CN105515121B - A kind of equalization cascade structure, battery pack and its charging/discharging thereof with the structure - Google Patents
A kind of equalization cascade structure, battery pack and its charging/discharging thereof with the structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105515121B CN105515121B CN201610055969.8A CN201610055969A CN105515121B CN 105515121 B CN105515121 B CN 105515121B CN 201610055969 A CN201610055969 A CN 201610055969A CN 105515121 B CN105515121 B CN 105515121B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of equalization cascade structures, battery pack with the structure and its charging/discharging thereof, balance module wherein in equalization cascade structure uses two class DC DC converters, one type is the non-isolated DC DC converters for having external controlling switch and buck functionality, another is the isolated DC DC converters for having the non-isolated DC DC converters of external controlling switch and boost function or having external controlling switch and buck functionality, in this equalizing structure of the present invention, battery pack and its charging/discharging thereof with the structure can make system reliability higher, and balance module total volume and production cost are lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the chargings of battery pack or super capacitor group, more particularly to each monomer in battery pack or super capacitor group
Equalizaing charge.
The prior art
Currently, by accumulator or capacitance (to simplify the description, being hereafter described as " battery or capacitance " omission " battery ")
As in the system of energy-storage units, cell capacity is relatively low, and it is impossible to meet the requirements of hicap, it is therefore desirable to will
Single battery connects to form battery pack；Parallel connection can increase capacity, but its terminal voltage is still very low, still be considered one " monomer " electricity
Pond directly uses, since the loss of switching device, diode drop seems considerable, in high power applications, still in this case
Single battery need to be connected to form battery pack, as shown in Figure 1, to improve supply voltage and memory capacity, such as electric vehicle,
In the fields such as micro-capacitance sensor, large-scale energy-storage system, the battery pack for needing single battery to be connected in series mostly, Fig. 1 is by single battery B1
It is connected in series to Bn, there are two total terminal U+ and U-, U+ to be known as the anode of battery pack for obtained battery pack, and U- is known as battery pack
Cathode not only can externally discharge, but also can be charged to battery pack with external power supply；For convenience, in this application, just from battery pack
Single battery nearest pole U+ is known as first single battery, is indicated with B1 in Fig. 1, remaining and so on, most from battery electrode
Close single battery, number is maximum, is most end single battery, is indicated with Bn in Fig. 1.The service life of later battery pack in groups
Well below the service life of single battery, mainly since the difference of single battery manufacture craft causes capacity, self-discharge rate etc. no
Together, these small differences afterwards in use, can make each single battery capacity generate bigger difference, and then influence
The work of entire battery pack.
When the single battery consistency of series battery changes, when using constant-current source to series battery charge,
By taking lithium battery as an example, necessarily there is single battery because its capacity declines, terminal voltage first reaches end of charge voltage 4.2V, and this
When, the terminal voltage of some single batteries may ability 3.8V.Such as to the battery pack of 10 strings, constant-current charge, latter stage are permanent using 42V in advance
Pressure charging is higher than 4.2V to limit charging current, by the charging voltage for having single battery, this monomer is in overcharging state；And its
Its terminal voltage of the big battery of middle capacity is less than 4.2V, is in charge less state.If the battery in potential overcharging state is not had
Effect limitation, is most probably damaged or even catching fire, explosion；Therefore the equalizaing charge of various battery packs is very important, especially
It is in the concatenated occasion of a large amount of single batteries, and super capacitor series connection is equally there is also similar problem, the battery in the application
Group also includes the capacitance group of super capacitor composition.
For above-mentioned imbalance problem, there are a variety of equalizaing charge technologies, original scheme is：Resistance consumption equalization,
As shown in Fig. 2, being connected in parallel on single battery B1 after resistance R1 and switch K1 series connection, other batteries are identical, when in parallel with battery B1
Voltage detecting circuit when detecting that the terminal voltage of battery B1 reaches end of charge voltage 4.2V, switch K1 is closed, R1 points of resistance
Current charge electric current, to ensure not having in battery B1 electric current to flow through or battery B1 discharging currents, or there are trickles to be filled to battery B1
Electricity.For balancing battery or battery pack self discharge, accumulator is set to be maintained at the continuous low current charge of approximate fully charged state, again
Claim to safeguard charging (floating charge).The batteries such as the accumulator of the DC power system of telecommunication installation, signal system etc., after fully charged
Many places are in trickle charge state, in case being used when electric discharge.
