CN105521822B - One kind is rung a bell type nanoparticle and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

One kind is rung a bell type nanoparticle and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN105521822B
CN105521822B CN201610009535.4A CN201610009535A CN105521822B CN 105521822 B CN105521822 B CN 105521822B CN 201610009535 A CN201610009535 A CN 201610009535A CN 105521822 B CN105521822 B CN 105521822B
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ringing
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CN105521822A (en
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张铁锐
范春芳
吴骊珠
佟振合
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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    • B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
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    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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Abstract

The present invention discloses one kind and rings a bell type nanoparticle, the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell is obtained under ultrasound-driven by assembling by of the same race or two kinds of inorganic nanoparticles, a diameter of 30 200nm of the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell, its shell is that 1 5nm inorganic nanoparticles form by size, kernel is that 9 20nm inorganic nanoparticles form by size, the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell, which has, quickly to be prepared, is simple and easy to get, have the characteristics that better visible light catalytic H2-producing capacity than the non-type vesica shape microballoon of ringing a bell of same material, is of great significance in practical applications.The invention also discloses the methods and applications for preparing the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell.

Description

One kind is rung a bell type nanoparticle and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation fields of nano material.It rings a bell type nanoparticle and its preparation more particularly, to one kind Methods and applications.
Background technology
In the past few decades, with the development of nanosecond science and technology, a large amount of nano materials with novel structure have been emerged in large numbers, Such as nanocages, nanobelt etc..Type of ringing a bell nano material is also quite attracted attention due to its unique structure and special performance.Generally For, the type structure of ringing a bell is different from other structures and is typically characterized by between packed kernel and shell that there are cavitys.By In this unique structure, ring a bell proximate matter material biotechnology, catalysis and other in terms of, such as drug delivery, nano-reactor Deng there is potential application value.
But tradition is rung a bell, but " one-step method " can not completed for the preparation of type structure, typically include the structure of kernel It builds, the growth of shell and other post-processing steps.Template is to prepare the common method of type structure of ringing a bell, typically in kernel Surface coat the sheathing material of one layer or multilayer, and then, a part of kernel or shell are etched to form cavity.Such as In Au nano grain surfaces cladding multilayer SiO2, then Au nano particles rung a bell type structure by the formation of KCN partial etchings.Except this it Outside, also there are other methods for preparing type structure of ringing a bell, such as Oswald that moral curing.
To sum up, the preparation for type structure of ringing a bell is a cumbersome lengthy and jumbled and time-consuming process.Quickly prepare photocatalysis effect The type structure microspheres of ringing a bell that rate is high, H2-producing capacity is good are of great significance.
Invention content
First of the present invention is designed to provide one kind and rings a bell type nanoparticle, which is type of ringing a bell Structure, simplicity are easy to get, and assemble to obtain by of the same race or two kinds of inorganic nanoparticles, gained ring a bell type nanoparticle than non-type of ringing a bell Vesica shape microballoon has better visible light catalytic H2-producing capacity.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method for type nanoparticle of ringing a bell, and the preparation method is simple Quickly, kernel can be introduced into assembling in imitated vesicle structure using one-step method, forms type structure of ringing a bell, has in practical applications It is significant.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application for type nanoparticle of ringing a bell.
To reach above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
One kind is rung a bell type nanoparticle, is assembled and is obtained under ultrasound-driven by of the same race or two kinds of inorganic nanoparticles；It is described A diameter of 30-200nm of type of ringing a bell nanoparticle；The type nanoparticle of ringing a bell is made of kernel and shell；Shell is by size The inorganic nanoparticles of 1-5nm form, and are selected from Au or CdSe nano particles；Kernel by size 9-20nm inorganic nanoparticles group At selected from Au, PbS or Au-Fe3O4Nano particle.
The present invention ring a bell type structure nano microballoon kernel and shell between there is hollow structure, kernel is by 1-5nm Inorganic nanoparticles assemble packaged by the more shell vesica shape shells to be formed, and improve the stability and dispersibility of kernel, simultaneously Kernel can also enhance the catalytic performance of sheathing material.
To reach above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of preparation method for type nanoparticle of ringing a bell, includes the following steps：
1) the 4- mercaptopyridines on uniformly mixed of the same race or two kinds of inorganic nanoparticles surfaces, modification；
2) by modified inorganic nanoparticles in step 1), assembling obtains the type of ringing a bell and receives in a solvent under ultrasound condition Meter Wei Qiu.
Preferably, of the same race described in step 1) or two kinds of inorganic nanoparticles are respectively the nano particle that size is 1-5nm With the nano particle that size is 9-20nm；The nano particle that the size is 1-5nm is selected from Au or CdSe nano particles；It is described big The small nano particle for 9-20nm is selected from Au, PbS or Au-Fe3O4Nano particle.
