CN105502987A - Plant fiber processing method - Google Patents
Plant fiber processing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105502987A CN105502987A CN201510987964.4A CN201510987964A CN105502987A CN 105502987 A CN105502987 A CN 105502987A CN 201510987964 A CN201510987964 A CN 201510987964A CN 105502987 A CN105502987 A CN 105502987A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- plant fiber
- vegetable fibre
- fibre
- strong base
- concentration
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
- C04B20/1066—Oxides, Hydroxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plant fiber processing method. The plant fiber processing method comprises steps as follows: 1, plant fiber is cut up; 2, strong base is dissolved in water at the temperature of 40-50 DEG C, and a strong base solution with the concentration being 4%-10% is prepared; 3, the plant fiber is soaked in the strong base solution for 8-12 hours, repeatedly washed with clear water until the pH value is neutral, and then is naturally aired. A NaOH solution with lower concentration is adopted, the soaking time is prolonged, the water temperature is raised, more sufficient reaction is realized, and residues influencing hardening of concrete in the plant fiber are reduced. Besides, the consumption of NaOH can be reduced due to the fact that the concentration of the NaOH solution is low, the plant fiber processing cost is reduced, the situation that the plant fiber is excessively soaked to be in a dissolved state due to higher concentration of a base solution is avoided, and the method can be applied in practical production on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind for the treatment of process of vegetable fibre.
Background technology
The Land use systems of vegetable fibre is varied, such as: its protofibril, derivative or graft copolymer can be utilized, product type can be the matrix material etc. of derivatived cellulose film, Mierocrystalline cellulose exchange resin, derivatived cellulose liquid crystal and fiber and thermoplastic resin.
In cement-base composite material field, since the eighties, many developing countries hanker after researching and developing the strongthener with non-wood pulp vegetable fibre making cement mortar.The research of vegetable fibre Concrete Structure is to developing country, and there is very large magnetism in the country that particularly fibre resources lacks.
In cement-based gelling material, add straw material, due to the alkaline environment that hydrated cementitious produces, stalk can be made to react and the materials such as stripping monose, oligomeric sugar and starch, to cement, there is delayed coagulation.Vegetable fibre is mixed in concrete and makes novel environment friendly building block, must process vegetable fibre.
Summary of the invention
In order to remove in vegetable fibre the tartaric acid affecting hardening of cement, making it for making novel environment friendly building block in concrete, of the present inventionly providing a kind of vegetable fibre treatment process.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of vegetable fibre treatment process, comprises the steps:
One, shredded by vegetable fibre (rice-straw fibre), length is at 1 ~ 2cm;
Two, be dissolved in the water of 40 ~ 50 DEG C by highly basic (as calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), compound concentration is the strong base solution of about 4 ~ 10%;
Three, immersed by vegetable fibre in strong base solution (soaking water temperature is 40 ~ 50 DEG C) after soaking 8 ~ 12 hours, it is neutral for repeatedly rinsing to pH value with clear water, naturally dries.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention adopts the NaOH solution of low concentration, extends soak time, raises water temperature, makes reaction more abundant, reduces the residue affecting concrete hardening in vegetable fibre.Further, adopt the NaOH solution of lower concentration can reduce the consumption of NaOH, reduce the cost of vegetable fibre process, avoid making because concentration of lye is higher vegetable fibre oversoaking be dissolved state simultaneously, make the method apply in actual production on a large scale.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the rice-straw fibre in immersion process;
Fig. 2 is the rice-straw fibre of the shape that is translucent after process;
Fig. 3 is the rice-straw fibre comparison diagram before and after process, and the left side is untreated straw, and the right is straw after process.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is further described; but be not limited thereto; everyly technical solution of the present invention modified or equivalent to replace, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of vegetable fibre treatment process, concrete implementation step is as follows:
1, the composition analysis of vegetable fibre
Composition test for vegetable fibre (corn, straw) uses for reference the testing method about holocellulose, lignin, piperylene and ash content composition in paper pulp, and standard is respectively GB/T2677.10-1995, GB/T747-2003, GB/T745-2003, GB/T742-1989.
