CN105505443A - Method and system for modifying heavy oil through hydrodynamic cavitation - Google Patents
Method and system for modifying heavy oil through hydrodynamic cavitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105505443A CN105505443A CN201410493422.7A CN201410493422A CN105505443A CN 105505443 A CN105505443 A CN 105505443A CN 201410493422 A CN201410493422 A CN 201410493422A CN 105505443 A CN105505443 A CN 105505443A
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- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for modifying heavy oil through hydrodynamic cavitation. The method is carried out through a hydrodynamic cavitation apparatus including, in a successively manner, a heavy oil inlet section, a throat pipe section and a stable section, wherein the flow area of the throat pipe section is less than those of both the other two sections. The throat pipe section is connected to and axially communicated with the heavy oil inlet section and the stable section. An additive inlet section communicated with the throat pipe section is arranged radially on the throat pipe section. The method includes the steps of: pressurizing heavy oil and feeding the heavy oil into the heavy oil inlet section of the apparatus, sucking a cavitation additive through the additive inlet section when the heavy oil flows through the throat pipe section to perform the hydrodynamic cavitation to the heavy oil and the cavitation additive in the stable section; and feeding a hydrodynamic cavitation reaction to a gas-liquid separation apparatus to perform gas-liquid separation. The method and the system achieve modification on the heavy oil through the hydrodynamic cavitation at a low temperature with excellent modification and viscosity reducing effects achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of upgrading heavy oil, particularly relate to a kind of method and system utilizing Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil.
Background technology
Heavy oil is that density is greater than 0.93g/cm
3, under normal pressure, boiling point is higher than the crude oil of 350 DEG C.Due to containing more long-chain macromolecule, resin and asphalt, heavy oil viscosity is comparatively large, and poor fluidity, exists disadvantageous effect to carried of crude oil, therefore needs to carry out the modifying process such as viscosity reduction to heavy oil.At present, conventional both at home and abroad heavy oil viscosity reducing process can be divided into Physical and the large class of chemical method two.
Physics viscosity reducing process mainly comprises heating, viscosity reducing method, thin oil blending visbreaking method, low viscosity pendular ring viscosity reduction method etc.Heating visbreaking method mainly makes heavy oil system obtain enough energy to destroy the macromolecular π key of colloid, bituminous matter etc. in heavy oil and hydrogen bond by heating, thus the viscosity of heavy oil is reduced, however its energy consumption is high, stopped flow injection analysis time easily occur to coagulate event of running affairs; Lightweight oil and viscous crude are mainly carried out blending by mixing light oil visbreaking method, and reach the defeated requirement of pipe to make the viscosity of mixing rare rear viscous crude reduce, although it can realize not heated transportation substantially, but cost is high, the limited source of thin oil; Low viscosity pendular ring viscosity reduction method is incorporating low viscosity immiscible liquid (such as water) in viscous crude, it is made to be surrounded by low viscosity liquid by controlling viscous crude flow velocity, thus reduction resistance to flow, but the method liquid flow pattern stability is very poor, be easy to suffer to destroy formed profit mix to.
Chemical viscosity reduction method mainly comprises chemical additive viscosity reduction method, microorganism viscosity reduction method, hydrothermal catalytic cracking method, viscosity breaking method etc.Chemical additive viscosity reduction method is under Action of Surfactant, make the Water in Oil emulsion of viscous crude be transformed into the milk sap of oil-in-water-type, thus reduce the viscosity of oil-water mixture, but the method Produced Liquid sewage is difficult, various breaking dehydrating method remains in some problems; Microorganism viscosity reduction method utilizes microbial technology to carry out biological degradation to heavy components such as the colloid in crude oil, bituminous matters, but microorganism not easily survives under some critical conditions, and screen suitable microorganism species also relative difficulty; Hydrothermal catalytic cracking method mainly makes the sulfide linkage cracking in viscous crude in sulfocompound thus viscosity is reduced, but it also needs at high temperature to carry out, and energy consumption is higher; Viscosity breaking method is that heavy oil is reduced its condensation point, viscosity to meet some specific upgrading requirement by either shallow thermally splitting, but its complex process, temperature of reaction and pressure are high.
