The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of good and cheap, pile rotten effect bacterial classification preferably, and develop a kind of microniological proudcts, its volume is little, bacteria containing amount is high, is convenient to transportation and carries short quick rotting agent of rotten time of heap.
Content of the present invention is:
A kind of microorganism is characterized in that " 301 " bacterial classification is thermophilic sporotrichum (Sporotrichum Thermophile), is preserved in CGMCC, preserving number 0186 on December 22nd, 1992.
The source and the microbiological property of " 301 " bacterial classification:
" 301 " bacterial classification is the extremely strong mould of a kind of saprophytic property, is to use Co
60Gamma-rays 10 Wan Gerui shine thermophilic sporotrichum (Sporotrichum Thermophile), form through the separation and Culture seed selection, name to be " 301 " bacterial classification.Position in the classification of biology system is: a new bacterial strain in the Mycophyta deuteromycetes Moniliales Moniliaceae Sporotrichum thermophilic sporotrichum strain." 301 " bacterial classification bacterium colony on nutrient agar often is flannelette blanket shape, flocculence or particulate state, and color is a white or light yellow.Mycelia is than former female slightly weak point of planting, and width is 3~10 μ m, and a lot of branches are arranged, and in a tubular form, every joint is a cell.In the mycelia clump, generative hyphae is arranged, above living sporophore estranged, the stalk on the many conidiums of adnation, come in every shape.The spore of " 301 " bacterial classification is tawny, but slightly more shallow than original seed.Conidium is not of uniform size, is generally 2.8 * 4.0 μ m, but a small amount of megaspore is arranged, and is generally 5.0 * 8.0 μ m, and indivedual megaspores are 5.0 * 10 μ m.But do not find the sexual process of " 301 " bacterial classification at present as yet.It can also can be bred with conidium with the mycelia breeding, can breed a generation in general 24 hours." 301 " bacterial classification is a kind of high temperature modification bacterial classification, but adaptability is very strong, 30 ℃ of minimum requirements, and optimal temperature is 43~45 ℃, is up to 60~75 ℃, but also can be all not dead in the time of subzero 20 ℃.The moisture-proof power of mycelia is stronger, requires moisture content in medium 65~75%, and it is a kind of good gas fungi, and oxygen requirement is big, the normal CO of mycelia
2Content is 0.03%, and vegetative stage does not need illumination, is suitable for neutrality to the slight alkalinity environment in cultivation, and the pH value is 6.7~6.9, and optimum carbon nitrogen ratio is 30~40: 1.Can preservation in freezing or dry environment.
A kind of microbial product quick rotting agent, it is characterized in that based on " 301 " bacterial classification, add that 7 kinds of high-effective microorganisms are amylomyces, thermophilic actinomycete, organophosphorus bacterium, inorganic phosphorus bacteria, vinelandii, potassium bacterium and yeast, 5 kinds of growth regulators are iron protochloride, trimagnesium phosphate, saltpetre, cyanamid and Sodium Metabisulphate 65.
The prescription of quick rotting agent is (weight percent):
(1) " 301 " bacterial classification 50~55%
(2) amylomyces 4~7%
(3) thermophilic actinomycete 20~30%
(4) the organophosphorus bacterium 5~7%
(5) inorganic phosphorus bacteria 5~7%
(6) vinelandii 1~5%
(7) the potassium bacterium 5~7%
(8) yeast 4~6%
(9) 5 kinds of growth regulators 0.01%
The content ratio of various conditioning agents inside is in 5 kinds of growth regulators of quick rotting agent: (weight ratio)
Iron protochloride 69%
Trimagnesium phosphate 8.5%
Saltpetre 3.5%
Cyanamid 16%
Sodium Metabisulphate 65 3%
A kind of manufacture method of quick rotting agent comprises spawn culture and compost,
(1) technological process of " 301 " bacterial classification production:
" 301 " spawn culture three phases, existing division is as follows:
(1) first class inoculum (the female kind) is cultivated: first class inoculum expands numerous by the most original inclined-plane first class inoculum, a slant strains can expand and connects 30~40 first class inoculums, and substratum is PDA or wort, and pH value is 6.7~6.9, culture temperature is 43~45 ℃, and incubation time is 72~96 hours.
