CN105525936A - Ventilation control method for highway tunnel group - Google Patents

Ventilation control method for highway tunnel group Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105525936A
CN105525936A CN201610074903.3A CN201610074903A CN105525936A CN 105525936 A CN105525936 A CN 105525936A CN 201610074903 A CN201610074903 A CN 201610074903A CN 105525936 A CN105525936 A CN 105525936A
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China
Prior art keywords
tunnel
controlled
tunnels
controlled unit
pernicious gas
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CN201610074903.3A
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CN105525936B (en
Inventor
韩直
关菲菲
邢荣军
周广振
陈晓利
朱湧
周克勤
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China Merchants Chongqing Communications Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Merchants Chongqing Communications Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610074903.3A priority Critical patent/CN105525936B/en
Publication of CN105525936A publication Critical patent/CN105525936A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation control method for a highway tunnel group. The ventilation control method comprises steps as follows: the tunnel group formed by multiple tunnels connected in series is established in a traveling direction firstly; traveling time between the adjacent tunnels and completely metabolic time of a human body for harmful gases are compared, the tunnel group is divided into multiple controlled units according to a comparison value, and each controlled unit comprises one tunnel or multiple continuous tunnels; each independent controlled unit is subjected to harmful gas concentration control finally. The concentration of each kind of harmful gas in the tunnels is controlled according to the maximum intake volume borne by the human body, the condition that the body health of a driver is influenced due to poisoning or physical discomfort caused by excessive harmful gas intake of the driver or a passenger in the tunnel group can be avoided, and the traveling safety of the tunnel group is guaranteed; meanwhile, the concentration control can be performed on various harmful gases, a purpose of comprehensive safety control is achieved, the control process is simple, automatic control can be realized, further, fan control is timely, and the safety is guaranteed.

Description

Highway Tunnels aeration control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Road Tunnel Ventilation Control System field, be specifically related to a kind of Highway Tunnels aeration control method.
Background technology
When automobile travels on highway, tail gas harmful in a large number can be produced, but containing harmful CO gas in the discharge of vehicle exhaust, especially in tunnel, the concentration of pernicious gas is higher, therefore in tunnel, usually need to arrange blower fan control harmful gas concentration, to ensure that driver and crew's is healthy, and in prior art, tunnel control method is Cmax method mainly, the quantity increasing or reduce blower fan is decided by the Cmax value limiting CO gas, but due to driver and crew, before entering tunnel, sucked pernicious gas in last tunnel also not complete by metabolism, make again to absorb, be greater than the peak discharge of own metabolism, do not consider person for driving a car is being travelled the pernicious gas absorbed in tunnel and is greater than own metabolism ability defect by the tunnel group duration time, cause and adverse effect is caused to the healthy of driver and crew, avoid the generation of security incident, ensure traffic safety.
Therefore, for overcoming the above problems, needing a kind of Highway Tunnels aeration control method, can avoiding driving people poisoning or bring uncomfortable because taking in too much pernicious gas in tunnel group, avoiding affect the healthy of drivers, guarantee traffic safety.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the invention is to overcome defect of the prior art, Highway Tunnels aeration control method is provided, can avoiding driving people poisoning or bring uncomfortable because taking in too much pernicious gas in tunnel group, avoid affecting the healthy of drivers, ensure traffic safety.
Highway Tunnels aeration control method of the present invention, comprises
(1) set up according to direction of traffic and to be connected the tunnel group formed by multiple tunnel;
(2) by the running time between adjacent tunnel and human body, the pernicious gas complete metabolism time is compared, according to comparison value, tunnel group is divided into multiple controlled unit be made up of one or more continuous tunnel;
(3) respectively harmful gas concentration control is carried out to independently controlled unit.
Further, in described step (3), harmful gas concentration is carried out to single controlled unit and controls to comprise the following steps
A. the actual harmful gas concentration value in each tunnel detected in controlled unit is respectively I 1, I 2i ii j;
B. actual harmful gas concentration value compared with maximum safe concentration value respectively and control the fan operating numbers in tunnel according to comparison result respectively.
C. calculate human body actual absorption pernicious gas total amount in controlled unit, absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge make comparisons according to bearing in the actual absorption pernicious gas total amount time corresponding to human body; According to comparative result, control the fan operating numbers in controlled unit.
