CN105481839B - A kind of preparation method of photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105481839B CN105481839B CN201510822732.3A CN201510822732A CN105481839B CN 105481839 B CN105481839 B CN 105481839B CN 201510822732 A CN201510822732 A CN 201510822732A CN 105481839 B CN105481839 B CN 105481839B
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- nitroimidazoline
- base amine
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- allyl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomer, belongs to optics drugs asymmetry catalysis synthesis technical field.This method synthesizes 1 pi-allyl N Nitroimidazolines, 2 base amine first, then synthesizes 1 (1,2 glycidyl) N Nitroimidazolines, 2 base amine enantiomer again.The weaker hydrogen of the resonant middle acidity of N nitro imido imidazolyl alkanes effectively can completely be removed using sodium hydride and be converted into sodium salt by the method for the present invention, and will not produce organic by-products；By asymmetric Epoxidation, the enantiomer product of left or right rotation can be respectively obtained with higher yield；The present invention can obtain the enantiomer product of high-purity, greatly improve the insecticidal activity of product, reduce the pollution to environment.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to optics drugs asymmetry catalysis synthesis technical field, and in particular to 1- (1,2- epoxies third
Base)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- bases amine (i.e. epoxy quinoline) enantiomer preparation method.
Background technology：
Epoxy quinoline is that the one kind to grow up on the basis of common pesticide imidacloprid is efficient, low toxic pesticide, at present
Progressively promoted in the crops such as cucumber, cotton, be that instead of the optimal kind of organophosphor, organochlorine insecticide.It is but main at present
The synthesis wanted with production technology it is obtained be epoxy quinoline raceme product (see Chinese patent CN101503406A), if energy
This is split as raceme to left-handed (-) and dextrorotation (+) product, then this is to the medicinal effect with optical activity enantiomeric excess product
Fruit is bound to more preferably, but the cost of industrial resolving racemic is very high, and is difficult to realize the popularization of industrialization；For this reason, this hair
Bright design synthesizes 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base ammonia with N- nitro imido imidazolyl alkanes using chlorine propylene, then passes through
Sharpless asymmetric Epoxidations are oxidized to 1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine (i.e. epoxies
Quinoline) there is optical activity enantiomeric excess product.
The great advantage of Sharpless asymmetric Epoxidations is：Reaction reagent is commercialization, and cheap and easy to get, and
The yield of its epoxidation product usually has the e.e. values (Enantiomeric excess) more than 90%, it can in addition contain according to reaction model
Predict the chirality of product.Chipal compounds with optical activation have in fields such as medicine, pesticide, material, spices and food
Important application, and optically active chipal compounds its values will be significantly larger than its racemic modification product, epoxy quinoline product
As the chipal compounds that can be separated and convert, it is necessary to study the synthesis of its left-handed (-) and dextrorotation (+) enantiomer with separating
And pharmacological properties and insecticidal activity, and there may be the problems such as toxicity or environmental pollution.
The content of the invention：
The present invention in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, provide 1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazolines-
The preparation method of 2- bases amine (i.e. epoxy quinoline) enantiomer.
Photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomer of the present invention, i.e. 1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine
The structural formula of enantiomer is：
Photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomer provided by the present invention：1- (2,3- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- bases
The preparation method of amine comprises the following steps that：
(1) 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine is synthesized：
Under nitrogen protection, N- nitro imido imidazolyl alkanes and organic solvent are added in reactor, treat N- nitros Asia
After this dissolving of aminooimidazole alkyl, sodium hydride is added portionwise into reactor under agitation, continues stirring 30 after adding sodium hydride
Minute, then chloropropene is slowly added dropwise into reactor, after being added dropwise, stirs reaction under the conditions of 35-40 DEG C of temperature, be used in combination
TLC or HPLC monitoring reaction process, until reaction terminates；Organic solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure out after cooling, obtains orange-yellow oily liquids,
Add and separate out faint yellow crystalline solid at -10 DEG C of temperature with the isometric ether of the orange-yellow oily liquids, take advantage of cold filtering,
Crude product is obtained, with Gossypol recrystallized from chloroform, obtains the sterling of 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine.
The organic solvent is DMF (N, N'- dimethylformamide) or the mixed solvent of DMF and toluene, the chloropropene:
N- nitro imido imidazolyl alkanes: the molar ratio of sodium hydride is：1：1.1-1.5：1.1-1.5；The purity of the sodium hydride is
60wt%；The vacuum distillation temperature is 40 DEG C, pressure 0.3KPa；It can be added in whole reaction solution system a small amount ofPoint
Son sieve.