Meanwhile, in cement-based gelling material, add sponge, due to the alkaline environment that hydrated cementitious produces, vegetable fibre can be made to react and the materials such as stripping monose, oligomeric sugar and starch, to cement, there is delayed coagulation.Therefore, in vegetable fibre, how many extractives cotents is a vegetable fibre important indicator in the application.Mensuration for extractive substance have employed hot water or cold water's lixiviate and the lixiviate of l% aqua calcis respectively.
1.1.1 the preparation of test sample
All shred removing the raw material of root and fringe (experimental raw is straw and maize straw).After air-dry, put in pulverizer and wear into smalls.Sieve, intercept by 40 orders not by the smalls of 60 mesh sieves.Cool to room temperature, and with magnet except scrap iron removing, be stored in 1000 and adjoin and have in the wide-necked bottle of ground glass stopper, back-up analyses use.
1.1.2 the mensuration of holocellulose
Whole hemicellulose that holocellulose retains after referring to plant fiber material removing lignin and cellulosic total amount.Measuring method is when pH is 4 ~ 5, and with Textone process, oneself extracts the sample of resin out to remove contained lignin, measures residue (i.e. holocellulose) amount quantitatively.
1.1.3 the mensuration of lignin
Lignin is the class material be made up of the aromatic alcohol be polymerized, and is present in lignum, and Main Function carrys out sclereid wall by forming intertexture net.Lignin, mainly between cellulosic fibre, plays resistance to compression effect.Measuring method is the carbohydrate that the vegetable fibre crossed with the own Benzene-ethanol extraction of 72% sulfuric acid dissolution makes in paper pulp, then carries out filtering, thousand dry and weigh, thus the quantitative content determining resistates (lignin).
1.1.4 the mensuration of piperylene
Piperylene measuring method is jointly heated sample and 12% hydrochloric acid, makes the pentosan in sample be converted into furfural, and with the furfural that volumetric determination distills.
1.1.5 extractive substance measures
Half fiber in vegetable fibre and piperylene are made up of small molecules, and molecular chain is shorter, and crystallinity is poor, easy stripping in water or in basic solution, and then hydrolysis generates glucose, seminose, pectinose, semi-lactosi etc.These monose, in cement alkaline medium, are converted into saccharic acid, generate Calciofon with hydrolysis product of cement calcium ion, are wrapped in surrounding's formation shell of cement granules, hinder hydrated cementitious.The material of these strippings is called as extractive substance, therefore, in order to determine the influence degree of vegetable fibre to hydrated cementitious, makes following extractive substance and measures.
Cold water lixiviate: sample is put into wherein lixiviate 24h by water temperature at normal temperatures, then takes out sample, carry out air-dry after, measure the quality of sample, thus calculate cold water extractive substance per-cent.
Hot water extraction: lixiviate sample 3 ~ 7h in the hot water of 80 DEG C, takes out sample, carry out air-dry after, measure the quality of sample, thus calculate hot water extraction's thing per-cent.
1%Ca (OH)
2solution lixiviate: by sample in immersion 1%Ca (OH)
2lixiviate 3h in solution, then obtains the per-cent of alkali lye extractive substance.
2, the alkali resistance process of corn, rice-straw fibre
Table 1 maize straw composition
Table 2 rice straw composition
By the mensuration of plant fiber component in table 1 and table 2, can find out that the main component of vegetable fibre is holocellulose, lignin and piperylene, wherein holocellulose is Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose, the different structure cells of fiber are served as tackiness agent by xylogen (or hemicellulose) and are connected, the Structure and Properties of the content influence vegetable fibre of xylogen.The intensity of fiber and hardness are then determined by content of cellulose and the rotation angle that formed with fibre axis in inner-layer thin cell wall by fento, and the fibril of cellulose macromolecule is formed along fibre axis and rotates, and the angle of fibre axis and fibril is less, the intensity of fiber and hardness better.And hemicellulose is amorphous substance, be " tackiness agent " and " weighting agent " of filling between the fibers and between microfibre, its polymerization degree is lower, and easily absorb water swollen.Rice-straw fibre is as the one of natural plant fibre, and natural plant fibre directly will be applied in cement-based material, and due to the defect of its fibrous texture, cause the unfavorable factors such as fibre strength is low, easy depolymerization, serious also can cause cement retardative, even not solidifying.In order to develop natural plant fibre, invention has been following process:
One, rice-straw fibre shreds in advance, and length is at 1 ~ 2cm.With plastics barreled 2000g water, water temperature, at about 50 DEG C, adds previously prepd NaOH crystal, and controlling strength of solution is 6%, straw is immersed solution in NaOH solution and becomes dark yellow (Fig. 1) from water white transparency.
