CN105515013A - Reactive compensation device achieving voltage regulation through combined transformers - Google Patents
Reactive compensation device achieving voltage regulation through combined transformers Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
Provided is a reactive compensation device achieving voltage regulation through combined transformers. The reactive compensation device comprises a multi-tap transformer (1), a voltage reducing unit (2), a voltage regulating unit (3), a dual winding transformer (4), a first detecting unit (5), a second detecting unit (6), a third detecting unit (7), a switch unit (8), an intelligent unit (9), a capacitor switching unit (10) and a capacitor unit (11); the intelligent unit (9) comprises a microcontroller circuit, a signal conditioning circuit and drive circuits of bidirectional thyristors. The first detecting unit (5) comprises a nolinear assembly (21), a compensating element (22), a voltage sampling element (23) and a signal processing unit (24). The intelligent unit determines the size of a reactive component needing to be compensated according to the size of a loaded inductive reactive component, the needed capacitor capacity and the voltage applied on a capacitor are calculated automatically, two transformers are combined to regulate the voltage, the transformers are combined with the capacitor unit, and therefore rapid reactive compensation is conducted on a load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of capacitive reactive compensation device, the reactive power compensator of particularly a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation, belongs to technical field of electricity.
Background technology
Reactive power is used to the magnetic field of generation required for power consumption equipment mostly, the particularly inductive such as motor, transformer equipment.Although reactive power does not consume electric energy, it will produce reactive current in circuit, and reactive current can increase the burden of electric wiring and potential device equally, reduces the utilance of electric wiring and potential device, increases the caloric value of electric wiring.But, if there is no it, power consumption equipment (particularly the inductive such as motor, transformer equipment) cisco unity malfunction again.Normally electricity container produces the electric current contrary with inductive current direction and offsets inductive current.Like this, neither affect the inductive such as motor, transformer equipment and produce magnetic field, can eliminate or reduce again the inductive current on circuit.As long as the inductive component of the electric capacity quantity accessed on the line and load matches, the capacitance current produced just effectively can be eliminated or reduce the inductive current on circuit, namely eliminate or reduce the reactive power that load is drawn to electrical network, thus reduce the burden of electric wiring and potential device, improve the utilance of electric wiring and potential device, reduce the caloric value of electric wiring.
The reactive power of a lot of electric equipment is larger, needs to carry out reactive power compensation to it, can improve the power factor of system, improve power quality after compensation.But be to mend less to the compensation principle of reactive power compensation, it is excessive to compensate.
Current reactive power compensator, have power electronics formula, and also have capacitance compensation, the reactive power compensator complex structure of high-frequency power electronic formula, reliability is lower, and capacity can not do very large.Electricity container group compensates, because fixed value normally made by power capacitor, access capacitor with switching device, normally add contactless with mechanical contact or mechanical contact, response speed is comparatively slow, not ideal enough to some idle change reactive power compensation effect faster.
Thyristor has advantage in the application of high-voltage large current, but it bears the poor ability of overvoltage, overcurrent, and the thermal capacity of thyristor is very little, once generation overcurrent, temperature sharply rises, PN junction may be burnt out, cause element internal short circuit or open circuit.Thyristor belongs to half control type device, the conducting of its gate signal energy control element, can not control it and turn off, although the gate signal of GTO can the conducting of control device, can control again it and turn off, but its control circuit is complicated, can reduce the reliability of system equally.For common thyristor, after triggering and conducting, naturally turning off when by the time must flow through the current over-zero of thyristor, therefore, in order to effectively control thyristor, just must measure the electric current flowing through thyristor accurately.Only have and non-linear sampling is carried out to the electric current by transformer associated winding, both resolution during instantaneous small area analysis signal had been improved, voltage drop again during guarantee big current signal on sampling element is lower, and guarantee system in the current range of broadness possesses excellent performance.But be substantially all shunt resistance, current transformer or Hall element to the element of current sampling at present, be linearly sample electric current mostly, when small-signal, resolution is low, is difficult to the needs meeting some special applications.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the reactive power compensator proposing a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation, use 2 transformer combination pressure regulation, and combine with capacitor cell, by the tap of the many tapped transformers of No-contact switch and the capacitor of switching different capabilities, the quick compensation to reactive power can be accomplished.
