CN105499907B - A kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy - Google Patents
A kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105499907B CN105499907B CN201610038067.3A CN201610038067A CN105499907B CN 105499907 B CN105499907 B CN 105499907B CN 201610038067 A CN201610038067 A CN 201610038067A CN 105499907 B CN105499907 B CN 105499907B
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
- B23P9/025—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling to inner walls of holes by using axially moving tools
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy, belong to field of machining.The device is made up of adjusting means, axial workpiece center height regulating device, automatic detection device, hydraulic loading device and the hydraulic control portion of the loading steel ball of variable-diameter；The loading steel ball adjusting means and axial workpiece center height regulating device of variable-diameter are arranged on workbench by guide rail and sliding platform respectively；The loading steel ball adjusting means of variable-diameter is mainly made up of the extrusion head on guide rail, gear-box, loading hydraulic cylinder and ball-screw；Axial workpiece center height regulating device is made up of positioner and arrangement for adjusting height, and workpiece to be processed is adjusted by positioner and arrangement for adjusting height positioning；Automatic detection device is made up of upper computer control system, slave computer programmable controller PLC and servo controller.Instant invention overcomes costly, the problems such as scope of application is narrower of current axial workpiece finishing of internal diameter mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applied to solve the problem of center hole of shaft part finishing is costly, belongs to field of machining.
The axial workpiece of different-diameter centre bore and different external forms can be applied to.A kind of raising axial workpiece endoporus of the present invention
The device of machining accuracy is the loading steel ball that variable-diameter is extruded by hydraulic loading device, and by adjusting different-diameter axle class
The center of part is high, it is ensured that the central axis centering of the central axis and load bar of axial workpiece, realizes different-diameter axle class zero
The finishing of part centre bore.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for equipment manufacture industry, also increasingly increase turning round the demand of part of class, therefore to band
The axial workpiece demand for having endoporus also just increasingly increases.The method of traditional finishing of internal diameter mainly uses honing, fraising,
The methods such as polishing.But for the less axial workpiece in some apertures, then can only by way of fraising, but processing efficiency and
Processing cost is all higher.
At present, the processing mode of axial workpiece is mainly processed on numerically controlled lathe.The processing mode of centre bore is
Roughing is carried out by lathe, then finished by way of fraising or honing, in order to ensure machining accuracy and interior
The surface roughness in hole, and the special clamping of setting and positioning method are needed, not only processing cost is costly, and processing side
Formula is more complicated.Also there are some producers to improve inner hole precision by way of extruding carbonization wolfram steel pearl, reduce cost and processing
Time, but different steel balls are then needed for different apertures, therefore the scope of application is narrower.
Actual use operating mode of the invention according to hole machined in live axial workpiece, it is proposed that one kind is improved in axial workpiece
The device of hole machined precision, can be applied to the finishing of different-diameter axial workpiece.It is high in machining efficiency, it is applied widely, and
And processing cost is relatively low.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are overcome current axial workpiece finishing of internal diameter mode costly,
The problems such as scope of application is narrower.The invention provides a kind of loading head with variable-diameter, different type axial workpiece is adjusted
Center is high, a kind of device of raising axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy of function such as automatic measurement.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization, it is described with reference to the drawings as follows：
A kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy, by the adjusting means of the loading steel ball of variable-diameter, axle
Class Central of the parts height regulating device, automatic detection device, hydraulic loading device and hydraulic control portion composition, its feature exist
In：
The loading steel ball adjusting means and axial workpiece center height regulating device of the variable-diameter respectively by guide rail 27,
Fixed support block 16 and sliding platform 13 are arranged on workbench 26, and the loading steel ball adjusting means of the variable-diameter is main
It is made up of the extrusion head 17 on guide rail 27, gear-box 21, loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and ball-screw 32, the extrusion head 17
It is connected by connecting rod 20 with gear-box 21, the gear-box 21 is connected with loading hydraulic cylinder 25 by load bar 22, the tooth
Roller box 21 is slidably matched by being fixed on slide unit 30 with guide rail 27, and the loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is fixed on by supporting plate 24 leads
It is equipped with rail 27, on the load bar 22 on pull pressure sensor 23, the gear-box 21 and motor 28 is housed, the ball-screw
32 are fixed on guide rail 27 by screw block 33 and are connected with slide unit 30；The extrusion head 17, connecting rod 20, load bar 22, plus
The coaxial line of carrier fluid cylinder pressure 25 is installed；
The axial workpiece center height regulating device is made up of positioner and arrangement for adjusting height, workpiece to be processed 2 by
Positioner and arrangement for adjusting height carry out positioning respectively and height is adjusted；
Described automatic detection device is by upper computer control system, slave computer programmable controller PLC and servo controller
Composition；
Described slave computer programmable controller PLC is communicated by RS232 lines and upper industrial computer control system, descending side
It is connected to solenoid directional control valve, controls the start and stop of pumping plant, and solenoid directional control valve to provide liquid to loading hydraulic cylinder by control PLC
Force feed, and change the direction of feed of loading hydraulic cylinder.