(2) 1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine enantiomers are synthesized：
Under nitrogen protection, a certain amount of organic solvents, chloroform is added into reactor, at a temperature of -10-O DEG C, successively
Tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium Ti (Oi-Pr) is added thereto4, L (+)-ethyl tartrate ((+) DET) or D (-)-ethyl tartrate
((-) DET), stirring add 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine prepared by step (1), are eventually adding after 15 minutes
Oxidant metachloroperbenzoic acid (M-CPBA), stirs 12h by the homogeneous phase solution for reacting gained, is during which monitored with TLC or HPLC
The product conversion process of reaction, after removing solvent, with petroleum ether, can obtain crude product, through chloroform-petroleum ether mixed solvent weight
Crystallization obtains the sterling of 1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine enantiomers.
The tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium：L (+)-ethyl tartrate：1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine：Between
The molar ratio of chloroperoxybenzoic acid is 1:1:1:2；The volume ratio of the chloroform-petroleum ether is 2:1；In whole reaction solution system
It can add a small amount ofMolecular sieve.
Wherein：The reaction temperature of synthesis 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine is 35-40 DEG C in step (1),
Temperature height can cause unreacted chloropropene to vapor away, and influence the yield of 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine；Institute
It is 60wt% with sodium hydride purity, sodium hydride is slowly added in batches, to avoid that can produce a large amount of hydrogen during addition
Effusion；Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reactions in step (2) are -10 DEG C -0 DEG C (can be modulated with ice salt bath).
The reaction equation of above-mentioned preparation process is as follows：
The present invention has following technical characterstic compared with prior art：
(1) can effectively can be complete by the weaker hydrogen of the resonant middle acidity of N- nitro imido imidazolyl alkanes using sodium hydride
Remove, and sodium salt can be converted into, and organic by-products will not be produced
(2) the preparation reaction temperature of first step allyl based products is 35-40 DEG C, and heat condition is more gentle, less energy consumption, at the same time
It can also avoid the autohemagglutination phenomenon of 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine products
(3) by Sharpless asymmetric Epoxidations, the mapping of left or right rotation can be respectively obtained with higher yield
Body product, and required epoxidation catalyst is cheap and readily available
(4) the enantiomer product of high-purity can be obtained, the insecticidal activity of product is greatly improved, also can correspondingly reduce agriculture
The usage amount of medicine in practical applications, reduces the pollution to environment.
Embodiment：
Embodiment 1：1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine enantiomers provided by the invention are specific
Preparation method is as follows：
(1)：The preparation of 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine：
Under nitrogen protection, the N- nitro-imine base imidazolidines of 6.5g (0.05mol) are added to the N of 50mL, N'- diformazans
In base formamide, stirring is allowed to after being completely dissolved for 30 minutes, and 2.4g sodium hydrides are divided 3-5 times and are added thereto, and continues stir about 1h,
Obtain homogeneous pale yellow solution.4.9mL (0.06mol) chloropropenes are slowly dropped to above-mentioned solution with constant pressure dropping funnel
In, 40 DEG C are slowly warming up to after being added dropwise again, TLC or HPLC methods are to monitoring reaction course, until reaction carries out completely.
By suction filtered through kieselguhr, the inorganic salts produced in reaction process are removed, yellow transparent solution is obtained, (pressure is evaporated under reduced pressure at 40 DEG C:
0.3KPa) N, N'- solvent dimethylformamide, then add isometric anhydrous ether can be separated out at -10 DEG C it is faint yellow crystalline solid
Body, takes advantage of cold filtering, obtains crude product, with Gossypol recrystallized from chloroform, you can obtains 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine
Sterling, yield：82%, m.p.:67-89℃.1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz, ppm):δ2.69(s,2H,NCH2CH2N),2.85
(s,2H,NCH2CH2N),3.16(s,2H,NCH2), CH=3.16 (s, 2H, NCH2), CH=5.09-5.23 (dd, J=6.6Hz,
2H,NCH2CH=CH2), 5.94 (d, J=6.4Hz, 1H, NCH2CH=CH2),8.22(s,1H,NH).MS(ESI):m/z
170.17[M+],124.16[M+-NO2].Anal.Calc.for C6H10N4O2:C,42.35；H,5.92；N, 32.92%
.Found:C,42.17；H,5.89；N, 32.77%.