This mode is using very inconvenient, if changing the charging current to battery pack, then, correspondingly, all resistance
Resistance value will replace, in order to avoid battery occurs overcharging or charge less.Certainly, by taking battery B1 as an example, the resistance value of resistance R1 can be taken
Small, i.e., when switch K1 is closed, battery B1 will also be to resistance R1 discharging currents, then so that switch K1 is operated on off state
Under, it to realize within a certain period of time, the charging current to battery B1 is zero or is specified low current trickle.
It generates heat since resistance exists, such as the electric current of 3A, when being charged to 4.2V, resistance will absorb 3A electric currents, and calorific value is
12.6W, the efficiency of this equalization charging circuit is low, power consumption is big, does not conform to current energy-saving and emission-reduction development trend.It is exemplified below tool
Representational domestic technique scheme：
Fig. 3 is active equalization scheme schematic diagram of the existing one of which based on DC-DC converter as balance module, is used
The balance module arrived is a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter, and automatic detection, the end of more two neighboring single battery are electric
Pressure, and the energy of the high single battery of wherein voltage is finally reached purpose balanced two-by-two toward that low transmission of voltage；It should
The benefit of scheme is active equalization, and control is simple, and single-stage balance module high conversion efficiency, and whole fever is relatively low, so
And its defect is also just because of be active equalization, always in active equalization work after triggering its work, the time is grown, entire electricity
The energy loss of pond group is larger, and series is more, and energy loss is larger, turns currently as the DC-DC converter of balance module
It changes efficiency and accomplishes 90%, be just relatively high, transmitted by 7 grades, efficiency less than 48%, ask by any of which grade converter
Topic, influences the overall situation, higher to system requirements.
Fig. 4 is passive type equalization scheme schematic diagram of the existing one of which based on DC-DC converter as balance module,
Each single battery in battery pack is connected from the input terminal of B1~Bn balance modules corresponding with one, balance module it is defeated
Outlet connects with the cathode U-phase of the positive U+ of battery pack and battery pack, and the work of corresponding balance module is controlled by microcontroller
Make, to extract energy on corresponding single battery, to reach each to reduce monomer both end voltage and be transmitted to entire battery pack
The purpose of monomer battery voltage equilibrium.Working method is as follows：Voltage sample is carried out to all single batteries, calculates average value, so
The maximum single battery of voltage deviation average value is checked afterwards, if than single battery Bn voltage subaverages, is closed by controlling
Balance module n is closed, it is made not work；If single battery B1 both end voltages are higher than average value, make its work by controlling balance module 1
Make, take the energy on B1 away and charge to entire battery pack, the both end voltage of single battery B1 can be thus reduced, to reach
To balanced purpose.
Fig. 5 is also that passive type equalization scheme of the existing one of which based on DC-DC converter as balance module is illustrated
Scheme, each single battery in battery pack is connected from the output end of B1~Bn balance module E1~En corresponding with one,
The input terminal of weighing apparatus module E1~En is connected with the Vin+ of same DC power supply and Vin-, is controlled by microcontroller corresponding equal
The work of weighing apparatus module E1~En to carry out boost charge for the single battery, and to increase monomer both end voltage, to reach battery equal
The purpose of weighing apparatus.Working method is as follows：Voltage sample is carried out to all single batteries, average value is calculated, then checks voltage deviation
The maximum single battery of average value is closed balance module En by control, is made if being higher than average value than single battery Bn voltages
It does not work, and such single battery Bn both end voltages will not increase；If at this moment single battery B1 both end voltages subaverage, lead to
Crossing control balance module E1 makes its work, individually organizes boost charge for single battery B1, can thus increase single battery B1
Both end voltage, to achieve the purpose that equilibrium.
Can freely be connected with the single battery of above-mentioned Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 schemes, control is simple, but its disadvantage it is also obvious that
It must be isolated DC-DC converter than balance module E1~En as mentioned, generally all carry isolating transformer, there are iron
Damage causes transfer efficiency relatively low, and isolating transformer production cost is higher, unfavorable in today that labor hour cost rises day by day
In reduction production cost, and there is a isolating transformer, entire module volume cannot accomplish smaller.
To sum up, i.e., the deficiency of the equalizing circuit of existing battery pack is mainly that transfer efficiency is low, or control is complicated or volume compared with
Greatly or cost it is higher or series connection when cannot freely connect.