The loading steel ball of the variable-diameter is made up of 3 extrusion heads 17 by 120 degree of angle distributions, the bottom of extrusion head 17
Portion is provided with the T-slot being slidably connected with the T-shaped boss in connecting rod 20, in order to prevent extrusion head 17 from skidding off, outside extrusion head 17
Portion is equipped with hold-down ring 18, and hold-down ring 18 is connected with extrusion head 17 by holddown spring 41, hold-down ring 18 by crossed strip 19 and
Gear-box 21 is connected.
The power of the loading steel ball of the variable-diameter is provided by loading hydraulic cylinder 25, and the loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is fixed on
In supporting plate 24, load bar 22 is promoted to move, load bar 22 is fixed on gear-box 21, and gear-box 21 is fixed on slide unit 30,
The two bottom sides of slide unit 30 are provided with guide rail slide block 31, and middle part is connected to ball-screw 32, and slide unit 30 is under the promotion of load bar 22
Level is slided on guide rail 27, drives ball-screw 32 to rotate, and sensor for countering is installed in the side of ball-screw 32, records slide unit
The distance of 30 movements.
The inside of extrusion head 17 is equipped with tapered rod 40, by adjusting position adjustments of the tapered rod 40 inside extrusion head 17
Load the diameter of steel ball；The tapered rod 40 coordinates with the gap of connecting rod 20, and half slot, tapered rod are provided with the afterbody of connecting rod 20
40 afterbodys are provided with the rack being engaged with the little gear 39 in gear-box 21；The little gear 39 is interior inside gear-box 21
On the output shaft of portion's motor 36, the motor internal 36 drives little gear 39 to move；Little gear 39 moves tapered rod with rack mating band
40 motions, T-shaped boss and the T-slot gap in connecting rod 20 of the bottom of extrusion head 17, which coordinate, ensures that tapered rod 40 promotes extrusion head
17 move along the T-shaped guide rail in connecting rod 20；Extrusion head 17 extrudes holddown spring 41, and the bottom of holddown spring 41 is equipped with pressure sensing
Device 42, is demarcated to pressure sensor 42, and the diameter for loading steel ball is read according to the numerical value of pressure sensor 42, sets pressure
The certain numerical value change scope of sensor 42, it is ensured that the diameter of steel ball changes within the specified range.
The gear-box 21 is built with intermeshing upper lower gear 37,38, and the gear 37 is in connecting rod 20
And transmission torque is coordinated by key, the lower gear 38 is driven by the motor 28 being fixed on motor base 29, drives connecting rod
20 rotate, and connecting rod 20 drives 3 extrusion heads 17 to rotate by T-shaped boss, by the position for changing gap between extrusion head 17
An extrusion process is carried out again afterwards, to eliminate influence of the gap to extrusion process.
The positioner is main by 13 groups of position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4, left wedge 9, right wedge 11 and sliding platform
Into the left wedge 9, right wedge 11 are fixed in fixed support block 16 and sliding platform 13 by screw rod 10 respectively, sliding
The rectangular boss of the bottom of moving platform 13 coordinates with the rectangular recess gap on workbench 26, realizes the horizontal position of right wedge 11
The regulation put, fixed support block 16 is fixed on workbench 26, and workpiece to be processed 2 is placed on left and right wedge 9,11 and is close to
The left plane of wedge 9, is fixed by compact heap 7 with fixing nut 8.
The position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixed on fixed support plate 5, and the fixed support plate 5 is fixed on workbench
On 26, the catch bar 6 being connected with position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected through fixed support block 16 with sliding platform 13, in right wedge shape
The right side of block 11 is equipped with position sensor, and right wedge 11, which moves to specified location and can realized, to be automatically stopped, and passes through start bit
Put the regulation that regulation hydraulic cylinder 4 realizes the horizontal level of right wedge 11.
