CN1055016A - The manufacture method of cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath - Google Patents
The manufacture method of cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath Download PDFInfo
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- CN1055016A CN1055016A CN 91100789 CN91100789A CN1055016A CN 1055016 A CN1055016 A CN 1055016A CN 91100789 CN91100789 CN 91100789 CN 91100789 A CN91100789 A CN 91100789A CN 1055016 A CN1055016 A CN 1055016A
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- graphited
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- carbon block
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Abstract
A kind of manufacture method of cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath, it is an aggregate with the hard coal after calcining, metallurgical coke, few ash Jiao, graphite broken (or scale graphite), with pitch is binding agent, behind the kneading and compacting, in stoving oven, heated up through 280～360 hours and insulation to 1100～1380 ℃ (optimum value is 1250～1350 ℃), energising is heated to 1800～2300 ℃ (optimum value is 1900～2150 ℃) and carries out semi-graphited in resistance furnace then, builds into the finished product of desired shape at last by laying bricks or stones.
Description
The present invention relates to the manufacture method of the semi-graphited cathode carbon pieces that the manufacture method of cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath, particularly resistivity are low, electrolyte-resistant solution etch performance is good
As everyone knows, the cathode portion of aluminium cell constitutes with carbonaceous material with aluminium liquid and ionogen contact site.Particularly bottom of electrolytic tank all is to constitute with the charcoal piece.In the electrolysis operation process, this charcoal piece Chang Yin is subjected to thermal stresses and chemical etching effect and damages and cause shut-down, and in addition, in the electrolysis operation, the volts lost of cathode carbon pieces also can influence the energy consumption of electrolysis process.For this reason, require cathode carbon pieces to have good resistance to compression, tensile strength, resistance to sudden heating, electrolyte-resistant solution etch performance and electroconductibility and wear resistance
The cathode carbon pieces that the aluminum current electrolyzer uses has common anthracite-base cathode carbon pieces, semi-graphite cathode carbon block, semi-graphited cathode carbon pieces and graphitized cathode carbon block etc. several
Common anthracite-base cathode carbon pieces is that to use the hard coal after 1250～1350 ℃ of calcinings be aggregate, is binding agent with the coal-tar pitch, behind kneading and compacting, forms through 1300 ℃ of left and right sides roastings again.The carbon back that constitutes it originally belongs to amorphous carbon, the aluminium electrolytic cell cathode of building by laying bricks or stones with this charcoal piece, in aluminium electrolysis process, be subjected to sodium ion etch rate of expansion big (linear expansivity reaches 1.5%), physical strength greatly reduces after the etch, so work-ing life is short, in addition, its resistivity is bigger, is generally (50～60) * 10
-6Ω m, thereby the electric tank cathode pressure drop that is built into this charcoal piece is big, the power consumption height.
The knot effect is not strong.(2). be difficult to keep good reducing atmosphere in the bed of material in the kiln, therefore occur the oxidation and generate calcium phosphate in the bed of material of phosphorus steam easily, reduced the evaporation rate of phosphorus in the pelletizing with calcium oxide reaction in the pelletizing.(3). kiln body air feed system complex structure, and be difficult to make the interior oxidation zone of kiln to be separated well with the reduction zone.Reason is that 8 rows totally 96 wind holes are set around the rotary kiln body, and bubbling air destroys the reducing atmosphere in the bed of material when avoiding the wind hole to go to bed of material below, and air feed has to adopt periodical operation, thereby has made complex system.Though and this footpath aweather can effectively utilize the combustion space in the hole, the air that feeds directly arrives bed of material surface easily, makes the mass transfer quickening between oxidation zone and the reduction zone, and oxidation zone just is difficult to separate well with the reduction zone.
The objective of the invention is to: by improving pellet strength, kiln hood is thrown into solid reductant and adopts new kiln body air feed system so that the KPA method is improved.