Hydrodynamic cavitation refers to liquid in flow process because actual internal area reduction, linear rate of flow rising, pressure reduce and causes partially liq to be vaporized, by recovering sectional area in flowing subsequently, liquid flow velocity slows down, pressure increase, bubble is crumbled and fall, thus produces the extreme environments such as high temperature, high pressure, microjet in local.Although this extreme environment can make macromole cracking, but the saturated vapor pressure of heavy oil is lower, and heavy oil be made to vaporize, and required velocity of flow is large, and heavy oil viscosity is very large, therefore realizes cavitation quite difficult.At present, also under lesser temps (less than 70 DEG C), heavy oil generation Hydrodynamic cavitation is not made to carry out the relevant report of upgrading heavy oil.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method and system utilizing Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil, can realize under lesser temps and conventional flow velocity, make heavy oil generation Hydrodynamic cavitation carry out upgrading heavy oil, and good upgrading and viscosity reducing effect can be obtained.
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil, equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation is utilized to carry out, described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation comprises the heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and the stable section that set gradually, the circulation area of described trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of described heavy oil entrance inlet end and described stable section inlet end, described trunnion section is connected with described stable section with described heavy oil entrance respectively and is axially communicated with, and in described trunnion section, radial direction is provided with the auxiliary agent entrance be communicated with described trunnion section;
The method of described upgrading heavy oil comprises:
The heavy oil entrance of described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation will be sent into after heavy oil pressurization, and make heavy oil stream that cavitation agent will be helped when trunnion section to suck from auxiliary agent entrance, make heavy oil and help cavitation agent to experience Hydrodynamic cavitation at stable section; This Hydrodynamic cavitation product is sent into gas-liquid separation device and implements gas-liquid separation.
The inventive method realizes the upgrading to heavy oil in a mild condition, especially for atmospheric boiling point higher than 350 DEG C, density is greater than 0.93g/cm
3heavy oil; Help cavitation agent can be the solvent that saturated vapor pressure is higher.The present invention is not strict with the temperature of the heavy oil of feeding equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation heavy oil entrance and flow velocity, this temperature and flow velocity meet heavy oil can in the heavy oil entrance steady flow of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation, such as temperature can be 40 ~ 70 DEG C, and flow velocity can be 1 ~ 10m/s.Heavy oil sends into heavy oil entrance after pressurization, when arriving trunnion section, the flow velocity of heavy oil sharply increases, pressure significantly reduces, now help cavitation agent to be inhaled into and to be formed in trunnion section and with heavy oil and mix, because trunnion section is in low pressure, be therefore conducive to helping cavitation agent vaporization occurs and in heavy oil, forms bubble; When arriving stable section, because circulation area increases, the flow velocity of heavy oil reduces, pressure increase, and bubble is crumbled and fall thus local produces high temperature, high pressure and microjet, and the macromole in heavy oil realizes fracture and restructuring, thus reaches visbreaking and upgrading effect; In addition, help cavitation agent can be formed with the heavy oil macromole of fracture under Hydrodynamic cavitation effect and recombinate, thus avoid the heavy oil macromole ruptured to reconfigure, therefore further enhance Hydrodynamic cavitation effect, ensure that furol viscosity reduces.
In concrete scheme of the present invention, described in help cavitation agent to be selected from methyl alcohol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, Trimethylamine 99 and Methyl disulfide one or more.These help cavitation agent to have larger saturated vapor pressure, therefore relatively easily can realize Hydrodynamic cavitation without the need to heavy oil vaporization, and also can promote that part heavy oil is vaporized while its vaporization, and Hydrodynamic cavitation is effective.