The arrangement for adjusting height is made up of servomotor 14, cam 35, cored slab 12 and solid slab 34, the servo electricity
Machine 14 is fixed on sliding platform 13 by motor cabinet 15, the cored slab 12 fixed with right wedge 11 and with 34 sets of solid slab
Connect, the solid slab 34 and left wedge 9 are affixed, when unclamping all fixing nuts 8, the cam 35 is driven by servomotor 14
It is dynamic to be contacted with cored slab 12, realize that left and right wedge 9,11 and workpiece to be processed 2 are synchronized with the movement, realize that axial workpiece center is high
Whether regulation, the cam 35 contacts with cored slab 12, is judged by force snesor.
Described position sensor, sensor for countering and pull pressure sensor, by signal amplifier by the position loaded
Move and force feedback is to upper industrial computer, so that the real-time monitoring to real operating mode is realized, wherein on described loading hydraulic cylinder 25
Pull pressure sensor 23 need to show maximum, minimum value and the variance yields of measurement power in host computer interface, by this
Whether a little measurement parameters, feedback machining accuracy is overproof, if overproof, needs to change the position in steel ball space, then once squeezed
Pressure processing, is required until show value completes to specify.
The hydraulic loading device and hydraulic control portion are by position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4, loading hydraulic cylinder 25, choke valve
43rd, solenoid directional control valve 44, overflow valve 45, double-action variable displacement motor 46, hydralic pressure gauge 47, accumulator 48 and check valve 49 are constituted, described
Hydraulic control portion by accumulator 48 provide energy, the direction of motion and speed of loading hydraulic cylinder 25 are changed by electromagnetism respectively
It is controlled to valve 44 and choke valve 43；During extrusion process is carried out, if the pressure of the measurement of hydralic pressure gauge 47 is inadequate, by double
Extra pressure is provided to variable displacement motor 46；The movement velocity of the loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is adjusted by throttle grverning；Section
Stream valve 43 is connected in hydraulic circuit, and in parallel with the overflow valve 45 of an other branch road；Choke valve 43 and overflow valve 45 are suitable
Hindered in two liquid in parallel, if in the case that hydraulic pressure pump output flow is constant, entering loading hydraulic cylinder 25 by choke valve 43
Flow be Q1 and flow into the oil return box of overflow valve 45 flow be Q2 be by choke valve 43 and overflow valve 45 liquid resistance size determine
's；The openings of sizes of choke valve 43 is adjusted, then can adjust the movement velocity of loading hydraulic cylinder 25；The position adjustments hydraulic cylinder
4 change the direction of motion of position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4 by solenoid directional control valve 44, it is impossible to carry out loading velocity regulation.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. a kind of device of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy of the present invention is squeezed by the loading steel ball of variable-diameter
The bore area of pressure generation processing workpiece completes the finishing of axial workpiece endoporus, makes loading steel ball in by hydraulic loading device
The heart is moved freely in hole, and manufacturing procedure is simple, and process time is short, low manufacture cost.
, can be according to the axle classes zero of different center-hole diameters 2. the loading steel ball adjusting means of variable-diameter of the present invention
The size of part regulation loading steel ball size, realizes the extrusion process to different-diameter centre bore part.In order to eliminate loading steel ball
Diameter becomes the influence of big post gap, by rotating loading head, is reprocessed, it is ensured that machining accuracy.Embody this loading dress
The flexibility put and versatility.
3. the center height regulating device of axial workpiece of the present invention, can be applied to different external forms and the axle class zero of diameter
Part.The present invention realizes different types of axial workpiece positioning comprising two wedges and a two-dimensional positioning system.In wedge
Bottom sets the center of cam height adjusting means regulation different-diameter axial workpiece high, realizes the central axis and axle of load bar
Class Central of the parts axis centering.In order to ensure that the wedge of both sides can be synchronized with the movement in short transverse, horizontal direction is freely moved
It is dynamic, coordinated in the middle of two wedges by cored slab and solid sheet separation.
4. automatic detection device of the present invention, pressure sensing is installed by being loaded in loading hydraulic cylinder at steel ball
Device, according to pull pressure sensor in loading procedure, measures the precision for the fluctuation identification endoporus exerted oneself.Realize without dismantling workpiece
Measurement with regard to that can complete part, reduces workpiece because disqualified upon inspection needs to reinstall the time of processing.
5. hydraulic control portion of the present invention, can adjust the loading speed of load bar according to different processing requests
Degree, it is ensured that roughness and cylindricity of processing bore area etc. are required.