Further, described pernicious gas comprises k kind, and tunnel group comprises n+1 tunnel, and the time of complete each pernicious gas of metabolism of human body is respectively T 1, T 2t jt k, distribute controlled unit according to following method:
I. the running time between adjacent tunnel is respectively t 1, t 2t it nif, t i< max (T 1, T 2t jt k), then t itwo corresponding tunnels are assigned to same controlled unit, if ti>=max is (T 1, T 2t jt k), then two tunnels that ti is corresponding are assigned to different controlled unit; Controlled for difference unit is brought in step c corresponding harmful gas concentration is controlled; Described k>=2, n>=1;
II. be divided into controlled subelement further in single controlled unit, if t j< max (T 1, T 2t j-1, T j+1t k) two tunnels are assigned to same controlled subelement, if t j>=max (T 1, T 2t j-1, T j+1t k), then t jtwo corresponding tunnels are assigned to different controlled subelement; Controlled for difference subelement is brought in step c corresponding harmful gas concentration is controlled;
III. other different types of pernicious gases of residue are divided into groups by the mode of step II and carries out concentration control.
Further, in step c, if human body actual absorption pernicious gas total amount is greater than in the human body corresponding time to bear absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge, further according to formula c=Q max/ T closetry to achieve the standard security mean intensity value c of pernicious gas, if c < is I i, then the unlatching quantity of the i-th tunnel inner blower is increased, if c>=I i, then reduce or do not change the unlatching quantity of the i-th tunnel inner blower; Wherein I ibe the actual concentrations value in i-th tunnel, Q maxrepresent T closeinterior human body can bear in the corresponding time and absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge, T closerepresent the running time in controlled unit.
Further, wherein in stepb, the mode that actual harmful gas concentration value compares with maximum safe concentration value is respectively: the reference model by the traffic volume Q of historical data and harmful gas concentration C opening relationships formula being C=f (Q), carry out correction according to measured value to reference model and obtain the realistic model that relational expression is C=β f (Q), wherein β is correction coefficient; The blower fan the shortest opening time is s, change according to actual traffic amount prediction traffic volume in s and obtain the actual concentrations of prediction in conjunction with realistic model, by the actual concentrations of prediction and the comparison of maximum safe concentration value and according to the fan operating numbers in comparison result control tunnel.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of Highway Tunnels aeration control method disclosed by the invention, adopt human body can bear maximum Inhalation quantity to control the concentration of each pernicious gas in tunnel, can avoid driving people poisoning or bring uncomfortable because taking in too much pernicious gas in tunnel group, thus affect the healthy of drivers, then traffic safety is affected, better can protect that drivers's is healthy, ensure the traffic safety of tunnel group; Simultaneously can carry out concentration control to multiple pernicious gas, reach the object that comprehensive security controls, control procedure is simple, can Automated condtrol; And air-blower control is timely, ensure safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tunnel group in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Ventilation Control flow chart in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the handling process schematic diagram of controlled unit in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is individual tunnel safe concentration control structure schematic diagram in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tunnel group in the present invention, Fig. 2 is Ventilation Control flow chart in the present invention, Fig. 3 is the handling process schematic diagram of controlled unit in the present invention, Fig. 4 is individual tunnel safe concentration control structure schematic diagram in the present invention, as shown in the figure, Highway Tunnels aeration control method in the present embodiment, comprises
(1) set up according to direction of traffic and to be connected the tunnel group formed by multiple tunnel 2; Tunnel series connection represents that vehicle is a highway up train, and individual tunnel group does not have bifurcated, simultaneously can certainly set up multiple different tunnel group according to circuit difference and carry out Ventilation Control.
