstration unit is different.
Further, the diameter of the bead in same demonstration unit is identical, and the diameter of the bead in different demonstration unit is different.
Preferably, described guiding parts is ganoid Metallic rod or wire rope.
Preferably, the diameter of section of described guiding parts is 1 ~ 6mm, and the diameter of bead is 8 ~ 50mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1), the present invention utilizes the bead that can the guiding parts between pedestal upper end and exhibition booth table top and perpendicular to exhibition booth table top freely up and down slide, and carries out the demonstration of acting force and reacting force.When using this apparatus for demonstrating, visitor or learner discharge after first bead being moved to pedestal upper end along the restriction direction of guiding parts, after bead drops to exhibition booth table top, will collide between bead, due to the difference of bead material, therefore the height that the bead being in upper end is upspring again by height when being equal to or less than discharged, thus illustrates the physical phenomenon of acting force and reacting force and elastic collision and inelastic collision intuitively.Visitor or learner clearly can observe the whole process of collision phenomenon by this apparatus for demonstrating, thus greatly facilitate visitor or learner to the cognition of mechanics principle.
2) time, when employing material is identical, diameter is different bead carries out demonstrating, visitor or learner clearly can observe that occurred phenomenon is identical with material and diameter is identical bead occurs demonstrative process is the same, thus the size illustrating acting force and reacting force and object is irrelevant.
3) time, when employing material is different, diameter is identical bead carries out demonstrating respectively, namely the material that during certain demonstration, bead is used is identical, upper once demonstrate time bead material used then there occurs change, it is different that visitor or learner clearly can observe occurred phenomenon, thus to illustrate elastic collision to the material of inelastic collision and object be relevant.
4), the present invention is provided with scale at the side of guiding parts, because scale is provided with scale, is therefore very easy to observation and the study of spectators.
5), the present invention to drive by manpower and without the need to connecting power supply, and can demonstrate in various place according to actual needs, meets the society need of energy-saving and emission-reduction.Structure of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, reduces maintenance cost, is suitable for long-term teaching and the use of science popularization venue.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the identical structural representation of single wire rope the small ball's diameter of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the identical structural representation of double joint wire rope the small ball's diameter of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is double joint wire rope the small ball's diameter different structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is single wire rope the small ball's diameter different structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure, the implication of label symbol is as follows:
1-exhibition booth 2-bead 3-guiding parts 4-support 5-scale
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.Obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, legend is the acting force and reaction demonstrator structural representation that single wire rope the small ball's diameter is identical.
This apparatus for demonstrating comprises exhibition booth 1, be fixed on the support 4 on the table top of exhibition booth 1, the column of support 4 is provided with scale 5, between the upper end of support 4 and exhibition booth 1 table top, fixed vertical is in the guiding parts 3 i.e. wire rope of exhibition booth table top, string is provided with one group of bead 2 that can slide up and down on a steel cord, and the diameter in this group bead 2 is all identical.
Elaborate below in conjunction with the course of work of accompanying drawing to this apparatus for demonstrating.
Adopt the bead that polyformaldehyde material (POM) makes:
First, bead 2 is moved upward to the upper end of support 4 by bead by visitor or learner's hand or proper implements along wire rope, then discharges bead 2.When bead 2 is slipped to the table top of exhibition booth 1 along wire rope downwards from eminence, collision is there occurs between bead 2, this time, bead above will because of there occurs elastic collision and reacting force, pop up along wire rope, the height of upspringing can be seen almost consistent with the height of release by scale 5.
Adopt the bead that ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material makes:
First, bead 2 is moved upward to the upper end of support 4 by visitor or learner's hand or proper implements along wire rope, then discharges bead 2.When bead 2 is slipped to the table top of exhibition booth 1 along wire rope downwards from eminence, collision is there occurs between bead 2, this time, bead above will because of there occurs inelastic collision and reacting force, pop up along wire rope, the height of upspringing can see the height well below release by scale.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, legend is the acting force and reaction demonstrator structural representation that double joint wire rope the small ball's diameter is identical.
This apparatus for demonstrating comprises exhibition booth 1, be fixed on the support 4 on the table top of exhibition booth 1, the column of support 4 is provided with scale 5, between the upper end of support 4 and exhibition booth 1 table top, fixed vertical is in the guiding parts 3 i.e. wire rope of exhibition booth table top, and string has one group of bead 2 that can slide up and down on a steel cord.Wherein, the bead on the wire rope of left side is that ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material makes, and the bead on the wire rope of right side is that polyformaldehyde material (POM) makes; Can clearly be found out by Fig. 2, the small ball's diameter on the wire rope of left side is identical with the small ball's diameter on the wire rope of right side simultaneously.
Elaborate below in conjunction with the course of work of accompanying drawing to this apparatus for demonstrating.
First, two groups of beads are moved upward to the mutually level position, upper end of support 4 by visitor or learner's hand or proper implements simultaneously along wire rope, then discharge bead simultaneously.When bead is slipped to the table top of exhibition booth 1 along wire rope downwards from eminence, between bead, there occurs collision.In this time, the bead above left side because of there occurs inelastic collision and reacting force, will pop up along wire rope, and by scale, we can see the height well below release to the height of upspringing; And the bead above right side because of there occurs elastic collision and reacting force, will pop up along wire rope, the height of upspringing can be seen almost consistent with the height of release by scale 5.
The difference of the two is obviously.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, legend is the different acting force of double joint wire rope the small ball's diameter and reaction demonstrator structural representation.