Technical solution of the present invention is: Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) and silica, carbonaceous reducing agent are through grinding, making ball after the batching, mixing, need add organic binder bond when making the ball batching, pelletizing adopts drying and consolidating, pelletizing after fixed reduction volatilization and bubbling air in rotary kiln make phosphorus steam and carbon monoxide oxidizing fire, rotary kiln end is thrown into solid reductant, the kiln body is provided with some blower fans and airduct, and air is that bed of material top feeds along the axis in the kiln.
In the technical solution of the present invention, the organic binder bond of interpolation has three kinds: i.e. Sodium salts humic acids, calcium lignin sulphonate, cellulose lye.When using fulvo acid content to account for 30～70% Sodium salts humic acids, addition is 0.5～4.5% (butt); When using calcium lignin sulphonate, addition is 0.3～3.0% (butt); When to use proportion be 1.20～1.30 cellulose lye, addition was 2.0～5.0%.
In the technical solution of the present invention, pelletizing adopts drying and consolidating, and consolidation temperature is 100～400 ℃, and consolidation time is 10～60 minutes.
Upper and lower temperature difference is bigger, causes the performance difference of charcoal piece top and the bottom bigger, and whole charcoal piece physical and chemical performance uniformity coefficient is poor
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of raw material that the source is wide, price is low that adopts is provided, produce that resistivity is low, the potential resistance to electrolyte contamination erosion is good, the suitable method of making cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath of physical and chemical performance homogeneous.
The manufacture method of cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath of the present invention comprises batching and kneading and compacting, roasting and semi-graphited three-procedure
Raw materials usedly be: the hard coal after 1250～1300 ℃ of calcinings, metallurgical coke, few grey Jiao and graphite broken (or scale graphite), binding agent is that each proportion of raw materials of pitch (weight percentage) is respectively 40～50,0～30,0～35,0～10 and 15～25, the granularity (mm) of raw material (except that pitch) is distributed as :+12;＜2% ,-12～+ 4; 25 ± 4% ,-0.5; 40 ± 4% ,-0.075; 29 ± 3%.
With above-mentioned raw materials through routine mix pinch after, with extruding or vibratory compaction, usually making the cross section is that 420mm * 420mm length is the piece of predetermined length, then in stoving oven, heated up through 280～360 hours and insulation to 1100～1380 ℃ (optimum value is 1250～1350 ℃), according to circumstances with condition, roasting can be carried out in circular furnace or ground kiln or down-draft kiln.Subsequently the charcoal piece integral body after the roasting is moved and carry out the semi-graphited processing in people's resistance furnace, semi-graphited is everlasting and is carried out in Acheson's resistance furnace, its processing condition are: 2000～3000 kilowatt-hours of energising amounts, 30～45 hours conduction time, top temperature is controlled at 1800～2300 ℃ (optimum value is 1900～2150 ℃) in the stove.Make the charcoal piece reach the preceding graphite state of complete greying, at last product be processed the finished product of building into required cathode shape by laying bricks or stones.