Further, the heavy oil entrance of described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation is sent into after described heavy oil being forced into 1.5 ~ 5.1MPa.Heavy oil in this pressure range can realize preferably Hydrodynamic cavitation effect in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation, and too low or too high pressure may because existing the effect reducing Hydrodynamic cavitation because the problem such as vaporizing not exclusively, bubble distribution is uneven.The control of this pressure can by realizations such as such as force (forcing) pumps.
In concrete scheme of the present invention, make described heavy oil and help the weight proportion of cavitation agent to be 100:(1 ~ 10).The too low cavitation agent consumption (addition) that helps is unfavorable for forming effective bubbles volume, thus cannot reach preferably Hydrodynamic cavitation effect; The too high cavitation agent consumption that helps consumes more energy because all realizing vaporization, and reduces the effect of Hydrodynamic cavitation.In the present invention, the addition of cavitation agent is helped can be regulated easily by the pump, valve etc. be such as connected with auxiliary agent entrance.
Further, the heavy oil entrance of described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation will be sent into behind described heavy-oil heating to 40 ~ 70 DEG C.This temperature range can increase the mobility of heavy oil, and the present invention without the need to by heavy-oil heating to excessive temperature (> 70 DEG C) thus waste energy consumption.
The present invention can the convection current quality that goes out the heavy oil of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation detect, when not reaching upgrading requirement, further, after described gas-liquid separation, described heavy oil can be incorporated to by being separated the liquid that obtains, by be separated obtain help cavitation agent gas cooling after be incorporated to described in help cavitation agent.The present invention realizes the upgrading requirement of heavy oil by making heavy oil experience repeatedly Hydrodynamic cavitation.
Be understandable that, in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation of the present invention, heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and stable section all have axial through hole, each section of through hole is axially communicated with, and the cross-sectional area of trunnion section through hole significantly should be less than the cross-sectional area of heavy oil entrance through hole (inlet end) and stable section through hole (inlet end), thus be conducive to making the heavy oil generation Hydrodynamic cavitation through this equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation.In concrete scheme of the present invention, the internal diameter of the inlet end of described heavy oil entrance is 15 ~ 50mm.
Further, ratio between the internal diameter of the inlet end of described heavy oil entrance and the internal diameter of described trunnion section is 1:(0.1 ~ 0.5), the ratio between the internal diameter of the inlet end of described stable section and the internal diameter of described trunnion section is 1:(0.1 ~ 0.5).In the present invention, inlet end refers to one end that in each section, heavy oil flows into, and exit end refers to one end that in each section, heavy oil flows out; Further, the internal diameter of stable section inlet end can be identical or close with the internal diameter of heavy oil entrance inlet end.When each section of through hole cross section is circular, described internal diameter refers to the diameter of correspondent section through hole.Those skilled in the art can select suitable ratio according to the selected cavitation agent type that helps in above-mentioned scope, thus reach better vaporization effect and Hydrodynamic cavitation effect.Such as, when helping cavitation agent saturated vapor pressure relatively little, relatively large ratio can be selected.
Further, the ratio between the internal diameter of described trunnion section and the internal diameter of described auxiliary agent entrance is 1:(0.2 ~ 0.5).This scope both can realize the suction helping cavitation agent, can not reduce simultaneously cause disadvantageous effect to the pressure of trunnion section.
Further, the ratio between the length of described heavy oil entrance and the internal diameter of its inlet end is (1 ~ 3): 1, and the ratio between the length of described trunnion section and its internal diameter is (1 ~ 2.5): 1.Further, the ratio between the internal diameter of the length of described stable section and the inlet end of described heavy oil entrance is (3 ~ 5): 1.The equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation with this parameter is conducive to realizing preferably Hydrodynamic cavitation effect, and reaches good upgrading and viscosity reducing effect.
Method of the present invention can be chosen suitable modifying process parameter (as heavy oil pressure), help the parameter of the type of cavitation agent and addition and equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation to realize best upgrading and viscosity reducing effect in above-mentioned scope.It is easy to operate, controllability is strong, suitability is good.