Preferably, modification described in step 1), which refers to, is received 4- mercaptopyridines coordination to inorganic using ultrasound or stirring Rice grain surface replaces original ligand.
Preferably, in step 2), the ultrasonic time of the ultrasound condition is 5-60min.
Preferably, in step 2), the solvent is selected from water or ethyl alcohol.
Preferably, reaction carries out under normal temperature condition.
To reach above-mentioned third purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
Application of type of the ringing a bell nanoparticle as visible light catalyst.
Further, type nanoparticle of ringing a bell obtained by the present invention can be used as catalyst applied in visible light catalytic production hydrogen.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
Type nanoparticle provided by the invention of ringing a bell is prepared quickly, simple and easy to get；
Type microballoon is rung a bell compared with the non-type imitated vesicle structure of ringing a bell of a variety of identical materials prepared by the present invention, is had more preferable Visible light catalytic H2-producing capacity；
The preparation method of type nanoparticle provided by the invention of ringing a bell is the self assembly of ultrasound-driven, and this method need not close At the ligand molecular with special construction, assembling, and preparation method condition are realized using commercialized cheap 4- mercaptopyridines Mildly, it is generally applicable in, is with a wide range of applications in fields such as catalysis, biomedicines.
Description of the drawings
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1A shows ringing a bell for the Au/CdSe nano particles assembling preparation of 1 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification The transmission electron microscope picture of type nanoparticle.
Figure 1B shows ringing a bell for the Au/CdSe nano particles assembling preparation of 1 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification The size distribution plot of type nanoparticle.
Fig. 2 shows types of ringing a bell prepared by the Au/CdSe nano particles assembling of 1 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification The infrared spectrogram of nanoparticle and the infrared spectrogram of 4- mercaptopyridines and octadecylamine.
Fig. 3 shows CdSe vesicas (CNV) in embodiment 1, Au/CdSe vesicas (ACNV), ONV structures (Au nano particles position In CdSe vesicas outer surface) transmission electron microscope picture.
Fig. 4 shows that Au@CdSe prepared by embodiment 1 ring a bell type nanoparticle (YS) and CdSe vesicas (CNV), Au/CdSe The visible light catalytic production hydrogen activity comparison of vesica (ACNV), ONV structures (Au nano particles are located at CdSe vesicas outer surface).
Fig. 5 A show ringing a bell for the Au/CdSe nano particles assembling preparation of 2 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification The transmission electron microscope picture of type nanoparticle.
Fig. 5 B show ringing a bell for the Au/CdSe nano particles assembling preparation of 2 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification The size distribution plot of type nanoparticle.
Fig. 6 shows that the type of ringing a bell prepared by the Au/Au nano particles assembling of 3 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification is received The transmission electron microscope picture of meter Wei Qiu.
Fig. 7 shows ringing a bell for the PbS/CdSe nano particles assembling preparation of 4 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification The transmission electron microscope picture of type nanoparticle.
Fig. 8 shows the Au-Fe of 5 ultrasound-driven 4- mercaptopyridines of embodiment modification3O4It is prepared by the assembling of/CdSe nano particles The transmission electron microscope picture of type of ringing a bell nanoparticle.
Specific implementation mode
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings It is bright.Similar component is indicated with identical reference numeral in attached drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of quick preparation, type nanoparticle preparation method of ringing a bell simple and easy to get, include the following steps：
At room temperature, it by the ethanol solution of the 200 μ L4- mercaptopyridines of a concentration of 6mM, is added to surface and is modified by octadecylamine 3.2nm CdSe nano particles and 10.7nm Au nano particles ethanol solution in, the quality of wherein CdSe nano particles is The quality of 2mg, gold nano grain are 0.154mg, volumes of aqueous ethanol 4mL.After the sonicated 30min of mixture, it is added About 4mL petroleum ethers centrifuge.Obtained solid is dispersed in 4mL water, using supersound process 30min.
Type nanoparticle obtained of ringing a bell is characterized with transmission electron microscope, Figure 1A is the Electronic Speculum of the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell obtained Photo, Figure 1B are the size distribution plot of the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell obtained, it can be seen that the size of type of ringing a bell nanoparticle is 48.6±8.6nm。
Type nanoparticle obtained of ringing a bell is characterized with FTIR spectrum, as shown in Fig. 2, type nanoparticle table of ringing a bell Two kinds of ligands of 4- mercaptopyridines and octadecylamine are contained in face simultaneously, that is, exist simultaneously hydrophilic and hydrophobic two kinds of ligands, amphipathic is to drive Dynamic inorganic nanoparticles assembling prepares the driving force for type nanoparticle of ringing a bell.
