CN105486750A - Railway vehicle axle phased array ultrasonic flaw detection platform - Google Patents
Railway vehicle axle phased array ultrasonic flaw detection platform Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a railway vehicle axle phased array ultrasonic flaw detection platform. The railway vehicle axle phased array ultrasonic flaw detection platform comprises a lathe bed, an axle clamping device, s spindle drive transmission mechanism, a detection mechanism, a coupling agent spraying device, a control mechanism and a phased array flaw detector, wherein the detection mechanism can enable a phased array probe to move along the axial direction and the radial direction of a to-be-detected axle under the driving of an axial detection component and a radial detection component according to the control of a controller, so as to realize ultrasonic flaw detection on axle segments with different lengths and diameters. The flaw detection platform provided by the invention can perform comprehensive and automatic flaw detection on solid axles and hollow axles of various specifications of current railway vehicles, the flaw detection speed is fast, the automation degree is high, the coverage range is comprehensive, and a higher detection degree is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection platform, a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform, belongs to field of non destructive testing specifically.
Background technology
Axletree is the key stressed member in rail vehicle running part, it had both born load (tractive force applied in traveling, damping force from car body,) bear again additional load in the traveling that causes of track injustice, it is the part of a stressed complexity, therefore, axletree is easy to produce fatigure failure equivalent damage.Also specify in national standard that after rail vehicle travels certain mileage number, tackle axletree carries out ultrasonic inspection.The classic method of ultrasonic inspection for axle arranges the angle probe of multiple ordinary straight probe or different angles, this method needs the quantity of probe many, process is loaded down with trivial details, and ultrasonic beam is difficult to cover whole axletree, easily occurs undetected; Also there are some other ultrasonic inspection platforms in recent years, as the requirement for meeting different-diameter shaft part, the probe of multiple different radian is arranged on a probe bracket, when detecting, probe moves along axletree bus with probe bracket, when detecting the shaft part of different-diameter, stretch out corresponding probe, it is higher that this flaw platform compares classic method automaticity, substantially increase detection efficiency, but it still needs to organize probe more, cannot be general to the axletree of different size.
Chinese patent CN103760237A discloses a kind of hollow shaft ultrasonic flaw detection device, adopt push-and-pull bar type structure, probe is stretched in hollow axis hole and carries out carrying out flaw detection, these class methods are only applicable to tubular shaft, and the existing tubular shaft of current track vehicle in-use automotive axle also has solid shaft, therefore can not all be suitable for.Chinese patent CN202870036U discloses a kind of phased array ultrasonic detection device of solid axle, phased-array ultrasonic probe is arranged respectively at axle end face and axle journal position, be difficult to the comprehensive covering accomplishing sound wave, and the axletree of different size is needed to redesign the position arranging probe, versatility is poor.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect, the key technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform, this flaw platform can carry out automatic flaw detection all sidedly to all size solid shaft of existing rail vehicle or tubular shaft, in conjunction with Figure of description, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform, comprises lathe bed 1, axletree clamping device, main shaft drives gear train, detection agency, couplant flusher, control gear and phased array defectoscope 2, it is characterized in that:
Described detection agency comprises axial detection assembly, radial probe assembly and probe assembly;
Described axial detection assembly is installed on lathe bed, drives servomotor and speed reduction unit 21 driving axial planker 3 to drive probe assembly along the axial slip of axletree 15 to be measured by axis wherein;
Described radial probe assembly is installed on described axial planker 3, drives radial planker 4 to drive probe assembly along the radial slippage of axletree 15 to be measured by radial drive servomotor wherein and speed reduction unit 29;
Described probe assembly is fixedly mounted on described radial planker.
Described axial detection assembly also comprises axial leading screw 24 and axial guidance 23; Described servomotor and the speed reduction unit 21 of axially driving is fixed on lathe bed 1 end, and drives with the axial leading screw 24 being fixed on lathe bed 1 side and be connected; Described axial guidance 23 level is installed on lathe bed 1, and described axial guidance 23 and described axial leading screw 24 all axially be arranged in parallel along axletree 15 to be measured; Described axial planker 3 is connected with described axial leading screw 24 is supporting by silk braid, and described axial planker 3 is slidably connected with described axial guidance 23 by the axial slider 28 installed bottom it.