This apparatus for demonstrating comprises exhibition booth 1, be fixed on the support 4 on the table top of exhibition booth 1, the column of support 4 is provided with scale 5, between the upper end of support 4 and exhibition booth 1 table top, fixed vertical is in the guiding parts 3 i.e. wire rope of exhibition booth table top, and string is provided with one group of bead 2 that can slide up and down on a steel cord.Wherein, the small ball's diameter on the small ball's diameter on the wire rope of left side and right side wire rope is different, but material is identical.
Elaborate below in conjunction with the course of work of accompanying drawing to this apparatus for demonstrating.
First, two groups of beads are moved upward to the mutually level position, upper end of support 4 by visitor or learner's hand or proper implements simultaneously along wire rope, then discharge bead simultaneously.When bead is slipped to the table top of exhibition booth 1 along wire rope downwards from eminence, between bead, there occurs collision.In this time, the bead above left side and right side because of there occurs collision and reacting force, will pop up along wire rope, the height that both sides bead is upspring can be seen by scale 5 both almost consistent.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4, legend is the different acting force of single wire rope the small ball's diameter and reaction demonstrator structural representation.
This apparatus for demonstrating comprises exhibition booth 1, be fixed on the support 4 on the table top of exhibition booth 1, the column of support 4 is provided with scale 5, between the upper end of support 4 and exhibition booth 1 table top, fixed vertical is in the guiding parts 3 i.e. wire rope of exhibition booth table top, string is provided with one group of bead 2 that can slide up and down on a steel cord, and the diameter of this group bead is all not identical each other.
Elaborate below in conjunction with the course of work of accompanying drawing to this apparatus for demonstrating.
Adopt the bead that polyformaldehyde material (POM) makes:
First, bead is moved upward to the upper end of support 4 by visitor or learner's hand or proper implements along wire rope, then discharge bead.When bead is slipped to the table top of exhibition booth 1 along wire rope downwards from eminence, collision is there occurs between bead, this time, bead above will because of there occurs elastic collision and reacting force, pop up along wire rope, the height of upspringing can be seen almost consistent with the height of release by scale 5.
Adopt the bead that ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material makes:
First, bead is moved upward to the upper end of support 4 by visitor or learner's hand or proper implements along wire rope, then discharge bead.When bead is slipped to the table top of exhibition booth 1 along wire rope downwards from eminence, collision is there occurs between bead, this time, bead above will because of there occurs inelastic collision and reacting force, pop up along wire rope, the height of upspringing can see the height well below release by scale 5.
Claims (8)
1. an apparatus for demonstrating for acting force and reacting force, comprises the support (4) be arranged on exhibition booth (1) table top, it is characterized in that: described support (4) is fixedly connected with exhibition booth (1); The shaft-like guiding parts (3) perpendicular to exhibition booth (1) table top is installed with between described support (4) and exhibition booth (1) table top; Described guiding parts (3) is provided with at least two beads that can freely up and down slide (2).
2. the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force according to claim 1 and reacting force, is characterized in that: the material of described bead (2) is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or polyoxymethylene (POM).
3. the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force according to claim 1 and 2 and reacting force, it is characterized in that: this apparatus for demonstrating is provided with the graduated scale of band (5) at the side of shaft-like guiding parts (3), and the length direction of described scale (5) is parallel with the bar length direction of guiding parts (3).
4. the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force according to claim 3 and reacting force, is characterized in that: the diameter being arranged in the bead (2) on same guiding parts (3) is different.
5. the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force according to claim 3 and reacting force, it is characterized in that: described guiding parts (3) and the bead (2) worn thereon form a demonstration unit, described demonstration unit is set to two groups, and the material of bead in two groups of demonstration unit is different.
6. the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force according to claim 5 and reacting force, is characterized in that: the diameter of the bead (2) in same demonstration unit is identical, and the diameter of the bead (2) in different demonstration unit is different.
7. the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force according to claim 5 and reacting force, is characterized in that: described guiding parts (3) is ganoid Metallic rod or wire rope.
8. the apparatus for demonstrating of a kind of acting force according to claim 5 and reacting force, is characterized in that: the diameter of section of described guiding parts (3) is 1 ~ 6mm, and the diameter of bead (2) is 8 ~ 50mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610009738.3A CN105528941A (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2016-01-05 | Action force and reaction force demonstration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610009738.3A CN105528941A (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2016-01-05 | Action force and reaction force demonstration device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105528941A true CN105528941A (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610009738.3A Pending CN105528941A (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2016-01-05 | Action force and reaction force demonstration device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105528941A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201667150U (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2010-12-08 | 上海市莘格高级中学 | Action and reaction demonstrator |
| CN202929916U (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2013-05-08 | 湖州师范学院 | Acting force and counterforce demonstration device |
| CN205582338U (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-09-14 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Effort and reaction force's presentation device |
-
2016
- 2016-01-05 CN CN201610009738.3A patent/CN105528941A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201667150U (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2010-12-08 | 上海市莘格高级中学 | Action and reaction demonstrator |
| CN202929916U (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2013-05-08 | 湖州师范学院 | Acting force and counterforce demonstration device |
| CN205582338U (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-09-14 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Effort and reaction force's presentation device |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘彬生: "《高中物理选修实验课本》", 30 September 1993, 教育科学出版社 * |
| 张丹枫: "《大学物理演示实验》", 30 September 2014, 中国科学技术大学出版社 * |
| 查有梁: "《给学生的20把钥匙》", 30 April 2010 * |
| 梁锦雄: "《注塑技术培训教程》", 30 June 2009, 机械工业出版社 * |
| 樊怀德: "《物理 上册》", 30 June 1983, 人民教育出版社 * |
| 王兴乃 等: "《中学物理实验员手册》", 30 November 1984 * |
| 路峻岭 等: "《物理演示实验手册》", 31 August 2015, 清华大学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20160427 |