CN105510405A - Capacitive cement-based humidity sensitive element and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Capacitive cement-based humidity sensitive element and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacitive cement-based humidity sensitive element and a preparing method thereof. The element is composed of a cylindrical cement-based blank and ring-shaped electrodes, wherein the ring-shaped electrodes are located at the positions which are spaced from two end openings of the cylindrical cement-based blank by 10-20 cm and are inwards parallel to the two round faces, the cylindrical cement-based blank and the ring-shaped electrodes are bonded in a sealed mode through copper powder mixed with conductive adhesive, and the ring-shaped electrodes are connected with a wire. The element is good in durability, a certain quality of porous adsorbing materials are doped, the element makes close contact with a building and can synchronously detect the relative humidity in a building structure in time, and measurement results are timely and reliable. Durability of the building structure will not be affected by burying the measuring element, the humidity sensitive element is low in price, and therefore construction cost can be reduced greatly.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of relative humidity perception test element, specifically, relate to a kind of a kind of capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element for inside relative humidity of cement base material change in cement-based material (as sand-cement slurry, concrete etc.) hydration process and Long-Time Service process and preparation method thereof, belong to construction material detection field.
Background technology
Cement-based material under usual conditions, its drying shrinkage, creep and the mechanical characteristic such as crackle formation and its internal relative humidity condition closely related; And for the cement-based material be in for a long time in dry, wet alternate environment, the change of its internal environment humidity is inseparable especially with its endurance quality.Therefore the health status that the change of cement-based material interior humidity favourablely can understand civil engineering structure in depth is accurately detected.Method of testing conventional is at present built-in pipe Dow process, the method is the pre-buried pipeline when cement-based material is built, when it has intensity, Digital Humidity measuring sensor is placed at the bottom of pipe, and then carries out isolating seal with the external world, but its plugging material bleeding and sealing difficulty large.Patent of invention CN101603937B " inside relative humidity of cement base material proving installation and method of testing thereof " and CN103163285A " a kind of device measuring cement concrete internal relative humidity and temperature " overcomes the above-mentioned shortcoming of traditional pre-buried pipeline, but above-mentioned two kinds of methods still well can not test the early stage internal relative humidity of cement casting, too large with the Digital Humidity measuring sensor in timer and cement-based material internal voids, cause both residing space relative humidity synchronously difficult.In addition, civil construction is different, the position of carrying out moisture measurement is needed often to have many places, a humidity measuring instrument only can be responsible for the humidity measuring certain privileged site, want to carry out many places measurement to civil engineering structure, need pre-buried multiple humidity measuring instrument, this will cause the stress of whole building structure significantly to reduce, and has a strong impact on its permanance; And humidity measuring instrument is low for tenure of use, need in military service process to change, cost is relatively high, greatly improves construction costs.Therefore, invent a kind of can accurately the relative humidity of test water cement-based material aquation inside, multimetering affect structural stress, long service life, moisture measurement element that cost is low have very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element, by measuring the change of cement-based material internal capacitance signal, the humidity change of all the period of time reaction civil structure therein.Due to measuring sensor of the present invention inherently cement-based material, draw simultaneously and mix a certain amount of porous adsorbing material, with buildings close contact, can synchronous building structure content relative humidity in time, measurement result is reliable in time; Imbed the permanance that this measuring sensor can not affect building structure, cheap, greatly can reduce construction costs, therefore have broad application prospects.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element, is characterized in that, it be by cylindric cement based base substrate and be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance be that the round electrode at 10-20cm place is formed; Described cylindric cement based base substrate and round electrode are sealing adhesive by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl; Round electrode is connected to wire.
Described cylindric cement based base substrate is made up of the starting material of following percentage by weight: sand-cement slurry 92-95%, conductive material 1-2%, porous adsorbing material 3-6%.
The copper conductor of described round electrode to be diameter be 1.38mm-2.26mm.
Described sand-cement slurry is made up of 42.5 Portland cements, silica sand fine aggregate and water; Described sand-cement slurry water cement ratio 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3; Described silica sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
Described conductive material is made up of chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and the nano carbon black weight ratio according to 0.5:1:0.8.
Described porous adsorbing material is the combination of one or more in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and zeyssatite.
Described chopped carbon fiber is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 10-15mm, diameter 7 μm, and line resistance is 85 Ω/m; Described carbon nano-tube external diameter 20-40nm, internal diameter is 5-10nm, and length is 50 μm, and specific surface area is 100m
2/ g; Described nano carbon black, diameter 2-3nm, proportion 1.8-1.91g/cm
3.