Described radial probe assembly also comprises radial leading screw 26 and radial guidance 27; Described radial drive servomotor and speed reduction unit 29 are installed on axial planker 3 end, and drive with the radial leading screw 26 be fixed on axial planker 3 and be connected; Described radial guidance 27 level is installed on axial planker 3, and described radial guidance 27 and described radial leading screw 26 are all along the radial parallel setting of axletree 15 to be measured; Described radial planker 4 is connected with described radial leading screw 26 is supporting by silk braid, and described radial planker 4 is slidably connected with described radial guidance 27 by the radial slider 25 of installing bottom it.
Described control gear and detection agency control linkage, control detection agency along axletree 15 axis to be measured or radial motion;
Described control gear comprises the angle of eccentricity scrambler be positioned on spindle motor 8, be positioned at and axially drive the axial planker angle-position encoder on servomotor, the radial planker angle-position encoder be positioned on radial drive servomotor, the axial location range sensor be positioned on axial planker 3, be positioned at radial position range sensor on radial planker 4 and controller 6;
Described axial location range sensor and the collection of radial position range sensor are axially and radial position information be delivered to described controller 6; Described controller judges and decision-making according to the positional information received, drives spindle motor 8, axially driving servomotor and the running of radial drive servomotor, and then drives main axis, axial planker 3 and radial planker 4 to move; Each scrambler record rotatable phase information also feeds back to controller 6.
Phased array probe 10 in described probe assembly is flexible phase array transducer, and the phase delay of launching ultrasonic signal by controlling each array element of described flexible phase array transducer controls the deflection angle of acoustic beam on surface level and vertical plane.
Described couplant flusher comprises catch box 14, conduit 12, water pump 13 and shower nozzle 11, described catch box 14 is fixed on described axial planker 3 side, one end of described conduit 12 is stretched into bottom catch box 14, the other end is connected with shower nozzle 11 by water pump 13, described shower nozzle 11 points to axletree 15 to be measured obliquely, described axial planker is provided with the U-type groove of leading to catch box 14, realizes the recycling of couplant.
Described phased array defectoscope 2 adopts the display mode of C scan image, presents on a display screen by the internal image of axletree 15 to be measured, can store, waveform playback and data, automatic display defect echo position.
Described axletree clamping device comprises scroll chuck 9 and tailstock 18, and scroll chuck 9 is connected to the output terminal of main shaft drives gear train; Tailstock 18 is provided with handwheel 19, top 16 and lockable mechanism 17, is installed on lathe bed 1 tailstock guide 20, by the axial location of rotation hand wheel adjustment tailstock 18.
Described main shaft drives gear train comprises and is fixed on spindle motor 8 on lathe bed 1 and main shaft worm gear reducer 7, drives axletree 15 to be measured to rotate.
Described lathe bed 1 adopts angle steel skeleton, and Facing material is steel plate, and is fixed on the ground by foot bolt 22.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Flaw platform of the present invention can carry out automatic flaw detection all sidedly to the solid shaft of existing rail vehicle all size, tubular shaft, and inspection speed is fast, automaticity is high, coverage is comprehensive, have higher detection accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform front of the present invention three-dimensional view;
Fig. 2 is the rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform back side of the present invention three-dimensional view;
Fig. 3 is the front view of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the detection agency magnified partial view in rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the main shaft drives gear train enlarged drawing in rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structure composition frame chart of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the detection agency motion schematic diagram in rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform of the present invention.
In figure:
1-lathe bed; 2-phased array defectoscope; 3-axial planker; 4-radial planker; 5-probe bracket; 6-controller; 7-main shaft turbine reducer casing; 8-spindle motor; 9-scroll chuck; 10-phased array probe; 11-shower nozzle; 12-conduit; 13-water pump; 14-catch box; 15-axletree to be measured; 16-top; 17-lockable mechanism; 18-tailstock; 19-handwheel; 20-tailstock guide; 21-axially drive servomotor and speed reduction unit; 22-foot bolt; 23-axial guidance; 24-axial leading screw; 25-radial slider; 26-radial leading screw; 27-radial guidance; 28-axial slider; 29-radial drive servomotor and speed reduction unit.