(2) prepare respectively L (+) -1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazolines -2- bases amine and D (-) -1- (1,
2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine：
The preparation of L (+) -1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine：
The chloroform of 20mL is added in the three neck round bottom of 100mL, cooling is stirred under -10 DEG C (ice salt bath), first
The tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium of 0.297mL (1mmol), L (+)-tartaric acid diethyl of 0.172mL (0.206g, 1mmol) are separately added into afterwards
Ester, stir about 10 minutes, after solution is in homogeneous, adds 0.17g (1mmol) 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazolines -2- Asias
Amine, last time add 0.345g (2mmol) metachloroperbenzoic acid；Gained homogeneous phase solution is stirred in refrigerator at -10-0 DEG C
About 12h, can monitor epoxidation conversion process by TLC or HPLC methods during reaction, after question response thing all switchs to product, remove
Dereaction solvent, light yellow solid powder is obtained with petroleum ether, then with chloroform-petroleum ether (2:1) recrystallize, obtain sterling, receive
Rate：77%, ee value：90%, m.p.:97~99 DEG C.1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz, ppm):δ2.52(s,2H,CH2-OCH-
CH2),2.69(s,2H,CH2-OCH-CH2), 2.78 (d, 1H, J=6.1Hz, CH2-OCH-CH2),2.81(s,2H,
NCH2CH2N),2.89(s,2H,NCH2CH2N),8.14(s,1H,NH).MS(ESI):m/z 188.17[M+],140.16[M+-
NO2].Anal.Calc.for C6H10N4O3:C,38.71；H,5.41；N, 30.09%.Found:C,38.64；H,5.37；N,
30.04%.
The preparation of D (-) -1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine：
The chloroform of 20mL is added in the three neck round bottom of 100mL, cooling is stirred under -10 DEG C (ice salt bath), first
The tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium of 0.297mL (1mmol), D (-)-tartaric acid diethyl of 0.172mL (0.206g, 1mmol) are separately added into afterwards
Ester, is stirred 10 minutes, after solution is in homogeneous, adds 0.17g (1mmol) 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- imines,
Last time adds 0.345g (2mmol) metachloroperbenzoic acid；Gained homogeneous phase solution stir about at -10-0 DEG C in refrigerator
12h, can monitor epoxidation conversion process by TLC or HPLC methods during reaction, after question response thing all switchs to product, remove
Reaction dissolvent, light yellow solid powder is obtained with petroleum ether, then with chloroform-petroleum ether (2:1) recrystallize, obtain sterling, yield：
81%, ee value：93%, m.p.:96~97 DEG C.1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz, ppm):δ2.54(s,2H,CH2-OCH-CH2),
2.67(s,2H,CH2-OCH-CH2), 2.79 (d, 1H, J=6.1Hz, CH2-OCH-CH2),2.84(s,2H,NCH2CH2N),2.91
(s,2H,NCH2CH2N),8.17(s,1H,NH).MS(ESI):m/z 188.17[M+],140.16[M+-NO2]
.Anal.Calc.for C6H10N4O3:C,38.71；H,5.41；N, 30.09%.Found:C,38.69；H,5.36；N,
30.02%.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomer, it is characterised in that the preparation method comprises the following steps that：
(1) 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine is synthesized：
Under nitrogen protection, N- nitro imido imidazolyl alkanes and organic solvent are added in reactor, treat N- nitroiminos
After imidazolidine dissolves substantially, sodium hydride is added portionwise into reactor under agitation, continues stirring 30 minutes after adding sodium hydride,
Chloropropene is slowly added dropwise into reactor again, after being added dropwise, stirs reaction under the conditions of 35-40 DEG C of temperature, and with TLC or
HPLC monitors reaction process, until reaction terminates；Organic solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure out after cooling, obtains orange-yellow oily liquids, is added
Isometric ether separates out faint yellow crystalline solid at -10 DEG C of temperature with the orange-yellow oily liquids, takes advantage of cold filtering, obtains slightly
Product, with Gossypol recrystallized from chloroform, obtains the sterling of 1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine；The organic solvent is N,
N'- dimethylformamides or the mixed solvent of N, N'- dimethylformamide and toluene, the chloropropene: N- nitroimino miaows
Oxazolidine: the molar ratio of sodium hydride is：1:1.1-1.5:1.1-1.5；The purity of the sodium hydride is 60wt%；The vacuum distillation
Temperature is 40 DEG C, pressure 0.3KPa；
(2) 1- (1,2- glycidyl)-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine enantiomers are synthesized：
Under nitrogen protection, a certain amount of organic solvents, chloroform is added into reactor, it is first backward anti-at a temperature of -10-O DEG C
Device is answered to add tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium Ti (Oi-Pr)4, L (+)-ethyl tartrate or D (-)-ethyl tartrate, stir 15 points
1- pi-allyl-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine made from adding step (1) after clock, is eventually adding oxidant m-chloro peroxide benzene
Formic acid, 12h is stirred by the homogeneous phase solution for reacting gained, during which with the product conversion process of TLC or HPLC monitoring reactions, is removed molten
After agent, with petroleum ether, crude product can be obtained, through chloroform-petroleum ether mixed solvent be recrystallized to give 1- (1,2- glycidyl)-
The sterling of N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine enantiomers；The tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium：L (+)-ethyl tartrate：1- allyls
Base-N- Nitroimidazoline -2- base amine：The molar ratio of metachloroperbenzoic acid is 1:1:1:2；The body of the chloroform-petroleum ether
Product is than being 2:1.
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