6. a kind of device of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy of the present invention is simple to operate, workpiece is installed conveniently, only
Need the central axis centering of the central axis and load bar of regulation axial workpiece.The installation workpiece time is short, and processing efficiency is obtained
It is significant to improve.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of axonometric projection for the integral arrangement for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is surveyed for a kind of axle of center height regulating device of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention and thrown
Shadow figure；
Fig. 3 adjusts for a kind of height of center height regulating device of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
Save schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is outside a kind of variable steel ball adjusting means of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
Axonometric projection graph；
Fig. 5 is a kind of variable steel ball adjusting means gear-box of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
Internal axonometric projection graph；
Fig. 6 is a kind of variable steel ball adjusting means extrusion head of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
The axonometric projection graph at position；
Fig. 7 is a kind of variable steel ball adjusting means extrusion head of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
The schematic diagram at position；
Fig. 8 is a kind of principle frame of the hydraulic control portion of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 9 is a kind of principle frame of the signal control portion of axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device of the present invention
Figure；
In figure：1. adjustable positioning device, 2. workpieces to be processed, 3. variable steel ball adjusting meanss, 4. position adjustments hydraulic cylinders,
5. fixed support plate, 6. catch bars, 7. compact heaps, 8. fixing nuts, 9. left wedges, 10. screw rods, 11. right wedges, 12.
Cored slab, 13. sliding platforms, 14. servomotors, 15. motor cabinets, 16. fixed support blocks, 17. extrusion heads, 18. hold-down rings,
19. crossed strip, 20. connecting rods, 21. gear-boxes, 22. load bars, 23. pull pressure sensor, 24. supporting plates, 25. loading liquid
Cylinder pressure, 26. workbenches, 27. guide rails, 28. motors, 29. motor bases, 30. slide units, 31. guide rail slide blocks, 32. ball-screws,
33. screw block, 34. solid slabs, 35. cams, 36. motor internals, 37. gears, 38. lower gears, 39. little gears, 40. tapers
Bar, 41. holddown springs, 42. pressure sensors, 43. choke valves, 44. solenoid directional control valves, 45. overflow valves, 46. bidirectional variable horses
Reach, 47. hydralic pressure gauges, 48. accumulators, 49. check valves.
Embodiment
The present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Refering to Fig. 1, a kind of axial workpiece bore finish machining device of the present invention includes variable-diameter loading steel ball and adjusted
Regulating device, axial workpiece center height regulating device, automatic detection device, hydraulic loading device and hydraulic control portion.This hair
The finishing of internal diameter of the axial workpiece of bright axial workpiece and different pore size suitable for different external forms.
First, variable-diameter loading steel ball adjusting means
Refering to shown in Fig. 4~7, the loading steel ball adjusting means of described variable-diameter is by extrusion head 17, and hold-down ring 18 is horizontal
To spring 19, connecting rod 20, gear-box 21, load bar 22, pull pressure sensor 23, supporting plate 24, loading hydraulic cylinder 25, work
Platform 26, guide rail 27, motor 28, motor base 29, slide unit 30, guide rail slide block 31, ball-screw 32, screw block 33, solid slab
34, cam 35, motor internal 36, gear 37, lower gear 38, little gear 39, tapered rod 40, holddown spring 41, pressure sensing
The grade of device 42 is constituted.
The loading steel ball of variable-diameter is made up of the extrusion head 17 at three 120 degree of angles, refering to Fig. 6, shown in Fig. 7, extrusion head
The T-slot of 17 bottoms is connected with connecting rod 20, extrusion head is slided along T-slot.In order to prevent extrusion head 17 from skidding off,
It is outside equipped with hold-down ring 18, and hold-down ring 18 is connected with extrusion head 17 by holddown spring 41.Hold-down ring 18 passes through crossed strip
19 are connected with gear-box 21.The inside of extrusion head 17 is contacted with tapered rod 40, and regulation tapered rod 40 can just adjust loading steel ball
Diameter.Refering to shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, tapered rod 40 coordinates with the gap of connecting rod 20, is provided with half slot in the afterbody of connecting rod 20, makes cone
The rack of the afterbody of shape bar 40 can coordinate with little gear 39.Motor internal 36 drives little gear 39 to move.Little gear 39 and rack
Mating band is moved tapered rod 40 and moved, and tapered rod 40 promotes extrusion head 17 to be moved along the T-shaped guide rail in connecting rod 20.Extrusion head 17 is squeezed
Holddown spring 41 is pressed, holddown spring bottom is equipped with pressure sensor 42, pressure sensor 42 is demarcated, then can be according to pressure
The numerical value of force snesor 42 reads the diameter of loading steel ball.When loading the diameter change of steel ball, existed between 3 extrusion heads 17
Gap, in order to eliminate influence of the gap to extrusion process, refering to shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6.Motor 28 is fixed on motor base 29, and
Drive lower gear 38 to move, lower gear 38 is engaged with gear 37, and gear 37 coordinates with connecting rod 20, turned by key transmission
Square, drives connecting rod 20 to rotate, and connecting rod 20 drives 3 extrusion heads 17 to rotate by T-shaped boss.By said process, change
Carry out an extrusion process process between extrusion head 17 behind the position in gap again.