(2) second class inoculum is cultivated: first class inoculum is inoculated on the wheat substratum, the making method of wheat substratum is: take by weighing wheat 5kg earlier, in clear water, soaked 12 hours, putting into boiling water again boiled 30 minutes, waterloging out drains, and dries in the air in the ventilation to anhydrous, adds lime carbonate 15g again, gypsum 60g, wheat mixed thoroughly get final product wheat Cans packing, pH value 6.7~6.9, an one-level kind can connect two bottles, culture temperature is 43~45 ℃, and incubation time 6~8 days is in order to enlarge second class inoculum rapidly, available second class inoculum expands once numerous, and general one bottle of expansion connects 20 bottles.
(3) three-class strain is cultivated: produce for three grades of " 301 " bacterial classification and plant, be called for short " 301 " microbial inoculum, system makes carrier with cotton seed hulls before nineteen ninety-five, system makes carrier with dregs of beans or cotton dregs at present, big because of producing expense, generally all without autoclaving, can carry out on sterile concrete floor, operation steps is as follows:
A, take by weighing cotton dregs (or dregs of beans) 88kg, Semen Maydis powder 5kg, wheat bran 5kg, brown sugar 1kg, milk powder 1kg, 10 bottles in original seed, water 50kg.
B, earlier that brown sugar and milk powder is soluble in water, then this solution is added in cotton dregs Semen Maydis powder and the wheat bran, the limit adds the waterside and stirs, till 50kg water adds, material is mixed, divided three layers of composting, 60 centimetres of total thickness, on one, two layer, respectively spread 2 bottles in original seed, floating on the 3rd layer of top with spade, spread 6 bottles in original seed, and bacterial classification is pressed in the material with plank or spade, stamp some ventilation holes, cover straw screen or mat and preserve moisture, be incubated, through fermentation in 4~5 days, white hypha was covered with charge level, have sweet, sour, fragrance to get final product, through dried and crushed " 301 " microbial inoculum.
(2) source of amylomyces and biological characteristics thereof:
The source of amylomyces is identical with " 301 " bacterial classification, and it is the difference choosing system after the radiation, and formalness and " 301 " bacterial classification are approximate, on nutrient agar, be the flannelette blanket shape, color is a yellow-white, and mycelia is shorter than " 301 " bacterial classification, with " 301 " bacterial classification have 3 different: (1) does not have megaspore; (2) in 1~3 grade of cultivation, fragrant and sweet flavor is arranged; (3) mycelial growth is than a little less than " 301 " microbial inoculum.Amylomyces can be secreted saccharifying enzyme, with the further hydrolysis of polysaccharide, for microbial nutrition.The operation steps that the amylomyces three-class strain is produced is as follows:
(1) takes by weighing cotton dregs (or dregs of beans) 88kg, Semen Maydis powder 5kg, wheat bran 5kg, brown sugar 1kg, milk powder 1kg, 10 bottles in original seed, water 50kg.
(2) earlier brown sugar and milk powder are dissolved with less water, add cotton dregs, Semen Maydis powder and wheat bran again, water is filled up 5 0kg, in the basin alms bowl or at the clean water mire, pile up then, on one, two layer, respectively spread 2 bottles in original seed, cover the 3rd layer after, floating with spade, on heap, spread 6 bottles of original seeds then, and bacterial classification is pressed in the material with plank or spade, stamp some ventilation holes, cover straw screen or mat, through fermentation in 5~7 days, white hypha was covered with charge level, have fragrant and sweet flavor to get final product, through dried and crushed the saccharification microbial inoculum.