Invention content
In view of this, the application will solve the deficiency present in the equalizing circuit of existing battery, provide it is a kind of it is small, at
This is low, equalization efficiency is high, can free concatenated equalization cascade structure, battery pack and its charging/discharging thereof using the structure.
Although equalization cascade structure in the prior art is non-isolated just like all equilibrium module application shown in Fig. 3
DC-DC converter also has all using the isolated DC-DC converter of all equilibrium module application as shown in Figure 4, but this
Non-isolated DC-DC converter and isolated DC-DC converter are not selected or are combined by the technical staff in field
And achieved the object of the present invention with control planning by specifically connecting, one of reason is thinking inertia, the technology of this field
Personnel are always partial to that the equalization problem of battery pack is solved perfectly using the balance module of a model；Second is that development cost,
Material platform and inventory cost problem solve the problems, such as to open in R ＆ D design and small lot application with the balance module of two models
Stepped cost higher instead is sent out, therefore causes those skilled in the art there are technology prejudice, to be unwilling toward this direction
Thinking.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention abandons above-mentioned technology prejudice, the total technical concept of the solution taken
For：Balance module in equalization cascade structure uses two class DC-DC converters, one type be have external controlling switch and
The non-isolated DC-DC converter of buck functionality, another is have external controlling switch and boost function non-isolated
DC-DC converter or the isolated DC-DC converter for having external controlling switch and buck functionality；In this equal of the present invention
In the structure that weighs, its whole equalization efficiency and system reliability higher compared with Fig. 3, its balance module is overall compared with Fig. 4 and Fig. 5
Product and production cost are lower.
First set equalization cascade structure provided by the present application and battery technology scheme with the structure are as follows：
A kind of equalization cascade structure includes A classes balance module and B class equilibrium models for the single battery charging in battery pack
Block, wherein A classes balance module are a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter having external controlling switch and boost function, and B classes are equal
The module that weighs is a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter having external controlling switch and buck functionality, A classes balance module and B classes
Balance module includes at least 4 ports, respectively voltage input end+Vin, public terminal GND, voltage output end+Vo and control
End Ctrl processed；Voltage input end+the Vin of A class balance modules, which can be connected in battery pack, removes the list nearest from battery anode
The anode of any single battery other than body battery, voltage output end+Vo can be connected in anode or the battery pack of battery pack
The anode of any single battery in addition to the single battery nearest from battery electrode；The voltage input end of B class balance modules+
Vin can be connected to battery pack anode or battery pack in any monomer in addition to the single battery nearest from battery electrode
The anode of battery, voltage output end+Vo can be connected in battery pack in addition to the single battery nearest from battery anode
The anode of any single battery；The control terminal Ctrl connections of two class balance modules are used for the control of input control balance module work
Signal.
Preferably, the connection relation of A classes balance module is：Voltage output end+Vo and the charged monomer of the balance module
The anode of battery is connected, and the cathode of single battery charged with the balance module voltage input end+Vin is connected, public terminal GND
It is connected with the cathode of battery pack；The connection relation of B class balance modules is：Voltage input end+Vin is connected with the anode of battery pack,
The anode of single battery charged with the balance module voltage output end+Vo is connected, and public terminal GND is filled with the balance module
The cathode of the single battery of electricity is connected.
The present invention also provides a kind of battery pack with above structure, the battery pack by single battery B1,
The total n single battery of B2.......Bn is connected in series, and n is the integer more than 1, and the anode of obtained battery pack is known as U+, cathode
Referred to as U-, battery pack not only can externally discharge, but also can be charged to battery pack with external power supply；Each single battery in battery pack
All accordingly there are one balance module E1, E2.......En to charge at work for its corresponding single battery, it is characterized in that：
Balance module E1 is A class balance modules, and balance module En is B class balance modules, and balance module E2~En-1 can be A classes and B
The arbitrary combination of class balance module.