The present invention is achieved in that the reactive power compensator of a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation, it is characterized in that, comprising: many tapped transformers [1], pressure unit [2], pressure regulation unit [3], two winding transformer [4], the 1st detecting unit [5], the 2nd detecting unit [6], the 3rd detecting unit [7], switch element [8], intelligent cell [9], capacitor switching unit [10], capacitor cell [11];
Many tapped transformers [1] and switch element [8] form and are electrically connected, and form electromagnetic coupled with pressure unit [2];
1st detecting unit [5] and two winding transformer [4], switch element [8], intelligent cell [9] form and are electrically connected;
Pressure regulation unit [3] and two winding transformer [4] form electromagnetic coupled, form be electrically connected with pressure unit [2], the 2nd detecting unit [6];
Capacitor switching unit [10] and the 2nd detecting unit [6], capacitor cell [11] form and are electrically connected;
Intelligent cell [9] and the 1st detecting unit [5], the 2nd detecting unit [6], the 3rd detecting unit [7], switch element [8] form and are electrically connected;
3rd detecting unit [7] is with intelligent cell [9] and power supply inputs, power supply exports to form and is electrically connected.
The secondary winding W6(of described many tapped transformers T1 and pressure unit [2]) be connected in series with the secondary winding (i.e. pressure regulation unit [3]) of two winding transformer T2, form with the 2nd detecting unit [6] (i.e. CY2) and be electrically connected;
The Same Name of Ends of the secondary winding W6 of many tapped transformers T1 is connected with the Same Name of Ends of armature winding W1, and winding W6 connects the output voltage after accessing power supply lower than power input voltage Ui, and under this kind of connected mode, winding W1 is pressure unit [2].
Described switch element [8] is made up of many bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S8 and fast acting fuse F1 ~ F8, and every bidirectional thyristor is connected 1 fast acting fuse;
The first anode of bidirectional thyristor S1, S2, S7, S8 links together, and forms be electrically connected with the armature winding of the 1st detecting unit CY1 [5] and transformer T2; The second plate of bidirectional thyristor S1, S2, S7, S8 is connected to W1 winding two ends and the W5 winding two ends of many tapped transformers T1 respectively through fast acting fuse F1, F2, F7, F8;
The first anode of bidirectional thyristor S3, S4, S5, S6 links together, and forms be electrically connected with the armature winding of the 1st detecting unit CY1 [5] and transformer T2; The second plate of bidirectional thyristor S3, S4, S5, S6 is connected to 4 centre taps of many tapped transformers T1 respectively through fast acting fuse F3, F4, F5, F6;
The control pole of bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S8 and intelligent cell ZN1 [9] form and are electrically connected, and the triggering signal of S1 ~ S8 controls by intelligent cell ZN1 [9].
Described capacitor switching unit [10] is containing many bidirectional thyristor S9 ~ S12 and fast acting fuse F9 ~ F12, and the first anode of each bidirectional thyristor links together, and forms be electrically connected with the 2nd detecting unit [6]; The second plate of each bidirectional thyristor is respectively connected 1 fast acting fuse, is then connected with the capacitor of different capabilities in capacitor cell [11] respectively;
The control pole of bidirectional thyristor S9 ~ S12 and intelligent cell ZN1 [9] form and are electrically connected, and the triggering signal of S9 ~ S12 controls by intelligent cell ZN1 [9].
Described capacitor cell [11], containing multiple unit capacitor, is connected to the fast acting fuse of the corresponding bidirectional thyristor branch road of capacitor switching unit [10] respectively; Each bidirectional thyristor branch road correspondence connects 1 group capacitor, and the capacity of each group capacitor is by binary rule configuration.
Described intelligent cell [9] comprises the drive circuit of microcontroller circuit, signal conditioning circuit and bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S12.
The 1st described detecting unit [5] comprises non-linear component [21], compensating element, [22], voltage sampling element [23], signal processing unit [24];
Signal processing unit [24] and non-linear component [21], compensating element, [22], voltage sampling element [23], intelligent cell [9] form and are electrically connected;
Non-linear component [21] and compensating element, [22] are connected in parallel, and form with signal processing unit [24] and be electrically connected, for signal processing unit [24] provides the input current detection signal at zero point of two winding transformer T2;
Voltage sampling element [23] and signal processing unit [24] form and are electrically connected, for signal processing unit [24] provide two winding transformer T2 input voltage size and zero point detection signal.