(3) substratum of thermophilic actinomycete:
(1) first class inoculum substratum:
Cottonseed cake powder 15 gram potassium primary phosphates 0.2 gram water 1000ml
Glucose 20 gram sodium-chlor 4 gram peptones 5 grams
Lime carbonate 10 gram sulfate of ammoniacs 2.5 gram agar 20 grams
The pH value is 72~7.4
(2) second class inoculum substratum:
Cottonseed cake powder 85kg brown sugar 1kg wheat bran 5kg
Calcium superphosphate 4kg Semen Maydis powder 5kg water 50kg
(3) three-class strain substratum:
Wheat bran 1000kg original seed 50kg brown sugar 20kg Guizhou calcium magnesium phosphorus 40kg water 200~240kg
(4) vinelandii (Ashby) substratum:
KH
2PO
4 0.2g CaCO
3?5g MgSO
4·7H
2O 0.2g
C
6H
12O
6?10g NaCl 0.2g CaSO
4·2H
2O 0.1g
H
2O 1000ml agar 18~20 grams
PH value 7.0
(5) organophosphorus bacteria culture medium:
C
6H
12O
6?10g MnSO
4·4H
2O 0.03g (NH
4)
2SO
4?0.5g
NaCl 0.3g MgSO
4·7H
2O 0.3g CaCO
3 5g
KCl 0.3g FeSO
47H
2O 0.03g Yelkin TTS 0.2g
H
2O 1000ml agar 18~20 grams
PH value 7~7.5
(6) inorganic phosphorus bacteria substratum:
C
6H
12O
6 10g MnSO
4·4H
2O 0.03g NaCl 0.3g
(NH
4)
2SO
4?0.5g MgSO
4.7H
2O 0.3g Ca
3(PO
4)
2 5g
H
2O 1000ml FeSO
47H
2O 0.03g agar 18~20 grams
pH 7.0~7.5
(7) potassium bacteria culture medium:
Potato 200g C
6H
12O
620g MgSO
47H
2O 0.3g
NaCl 0.3g KCl 0.3g CaCO
3 5g
H
2O 1000ml agar 18~20 grams
pH 7.0~7.5
(8) microzyme culture medium (summary)
More than five bacterial classifications oneself 1~3 grade of substratum is all arranged, must deposit by strict Dan Fandan, avoid mutual pollution.Different ratios adds in certain sequence when synthetic.The chemical additive consumption too much influences microbial survival, and the very few regulating effect that do not have of consumption must stir gently with spade when preparation, must not thump, and more can not beat with waddy, in order to avoid set off an explosion.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) contain that bacterium is many, volume is little, heap is rotten fast;
(2) compost nutriment in a fertilizer height, conventional compost organic matter is 15~25%; Be 35~59 only with single " 301 " microbial inoculum compost organic matter; With quick rotting agent compost organic matter 45~60%.Also containing 8~10% nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element in organic matter, though their content stable in properties less can all be absorbed by crop, is about ten times of the fat branch of generalization; High-effective microorganism in the quick rotting agent can both constantly be bred in compost or after being manured into soil, and the nitrogen in the energy fixed air can be converted into the utilizable phosphorus of crop to insoluble phosphorus in the soil, improves the plain nutrition of crop phosphorus.
(3) also contain in the quick rotting agent and stimulate the growth hormone of plant growth material, make that crop yield is huge to be increased, quality improving, we test on 18 planting fruit-trees, vegetable crop and have obtained peculiar effect in the recent period, and single-dose application is sustainable effectively.
(4) soil-borne disease can be killed or suppress to the eight-in-one quick rotting agent, as root rotof flax, banded sclerotial blight, canker of apple fruit, the late blight of potato, bacterial wilt of ginger, watermelon continuous cropping disease, asparagus stem wilt etc.
(5) can decompose soil alkaline and decomposition agricultural-food residual hazard,, reach the national feeding standard of 400ppm/kg basically as the cotton dregs residual hazard is reduced to 351ppm/kg by 1500ppm/kg.
(6) with " 301 " microbial inoculum compost, once can pile 1000~2000 kilograms of stalks, need with the grave heap, the centre also need be turned over and be smash once; Use the quick rotting agent compost, once can pile stalk 1000~250000kg, need not turn over and smash, cover (rickle need cover with soil) without earth.