In an embodiment of the present invention, equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation comprises the heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and the stable section that set gradually, and described heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and stable section are all cylindrically.In another embodiment, equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation comprises the heavy oil entrance, trunnion section, expanding reach and the stable section that set gradually, wherein said heavy oil entrance and described expanding reach all have horn-like through hole, and the small end of described horn-like through hole is all arranged towards described trunnion section, all cylindrically, the diameter of the small end of described horn-like through hole is all identical with the internal diameter of described trunnion section for described trunnion section and stable section.Further, the ratio between the internal diameter of the length of described expanding reach and the inlet end of described heavy oil entrance is (1 ~ 2): 1.And be understandable that, each section of described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation can be one-body molded, also can pass through mounting block (such as bolt and nut etc.) in addition between each section and achieve a fixed connection.
The present invention also provides a kind of system utilizing Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil, comprises high-pressure pump, equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation and gas-liquid separation device,
Described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation comprises the heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and the stable section that set gradually, the circulation area of described trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of described heavy oil entrance inlet end and described stable section inlet end, described trunnion section is connected with described stable section with described heavy oil entrance respectively and is axially communicated with, in described trunnion section, radial direction is provided with the auxiliary agent entrance be communicated with described trunnion section
Described high-pressure pump is connected with described heavy oil entrance, and described gas-liquid separation device is connected with described stable section.
Further, described expanding reach can also be set between described trunnion section and stable section.
Further, described system also comprises and helps cavitation agent storage tank and heavy oil storage tank, described in help cavitation agent storage tank to be connected with described auxiliary agent entrance by pipeline, described heavy oil storage tank is connected with described high-pressure pump by pipeline.Further, optionally and helping on the pipeline between cavitation agent storage tank and auxiliary agent entrance pump can be set.
Further, described gas-liquid separation device is provided with upgrading heavy oil outlet and pneumatic outlet, and described pneumatic outlet is connected with the described cavitation agent storage tank that helps by pipeline.Further, described gas-liquid separation device can also arrange the outlet of circulation heavy oil, and it is connected with described heavy oil storage tank by pipeline, and described pipeline can arrange control valve.
Further, at described pneumatic outlet and described helping on the pipeline between cavitation agent storage tank, can refrigerating unit be set.Further, the pipeline between described high-pressure pump and equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation can arrange refrigerating unit.
Enforcement of the present invention, at least has following advantage:
1, method provided by the invention, by adopting the equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation helping cavitation agent and have an ad hoc structure to enable heavy oil realize Hydrodynamic cavitation under the flow velocity of lower temperature and routine, and obtains good upgrading and viscosity reducing effect; In addition, this helps cavitation agent can enter equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation by the mode sucking and recycle, thus has saved energy consumption, the more important thing is and improve cavitation effect.
2, method provided by the invention is simple to operate, Conditions Temperature, controllability strong, and it can require to change the type and the add-on that help cavitation agent easily according to practical situation and upgrading, thus reaches preferably upgrading effect; In addition, the method can make heavy oil reach upgrading requirement by implementing repeatedly Hydrodynamic cavitation, and suitability is good.
3, method provided by the invention, by being optimized the dimensional parameters of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation, thus heavy oil can be made more to be easy to realize Hydrodynamic cavitation in the apparatus, reach preferably upgrading and viscosity reducing effect, the heavy oil of upgrading can meet upgrading requirement preferably simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation that Fig. 2 provides for another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation utilizing the system of Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 of the present embodiment comprises the heavy oil entrance 11, trunnion section 12 and the stable section 13 that set gradually, the circulation area of trunnion section 12 is all less than the circulation area of heavy oil entrance 11 inlet end and stable section 13 inlet end, trunnion section 12 is connected with stable section 13 with heavy oil entrance 11 respectively and is axially communicated with, and in trunnion section 12, radial direction is provided with the auxiliary agent entrance 14 be communicated with trunnion section 12.Particularly, heavy oil entrance 11, trunnion section 12 and stable section 13 are all cylindrically and have axial through hole, and be equipped with flange at the two ends of heavy oil entrance 11 and stable section 13, trunnion section 12 can arrange threaded hole, heavy oil entrance 11, trunnion section 12 and stable section 13 are threaded by flange and fix, the through hole of each section is axially communicated with, and each through hole is coaxially arranged; Auxiliary agent entrance 14 radial direction is arranged on the medium position of trunnion section 12 axial direction due.