Second set of equalization cascade structure provided by the present application and battery technology scheme with the structure are as follows：
A kind of equalization cascade structure includes C classes balance module and B class equilibrium models for the single battery charging in battery pack
Block, wherein C classes balance module are a kind of isolated DC-DC converter having external controlling switch and buck functionality, are at least wrapped
Containing 5 ports, respectively positive input terminal+Vin, negative input end-Vin, positive output end+Vo, negative output terminal-Vo and control terminal
Ctrl；B class balance modules are a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter having external controlling switch and buck functionality, are at least wrapped
Containing 4 ports, respectively voltage input end+Vin, public terminal GND, voltage output end+Vo and control terminal Ctrl；C classes are balanced
Positive input terminal+the Vin of module can be connected to the anode of the positive or any single battery of battery pack, and negative input end-Vin can be with
It is connected to the cathode of battery pack or the cathode of any single battery；Voltage input end+the Vin of B class balance modules can be connected to
The anode of the anode of battery pack or any single battery in addition to the single battery nearest from battery electrode, voltage output end
+ Vo can be connected to the anode of any single battery in addition to the single battery nearest from battery anode；Two class equilibrium models
The control terminal Ctrl connections of block are used for the control signal of input control balance module work.
Preferably, the connection relation of C classes balance module is：Positive input terminal+Vin is connected to the positive terminal of battery pack,
The negative terminals of negative input end-Vin connection battery packs, voltage output end+Vo and the charged single battery of the balance module
Anode be connected, the cathode of single battery charged with the balance module negative output terminal-Vo is connected；The company of B class balance modules
The relationship of connecing is：Positive input terminal+Vin is connected with the anode of battery pack, voltage output end+Vo and the charged monomer of the balance module
The anode of battery is connected, and the cathode of the public terminal GND single battery charged with the balance module is connected.
The present invention also provides a kind of battery pack with above structure, the battery pack by single battery B1,
The total n single battery of B2.......Bn is connected in series, and n is the integer more than 1, and the anode of obtained battery pack is known as U+, cathode
Referred to as U-, battery pack not only can externally discharge, but also can be charged to battery pack with external power supply；Each single battery in battery pack
All accordingly there are one balance module E1, E2.......En to charge at work for its corresponding single battery, it is characterized in that：
Balance module E1 is C class balance modules, and balance module En is B class balance modules, and balance module E2~En-1 can be C classes and B
The arbitrary combination of class balance module.
Preferably, the non-isolated DC-DC converter of the B class balance modules of the equalization cascade structure of above-mentioned two sets of plan is
Using the non-isolated DC-DC converter of synchronous rectification.
Preferably, the ends Ctrl of each balance module of the battery pack of above-mentioned two sets of plan individually connect a control letter
Number.
The present invention also provides a kind of charging/discharging thereofs of the battery pack of above-mentioned two sets of plan, it is characterised in that：Pass through outside
Controller carries out voltage sample to all single batteries in the battery pack, is filled to entire battery pack in external charge power supply
In electric process, when detecting that some monomer battery voltage is higher than the setting value upper limit, external charging power supply is cut off, is stopped to whole
A battery pack charging；In the external discharge process of entire battery pack, when detect some monomer battery voltage less than setting
When lower limiting value, entire battery pack stops externally electric discharge；In addition it charges to battery pack in external charge power supply or battery pack is external
Average value is calculated while electric discharge, is then checked voltage subaverage and the larger single battery of deviation average, is passed through control
Making the corresponding balance module of the single battery makes its start work, and the corresponding balance module of other single batteries does not work.
Preferably, the energy on one or more other single battery will be extracted when each balance module starts work
Amount is that one of single battery charges.
For the first sets of plan, it is preferable that when balance module E1 starts work, extract single battery C1 to Cn total n
The energy of single battery is single battery C1 chargings；When balance module En starts work, single battery B1 to Bn total n is extracted
The energy of single battery is single battery Bn chargings after decompression.
For the second sets of plan, it is preferable that when balance module E1 starts work, extract the total n-1 of single battery C2 to Cn
The energy of a single battery is single battery C1 chargings；When balance module En starts work, the total n of single battery B1 to Bn are extracted
The energy of a single battery is single battery Bn chargings after decompression.