(2) by the running time between adjacent tunnel and human body, the pernicious gas complete metabolism time is compared, according to comparison value, tunnel group is divided into multiple controlled unit be made up of one or more continuous tunnel, between adjacent tunnel, the running time t of 3 can try to achieve divided by this section of highway regulation lowermost row vehicle speed v according to adjacent tunnel spacing L, i.e. t=L/v, motor-driven vehicle going between tunnel 3 time be respectively t 1t 2...t i...t n, the time of this pernicious gas of body metabolism is T, if t i< T, then this tunnel need jointly control with next tunnel, and such i-th just constitutes a set s to a jth tunnel i(i, i+1 ..., j) or controlled unit, if t j>=T, illustrate at this moment and metabolism can fall the pernicious gas amount of absorption completely, the later tunnel construction sections of j+1 can be used as independent controlled unit and carries out Ventilation Control, till running time is less than T until between tunnel, is designated as s j+1, by that analogy, tunnel group is divided into multiple controlled cell S, can by s ias the independent unit controlled, respectively harmful gas concentration control is carried out to independently controlled unit, the quantity of utilization increase or minimizing blower fan ensures the pernicious gas total amount (the pernicious gas amount of now discharging in tunnel spacing can be ignored) in controlled unit, certainly, air-blower control can adopt and carry out Long-distance Control by local control centre, after running time between the complete metabolism time of pernicious gas and tunnel being contrasted according to human body in the tunnel in tunnel group, tunnel group is divided into multiple controlled unit, carry out independent pernicious gas to controlled unit to control.
In the present embodiment, in described step (3), harmful gas concentration is carried out to single controlled unit and controls to comprise the following steps
A. the actual harmful gas concentration value in each tunnel detected in controlled unit is respectively I 1, I 2i ii j, the Concentration Testing instrument that pernicious gas is corresponding adopts in prior art and can realize the concentration detector that the object of the invention can survey harmful gas concentration, and the local control centre that detected value transmits is processed;
B. actual harmful gas concentration value compared with maximum safe concentration value respectively and control the fan operating numbers in tunnel according to comparison result respectively; If actual harmful gas concentration value is greater than maximum safe concentration value, then this tunnel need increase fan operating numbers, otherwise, then do not change or reduce fan operating numbers; Every 500 meters of individual tunnel arranges a concentration detector, and actual harmful gas concentration value can be the maximum value that concentration detector is surveyed; Compared with maximum safe concentration value respectively by actual harmful gas concentration value, driver and crew can be avoided to suck the pernicious gas being greater than maximum safe concentration value at short notice, ensure to form road safety, the maximum safe concentration value of pernicious gas adopts existing industry standard to set.
In the present embodiment, wherein in stepb, the mode that actual harmful gas concentration value compares with maximum safe concentration value is respectively: for individual tunnel, by the reference model that the traffic volume Q of historical data and harmful gas concentration C opening relationships formula are C=f (Q), according to measured value, correction is carried out to reference model and obtain the realistic model that relational expression is C=β f (Q), wherein β is correction coefficient, and β is that under the same traffic volume, actual harmful gas concentration obtains constant divided by corresponding history harmful gas concentration, the blower fan the shortest opening time is s, change according to actual traffic amount prediction traffic volume in s and obtain the actual concentrations of prediction in conjunction with realistic model, by the actual concentrations of prediction and the comparison of maximum safe concentration value and according to the fan operating numbers in comparison result control tunnel, the traffic volume of individual tunnel obtained by wagon detector and by time survey the traffic volume be sent to control centre, control centre can learn that in time period s, the traffic volume is in rising, downward trend also brings realistic model into, if the maximum actual concentrations value of prediction is more than or equal to maximum safe concentration value in time period s, then increase the quantity of opening blower fan immediately, otherwise, do not increase or reduce the quantity of start the machine air blower, ensure that blower fan is opened in time, avoid because pernicious gas causes driver and crew to be affected safely not in time.
C. calculate human body actual absorption pernicious gas total amount in controlled unit, absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge make comparisons according to bearing in the actual absorption pernicious gas total amount time corresponding to human body, human body bears this pernicious gas peak discharge of absorption, according to comparative result, control the fan operating numbers in controlled unit, calculate human body actual absorption pernicious gas total amount in controlled unit 1 it is I that definition absorbs harmful gas gross 0t 0wherein I 0harmful gas concentration (unit: ppm ppm) in environment residing for human body, t 0for residing time (unit: divide), wherein I iit is the actual concentrations value in i-th tunnel, ti is the running time in i-th tunnel, and human body can bear this pernicious gas maximum magnitude of absorption by obtaining according to " highway tunnel ventilation Lighting Design specification " in the corresponding time, such as, in 20 minutes, the concentration value of CO gas gets 300ppm according to " highway tunnel ventilation Lighting Design specification ", then in 20 minutes, human body can bear absorption CO gas peak discharge in 20 minutes be that 20min is multiplied by 300ppm, in conjunction with " highway tunnel ventilation Lighting Design specification ", set up human body according to different time sections and bear this pernicious gas maximum magnitude database of absorption, directly transfer corresponding human body according to the running time of driving in controlled unit 1 to bear and absorb this pernicious gas maximum magnitude and actual absorption pernicious gas total amount compares, contrast work can be operated by existing computer software, if actual absorption pernicious gas total amount is greater than absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge to bearing, then increase fan operating numbers to reduce the harmful gas concentration in controlled unit 1, avoid the too much pernicious gas of absorption of human body, ensure safe driving.