The preparation method of above-mentioned capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element, it comprises the following steps:
1) by honed to zeolite, concave convex rod, sepiolite and diatomite in powder 200 mesh sieves, potpourri is mixed in proportion to obtain with Portland cement and silica sand fine aggregate;
2) by the conductive material that chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and nano carbon black form in proportion, be distributed in water with the spreading agent hydroxyethyl cellulose accounting for cement quality 1% and make mixed solution;
3) in proportion by step 1) gained potpourri and step 2) gained solution mixes and ultrasonic disperse evenly obtains cement-based material, then cement-based material is built in cylindrical mold, putting into temperature is 20 ± 1oC, maintenance in the fog room of relative humidity >=90%, maintenance 28d is continued, then vacuum drying under putting into water 20 ± 1oC temperature after 1d;
4) at the maintenance cylinder cement based base substrate that also drying completes, a pair round electrode is installed, namely be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance cut circular groove for 10-20cm place, circular electrode is imbedded, electrode and cement-based material contact site are sealed by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl, final acquisition capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element.
Surface-treated chopped carbon fiber and carbon nano-tube are evenly spread in sand-cement slurry by special process, the different small electric container of many large small scales can be formed with micro-scale angle thin sight, these small electric containers are uniformly distributed in concrete, give cement-based material certain capacitance signal by serial or parallel connection mode, if the change of cement-based material any one position recurring structure inner or composition, by above-mentioned cement based humidity-sensitive material access round electrode, being divided by measurement cement-based material capacitance signal can this change of perception rapidly.The change of cement-based material humidity can ascribe the how many change of material internal moisture to, and therefore the change of humidity carrys out perception by measuring capacitance signal; Simultaneously because the specific inductive capacity of moisture is more high than cement-based material, therefore changed by humidity and cause cement-based material capacitance signal to change obviously.Headspace during tested building operation, imbeds buildings reserved location by cement based humidity-sensitive element after building completion, draws wire and connects measuring equipment, gets final product the humidity change of all the period of time perception building structure measured position.
The present invention is by measuring the capacitance signal of humidity-sensitive element, but not the electric signal of resistance signal perceptually ambient humidity.This is because capacitance signal, compared with resistance signal, has and changes feature that is sensitive, good stability.Conductive material in humidity-sensitive element comprises chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and nano carbon black, and these conductive materials form many capacitors in cement matrix, wherein forms relatively large capacitor between carbon fiber; Form the capacitor of more microcosmic between carbon nano-tube, thus strengthen the capacitance of whole temperature sensor element further at microcosmos area.The volume of the chopped carbon fiber now in humidity-sensitive element, carbon nano-tube and nano carbon black does not reach conduction and oozes threshold value, and the change of this element temperature to external world or stress is insensitive, therefore can ignore ambient temperature and stress to the interference of humidity measurement results.Cement-based material humidity is higher, easy quick adsorption is got over juicy owing to comprising porous adsorbing material by moisture measurement element, cause the continuous increase of measuring sensor capacitance, if set up the correlativity between ambient humidity and moisture measurement component capacitance value in advance, namely the electric capacity measuring moisture measurement element can calculate the relative humidity of oneself inside of perception cement-based material.
The cylindrical humidity-sensitive element of the present invention can directly uprightly be arranged in the reserving hole of building desired moisture level measurement, and take into account reinforcing construction structure, outer seal portion and element retain a segment distance; On element, a pair round electrode reserves outside buildings hole, and whole mounting process is simple; According to the position requirement of building interior Humidity Detection, can change the size of moisture measurement element to facilitate detection, the measurement of capacitance signal uses digital electric bridge simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: due to measuring sensor inherently cement-based material, permanance is good, draws simultaneously and mixes a certain amount of porous adsorbing material, with buildings close contact, can synchronous building structure content relative humidity in time, and measurement result is reliable in time; Imbed the permanance that this measuring sensor can not affect building structure, cheap, greatly can reduce construction costs.Be applicable to the measurement of cement-based material internal relative humidity in each length of time, be also applicable to the measurement of relative humidity under various different spaces and environment.Therefore this cement based humidity-sensitive element has a extensive future.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is at 0-90RH% RH range humidity measuring sensor permittivity variation diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is at 0-90RH% RH range humidity measuring sensor permittivity variation diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is at 0-90RH% RH range humidity measuring sensor permittivity variation diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element, it be by cylindric cement based base substrate and be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance be that the round electrode at 10cm place is formed; Described cylindric cement based base substrate and round electrode are sealing adhesive by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl, and round electrode is connected to wire.
Cylindric cement based base substrate is wherein made up of the starting material of following percentage by weight: sand-cement slurry 95%, conductive material 1%, porous adsorbing material 4%.
The copper conductor of described round electrode to be diameter be 1.38mm.