The detailed operation principle of the present invention connected applications can be described in detail in embodiment, battery pack balancing grade of the invention
It is battery pack to be coupled structure to be used for or super capacitor group voltage balance control, advantage are：
(1) all balance modules are that non-isolated DC-DC converter or isolated and non-isolated DC-DC convert
Device is applied in combination, compared with a kind of isolation DC-DC converter of exclusive use is as balance module, in an equal amount of charge balancing
Under current conditions, uses or part uses non-isolated DC-DC converter can as the battery pack balancing cascade structure of balance module
To accomplish smaller balance module volume, lower balance module manufacturing cost；
(2) input terminal of balance module and output end can freely be designed according to actual conditions in battery pack, be realized most
Good transfer efficiency；
(3) control simple, each single battery can an equalization charging circuit in parallel, using simple；
(4) it is wherein by the energy extracted on one or more other single battery when each balance module work
One single battery charging, between one rise and one drop, balancing speed is fast；
(5) balance module uses the non-isolated DC-DC converter of synchronous rectification, and working efficiency is up to 88% or even more
Height, thermal losses are small.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing battery pack；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram for the battery pack that existing strip resistance consumes equalization charging circuit；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the existing battery pack using non-isolated balance module；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the existing battery pack using isolated balance module extracting energy equalization scheme；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the existing battery pack that balancing energy scheme is supplemented using isolated balance module；
Fig. 6 is first embodiment of the invention battery pack balancing cascade structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is second embodiment of the invention battery pack balancing cascade structure schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment one
As shown in fig. 6, a kind of battery pack balancing cascade structure, is used for the voltage balance control of battery pack, including extremely by B1
The B8 battery pack of totally 8 single batteries composition and balance module E1 to balance module E8 totally 8 balance modules, balance module E1 is extremely
The output end of balance module E8 is respectively correspondingly connected to the both ends of single battery C1 to C8；Super capacitor group further includes two and connects
Line end mouth：The positive U+ of the battery pack and cathode U- of battery pack；In single battery close to U+ one end be the single battery just
Pole, the other end are cathode；
Two distinct types of balance module, A have been arrived in use to balance module E1 to balance module E8 in totally 8 balance modules
Class balance module is a kind of DC-DC converter of the non-isolated boosting output based on BOOST circuit topologies, input voltage model
It encloses for 9V~36V, exports as constant current output；B class balance modules are the non-isolated reduced output voltages based on BUCK circuit topologies
DC-DC converter, input voltage range are 4.5V~36V, are exported as constant current output；In the present embodiment, balance module E1
For A class balance modules, balance module E2~balance module E8 is B class balance modules；
Its operation principle：
For example, in the battery pack of 8 batteries composition, in use, at the voltage of each section single battery
Between 3.0V~4.2V, the voltage representative value of each of which single battery is set as 4.0V, upper voltage limit value is 4.2V, voltage
Lower limiting value is 3.0V, then the voltage range of entire battery pack is between 24V~33.6V.
Voltage sample is carried out to all single batteries in the battery pack by peripheral control unit timing, presets an electricity
Voltage deviation value between each monomer of pond group,
In external charge power supply in entire battery pack charging process, being set when detecting that some monomer battery voltage is higher than
When fixed monomer battery voltage upper limit value (4.2V) or when battery pack both end voltage is more than 33.6V, external charging power supply is cut off,
Stop charging to entire super capacitor group；
In the external discharge process of entire battery pack, when detect some monomer battery voltage less than setting monomer electricity
When cell voltage lower limiting value (3.0V) or when battery pack both end voltage is less than 24V, then entire battery pack stops externally electric discharge；
In addition while external voltage charges to battery pack or battery pack is externally discharged, by peripheral control unit to institute
It states all single batteries in battery pack to carry out voltage sample and calculate average value, then checks voltage subaverage and deviation
The larger single battery of average value makes it start work by controlling the corresponding balance module of the battery, and other batteries are corresponding
Balance module works；Such as：To battery pack charging or in the external discharge process of battery pack, peripheral control unit is at a certain moment
The average voltage that t1 detected and calculated each battery cell in battery pack is 3.70V, and the preset voltage deviation value of controller is
0.10V, if single battery B1 both end voltages are 3.80V, a control signal is provided separately to balance module E1 in controller, makes
It does not work；If peripheral control unit detects that each monomer battery voltage of monomer B2 to B7 is all higher than 3.60V, peripheral control unit
Respectively balance module E2 to E7 provides a control signal, it is made not work；If peripheral control unit detects single battery B8
Both end voltage be less than 3.60V (subtracting preset voltage deviation value less than average voltage level) when, then peripheral control unit is equal
A control signal, which is provided separately, in weighing apparatus module E8 makes its start work, extracts energy of the B1~B8 on totally 8 single batteries, is B8
Individually charging, charging time are Δ t, and each monomer battery voltage average value that being charged to makes its voltage be increased to t1+ time Δts is
Only；
In this way, repeatedly timing detection voltage, calculate average value, to subaverage and deviate larger single battery and fill
Electricity is finally reached the purpose of entire battery voltage equilibrium.