Embodiment
Below by Figure of description and embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, the invention discloses a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform, comprise lathe bed 1, axletree clamping device, main shaft drives gear train, detection agency, couplant flusher, control gear, phased array defectoscope 2 and related fittings;
The basis that described lathe bed 1 is installed as all the other each parts and accepted, adopt angle steel skeleton, its body surfaces is made up of steel plate, and adopts foot bolt 22 to fix on the ground;
As shown in Figure 6, described main shaft drives gear train comprises and is fixed on spindle motor 8 on lathe bed 1 and main shaft worm gear reducer 7, rotates for driving axletree to be measured.
Described axletree clamping device comprises scroll chuck 9 and tailstock 18, scroll chuck 9 is connected to the output terminal of main shaft turbine reducer casing 7, treat measuring car axle 15 on the one hand to position and clamp, be used for the rotary motion of reduction gearing in reducer casing to pass to axletree 15 to be measured on the other hand; Tailstock 18 is with handwheel 19, top 16 and lockable mechanism 17, be installed on the tailstock guide 20 of lathe bed, for the axletree of different length, adjust the axial location of tailstock 18 by rotation hand wheel 19, and fixed by lockable mechanism 17, hold out against axletree 15 to be measured to make top 16.
Described detection agency is made up of axial detection assembly, radial probe assembly and probe assembly.
As shown in Figure 5, axial detection assembly comprises axial planker 3, axial leading screw 24, axial guidance 23 and axially drives servomotor and speed reduction unit 21.
Radial to probe assembly radial planker 4, axial leading screw 24, radial leading screw 26, radial guidance 27 and radial drive servomotor and speed reduction unit 29.
Probe assembly comprises probe bracket 5 and phased array probe 10.
Described servomotor and the speed reduction unit 21 of axially driving is fixed on the side plate of lathe bed 1 tail end, be connected with axial leading screw 24, described axial planker 3 side is fixed with the silk braid matched with it, bottom axial planker 3, the one group of axial slider 28 matched with axial guidance 23 is housed, described axial guidance 23 is bolted on the both sides of lathe bed 1 upper surface.
Described radial drive servomotor and speed reduction unit 29 are arranged on axial planker 3, be connected with radial leading screw 26, the silk braid matched with it is fixed with bottom described radial planker 4, bottom radial planker 4, the one group of radial slider 25 matched with radial guidance 27 is also housed, described radial guidance 27 is bolted on the both sides of axial planker 3 upper surface.
Described probe bracket 5 is bolted on radial planker 4, and phased array probe 10 is arranged on probe bracket 5.
Described phased array probe 10 adopts flexible phase array transducer.The phase delay of launching ultrasonic signal by controlling each array element of transducer controls the deflection angle of acoustic beam on surface level and vertical plane.Traditional ultrasonic transducer is rigid structure, for ensureing that ultrasonic transducer contacts with surface of the work is seamless, the ultrasonic transducer of different curvature must be adopted when detecting the shaft part of the different diameter of axle, therefore the ultrasonic transducer that an axletree often needs more than 4 kinds is detected, the present invention adopts flexible phase array transducer, can be movable relatively between each array element, as long as described flexible phase array transducer is compressed slightly to axletree surface, just naturally can fit with axletree surface, therefore only need employing flexible phase array transducer can detect the shaft part of different-diameter.
Described detection agency can according to the control of controller, make axially to drive servomotor and radial drive servomotor to drive axial leading screw 24 and radial leading screw 26 to operate, thus guide rail 23 and radial guidance 27 move vertically respectively to drive axial planker 3 and radial planker 4, thus make the probe bracket 5 be fixed on radial planker 4 drive phased array probe 10 along the axis of axletree 15 to be measured and radial motion, ultrasonic inspection is carried out to the shaft part of different length and diameter;
As shown in Figure 7, described control gear comprises angle of eccentricity scrambler, axial planker angle-position encoder, radial planker angle-position encoder, axial location range sensor, radial position range sensor and controller 6, wherein angle of eccentricity scrambler is positioned on spindle motor 8, axial planker angle-position encoder is positioned at and axially drives on servomotor, radial planker angle-position encoder is positioned on radial drive servomotor, axial location range sensor is positioned on axial planker 3, and radial position range sensor is positioned on radial planker 4.Described axial location range sensor and the collection of radial position range sensor are axially and radial position information be delivered to host controller 6, controller 6 judges and decision-making according to the positional information received, drives spindle motor, axially driving servomotor and the running of radial drive servomotor, drive spindle operation, axial planker 3 and radial planker 4 to move, thus produce the scanning campaign of probe to axletree.Each scrambler record rotatable phase information also feeds back to controller 6.