Two, soak after ten hours, it is neutral for repeatedly rinsing to pH value with clear water, naturally dries.
Because mainly Mierocrystalline cellulose remaining after alkaline purification, the shape so the rice-straw fibre after alkalinisation treatment is translucent, the vegetable fibre tensile strength after alkalization is higher than undressed vegetable fibre (Fig. 2 ~ 3).
Claims (5)
1. a vegetable fibre treatment process, is characterized in that described method steps is as follows:
One, vegetable fibre is shredded;
Two, be dissolved in by highly basic in the water of 40 ~ 50 DEG C, compound concentration is the strong base solution of 4 ~ 10%;
Three, immersed by vegetable fibre in strong base solution and soak 8 ~ 12 hours, it is neutral for repeatedly rinsing to pH value with clear water, naturally dries.
2. vegetable fibre treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that in described step one, plant fiber length is at 1 ~ 2cm.
3. vegetable fibre treatment process according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that in described step one, and vegetable fibre is rice-straw fibre.
4. vegetable fibre treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that in described step 2, and highly basic is calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
5. vegetable fibre treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that in described step 3, and soaking water temperature is 40 ~ 50 DEG C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510987964.4A CN105502987A (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Plant fiber processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510987964.4A CN105502987A (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Plant fiber processing method |
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| CN105502987A true CN105502987A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510987964.4A Pending CN105502987A (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Plant fiber processing method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106699068A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-24 | 东华理工大学 | Composite building material for wall body and preparation method of composite building material |
| CN112125551A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-25 | 西京学院 | Pretreatment method for plant fibers in concrete |
| CN114620973A (en) * | 2022-04-09 | 2022-06-14 | 东莞市建业混凝土有限公司 | Fiber concrete and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102976684A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-20 | 新疆农业大学 | Load-bearing thermal-insulating and anti-crack type cotton straw cement-based building block and preparation method thereof |
| US20140045226A1 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Dakota Star Capital, Llc | Process for treating lignocellulosic biomass |
| CN104261763A (en) * | 2014-09-21 | 2015-01-07 | 山东农业大学 | Glass bead and wheat straw composite thermal insulation mortar |
| CN104817303A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-08-05 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of novel cement-based plant straw fiber particle wall material |
-
2015
- 2015-12-24 CN CN201510987964.4A patent/CN105502987A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140045226A1 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Dakota Star Capital, Llc | Process for treating lignocellulosic biomass |
| CN102976684A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-20 | 新疆农业大学 | Load-bearing thermal-insulating and anti-crack type cotton straw cement-based building block and preparation method thereof |
| CN104261763A (en) * | 2014-09-21 | 2015-01-07 | 山东农业大学 | Glass bead and wheat straw composite thermal insulation mortar |
| CN104817303A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-08-05 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of novel cement-based plant straw fiber particle wall material |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106699068A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-24 | 东华理工大学 | Composite building material for wall body and preparation method of composite building material |
| CN112125551A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-25 | 西京学院 | Pretreatment method for plant fibers in concrete |
| CN114620973A (en) * | 2022-04-09 | 2022-06-14 | 东莞市建业混凝土有限公司 | Fiber concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN114620973B (en) * | 2022-04-09 | 2022-11-08 | 东莞市建业混凝土有限公司 | Fiber concrete and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160420 |
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