In the present embodiment, described pernicious gas comprises k kind, and tunnel group comprises n+1 tunnel, and the time of complete each pernicious gas of metabolism of human body is respectively T 1, T 2t jt k, distribute controlled unit 1 according to following method:
I. the running time between adjacent tunnel is respectively t 1, t 2t it nif, t i< max (T 1, T 2t jt k), then t itwo corresponding tunnels are assigned to same controlled unit, if ti>=max is (T 1, T 2t jt k), then two tunnels that ti is corresponding are assigned to different controlled unit; Controlled for difference unit is brought in step c corresponding harmful gas concentration is controlled; Described k>=2, n>=1;
II. be divided into controlled subelement 11 further in single controlled unit, if t j< max (T 1, T 2t j-1, T j+1t k) two tunnels are assigned to same controlled subelement 11, if t j>=max (T 1, T 2t j-1, T j+1t k), then t jtwo corresponding tunnels are assigned to different controlled subelement; Controlled for difference subelement is brought in step c corresponding harmful gas concentration is controlled;
III. other different types of pernicious gases of residue are divided into groups to control by the mode of step II;
Described pernicious gas can comprise CO gas, oxynitrides gas, containing one or more in solid particulate matter gas, hydrocarbon gas and oxygen sulfur compound gas, adopt each self-corresponding concentration detector to detect the concentration value in each tunnel 2 respectively and detection signal is sent to local control centre and process, by by after nested for different types of pernicious gas segmentation and concentration control, can simplify processes process, ensure control efficiency, ensure effectively to control various pernicious gas, effectively improve the safety of road traffic.
In the present embodiment, in step c, if human body actual absorption pernicious gas total amount is greater than in the human body corresponding time to bear absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge, further according to formula c=Q max/ T closetry to achieve the standard security mean intensity value c (or setting) of pernicious gas, if c < is I i, then the unlatching quantity of the i-th tunnel inner blower is increased, if c>=I i, then reduce or do not change the unlatching quantity of the i-th tunnel inner blower; Wherein I ibe the actual concentrations value in i-th tunnel, Q maxrepresent T closeinterior human body can bear in the corresponding time and absorb this pernicious gas maximum magnitude, T closerepresent the running time in this controlled unit; T closetunnel total length in this controlled unit available adds each adjacent tunnel spacing sum and obtains divided by road speed, made comparisons by average harmful gas concentration and actual harmful gas concentration value, tunnel that can be higher to concentration in time carries out the process of reduction concentration, ensures harmful gas concentration control efficiency.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a Highway Tunnels aeration control method, is characterized in that: comprise
(1) set up according to direction of traffic and to be connected the tunnel group formed by multiple tunnel;
(2) by the running time between adjacent tunnel and human body, the pernicious gas complete metabolism time is compared, according to comparison value, tunnel group is divided into multiple controlled unit be made up of one or more continuous tunnel;
(3) respectively harmful gas concentration control is carried out to independently controlled unit.
2. Highway Tunnels aeration control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), carries out harmful gas concentration control to comprise the following steps: to single controlled unit
A. the actual harmful gas concentration value in each tunnel detected in controlled unit is respectively I 1, I 2i ii j;
B. actual harmful gas concentration value compared with maximum safe concentration value respectively and control the fan operating numbers in tunnel according to comparison result respectively.
C. calculate human body actual absorption pernicious gas total amount in controlled unit, absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge make comparisons according to bearing in the actual absorption pernicious gas total amount time corresponding to human body; According to comparative result, control the fan operating numbers in controlled unit.