Further, the internal diameter D1 of the inlet end of heavy oil entrance 11 is 25mm, ratio D2/D1 between the internal diameter D1 of the internal diameter D2 of trunnion section 12 and the inlet end of heavy oil entrance 11 is 0.2, ratio D3/D2 between the internal diameter D3 of auxiliary agent the entrance 14 and internal diameter D2 of trunnion section 12 is 0.3, ratio L1/D1 between the length L1 of heavy oil the entrance 11 and internal diameter D1 of its inlet end is 1.5, ratio L2/D2 between the length L2 of trunnion section 12 and its internal diameter D2 is 2, ratio L3/D1 between the internal diameter D1 of the length L3 of stable section 13 and the inlet end of heavy oil entrance 11 is 4, the internal diameter of stable section 13 is 25mm.
(higher than 350 DEG C, density is greater than 0.93g/cm to atmospheric boiling point to utilize this equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 to carry out heavy oil
3) method of upgrading specifically comprises:
After heavy oil is warming up to about 50 DEG C, pressurizeed by high-pressure pump, when pressure is increased to about 2.1MPa, send into the heavy oil entrance 11 of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1, when heavy oil arrives trunnion section 12, the change due to circulation area causes producing low pressure (even negative pressure) at trunnion section 12 place, thus sucks in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 by methyl alcohol (helping cavitation agent) through auxiliary agent entrance 14, wherein control the add-on of methyl alcohol, make the weight proportion of heavy oil and methyl alcohol be 100:3; At trunnion section 12 place methyl alcohol vaporizing, and enter stable section 13 with heavy oil, because circulation area increases, bubble is crumbled and fall thus local produces high temperature, high pressure and microjet, heavy oil and methyl alcohol experience Hydrodynamic cavitation at stable section 13, macromole in heavy oil realizes fracture and restructuring, thus reaches visbreaking and upgrading effect.
After Hydrodynamic cavitation product sends into gas-liquid separation device enforcement gas-liquid separation, is recycled as helping cavitation agent after the condensation of gas that separation is obtained, again be warming up to about 50 DEG C and be forced into about 2.1MPa and send into equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 by being separated the liquid that obtains and implement Hydrodynamic cavitation, circular treatment is until reach upgrading requirement.Through the viscosity B coefficent of the repeatedly heavy oil of Hydrodynamic cavitation in table 1, boiling range change is in table 2.
Embodiment 2
The equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation of embodiment 1 is adopted to carry out heavy oil modification, unlike: D1 is 40mm, D2/D1 is 0.2, D3/D2 is 0.3, L1/D1 be 1, L2/D2 is 1.5, L3/D1 is 5, and the internal diameter of stable section is 40mm, and heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and stable section are one-body molded.