Non-linear component [21] in the 1st described detecting unit [5] comprises resistance R21, R22 and NPN type pliotron V21, V22;
The base stage of triode V21 is connected with the collector electrode of triode V21 and the emitter of triode V22 through resistance R21; The base stage of triode V22 is connected with the collector electrode of triode V22 and the emitter of triode V21 through resistance R22; Be connected in parallel as the resistance R23 of compensating element, [22] and non-linear component [21], and form with signal processing unit [24] and be electrically connected.
Operation principle is: intelligent cell [9], by detecting the perceptual idle component of load, calculates the idle component needing to compensate, square being directly proportional of reactive capability and condenser voltage due to capacitor:
Q＝2πfCU
2
In formula, Q is the reactive power of capacitor, and f is the frequency of power supply, and C is the capacity of capacitor, and U is the operating voltage of capacitor.
Therefore can according to the size of the perceptual idle component of load, be determined the idle component size needing to compensate by intelligent cell, and the voltage automatically calculating required capacitance and add on the capacitor, multistage, reactive power compensation is fast carried out to load.
Advantage of the present invention and effect can carry out reactive power compensation fast to load, and structure is simple, and the life-span is long, and cost is lower.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is functional-block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the functional-block diagram of the present invention the 1st detecting unit.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of the 1st detecting unit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Please refer to Fig. 1, a reactive power compensator for transformer combination pressure regulation, comprising: many tapped transformers [1], pressure unit [2], pressure regulation unit [3], two winding transformer [4], the 1st detecting unit [5], the 2nd detecting unit [6], the 3rd detecting unit [7], switch element [8], intelligent cell [9], capacitor switching unit [10], capacitor cell [11]; Many tapped transformers [1] and switch element [8] form and are electrically connected, and form electromagnetic coupled with pressure unit [2]; 1st detecting unit [5] and two winding transformer [4], switch element [8], intelligent cell [9] form and are electrically connected; Pressure regulation unit [3] and two winding transformer [4] form electromagnetic coupled, form be electrically connected with pressure unit [2], the 2nd detecting unit [6]; Capacitor switching unit [10] and the 2nd detecting unit [6], capacitor cell [11] form and are electrically connected; Intelligent cell [9] and the 1st detecting unit [5], the 2nd detecting unit [6], the 3rd detecting unit [7], switch element [8] form and are electrically connected; 3rd detecting unit [7] is with intelligent cell [9] and power supply inputs, power supply exports to form and is electrically connected.
Please further referring to Fig. 2, the secondary winding W6(of many tapped transformers T1 and pressure unit [2]) be connected in series with the secondary winding (i.e. pressure regulation unit [3]) of two winding transformer T2, form with the 2nd detecting unit [6] (i.e. CY2) and be electrically connected; The Same Name of Ends of the secondary winding W6 of many tapped transformers T1 is connected with the Same Name of Ends of armature winding W1, and winding W6 connects the output voltage after accessing power supply lower than power input voltage Ui, and under this kind of connected mode, winding W1 is pressure unit [2].
Switch element [8] is made up of many bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S8 and fast acting fuse F1 ~ F8, and every bidirectional thyristor is connected 1 fast acting fuse; The first anode of bidirectional thyristor S1, S2, S7, S8 links together, and forms be electrically connected with the armature winding of the 1st detecting unit CY1 [5] and transformer T2; The second plate of bidirectional thyristor S1, S2, S7, S8 is connected to W1 winding two ends and the W5 winding two ends of many tapped transformers T1 respectively through fast acting fuse F1, F2, F7, F8; The first anode of bidirectional thyristor S3, S4, S5, S6 links together, and forms be electrically connected with the armature winding of the 1st detecting unit CY1 [5] and transformer T2; The second plate of bidirectional thyristor S3, S4, S5, S6 is connected to 4 centre taps of many tapped transformers T1 respectively through fast acting fuse F3, F4, F5, F6; The control pole of bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S8 and intelligent cell ZN1 [9] form and are electrically connected, and the triggering signal of S1 ~ S8 controls by intelligent cell ZN1 [9].
Capacitor switching unit [10] is containing many bidirectional thyristor S9 ~ S12 and fast acting fuse F9 ~ F12, and the first anode of each bidirectional thyristor links together, and forms be electrically connected with the 2nd detecting unit [6]; The second plate of each bidirectional thyristor is respectively connected 1 fast acting fuse, is then connected with the capacitor of different capabilities in capacitor cell [11] respectively; The control pole of bidirectional thyristor S9 ~ S12 and intelligent cell ZN1 [9] form and are electrically connected, and the triggering signal of S9 ~ S12 controls by intelligent cell ZN1 [9].