Described sand-cement slurry is made up of 42.5 Portland cements, silica sand fine aggregate and water; Described sand-cement slurry water cement ratio 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3.Wherein silica sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
Described conductive material is made up of chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and the nano carbon black weight ratio according to 0.5:1:0.8.The chopped carbon fiber chosen is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 10mm, diameter 7 μm, and line resistance is 85 Ω/m; Carbon nano-tube overall diameter 30nm, internal diameter is 5nm, and length is 50 μm, and specific surface area is 100m
2/ g; Nano carbon black, diameter 3nm, proportion 1.8g/cm
3.
Described porous adsorbing material is the combination of one or more in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and zeyssatite.
Based on above-mentioned raw materials, prepare by the following method:
1) by honed to zeolite, concave convex rod, sepiolite and diatomite in powder 200 mesh sieves, potpourri is mixed in proportion to obtain with Portland cement and silica sand fine aggregate;
2) by the conductive material that chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and nano carbon black form in proportion, be distributed in water with the spreading agent hydroxyethyl cellulose accounting for cement quality 1% and make mixed solution;
3) in proportion by step 1) gained potpourri and step 2) gained solution mixes and ultrasonic disperse evenly obtains cement-based material, then cement-based material is built in cylindrical mold, putting into temperature is 20 ± 1oC, maintenance in the fog room of relative humidity >=90%, maintenance 28d is continued, then vacuum drying under putting into water 20 ± 1oC temperature after 1d;
4) at the maintenance cylinder cement based base substrate that also drying completes, a pair round electrode is installed, namely be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance cut circular groove for 10-20cm place, circular electrode is imbedded, electrode and cement-based material contact site are sealed by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl, final acquisition capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element.
Because building interior range of humidity variation is narrow, and period of change is long, and the capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element prepared is adopted the change of humidity cabinet Fast simulation ambient humidity in laboratory, experimental temperature is 20
+1 DEG C, capacitance signal measuring equipment is DM3062 type digital multimeter, and measurement result as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 1 is capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element permittivity change curve in 10-90RH% RH range, repeatedly duplicate measurements, and its capacitance data is stablized, and amplitude of variation is obvious.
Embodiment 2
A kind of capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element, it be by cylindric cement based base substrate and be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance be that the round electrode at 15cm place is formed; Described cylindric cement based base substrate and round electrode are sealing adhesive by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl, and round electrode is connected to wire.
Cylindric cement based base substrate is wherein made up of the starting material of following percentage by weight: sand-cement slurry 94%, conductive material 1.5%, porous adsorbing material 4.5%.
The copper conductor of described round electrode to be diameter be 1.78mm.
Described sand-cement slurry is made up of 42.5 Portland cements, silica sand fine aggregate and water; Described sand-cement slurry water cement ratio 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3.Wherein silica sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
Described conductive material is made up of chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and the nano carbon black weight ratio according to 0.5:1:0.8.The chopped carbon fiber chosen is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 12mm, diameter 7 μm, and line resistance is 85 Ω/m; Carbon nano-tube overall diameter 20nm, internal diameter is 8nm, and length is 50 μm, and specific surface area is 100m
2/ g; Nano carbon black, diameter 2nm, proportion 1.84g/cm
3.
Described porous adsorbing material is the combination of one or more in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and zeyssatite.
Based on above-mentioned raw materials, preparation method is with embodiment 1.
The capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element prepared by said method adopts the change of humidity cabinet Fast simulation ambient humidity in laboratory, experimental temperature is 20
+1 DEG C, capacitance signal measuring equipment is DM3062 type digital multimeter, and measurement result as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 is capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element permittivity change curve in 10-90RH% RH range, repeatedly duplicate measurements, and its capacitance data is stablized, and amplitude of variation is obvious.
Embodiment 3
A kind of capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element, it be by cylindric cement based base substrate and be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance be that the round electrode at 20cm place is formed; Described cylindric cement based base substrate and round electrode are sealing adhesive by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl, and round electrode is connected to wire.
Cylindric cement based base substrate is wherein made up of the starting material of following percentage by weight: sand-cement slurry 92%, conductive material 2%, porous adsorbing material 6%.
The copper conductor of described round electrode to be diameter be 2.26mm.
Described sand-cement slurry is made up of 42.5 Portland cements, silica sand fine aggregate and water; Described sand-cement slurry water cement ratio 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3.Wherein silica sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
Described conductive material is made up of chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and the nano carbon black weight ratio according to 0.5:1:0.8.The chopped carbon fiber chosen is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 15mm, diameter 7 μm, and line resistance is 85 Ω/m; Carbon nano-tube overall diameter 40nm, internal diameter is 10nm, and length is 50 μm, and specific surface area is 100m
2/ g; Nano carbon black, diameter 3nm, proportion 1.91g/cm
3.
Described porous adsorbing material is the combination of one or more in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and zeyssatite.
Based on above-mentioned raw materials, preparation method is with embodiment 1.
The capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element prepared by said method adopts the change of humidity cabinet Fast simulation ambient humidity in laboratory, experimental temperature is 20
+1 DEG C, capacitance signal measuring equipment is DM3062 type digital multimeter, and measurement result as shown in Figure 3.Fig. 3 is capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element permittivity change curve in 10-90RH% RH range, repeatedly duplicate measurements, and its capacitance data is stablized, and amplitude of variation is obvious.
Claims (8)
1. a capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element, is characterized in that, it be by cylindric cement based base substrate and be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance be that the round electrode at 10-20cm place is formed; Described cylindric cement based base substrate and round electrode are sealing adhesive by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl; Round electrode is connected to wire.
2. capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cylindric cement based base substrate is made up of the starting material of following percentage by weight: sand-cement slurry 92-95%, conductive material 1-2%, porous adsorbing material 3-6%.
3. capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the copper conductor of described round electrode to be diameter be 1.38mm-2.26mm.
4. capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described sand-cement slurry is made up of 42.5 Portland cements, silica sand fine aggregate and water; Described sand-cement slurry water cement ratio 0.5, cement-aggregate ratio 0.3; Described silica sand fine aggregate particle size range 3-4.5mm.
5. capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described conductive material is made up of chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and the nano carbon black weight ratio according to 0.5:1:0.8.
6. capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described porous adsorbing material is the combination of one or more in zeolite, attapulgite, sepiolite and zeyssatite.
7. capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described chopped carbon fiber is polypropylene/olefin chopped carbon fiber, its length 10-15mm, diameter 7 μm, and line resistance is 85 Ω/m; Described carbon nano-tube external diameter 20-40nm, internal diameter is 5-10nm, and length is 50 μm, and specific surface area is 100m
2/ g; Described nano carbon black, diameter 2-3nm, proportion 1.8-1.91g/cm
3.
8. a preparation method for the capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element described in any one of claim 1-7, it comprises the following steps:
1) by honed to zeolite, concave convex rod, sepiolite and diatomite in powder 200 mesh sieves, potpourri is mixed in proportion to obtain with Portland cement and silica sand fine aggregate;
2) by the conductive material that chopped carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube and nano carbon black form in proportion, be distributed in water with the spreading agent hydroxyethyl cellulose accounting for cement quality 1% and make mixed solution;
3) in proportion by step 1) gained potpourri and step 2) gained solution mixes and ultrasonic disperse evenly obtains cement-based material, then cement-based material is built in cylindrical mold, putting into temperature is 20 ± 1oC, maintenance in the fog room of relative humidity >=90%, maintenance 28d is continued, then vacuum drying under putting into water 20 ± 1oC temperature after 1d;
4) at the maintenance cylinder cement based base substrate that also drying completes, a pair round electrode is installed, namely be positioned at apart from cylindric cement based base substrate two-port be parallel to two discs inwards distance cut circular groove for 10-20cm place, circular electrode is imbedded, electrode and cement-based material contact site are sealed by the copper powder being mixed with conducting resinl, final acquisition capacitor type cement based humidity-sensitive element.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106290485A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 深圳大学 | A kind of cement-based material is dried depth test method |
| CN110346422A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of humidity sensor and preparation method thereof based on concave convex rod |
| CN111855752A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Wall surface structure capable of representing humidity change of bonding mortar and testing method thereof |
| CN112798659A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 电子科技大学 | Humidity sensor based on sepiolite modified carbon material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1970492A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-05-30 | 上海三瑞化学有限公司 | Cement base material of humidity-self-regulation |
| DE102010036633A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-26 | Thomas Pfalz | Arrangement for humidification of concrete structure i.e. road, embedded into ground, has yield device arranged between wall and concrete surface in interspace part and yielding water mists that are directed parallel to concrete surface |
| CN104089986A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Preparation and detection method of humidity sensor |
| US20150153399A1 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2015-06-04 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Sensor device |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1970492A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-05-30 | 上海三瑞化学有限公司 | Cement base material of humidity-self-regulation |
| DE102010036633A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-26 | Thomas Pfalz | Arrangement for humidification of concrete structure i.e. road, embedded into ground, has yield device arranged between wall and concrete surface in interspace part and yielding water mists that are directed parallel to concrete surface |
| US20150153399A1 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2015-06-04 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Sensor device |
| CN104089986A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Preparation and detection method of humidity sensor |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106290485A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 深圳大学 | A kind of cement-based material is dried depth test method |
| CN106290485B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-07-26 | 深圳大学 | A kind of dry depth test method of cement-based material |
| CN110346422A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of humidity sensor and preparation method thereof based on concave convex rod |
| CN111855752A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Wall surface structure capable of representing humidity change of bonding mortar and testing method thereof |
| CN112798659A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 电子科技大学 | Humidity sensor based on sepiolite modified carbon material and preparation method thereof |
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