3. Highway Tunnels aeration control method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described pernicious gas comprises k kind, tunnel group comprises n+1 tunnel, and the time of complete each pernicious gas of metabolism of human body is respectively T 1, T 2t jt k, distribute controlled unit according to following method:
I. the running time between adjacent tunnel is respectively t 1, t 2t it nif, t i< max (T 1, T 2t jt k), then t itwo corresponding tunnels are assigned to same controlled unit, if t i>=max (T 1, T 2t jt k), then t itwo corresponding tunnels are assigned to different controlled unit; Controlled for difference unit is brought in step c corresponding harmful gas concentration is controlled; Described k>=2, n>=1;
II. be divided into controlled subelement further in single controlled unit, if t j< max (T 1, T 2t j-1, T j+1t k) two tunnels are assigned to same controlled subelement, if t j>=max (T 1, T 2t j-1, T j+1t k), then t jtwo corresponding tunnels are assigned to different controlled subelement; Controlled for difference subelement is brought in step c corresponding harmful gas concentration is controlled;
III. other different types of pernicious gases of residue are divided into groups by the mode of step II and carries out concentration control.
4. Highway Tunnels aeration control method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step c, if human body actual absorption pernicious gas total amount is greater than in the human body corresponding time to bear absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge, further according to formula c=Q max/ T closetry to achieve the standard security mean intensity value c of pernicious gas, if c < is I i, then the unlatching quantity of the i-th tunnel inner blower is increased, if c>=I i, then reduce or do not change the unlatching quantity of the i-th tunnel inner blower; Wherein I ibe the actual concentrations value in i-th tunnel, Q maxrepresent T closeinterior human body can bear in the corresponding time and absorb this pernicious gas peak discharge, T closerepresent the running time in controlled unit.
5. Highway Tunnels aeration control method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: wherein in stepb, the mode that actual harmful gas concentration value compares with maximum safe concentration value is respectively: the reference model by the traffic volume Q of historical data and harmful gas concentration C opening relationships formula being C=f (Q), carry out correction according to measured value to reference model and obtain the realistic model that relational expression is C=β f (Q), wherein β is correction coefficient; The blower fan the shortest opening time is s, change according to actual traffic amount prediction traffic volume in s and obtain the actual concentrations of prediction in conjunction with realistic model, by the actual concentrations of prediction and the comparison of maximum safe concentration value and according to the fan operating numbers in comparison result control tunnel.
CN201610074903.3A 2016-02-02 2016-02-02 Highway Tunnels aeration control method Expired - Fee Related CN105525936B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108229013A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-29 四川大学 A kind of full ventilation by force draft required airflow computational methods in Ramp urban road tunnel
CN108574338A (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-09-25 江苏仁程电子科技有限公司 A kind of real-time monitoring system of environment linkage

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07238794A (en) * 1994-02-26 1995-09-12 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Tunnel ventilation control method
CN101235723A (en) * 2008-02-02 2008-08-06 西南交通大学 Express highway section multi- tunnel gathering type intelligent aeration control method
CN102400701A (en) * 2010-09-10 2012-04-04 上海同岩土木工程科技有限公司 Road tunnel intercommunication type longitudinal ventilation mode
CN202325613U (en) * 2011-11-11 2012-07-11 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Ventilation system for sector tunnel of subway
CN103197645A (en) * 2013-04-03 2013-07-10 昆明联诚科技有限公司 Expressway programmable logic controller (PLC) tunnel monitoring system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07238794A (en) * 1994-02-26 1995-09-12 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Tunnel ventilation control method
CN101235723A (en) * 2008-02-02 2008-08-06 西南交通大学 Express highway section multi- tunnel gathering type intelligent aeration control method
CN102400701A (en) * 2010-09-10 2012-04-04 上海同岩土木工程科技有限公司 Road tunnel intercommunication type longitudinal ventilation mode
CN202325613U (en) * 2011-11-11 2012-07-11 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Ventilation system for sector tunnel of subway
CN103197645A (en) * 2013-04-03 2013-07-10 昆明联诚科技有限公司 Expressway programmable logic controller (PLC) tunnel monitoring system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108574338A (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-09-25 江苏仁程电子科技有限公司 A kind of real-time monitoring system of environment linkage
CN108229013A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-29 四川大学 A kind of full ventilation by force draft required airflow computational methods in Ramp urban road tunnel
CN108229013B (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-10-12 四川大学 A kind of full ventilation by force draft required airflow computational methods in Ramp urban road tunnel

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