In the quartz ampoule of 4 50mL, the aqueous solution of catalyst and the 20mL ascorbic acid of 0.075M is added, is added 4 This catalyst of branch quartz ampoule is CdSe vesicas (CNV, 2mg CdSe) respectively, Au/CdSe vesicas (ACNV, 2mg CdSe, 0.154mg Au, Au grain sizes are 3.7nm), type of ringing a bell nanoparticle (YS, 2mg CdSe, 0.154mg Au, Au grain sizes 10.7nm), Au is located at CdSe vesicas outer surface structure (ONV, 2mg CdSe, 0.154mg Au, Au grain size 10.7nm)).CdSe The transmission electron microscope picture that vesica, Au/CdSe imitated vesicle structures, Au are located at CdSe vesica outer surface structures is as shown in Figure 3.
It is passed through nitrogen 30min into 4 quartz test tubes and excludes the sealing of oxygen blend rubber plug, under stiring illumination 1h, light Source is 300W xenon lamps, filters out the ultraviolet light that wavelength is less than 420nm.With Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph for determination hydrogen outputs, such as scheme Shown in 4.
The results are shown in Figure 4, and compared with CNV, ACNV and ONV, YS has best photocatalysis performance, specific as follows：CNV Unsupported Au nano particles, almost without production hydrogen activity in ascorbic acid is as the system of sacrifice agent；Small ruler is loaded in ACNV Very little Au nano particles, as co-catalyst, catalytic performance is promoted；YS possesses best photocatalysis performance, and H2-producing capacity is 4 times of ACNV, large-sized Au nano particles can not only be used as co-catalyst, large-sized Au nano particles also to have in YS Localized surface plasmons resonance effect, makes H2-producing capacity be improved；Compared with ONV, Au nano particles are located at CdSe in YS The localized surface plasmons resonance effect of imitated vesicle structure inner surface, Au nano particles can influence more CdSe, produce hydrogen Can be 2 times of ONV.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 1 is repeated, 10.7nm Au nano particles are only being changed to 13.4nm Au nano particles by difference.Gained Au@CdSe ring a bell type nanoparticle performance with embodiment 1, and morphology and size is distributed as fig. 5 a and fig. 5b, size 56.7 ±13.9nm。
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 2 is repeated, 3.2nm CdSe nano particles are only being changed to 3.1nm Au nano particles by difference.Gained Au@Au ring a bell type nanoparticle performance with embodiment 1, and pattern is as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 1 is repeated, 10.7nm Au nano particles are only being changed to 18nm PbS nano particles by difference.Gained PbS@CdSe ring a bell type nanoparticle performance with embodiment 1, and pattern is as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 1 is repeated, 10.7nm Au nano particles are only being changed to Au-Fe3O4 nano particles by difference.Gained Au- Fe3O4@CdSe ring a bell type nanoparticle performance with embodiment 1, and pattern is as shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 1 is repeated, is differed only in, by " obtained solid is dispersed in 4mL water, using supersound process 30min " It is changed to that " obtained solid is dispersed in 4mL water, using 5min " is ultrasonically treated, obtains type nanoparticle of ringing a bell, and performance is the same as implementing Example 1.
Embodiment 7
Embodiment 1 is repeated, is differed only in, by " obtained solid is dispersed in 4mL water, using supersound process 30min " It is changed to that " obtained solid is dispersed in 4mL water, using 60min " is ultrasonically treated, obtains type nanoparticle of ringing a bell, and performance is the same as implementing Example 1.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method for type nanoparticle of ringing a bell, which is characterized in that the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell is by of the same race or two kinds Inorganic nanoparticles are assembled under ultrasound-driven and are obtained；A diameter of 30-200nm of the type nanoparticle of ringing a bell；It is described to ring a bell Type nanoparticle is made of kernel and shell；Shell is made of the inorganic nanoparticles of size 1-5nm, is selected from Au or CdSe nanometers Particle；Kernel is made of the inorganic nanoparticles of size 9-20nm, is selected from Au, PbS or Au-Fe3O4Nano particle；
The preparation method includes the following steps：
1) octadecylamine is first modified on uniformly mixed of the same race or two kinds of inorganic nanoparticles surfaces, then modifies 4- sulfydryl pyrroles Pyridine；
2) it is micro- that modified inorganic nanoparticles in step 1) are assembled to the type nanometer that obtains ringing a bell in a solvent under ultrasound condition Ball.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that of the same race described in step 1) or two kinds of inorganic nanos The nano particle that grain is respectively the nano particle that size is 1-5nm and size is 9-20nm；The size is the nanometer of 1-5nm Grain-by-grain seed selection is from Au or CdSe nano particles；The nano particle that the size is 9-20nm is selected from Au, PbS or Au-Fe3O4Nano particle.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that modification described in step 1) refers to using ultrasound or stirs It mixes 4- mercaptopyridines coordination to inorganic nanoparticles surface, replaces original ligand.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2), the ultrasonic time of the ultrasound condition For 5-60min.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2), the solvent is selected from water or ethyl alcohol.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reaction carries out under normal temperature condition.
7. what preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 was prepared rings a bell type nanoparticle as visible light catalytic The application of agent.
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