Embodiment two
As shown in fig. 7, a kind of battery pack balancing cascade structure, is used for the voltage balance control of battery pack, including extremely by B1
The battery pack of totally 8 single batteries composition and balance module 1 are to totally 8 balance modules of balance module 8 by B8, and balance module 1 is to equal
The output end of weighing apparatus module 8 is connected respectively to one both ends in single battery C1 to C8；Super capacitor group further includes two and connects
Line end mouth：The positive U+ of the battery pack and cathode U- of battery pack；In single battery close to U+ one end be the single battery just
Pole, the other end are cathode；
Two distinct types of balance module, C have been arrived in use to balance module E1 to balance module E8 in totally 8 balance modules
Class balance module is a kind of DC-DC converter of the isolated reduced output voltage based on reverse excitation circuit topology, input voltage model
It encloses for 9V~36V, exports as constant current output；B class balance modules are the non-isolated reduced output voltages based on BUCK circuit topologies
DC-DC converter, input voltage range be 4.5V~36V, export as constant current output；In the present embodiment, balance module
E1 is C class balance modules, and balance module E2~balance module E8 is B class balance modules；
Its operation principle：As in the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
The implementation of the present invention is not limited to this, and the above according to the invention is known using the ordinary skill of this field
Knowledge and customary means, under the premise of not departing from above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the invention, the present invention can also make other a variety of shapes
Modification, replacement or the change of formula, such as balance module E1 and another or multiple balance modules selection A class balance modules,
Balance module En and remaining balance module select B class balance modules, or occur in the input and output connection type of balance module
Several variations, or the battery replacement of the application is replaced with capacitance group and all fall within rights protection model of the present invention for capacitance and battery pack
Within enclosing.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of equalization cascade structure includes A classes balance module and B class equilibrium models for the single battery charging in battery pack
Block, wherein the A class balance modules are a kind of non-isolated DC-DC transformation having external controlling switch and boost function
Device, the B class balance modules are a kind of non-isolated DC-DC converter having external controlling switch and buck functionality, institute
The A classes balance module and the B classes balance module stated include at least 4 ports, respectively voltage input end+Vin, public
Hold GND, voltage output end+Vo and control terminal Ctrl；Voltage input end+the Vin of the A class balance modules and the equilibrium model
The cathode of the charged single battery of block is connected, and the voltage output end+Vo of the A class balance modules is filled with the balance module
The anode of the single battery of electricity is connected, and the public terminal GND of the A class balance modules is connected with the cathode of the battery pack；
Voltage input end+the Vin of the B class balance modules is connected with the anode of the battery pack, the B class balance modules
The anode of single battery charged with the balance module voltage output end+Vo is connected, the common end of the B class balance modules
The cathode of single battery charged with the balance module GND is connected；Control terminal Ctrl connections described in two class balance modules are used
The control signal of balance module work described in input control.
2. a kind of battery pack with structure described in claim 1, the battery pack is by single battery B1, B2.......Bn
Total n single battery is connected in series, and n is the integer more than 1, and the anode of obtained battery pack is known as U+, cathode is known as U-, described
Battery pack not only can externally discharge, but also can be charged to the battery pack with external power supply；Each in the battery pack
All accordingly there are one balance module E1, E2.......En to charge at work for its corresponding single battery for single battery,
It is characterized in：The balance module E1 is the A class balance modules, and the balance module En is the B class equilibrium models
Block, the balance module E2~En-1 can be the arbitrary combinations of the A classes and the B class balance modules.