Capacitor cell [11], containing multiple unit capacitor, is connected to the fast acting fuse of the corresponding bidirectional thyristor branch road of capacitor switching unit [10] respectively; Each bidirectional thyristor branch road correspondence connects 1 group capacitor, and the capacity of each group capacitor is by binary rule configuration.
Intelligent cell [9] comprises the drive circuit of microcontroller circuit, signal conditioning circuit and bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S12.
Please further referring to Fig. 3, the 1st described detecting unit [5] comprises non-linear component [21], compensating element, [22], voltage sampling element [23], signal processing unit [24]; Signal processing unit [24] and non-linear component [21], compensating element, [22], voltage sampling element [23], intelligent cell [9] form and are electrically connected; Non-linear component [21] and compensating element, [22] are connected in parallel, and form with signal processing unit [24] and be electrically connected, for signal processing unit [24] provides the input current detection signal at zero point of two winding transformer T2; Voltage sampling element [23] and signal processing unit [24] form and are electrically connected, for signal processing unit [24] provide two winding transformer T2 input voltage size and zero point detection signal.
Please further referring to Fig. 4, non-linear component [21] comprises resistance R21, R22 and NPN type pliotron V21, V22; The base stage of triode V21 is connected with the collector electrode of triode V21 and the emitter of triode V22 through resistance R21; The base stage of triode V22 is connected with the collector electrode of triode V22 and the emitter of triode V21 through resistance R22; Resistance R21 and R22 is little valued resistor, thus NPN type pliotron V21 and V22 is operated in the amplification region near saturation region, this connected mode can improve resolution during instantaneous small area analysis signal, effectively can reduce again the voltage drop of alternating current positive and negative half-wave big current signal on triode V21 and V22, effectively reduce the power loss of sampling assemble during big current.
Compensating element, [22] is served as by linear resistance R23, is connected in parallel with non-linear component [21], for compensating linearity during small area analysis signal, and forms with signal processing unit [24] and is electrically connected;
Voltage sampling element [23] is served as by transformer T21, for carrying out isolating to the input voltage of two winding transformer T2 and sampling, forms be electrically connected with signal processing unit [24].
The operation principle of this device is: intelligent cell ZN1 [9] detects the voltage of load Z, the amplitude of electric current and phase place by the 3rd detecting unit CY3 [7], calculate the idle component of perceptual idle component and needs compensation, determine the idle component size needing to compensate, and then calculate the required capacitance compensated and the voltage added on the capacitor, then provide control signal: control 1 or several bidirectional thyristor conducting in bidirectional thyristor S9-S12 on the one hand, select the condenser capacity needing access; Control 2 bidirectional thyristor conductings in bidirectional thyristor S1-S8 on the other hand, select to connect the corresponding transformer tapping of many tapped transformers T1, the voltage of many tapped transformers primary part winding is added in the input of two winding transformer T2, the secondary winding of many tapped transformers T1 and two winding transformer T2 is connected in power supply phase line, wherein the secondary winding of many tapped transformers T1 plays a part to reduce input supply voltage, the secondary winding of two winding transformer T2 can positive and negative regulation voltage, thus the adjustable voltage outputted on capacitor cell [11].By switch element [8], selection gear is combined to many tapped transformers T1, make adjustable voltage gear (or level) number reach 15 grades; By the capacity of 4 group capacitors by binary rule configuration, capacitance change can reach 16 grades (or levels), and thus compensable reactive capability can reach 15 × 16=240 level altogether.Because the responsiveness of thyristor is very fast, thus this device can carry out multistage, reactive power compensation fast to load.
Claims (7)
1. the reactive power compensator of a transformer combination pressure regulation, it is characterized in that, comprising: many tapped transformers [1], pressure unit [2], pressure regulation unit [3], two winding transformer [4], the 1st detecting unit [5], the 2nd detecting unit [6], the 3rd detecting unit [7], switch element [8], intelligent cell [9], capacitor switching unit [10], capacitor cell [11];
Many tapped transformers [1] and switch element [8] form and are electrically connected, and form electromagnetic coupled with pressure unit [2];
1st detecting unit [5] and two winding transformer [4], switch element [8], intelligent cell [9] form and are electrically connected;
Pressure regulation unit [3] and two winding transformer [4] form electromagnetic coupled, form be electrically connected with pressure unit [2], the 2nd detecting unit [6];
Capacitor switching unit [10] and the 2nd detecting unit [6], capacitor cell [11] form and are electrically connected;
Intelligent cell [9] and the 1st detecting unit [5], the 2nd detecting unit [6], the 3rd detecting unit [7], switch element [8] form and are electrically connected;
3rd detecting unit [7] is with intelligent cell [9] and power supply inputs, power supply exports to form and is electrically connected.