As shown in fig.4, the power of the loading steel ball of variable-diameter is provided by loading hydraulic cylinder 25.Loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is consolidated
It is scheduled in supporting plate 24, centre is equipped with force snesor and promotes load bar 22 to move.Load bar 22 is fixed on gear-box 21, tooth
Roller box 21 is fixed on slide unit 30, and the bottom two ends of slide unit 30 are connected to guide rail slide block 31, and middle part is connected to ball-screw 32.
Therefore slide unit 30 level can be slided under the promotion of load bar 22 on guide rail 27, drive ball-screw 32 to rotate.In ball wire
The side of thick stick 32 is installed by sensor for countering, the distance that record slide unit 30 is moved.As shown in fig.1, completing to extrude in loading steel ball
Cheng Shi, hold-down ring 18 is close to the surface of workpiece to be processed 2, and extruding is fixed on the crossed strip 19 on gear-box 21.When extruding adds
After the completion of work, when loading steel ball leaves workpiece to be processed 2, crossed strip 19 drives hold-down ring 18 to return to specified location.
2nd, axial workpiece center height regulating device
Refering to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the axial workpiece center height regulating device includes positioner and arrangement for adjusting height
Composition.By position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4, fixed support plate 5, catch bar 6, compact heap 7, fixing nut 8, left wedge 9, screw rod
10, right wedge 11, cored slab 12, sliding platform 13, servomotor 14, motor cabinet 15, fixed support block 16, solid slab 34,
The grade of cam 35 is constituted.The fixing nut 8 on screw rod 10 is turned on, compact heap 7 is rotated along screw rod 10, workpiece to be processed 2 is placed
Onto right wedge 11 and left wedge 9.And workpiece to be processed 2 is close in the left plane of wedge 9, left wedge 9 passes through spiral shell
Bar is connected with fixed support block 16, and fixed support block 16 is fixed on workbench 26.Open position adjusts hydraulic cylinder 4, drives
Catch bar 6 is moved, and catch bar 6 is connected through fixed support block 16 with sliding platform 13, the rectangular boss of the bottom of sliding platform 13
Coordinate with the rectangular recess gap on workbench 26, sliding platform 13 is connected by screw rod with right wedge 11, realizes right wedge
The regulation of the horizontal level of shape block 11.Position sensor is housed on the right side of right wedge 11, right wedge 11 moves to specified
Position can be realized and be automatically stopped.Servomotor 14 is moved with moving cam 35, cam 35 is contacted with cored slab 12.Servomotor
14 are arranged on motor cabinet 15, and centre is equipped with force snesor, judges whether cam 35 contacts with cored slab 12.Unclamp institute on screw rod
Some nuts, are again started up servomotor 14 and are moved with moving cam 35, and cam 35 promotes cored slab 12 to move, cored slab 12 and the right side
Wedge 11 is fixed and is connected with solid slab 34, and solid slab 34 and left wedge 9 are affixed, realize right wedge 11 and left wedge
9 are synchronized with the movement.Left wedge 9 promotes workpiece to be processed 2 to move with right wedge 11, realizes the high regulation in axial workpiece center.
3rd, automatic detection device
As shown in fig.9, described automatic detection device includes upper computer control system, slave computer programmable controller
PLC, servo controller composition.
Described the next programmable controller PLC is communicated by RS232 lines and upper industrial computer control system, down direction
It is connected with solenoid directional control valve, the start and stop of pumping plant is controlled by controlling solenoid directional control valve and hydraulic oil are provided to loading hydraulic cylinder,
And change the direction of feed of loading hydraulic cylinder.
Described position sensor, sensor for countering and pull pressure sensor, by signal amplifier by the position loaded
Move and force feedback is to upper industrial computer.So as to realize the real-time monitoring to real operating mode.On wherein described loading hydraulic cylinder 25
Pull pressure sensor 23 need to show maximum, minimum value and the variance yields of measurement power in host computer interface.By this
Whether a little measurement parameters, feedback machining accuracy is overproof.If overproof, need to change the position in steel ball space, then once squeezed
Pressure processing, is required until show value completes to specify.
4th, hydraulic loading device and hydraulic control
As shown in fig.8, described hydraulic loading device and hydraulic control portion load liquid by position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4
Cylinder pressure 25, choke valve 43, solenoid directional control valve 44, overflow valve 45, double-action variable displacement motor 46, hydralic pressure gauge 47, accumulator 48, check valve
49 grades are constituted.