Described phased array defectoscope adopts the display mode of C scan image, the internal image of axletree 15 to be measured is presented on a display screen, and can freely store, waveform playback and data, automatic display defect echo position.
Described Harmless flaw platform can carry out automatic flaw detection to the solid shaft of existing rail vehicle all size, tubular shaft.
As shown in Figure 5, described couplant flusher comprises catch box 14, conduit 12, water pump 13 and shower nozzle 11, catch box 14 is fixed on axial planker 3 side, conduit 12 end stretches into bottom catch box 14, the other end is connected with shower nozzle 11 by water pump 13, shower nozzle 11 points to axletree 15 to be measured obliquely, and axial planker 3 is provided with the U-type groove of leading to catch box 14, makes couplant can automatically flow back to catch box recycling through this groove.
As shown in Figure 8, the specific works process adopting the present invention to carry out nondestructive examination to axletree is as follows:
1, data call process;
First start rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform, the control panel of controller 6 inputs the model of axletree 15 to be measured, and control system is by the dimensional data of Automatically invoked respective model axletree.
2, axletree clamping process;
Axletree 15 to be measured is positioned on rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform, one end is located by scroll chuck 9, is clamped, handwheel 19 subsequently on rotating tailstock 18, tailstock 18 is slided on tailstock guide 20, until the other end of the tight axletree in top top 16, finally controlling lockable mechanism 17 makes the position of tailstock 18 fix, and clamping process is complete.
3, axletree flaw detection process;
1) axial location range sensor detection axis is to the position signalling of planker 3, radial position range sensor detects the position signalling of radial planker 4, the range data detected all is passed to host controller 6 by the two, the dimensional data of the axletree to be measured 15 called in the data received and the above-mentioned first step compares by controller 6, calculate the axial location of now phased array probe 10 and the radial distance of phased array probe 10 and axletree 15 to be measured, and this distance transform is radially driven the corner of servomotor, steering order is sent to it, the radial planker angle-position encoder being positioned at radial drive servomotor inside feeds back corner information to controller 6, the result that this order performs is that phased array probe 10 moves radially until be close to axletree 15 to be measured surface,
2) controller controls axially to drive servomotor and speed reduction unit 21 to start running subsequently, phased array probe 10 is driven to detect this section of axletree, when there are the data that the diameter of axle changes in called axletree size, controller 6 controls axially to drive servomotor and speed reduction unit 21 to suspend running, and repeat above-mentioned 1) step process, treat that radial drive servomotor and speed reduction unit 29 drive radial planker 4 to adjust the radial position of phased array probe 10, until after phased array probe 10 and this section of axletree fit, servomotor and speed reduction unit 21 is axially driven to remain in operation, continue next shaft part of detection, until whole axletree detects complete.
4, couplant sprays process;
In the whole flaw detection process of above-mentioned 3rd step, the water pump 13 that controller 6 controls couplant flusher operates with axially driving together with servomotor and speed reduction unit 21, namely couplant is sprayed when phased array probe 10 detects axletree 15 to be measured vertically, when axially-movable stopping, phased array probe 10 adjust radial position, couplant does not spray.The running of water pump 13 makes the couplant in catch box 14 be sprayed onto on axletree 15 to be measured by conduit 12 and shower nozzle 11, and couplant, by being automatically full of the gap of phased array probe 10 with axletree 15 contact position to be measured, makes the better incident workpiece of ultrasonic beam.
5, the process of echoed signal and procedure for displaying;
In the whole flaw detection process of above-mentioned 3rd step, each array element that controller 6 controls flexible phase array transducer with the phase delay of certain rule to transmit and receive ultrasonic signal, thus control the deflection angle of acoustic beam, the ultrasonic beam of launching can reflect when running into surface of the work or inside workpiece defect, each array element receives ultrasound echo signal later through enlarge leadingly, programming amplifying, filtering, digitalized ultrasonic signal is obtained after the process such as A/D conversion, be sent to storer to store, and adopt C to scan display mode, inside workpiece cross-sectional image is presented on the display screen of phased array defectoscope 2.