2. the reactive power compensator of a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the secondary winding W6(of described many tapped transformers T1 and pressure unit [2]) be connected in series with the secondary winding (i.e. pressure regulation unit [3]) of two winding transformer T2, form with the 2nd detecting unit [6] (i.e. CY2) and be electrically connected;
The Same Name of Ends of the secondary winding W6 of many tapped transformers T1 is connected with the Same Name of Ends of armature winding W1, and winding W6 connects the output voltage after accessing power supply lower than power input voltage Ui, and under this kind of connected mode, winding W1 is pressure unit [2].
3. the reactive power compensator of a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switch element [8] is made up of many bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S8 and fast acting fuse F1 ~ F8, and every bidirectional thyristor is connected 1 fast acting fuse;
The first anode of bidirectional thyristor S1, S2, S7, S8 links together, and forms be electrically connected with the armature winding of the 1st detecting unit CY1 [5] and transformer T2; The second plate of bidirectional thyristor S1, S2, S7, S8 is connected to W1 winding two ends and the W5 winding two ends of many tapped transformers T1 respectively through fast acting fuse F1, F2, F7, F8;
The first anode of bidirectional thyristor S3, S4, S5, S6 links together, and forms be electrically connected with the armature winding of the 1st detecting unit CY1 [5] and transformer T2; The second plate of bidirectional thyristor S3, S4, S5, S6 is connected to 4 centre taps of many tapped transformers T1 respectively through fast acting fuse F3, F4, F5, F6;
The control pole of bidirectional thyristor S1 ~ S8 and intelligent cell ZN1 [9] form and are electrically connected, and the triggering signal of S1 ~ S8 controls by intelligent cell ZN1 [9].
4. the reactive power compensator of a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described capacitor switching unit [10] is containing many bidirectional thyristor S9 ~ S12 and fast acting fuse F9 ~ F12, the first anode of each bidirectional thyristor links together, and forms be electrically connected with the 2nd detecting unit [6]; The second plate of each bidirectional thyristor is respectively connected 1 fast acting fuse, is then connected with the capacitor of different capabilities in capacitor cell [11] respectively;
The control pole of bidirectional thyristor S9 ~ S12 and intelligent cell ZN1 [9] form and are electrically connected, and the triggering signal of S9 ~ S12 controls by intelligent cell ZN1 [9].
5. the reactive power compensator of a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described capacitor cell [11], containing multiple unit capacitor, is connected to the fast acting fuse of the corresponding bidirectional thyristor branch road of capacitor switching unit [10] respectively; Each bidirectional thyristor branch road correspondence connects 1 group capacitor, and the capacity of each group capacitor is by binary rule configuration.
6. the reactive power compensator of a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the 1st described detecting unit [5] comprises non-linear component [21], compensating element, [22], voltage sampling element [23], signal processing unit [24];
Signal processing unit [24] and non-linear component [21], compensating element, [22], voltage sampling element [23], intelligent cell [9] form and are electrically connected;
Non-linear component [21] and compensating element, [22] are connected in parallel, and form with signal processing unit [24] and be electrically connected, for signal processing unit [24] provides the input current detection signal at zero point of two winding transformer T2;
Voltage sampling element [23] and signal processing unit [24] form and are electrically connected, for signal processing unit [24] provide two winding transformer T2 input voltage size and zero point detection signal.
7. the reactive power compensator of a kind of transformer combination pressure regulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the non-linear component [21] in the 1st described detecting unit [5] comprises resistance R21, R22 and NPN type pliotron V21, V22;
The base stage of triode V21 is connected with the collector electrode of triode V21 and the emitter of triode V22 through resistance R21; The base stage of triode V22 is connected with the collector electrode of triode V22 and the emitter of triode V21 through resistance R22; Be connected in parallel as the resistance R23 of compensating element, [22] and non-linear component [21], and form with signal processing unit [24] and be electrically connected.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106849101A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of step voltage regulator |
| CN106849101B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2023-08-18 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Hierarchical voltage regulator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105515013B (en) | 2018-03-23 |
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