Described hydraulic control portion mainly provides energy, the direction of motion and speed of loading hydraulic cylinder 25 by accumulator 48
Degree is controlled by solenoid directional control valve 44 and choke valve 43 respectively.During extrusion process is carried out, if hydralic pressure gauge 47 is measured
Pressure it is inadequate when, extra pressure is provided by double-action variable displacement motor 46.The movement velocity of described loading hydraulic cylinder 25 passes through
Throttle grverning is adjusted.Choke valve 43 is connected in hydraulic circuit, and in parallel with the overflow valve 45 of an other branch road.Throttling
Valve 43 and overflow valve 45 hinder equivalent to two liquid in parallel, if in the case that hydraulic pressure pump output flow is constant, by choke valve 43
Flow into loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is Q1 and to flow into the flow of the oil return box of overflow valve 45 be that Q2 is by choke valve 43 and overflow valve
What the size of 45 liquid resistance was determined.The openings of sizes of choke valve 43 is adjusted, then can adjust the movement velocity of loading hydraulic cylinder 25.
Described position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4 changes the direction of motion of position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4 by solenoid directional control valve 44, it is impossible to carry out
Loading velocity is adjusted.
A kind of operation principle for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy device：
First, workpiece to be processed 2 is installed on adjustable positioning device 1, passes through left wedge 9, right wedge 11 and fixed
Bit plane completes the positioning of workpiece to be processed 2, and adjusts by position adjustments hydraulic cylinder 4 position of right wedge 11.Startup is watched
Motor 14 is taken, cam 35 is taken to and moves, cam 35 promotes left wedge 9 and right wedge 11 to move, workpiece to be processed 2 is completed
The centering regulation of axis and loading steel ball center line.Then nut is tightened, compact heap 7 is compressed workpiece to be processed 2.Adjustment is variable
The motor internal 36 of steel ball adjusting means 3 drives tapered rod 40 to move, and the extruding extrusion head 17 of tapered rod 40 changes the size of steel ball,
Then promote load bar 22 to move by loading hydraulic cylinder 25, steel ball squeezed into after the endoporus specified location of workpiece to be processed 2 and extracted,
The extrusion process that loading hydraulic cylinder 25 completes an endoporus can be opened again.The maximum for the measurement power that read-out display shows and most
Small value, if inspection is qualified, finally unclamps compact heap 7, takes out workpiece.For same workpiece, the size and center high of steel ball are put
Only need to regulation once.It is easy to operate, it will examine with process a to procedure, operating efficiency is high.
Heretofore described embodiment is it will be appreciated that and using this hair for the ease of the those skilled in the art
It is bright, a kind of a kind of present invention simply embodiment of optimization, or perhaps preferably specific technical scheme, therefore the invention is not restricted to
Implement a kind of this description of more specific technical scheme.If related technical staff is adhering to basic technical scheme of the present invention
In the case of make need not move through creative work equivalent structure change or it is various modification it is all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy, by adjusting means, the axle class of the loading steel ball of variable-diameter
Central of the parts height regulating device, automatic detection device, hydraulic loading device and hydraulic control portion composition, it is characterised in that：
The loading steel ball adjusting means and axial workpiece center height regulating device of the variable-diameter are respectively by guide rail (27), solid
Determine support block (16) and sliding platform (13) is arranged on workbench (26), the loading steel ball adjusting means of the variable-diameter
Mainly by the extrusion head (17) on guide rail (27), gear-box (21), loading hydraulic cylinder (25) and ball-screw (32) group
Into the extrusion head (17) is connected by connecting rod (20) with gear-box (21), the gear-box (21) and loading hydraulic cylinder
(25) connected by load bar (22), the gear-box (21) is slidably matched by being fixed on slide unit (30) with guide rail (27),
The loading hydraulic cylinder (25) is fixed on guide rail (27) by supporting plate (24), is passed on the load bar (22) equipped with pressure
Motor (28) is housed, the ball-screw (32) is fixed on by screw block (33) leads on sensor (23), the gear-box (21)
It is connected on rail (27) and with slide unit (30)；The extrusion head (17), connecting rod (20), load bar (22), loading hydraulic cylinder (25)
Coaxial line is installed；
The axial workpiece center height regulating device is made up of positioner and arrangement for adjusting height, and workpiece to be processed (2) is by fixed
Position device and arrangement for adjusting height carry out positioning respectively and height is adjusted；
Described automatic detection device is made up of upper computer control system, slave computer programmable controller PLC and servo controller；
Described slave computer programmable controller PLC is communicated by RS232 lines and upper industrial computer control system, down direction with
Solenoid directional control valve is connected, and controls the start and stop of pumping plant, and solenoid directional control valve to give and add by controlling slave computer programmable controller PLC
Carrier fluid cylinder pressure provides hydraulic oil, and changes the direction of feed of loading hydraulic cylinder.
2. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The loading steel ball of the variable-diameter is made up of 3 extrusion heads (17) by 120 degree of angle distributions, extrusion head (17) bottom
Portion is provided with the T-slot being slidably connected with the T-shaped boss in connecting rod (20), in order to prevent extrusion head (17) from skidding off, in extrusion head
(17) outside that hold-down ring (18) is housed, hold-down ring (18) is connected with extrusion head (17) by holddown spring (41), hold-down ring (18)
It is connected by crossed strip (19) with gear-box (21).
3. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：
The power of the loading steel ball of the variable-diameter is provided by loading hydraulic cylinder (25), and the loading hydraulic cylinder (25) is fixed on
In supporting plate (24), load bar (22) motion is promoted, load bar (22) is fixed on gear-box (21), and gear-box (21) is fixed on
On slide unit (30), slide unit (30) two bottom sides are provided with guide rail slide block (31), and middle part is connected to ball-screw (32), slide unit
(30) level is slided on guide rail (27) under load bar (22) promotion, drives ball-screw (32) to rotate, in ball-screw
(32) sensor for countering, the mobile distance of record slide unit (30) are installed in side.
4. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：
Tapered rod (40) is housed, by adjusting tapered rod (40) in the internal position of extrusion head (17) inside the extrusion head (17)
The diameter of regulation loading steel ball；The tapered rod (40) coordinates with connecting rod (20) gap, and half is provided with connecting rod (20) afterbody
Circular groove, tapered rod (40) afterbody is provided with the rack being engaged with the little gear (39) in gear-box (21)；The little gear (39)
On internal motor internal (36) output shaft of gear-box (21), the motor internal (36) drives little gear (39) motion；
Little gear (39) is moved on tapered rod (40) motion, the T-shaped boss and connecting rod (20) of extrusion head (17) bottom with rack mating band
T-slot gap coordinate ensure tapered rod (40) promote extrusion head (17) along in connecting rod (20) T-shaped guide rail move；Extrusion head
(17) extruding holddown spring (41), holddown spring (41) bottom is equipped with pressure sensor (42), and pressure sensor (42) is carried out
Demarcation, the diameter for loading steel ball, the certain numerical value of setting pressure sensor (42) are read according to the numerical value of pressure sensor (42)
Excursion, it is ensured that the diameter of steel ball changes within the specified range.
5. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The gear-box (21) is mounted in connecting rod built with intermeshing upper lower gear (37,38), the gear (37)
(20) transmission torque is coordinated on and by key, the lower gear (38) is driven by the motor (28) being fixed on motor base (29)
It is dynamic, drive connecting rod (20) to rotate, connecting rod (20) drives 3 extrusion heads (17) to rotate by T-shaped boss, extruded by changing
An extrusion process is carried out again behind the position in gap between head (17), to eliminate influence of the gap to extrusion process.
6. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The positioner is main by position adjustments hydraulic cylinder (4), left wedge (9), right wedge (11) and sliding platform
(13) constitute, the left wedge (9), right wedge (11) are fixed on fixed support block (16) and sliding by screw rod (10) respectively
On moving platform (13), the rectangular boss and the rectangular recess gap on workbench (26) of sliding platform (13) bottom coordinate, real
The regulation of the horizontal level of existing right wedge (11), fixed support block (16) is fixed on workbench (26), workpiece to be processed
(2) it is placed on left and right wedge (9,11) and is close to left wedge (9) plane, it is solid with fixing nut (8) by compact heap (7)
It is fixed.
7. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The position adjustments hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixed on fixed support plate (5), and the fixed support plate (5) is fixed on work and put down
On platform (26), the catch bar (6) being connected with position adjustments hydraulic cylinder (4) connects through fixed support block (16) with sliding platform (13)
Connect, position sensor is housed on the right side of right wedge (11), right wedge (11), which moves to specified location, can realize automatically
Stop, by starting the regulation that position adjustments hydraulic cylinder (4) realizes the horizontal level of right wedge (11).
8. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The arrangement for adjusting height is made up of servomotor (14), cam (35), cored slab (12) and solid slab (34), described to watch
Take motor (14) to be fixed on sliding platform (13) by motor cabinet (15), the cored slab (12) is fixed with right wedge (11)
And be socketed with solid slab (34), the solid slab (34) and left wedge (9) are affixed, when unclamping all fixing nut (8), institute
State cam (35) to be contacted with cored slab (12) by servomotor (14) driving, realize left and right wedge (9,11) and workpiece to be processed
(2) it is synchronized with the movement, realizes the high regulation in axial workpiece center, whether the cam (35) contacts with cored slab (12), passes through power
Sensor judges.
9. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
Described position sensor, sensor for countering and pull pressure sensor, by signal amplifier by the displacement loaded and
Upper industrial computer is given in force feedback, so that the real-time monitoring to real operating mode is realized, wherein on described loading hydraulic cylinder (25)
Pull pressure sensor (23) needs to show maximum, minimum value and the variance yields of measurement power in host computer interface, by this
Whether a little measurement parameters, feedback machining accuracy is overproof, if overproof, needs to change the position in steel ball space, then once squeezed
Pressure processing, is required until show value completes to specify.
10. a kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The hydraulic loading device and hydraulic control portion are by position adjustments hydraulic cylinder (4), loading hydraulic cylinder (25), choke valve
(43), solenoid directional control valve (44), overflow valve (45), double-action variable displacement motor (46), hydralic pressure gauge (47), accumulator (48) and check valve
(49) constitute, described hydraulic control portion provides energy by accumulator (48), the direction of motion of loading hydraulic cylinder (25) and
Speed is controlled by solenoid directional control valve (44) and choke valve (43) respectively；During extrusion process is carried out, if hydralic pressure gauge
(47) when the pressure of measurement is inadequate, extra pressure is provided by double-action variable displacement motor (46)；The fortune of the loading hydraulic cylinder (25)
Dynamic speed is adjusted by throttle grverning；Choke valve (43) is connected in hydraulic circuit, and with the overflow of an other branch road
Valve (45) is in parallel；Choke valve (43) and overflow valve (45) hinder equivalent to two liquid in parallel, if hydraulic pressure pump output flow is constant
In the case of, it is Q1 and the flow for flowing into overflow valve (45) oil return box to enter the flow of loading hydraulic cylinder (25) by choke valve (43)
For Q2 determined by the size of the liquid resistance of choke valve (43) and overflow valve (45)；The openings of sizes of choke valve (43) is adjusted, then
The movement velocity of loading hydraulic cylinder (25) can be adjusted；The position adjustments hydraulic cylinder (4) is changed by solenoid directional control valve (44)
The direction of motion of position adjustments hydraulic cylinder (4), it is impossible to carry out loading velocity regulation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610038067.3A CN105499907B (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2016-01-21 | A kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610038067.3A CN105499907B (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2016-01-21 | A kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy |
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| CN105499907A CN105499907A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105499907B true CN105499907B (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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| CN201610038067.3A Expired - Fee Related CN105499907B (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2016-01-21 | A kind of device for improving axial workpiece endoporus machining accuracy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106112089B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-03-27 | 无锡先导智能装备股份有限公司 | The knife rack driving mechanism of banding machine |
| CN107228629B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2023-06-30 | 青岛理工大学 | High pair contact sliding-rolling ratio oil film thickness and friction force simultaneous measurement simulation device |
| CN108058077A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-05-22 | 安徽派日特智能装备有限公司 | A kind of internal pressure vessel walls grinding apparatus |
| CN113953601A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-21 | 东台市欧力传动部件有限公司 | Cutting machine suitable for processing of sliding table parts |
| CN114535980A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-27 | 山东信息职业技术学院 | High-precision extrusion device for assembling large parts |
| CN117798676A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-02 | 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院) | Multi-stage adjustment micro rolling device for shaft parts for lathe |
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| US6017489A (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 2000-01-25 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Method of densifying powder metal preforms |
| US7375277B1 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2008-05-20 | Fatigue Technology, Inc. | Double flanged bushings and installation methods |
| JP5608248B2 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2014-10-15 | 本田金属技術株式会社 | Tapered drilling method for suspension parts |
| DE102012010793A1 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-05 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Forming tool for expanding an opening with a Aufweitvorrrichtung |
| CN104874974A (en) * | 2014-03-01 | 2015-09-02 | 四川航达机电技术开发服务中心 | Tapered inner hole rolling press device |
| CN204019054U (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-12-17 | 鄂州万利机械有限公司 | A kind of cylinder inner bore floats Burnishing process device |
| CN205600225U (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-09-28 | 吉林大学 | Improve device of axle type part hole machining precision |
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