3. a kind of equalization cascade structure includes C classes balance module and B class equilibrium models for the single battery charging in battery pack
Block, wherein the C class balance modules are a kind of isolated DC-DC converter having external controlling switch and buck functionality,
Including at least 5 ports, respectively positive input terminal+Vin, negative input end-Vin, positive output end+Vo, negative output terminal-Vo and control
End Ctrl processed；The B class balance modules are a kind of non-isolated DC-DC transformation having external controlling switch and buck functionality
Device includes at least 4 ports, respectively voltage input end+Vin, public terminal GND, voltage output end+Vo and control terminal
Ctrl；Positive input terminal+the Vin of the C class balance modules is connected to the anode of the battery pack, the C class equilibrium models
The cathode of the negative input end-Vin connections of the block battery pack, the voltage output end+Vo of the C class balance modules are equal with this
The anode of the weighing apparatus charged single battery of module is connected, the negative output terminal-Vo of the C class balance modules and the balance module institute
The cathode of the single battery of charging is connected；Voltage input end+the Vin of the B class balance modules and the battery pack are just
Extremely it is connected, the positive phase of the voltage output end+Vo single batteries charged with the balance module of the B class balance modules
Even, the cathode of the public terminal GND single battery charged with the balance module of the B class balance modules is connected；Two classes are equal
Control signal of the control terminal Ctrl connections for the balance module work described in input control described in the module that weighs.
4. a kind of battery pack with structure described in claim 3, the battery pack is by single battery B1, B2.......Bn
Total n single battery is connected in series, and n is the integer more than 1, and the anode of obtained battery pack is known as U+, cathode is known as U-, described
Battery pack not only can externally discharge, but also can be charged to the battery pack with external power supply；Each in the battery pack
All accordingly there are one balance module E1, E2.......En to charge at work for its corresponding single battery for single battery,
It is characterized in：The balance module E1 is C class balance modules, and the balance module En is B class balance modules, the equilibrium
Module E2~En-1 can be the arbitrary combination of C classes and B class balance modules.
5. equalization cascade structure according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that：The B class balance modules it is non-isolated
Formula DC-DC converter is the non-isolated DC-DC converter using synchronous rectification.
6. battery pack according to claim 2 or 4, it is characterised in that：The ends Ctrl of each balance module individually connect
Connect a control signal.
7. the charging/discharging thereof of the battery pack described in a kind of claim 2 or 4, it is characterised in that：By peripheral control unit to institute
All single batteries in the battery pack stated carry out voltage sample, in external charge power supply in entire battery pack charging process,
When detecting that some monomer battery voltage is higher than the setting value upper limit, the external charging power supply is cut off, is stopped to described
Entire battery pack charging；In the external discharge process of entire battery pack, when detecting some monomer battery voltage
Less than setting lower limiting value when, the entire battery pack stop externally electric discharge；In addition in the external charging power supply to institute
The battery pack charging stated or the battery pack calculate average value while externally electric discharge, then check voltage less than described
Average value and deviate the larger single battery of the average value, so that it is opened by controlling the corresponding balance module of the single battery
It starts building to make, the corresponding balance module of other single batteries does not work.
8. a kind of charging/discharging thereof of the battery pack described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：By peripheral control unit to described
All single batteries in battery pack carry out voltage sample, in external charge power supply in entire battery pack charging process, working as inspection
When measuring some monomer battery voltage higher than the setting value upper limit, the external charging power supply is cut off, is stopped to described whole
A battery pack charging；In the external discharge process of entire battery pack, when detecting that some monomer battery voltage is less than
When the lower limiting value of setting, the entire battery pack stops externally electric discharge；In addition in the external charging power supply to described
Average value is calculated while battery pack charges or the battery pack is externally discharged, then checks that voltage is averaged less than described
It is worth and deviates the larger single battery of the average value, so that its is started work by controlling the corresponding balance module of the single battery
Make, the corresponding balance module of other single batteries does not work.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610055969.8A CN105515121B (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | A kind of equalization cascade structure, battery pack and its charging/discharging thereof with the structure |
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| CN201610055969.8A CN105515121B (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | A kind of equalization cascade structure, battery pack and its charging/discharging thereof with the structure |
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| CN105515121B true CN105515121B (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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| CN106199298A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南耐普恩科技有限公司 | A kind of ultracapacitor module test technology |
| CN112968485B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2023-10-03 | 苏州清陶新能源科技有限公司 | UPS lithium battery float charge control circuit, lithium battery system and UPS lithium battery charge control method |
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| US7782013B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2010-08-24 | Chun-Chieh Chang | Rechargeable battery assembly and method for recharging same |
| CN102280912B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2015-02-25 | 深圳市金威源科技股份有限公司 | Equalization circuit of charge and discharge circuit of battery pack |
| CN203119557U (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-08-07 | 山东鲁能智能技术有限公司 | Battery pack active balancing device based on cascading structure |
| CN205544390U (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-08-31 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Balanced cascade structure and group battery that has this structure |
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