After heavy oil is warming up to about 60 DEG C, after being forced into about 5.1MPa by high-pressure pump, send into the heavy oil entrance of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation, Trimethylamine 99 (helping cavitation agent) sucks in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation through auxiliary agent entrance when arriving trunnion section by heavy oil, Trimethylamine 99 is vaporized, and heavy oil and Trimethylamine 99 experience Hydrodynamic cavitation at stable section, wherein, control the add-on of Trimethylamine 99, make the weight proportion of heavy oil and Trimethylamine 99 be 100:5; After Hydrodynamic cavitation product sends into gas-liquid separation device enforcement gas-liquid separation, is recycled as helping cavitation agent after the condensation of gas that separation is obtained, the liquid that separation obtains is warming up to about 60 DEG C again and is forced into about 5.1MPa and send into equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation enforcement Hydrodynamic cavitation, circular treatment is until reach upgrading requirement.Through the viscosity B coefficent of the repeatedly heavy oil of Hydrodynamic cavitation in table 1, boiling range change is in table 2.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 2, the equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 of the present embodiment comprises the heavy oil entrance 11 set gradually, trunnion section 12, expanding reach 15 and stable section 13, heavy oil entrance 11, trunnion section 12, expanding reach 15 is one-body molded, and heavy oil entrance 11 and expanding reach 15 all have horn-like through hole, and the small end of horn-like through hole is all arranged towards trunnion section 12, trunnion section 12 and expanding reach 15 are all cylindrically and have through hole, the diameter of the small end of horn-like through hole is all identical with the internal diameter of trunnion section 12, heavy oil entrance 11, trunnion section 12, the through hole of expanding reach 15 is coaxially arranged, expanding reach 15 is connected with stable section 13 and is axially communicated with, and in trunnion section 12, radial direction is provided with the auxiliary agent entrance 14 be communicated with trunnion section 12.Be provided with flange in the end of heavy oil entrance 11 and expanding reach 15, and be equipped with flange at the two ends of stable section 13, expanding reach 15 is threaded by flange with stable section 13 and fixes, and its through hole is coaxially arranged; Auxiliary agent entrance 14 radial direction is arranged on the medium position of trunnion section 12 axial direction due.
Further, D1 is 20mm, D2/D1 is 0.5, D3/D2 is 0.5, L1/D1 be 3, L2/D2 is 2.5, L3/D1 is 3, ratio L4/D1 between length L4 and the D1 of expanding reach 15 is 1, and internal diameter and the expanding reach 15 exit end internal diameter of stable section 13 inlet end are 20mm, and heavy oil entrance 11 exit end internal diameter is all identical with the internal diameter D2 of trunnion section 12 with expanding reach 15 inlet end internal diameter.
(higher than 350 DEG C, density is greater than 0.93g/cm to atmospheric boiling point to utilize this equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 to carry out heavy oil
3) method of upgrading specifically comprises:
After heavy oil is warming up to about 50 DEG C, pressurizeed by high-pressure pump, when pressure is increased to about 3MPa, send into the heavy oil entrance 11 of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1, ethanol sucks in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 through auxiliary agent entrance 14 when arriving trunnion section 12 by heavy oil, wherein control the add-on of ethanol, make the weight proportion of heavy oil and ethanol be 100:1; In trunnion section 12, place is ethanol evaporating, and enter expanding reach 15 with heavy oil, because circulation area increases, bubble is crumbled and fall thus local produces high temperature, high pressure and microjet, heavy oil and ethanol experience Hydrodynamic cavitation, macromole in heavy oil realizes fracture and restructuring, thus reaches visbreaking and upgrading effect.
After Hydrodynamic cavitation product sends into gas-liquid separation device enforcement gas-liquid separation, is recycled as helping cavitation agent after the condensation of gas that separation is obtained, again be warming up to about 50 DEG C and be forced into about 3MPa and send into equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 by being separated the liquid that obtains and implement Hydrodynamic cavitation, circular treatment is until reach upgrading requirement.Through the viscosity B coefficent of the repeatedly heavy oil of Hydrodynamic cavitation in table 1, boiling range change is in table 2.
Embodiment 4
The equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation of embodiment 3 is adopted to carry out heavy oil modification, unlike: D1 is 40mm, D2/D1 is 0.3, D3/D2 is 0.4, L1/D1 be 2, L2/D2 is 1, L3/D1 is 5, L4/D1 is 2, and internal diameter and the expanding reach exit end internal diameter of stable section inlet end are 40mm, and heavy oil entrance, trunnion section, expanding reach and stable section are one-body molded.