Cathode carbon pieces with method manufacturing of the present invention has following advantage and effect:
Wide, the low price of raw material sources, be easy to apply;
2. product performance obviously are better than common anthracite-base cathode carbon pieces and semi-graphite cathode carbon block, Jiao who burns till because of its feed particles and pitch, all reach semi-graphited, so performance even, intensity height, good toughness, its main performance index is: greying index＞0.8, ash＜7%, resistivity 3 * 10
-6Ω m, ultimate compression strength＞17MPa, true density＞2.06g cm
3, volume density 1.52g＜cm, electrolytic expansivity 0.5%
The aluminium electrolytic cell cathode of building by laying bricks or stones with the semi-graphited charcoal piece of method manufacturing of the present invention is low because of the rate of expansion that produced by the sodium ion etch in electrolytic process, therefore reduce fracture because of upwards arching upward and produced, so can prolong the work-ing life of cathode carbon pieces, simultaneously owing to having reduced the volts lost of negative electrode, so reduced the power consumption in the electrolytic process
The embodiment of cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath manufacture method of the present invention lists in table 1, and the physical and chemical performance of product is shown in table 2
The manufacturing process of table 1 cathode carbon pieces
The physical and chemical performance of table 2 cathode carbon pieces
| Sequence number | ??1 | ??2 | ??3 | ??4 | ??5 |
| The greying index | ??0.8 | ??0.8 | ??0.82 | ??0.80 | ??0.80 |
| Porosity (%) | ??26.42 | ??25.95 | ??26.31 | ??26.23 | ??26.49 |
| Resistivity (10 Ω m) | ??23-28 | ??21-45 | ??18-23 | ??22-26 | ??20-25 |
| Ultimate compression strength (MPa) | ??20-23 | ??20-25 | ??21-23 | ??21.3 | ??20.8 |
| Volume density (g/cm) | ??1.55 | ??1.56 | ??1.57 | ??1.56 | ??1.55 |
| Bending strength (MPa) | ??10-12 | ??10-12 | ??11 | ??9.7 | ??10.3 |
| True density (g/cm) | ??2.12 | ??2.14 | ??2.14 | ??2.12 | ??2.12 |
| The swollen rate that rises of electrolysis (%) | ??0.44 | ??0.42 | ??0.40 | ??0.45 | ??0.47 |
| Ash (%) | ??6.06 | ??3.96 | ??3.87 | ??4.22 | ??4.30 |
Claims (3)
1. the manufacture method of a cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath comprises batching and kneading and compacting, roasting and semi-graphited operation, it is characterized in that:
A) raw material and proportioning (weight percentage): the hard coal 45～50 after 1250～1300 ℃ of calcinings, metallurgical coke 0～30, few ash Jiao 0～35, broken (or the scale graphite) 0～10 of graphite, pitch 15～25;
B) raw material (except that pitch) granularity (mm) distributes :+12;＜2% ,-12～+ 4; 25 ± 4%;-0.5; 40 ± 4% ,-0.075; 29 ± 3%;
C) sinter process condition: intensification and soaking time 280～360 hours, 1100～1380 ℃ of top temperatures;
D) semi-graphited processing condition: 30～45 hours conduction time, 2000～3000 kilowatt-hours of energising amounts, 1800～2300 ℃ of top temperatures
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that roasting is at circular furnace. carries out in ground kiln or the down-draft kiln
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the high humidity of calcining process the best is 1250～1350 ℃, and the high humidity of semi-graphited operation the best is 1900～2150 ℃
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91100789 CN1018850B (en) | 1991-02-09 | 1991-02-09 | Method for making cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91100789 CN1018850B (en) | 1991-02-09 | 1991-02-09 | Method for making cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1055016A true CN1055016A (en) | 1991-10-02 |
| CN1018850B CN1018850B (en) | 1992-10-28 |
Family
ID=4904818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91100789 Expired CN1018850B (en) | 1991-02-09 | 1991-02-09 | Method for making cathod carbon block used in aluminium electrolytic bath |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1018850B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102924103A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 四川广汉士达炭素股份有限公司 | Carbon brick, and production method and application of carbon brick |
| CN103374730A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-10-30 | 夏华松 | Wettable cathode cylinder with crystal graphite as plastid and production method thereof |
| CN105420758A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-23 | 宁夏宁平炭素有限责任公司 | Preparing method for whole-coal carbon block cathodes |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101306949B (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2011-05-11 | 四川启明星铝业有限责任公司 | Charcoal blocks with semi- graphitic side part for electrolyzing aluminium and production process thereof |
-
1991
- 1991-02-09 CN CN 91100789 patent/CN1018850B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103374730A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-10-30 | 夏华松 | Wettable cathode cylinder with crystal graphite as plastid and production method thereof |
| CN102924103A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 四川广汉士达炭素股份有限公司 | Carbon brick, and production method and application of carbon brick |
| CN105420758A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-23 | 宁夏宁平炭素有限责任公司 | Preparing method for whole-coal carbon block cathodes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1018850B (en) | 1992-10-28 |
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