Claims (10)
1. a rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform, comprise lathe bed (1), axletree clamping device, main shaft drives gear train, detection agency, couplant flusher, control gear and phased array defectoscope (2), it is characterized in that:
Described detection agency comprises axial detection assembly, radial probe assembly and probe assembly;
Described axial detection assembly is installed on lathe bed, drives servomotor and speed reduction unit (21) driving axial planker (3) to drive probe assembly along the axial slip of axletree to be measured (15) by axis wherein;
Described radial probe assembly is installed on described axial planker (3), drives radial planker (4) to drive probe assembly along the radial slippage of axletree to be measured (15) by radial drive servomotor wherein and speed reduction unit (29);
Described probe assembly is fixedly mounted on described radial planker.
2. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described axial detection assembly also comprises axial leading screw (24) and axial guidance (23); Described servomotor and the speed reduction unit (21) of axially driving is fixed on lathe bed (1) end, and drives with the axial leading screw (24) being fixed on lathe bed (1) side and be connected; Described axial guidance (23) level is installed on lathe bed (1), and described axial guidance (23) and described axial leading screw (24) all axially be arranged in parallel along axletree to be measured (15); Described axial planker (3) is connected with described axial leading screw (24) is supporting by silk braid, and described axial planker (3) is slidably connected with described axial guidance (23) by the axial slider (28) installed bottom it.
3. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that:
Described radial probe assembly also comprises radial leading screw (26) and radial guidance (27); Described radial drive servomotor and speed reduction unit (29) are installed on axial planker (3) end, and drive with the radial leading screw (26) be fixed on axial planker (3) and be connected; Described radial guidance (27) level is installed on axial planker (3), and described radial guidance (27) and described radial leading screw (26) are all along axletree to be measured (15) radial parallel setting; Described radial planker (4) is connected with described radial leading screw (26) is supporting by silk braid, and described radial planker (4) is slidably connected with described radial guidance (27) by the radial slider (25) of installing bottom it.
4. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described control gear and detection agency control linkage, control detection agency along axletree to be measured (15) axis or radial motion;
Described control gear comprises the angle of eccentricity scrambler be positioned on spindle motor (8), be positioned at and axially drive the axial planker angle-position encoder on servomotor, the radial planker angle-position encoder be positioned on radial drive servomotor, the axial location range sensor be positioned on axial planker (3), be positioned at radial position range sensor on radial planker (4) and controller (6);
Described axial location range sensor and the collection of radial position range sensor are axially and radial position information be delivered to described controller (6); Described controller judges and decision-making according to the positional information received, drives spindle motor (8), axially driving servomotor and the running of radial drive servomotor, and then drive main axis, axial planker (3) and radial planker (4) mobile; Each scrambler record rotatable phase information also feeds back to controller (6).
5. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Phased array probe (10) in described probe assembly is flexible phase array transducer, and the phase delay of launching ultrasonic signal by controlling each array element of described flexible phase array transducer controls the deflection angle of acoustic beam on surface level and vertical plane.
6. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described couplant flusher comprises catch box (14), conduit (12), water pump (13) and shower nozzle (11), described catch box (14) is fixed on described axial planker (3) side, catch box (14) bottom is stretched in one end of described conduit (12), the other end is connected with shower nozzle (11) by water pump (13), described shower nozzle (11) points to axletree to be measured (15) obliquely, described axial planker is provided with the U-type groove of leading to catch box (14), realizes the recycling of couplant.
7. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described phased array defectoscope (2) adopts the display mode of C scan image, presents on a display screen, can store, waveform playback and data by the internal image of axletree to be measured (15), automatic display defect echo position.
8. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described axletree clamping device comprises scroll chuck (9) and tailstock (18), and scroll chuck (9) is connected to the output terminal of main shaft drives gear train; Tailstock (18) is provided with handwheel (19), top (16) and lockable mechanism (17), be installed on lathe bed (1) tailstock guide (20), adjusted the axial location of tailstock (18) by rotation hand wheel.
9. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described main shaft drives gear train comprises and is fixed on spindle motor (8) on lathe bed (1) and main shaft worm gear reducer (7), drives axletree to be measured (15) to rotate.
10. a kind of rail vehicle axletree phased array supersonic flaw platform as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described lathe bed (1) adopts angle steel skeleton, and Facing material is steel plate, and is fixed on the ground by foot bolt (22).
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CN111693673A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-22 | 重庆快捷长征无损检测有限责任公司 | Monorail vehicle hollow shaft detection device that detects a flaw |
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