After heavy oil is warming up to about 50 DEG C, after being forced into about 4MPa by high-pressure pump, send into the heavy oil entrance of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation, Methyl disulfide sucks in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation through auxiliary agent entrance when arriving trunnion section by heavy oil, Methyl disulfide is vaporized, and heavy oil and Methyl disulfide experience Hydrodynamic cavitation, wherein, control the add-on of Methyl disulfide, make the weight proportion of heavy oil and Methyl disulfide be 100:6; After Hydrodynamic cavitation product sends into gas-liquid separation device enforcement gas-liquid separation, is recycled as helping cavitation agent after the condensation of gas that separation is obtained, the liquid that separation obtains is warming up to about 50 DEG C again and is forced into about 4MPa and send into equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation enforcement Hydrodynamic cavitation, circular treatment is until reach upgrading requirement.Through the viscosity B coefficent of the repeatedly heavy oil of Hydrodynamic cavitation in table 1, boiling range change is in table 2.
Table 1 is through dynamic viscosity change (50 DEG C, Pas) of the repeatedly heavy oil of Hydrodynamic cavitation
Table 2 is through the boiling range change of the repeatedly heavy oil of Hydrodynamic cavitation
From table 1 and table 2:
The present invention is by adopting the equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation helping cavitation agent and have ad hoc structure, the content of the heavy ingredient in heavy oil is significantly reduced, viscosity reduction and upgrading successful, the heavy oil after upgrading can reach upgrading requirement, and there is good mobility, can carry easily.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 3, the system utilizing Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil of the present embodiment, comprise equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1, high-pressure pump 2 and gas-liquid separation device 3, equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 can be the arbitrary equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation of embodiment 1 ~ 4, high-pressure pump 2 is connected with the heavy oil entrance of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1, and gas-liquid separation device 3 is connected with the stable section of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1.
Further, this system also comprises and helps cavitation agent storage tank 4 and heavy oil storage tank 5, and help cavitation agent storage tank 4 to be connected with the auxiliary agent entrance of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 by pipeline, heavy oil storage tank 5 is connected with high-pressure pump 2 by pipeline.Further, optionally and helping on the pipeline between cavitation agent storage tank 4 and auxiliary agent entrance pump 6 can be set.
Further, gas-liquid separation device 3 is provided with upgrading heavy oil outlet and pneumatic outlet, and pneumatic outlet is connected with helping cavitation agent storage tank 4 by pipeline.Further, gas-liquid separation device 3 can also arrange the outlet of circulation heavy oil, and it is connected with heavy oil storage tank 5 by pipeline, and this pipeline can arrange control valve 9.In addition, at pneumatic outlet and help on the pipeline between cavitation agent storage tank 4 and can arrange refrigerating unit 7, the pipeline between high-pressure pump 2 and equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 can arrange refrigerating unit 8.
This system can be utilized to carry out the arbitrary heavy oil modification of embodiment 1 ~ 4, and its method is specially:
After the heavy oil of storage in heavy oil storage tank 5 is warming up to about 53 DEG C, pressurizeed by high-pressure pump 2, when pressure is increased to about 1.5 ~ 5.1MPa, send into equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1, when heavy oil arrives the trunnion section of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1, change due to circulation area causes producing low pressure (even negative pressure) at trunnion section place, thus will the cavitation agent that helps in cavitation agent storage tank 4 be helped to suck in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 through auxiliary agent entrance, heavy oil with help cavitation agent to experience Hydrodynamic cavitation in equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1, macromole in heavy oil realizes fracture and restructuring.
The heavy oil flowed out from the stable section of equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 is after gas-liquid separation device 3 carries out gas-liquid separation, gas flows out from pneumatic outlet, send into help in cavitation tank 4 after refrigerating unit 7 condensation and recycle, the liquid be separated is detected, if reach upgrading requirement, then flow out from heavy oil outlet and reclaim; If do not reach upgrading requirement, then open control valve 9, it is made to be back to circular treatment in heavy oil storage tank 5, heavy oil in heavy oil storage tank 5 is after high-pressure pump 2 is forced into about 1.5 ~ 5.1MPa, about 53 DEG C are cooled to through refrigerating unit 8, again send into equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 1 and implement Hydrodynamic cavitation, so repeat to implement repeatedly Hydrodynamic cavitation, until heavy oil reaches upgrading requirement.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. one kind utilizes the method for Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil, it is characterized in that, equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation is utilized to carry out, described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation comprises the heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and the stable section that set gradually, the circulation area of described trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of described heavy oil entrance inlet end and described stable section inlet end, described trunnion section is connected with described stable section with described heavy oil entrance respectively and is axially communicated with, and in described trunnion section, radial direction is provided with the auxiliary agent entrance be communicated with described trunnion section;
The method of described upgrading heavy oil comprises:
The heavy oil entrance of described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation will be sent into after heavy oil pressurization, and make heavy oil stream that cavitation agent will be helped when trunnion section to suck from auxiliary agent entrance, make heavy oil and help cavitation agent to experience Hydrodynamic cavitation at stable section; This Hydrodynamic cavitation product is sent into gas-liquid separation device and implements gas-liquid separation.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, help cavitation agent to be selected from methyl alcohol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, Trimethylamine 99 and Methyl disulfide by described one or more.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sends into the heavy oil entrance of described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation after described heavy oil is forced into 1.5 ~ 5.1MPa.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, makes described heavy oil and helps the weight proportion of cavitation agent to be 100:(1 ~ 10).
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after described gas-liquid separation, liquid circulation process separation obtained, until reach upgrading requirement, recycles being separated the cavitation agent condensation of gas that helps obtained.
6. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, ratio between the internal diameter of the inlet end of described heavy oil entrance and the internal diameter of described trunnion section is 1:(0.1 ~ 0.5), the ratio between the internal diameter of the inlet end of described stable section and the internal diameter of described trunnion section is 1:(0.1 ~ 0.5).
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the ratio between the internal diameter of described trunnion section and the internal diameter of described auxiliary agent entrance is 1:(0.2 ~ 0.5).
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, ratio between the length of described heavy oil entrance and the internal diameter of its inlet end is (1 ~ 3): 1, and the ratio between the length of described trunnion section and its internal diameter is (1 ~ 2.5): 1.
9. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the ratio between the internal diameter of the length of described stable section and the inlet end of described heavy oil entrance is (3 ~ 5): 1.
10. utilize a system for Hydrodynamic cavitation upgrading heavy oil, it is characterized in that, comprise high-pressure pump, equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation and gas-liquid separation device,
Described equipment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation comprises the heavy oil entrance, trunnion section and the stable section that set gradually, the circulation area of described trunnion section is all less than the circulation area of described heavy oil entrance inlet end and described stable section inlet end, described trunnion section is connected with described stable section with described heavy oil entrance respectively and is axially communicated with, in described trunnion section, radial direction is provided with the auxiliary agent entrance be communicated with described trunnion section
Described high-pressure pump is connected with described heavy oil entrance, and described gas-liquid separation device is connected with described stable section.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107674700A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-09 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | Heavy oil low temperature lightening method and heavy oil low temperature lighting system and application |
| CN110339696A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-18 | 山东大学 | Industrial waste gas denitration Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor and denitrating system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101663378A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2010-03-03 | 弗拉克托***公司 | Hydrodynamic cavitation process for treating heavy oils |
| CN104001462A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-27 | 新疆大学 | Hydraulic cavitation reaction device and method for increasing content of anthracene and phenanthrene in wash oil |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101663378A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2010-03-03 | 弗拉克托***公司 | Hydrodynamic cavitation process for treating heavy oils |
| CN104001462A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-27 | 新疆大学 | Hydraulic cavitation reaction device and method for increasing content of anthracene and phenanthrene in wash oil |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107674700A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-09 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | Heavy oil low temperature lightening method and heavy oil low temperature lighting system and application |
| CN110339696A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-18 | 山东大学 | Industrial waste gas denitration Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor and denitrating system |
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