CN105479997B - A kind of large-scale sculpture setting out method - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale sculpture setting out method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105479997B CN105479997B CN201510847021.1A CN201510847021A CN105479997B CN 105479997 B CN105479997 B CN 105479997B CN 201510847021 A CN201510847021 A CN 201510847021A CN 105479997 B CN105479997 B CN 105479997B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B1/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models
- B44B1/02—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models wherein three-dimensional copies are made
- B44B1/04—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models wherein three-dimensional copies are made having devices for changing, e.g. proportionally enlarging or reducing, the shape from an original pattern
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/06—Sculpturing
Abstract
A kind of method of large-scale sculpture setting-out provided by the invention, be comprehensively utilize three-dimensional data scanning technique, the large-scale sculpture setting out method that data processing technique and CNC Foam machining technologies are integrated, this method can solve the sample data sampling and processing of large-scale sculpture and Problems of Reconstruction；Solve large-scale sculpture and the identical problem of sample form；After the completion of solving sculpture sample, before bubbles model processing, sculptor changes problem again to sculpture model；Solve the problems, such as that virtual data is changed into real-world object；This method can complete the setting-out of sculpture sample within a short period of time, compared with traditional setting-out mode, save time and cost of labor, the precision of the setting-out of raising.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale sculpture setting out method, especially a kind of large-scale sculpture setting out method, belong to technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
According to the applicant understood, the setting out method of large-scale sculpture is mainly lasso laying off at present.This method is first according to clay sculpture
Corresponding frame is established in moulding, and modeling system is carried out on framework.Many defects be present in the above method：1. establish frame problem；First, enter
The modeling system of the large-scale statue of row must take corresponding inner frame, and framework needs to bear the weight of hundred tons of gypsum, therefore between shelf
The degree of being connected firmly is difficult to solve.2. sighting distance and ratio problems；In setting-out, in order to control the overall structure proportion of sculpture, generally
Will it is each check that close examination is large-scale when, remove scaffold, using vacant lot, driving, multi-angle is taken pictures, even with looking in the distance
Mirror is examined closely from suitable visual angle, and these are all that the mode observed by the naked eye goes to control the structure of sculpture, it is easy to are occurred
Error.3. piecemeal problem；Large-scale sculpture gypsum setting-out engineering will provide satisfactory piecemeal formpiston, large-scale carving for cast copper
The problem of modeling has hundreds of pieces of piecemeal, and error is big is can hardly be avoided, in addition, the reinforcing of formpiston is also difficult to solve.
Retrieval is found：
Patent：201410259987.9, disclose the method that sculpture turns over system amplification, it is desirable to provide it is a kind of time saving and energy saving, put
Sculpture after big is undistorted, can produce the sculpture amplification method of large product；Technical scheme is used by solving technical problem：
The model of large-scale sculpture is scanned into electronic model in spatial digitizer, model burst is handled, then machined with flat carving,
The each section processed is bonded, then is molded after polishing and correcting；Relative to traditional sculpture amplification method, the present invention adopts
It is processed, is then bonded the multiple sections processed, the sculpture that can so make with large-scale sculpture is divided into multiple sections
Just can be bigger, considerably beyond 3D printer and the maximum magnitude of circular engravure machine, solve the problem that large-scale sculpture is difficult to make.But
This method is processed using flat carving machine, and precision is low, and the later stage is polished again in addition and amendment is wasted time and energy and once occurred
Error or other problemses are difficult to repair again.
Patent：86102666, one-shaping technique with digital amplifying for sculpture is disclosed, this technology utilizes modern digital mapping skill
Art, computer lofting technology are box filled with model cutting, making sample by surveying and drawing, amplifying to original copy from motion tracking cutting technique
Molded mud three phases one-shot forming, to realize that the reproduction of original copy image and the industrialness production present invention of amplification engineering make amplification
Do not need it is artistical create again, directly carry out industrialness production;Need not turn over the post forming of mold type have it is high-precision
Original copy image is reproduced, reliable to store original copy information, short time limit, cost is low, the advantages of strong adaptability.But the essence of the technology is
By original copy is surveyed and drawn, amplified with model cut, make the box filled molded mud three phases one-shot forming of sample, process is complex,
Precision is not high.
Patent：201010137548.2 disclose human body sculpture method through combination technology, using data scanning, software processing,
The technical combinations such as rapid shaping and hot investment casting carry out sculpture, using scanner scanning real human body or human body or other have
Shape article obtains vector cloud data.Spliced using software, repaired and the data file that TURNed TO PATCH.Recycle moulding soft
Part carries out sculpture making to patch model.The virtual sculpture model data made are transfused to rapid prototyping machine and carving in kind are made
Mould semi-finished product;Finally by post processing, including polish, polish, colouring, being mutually embedded in the final sculpture of Decoration fram acquisition.With
This method makes sculpture, extremely can easily and fast render, modify, cuts out, preserving sculpture image information and by sculpture person's
Timely interaction, while shorten Production Time, simplify casting technique.But mainly to apply to human body isometric smaller for this method
Sculpture make, machined using rapid prototyping, it is low to required precision.
Above-mentioned patent also all has a problem that, is exactly that can not data be carried out with fine, accurately processing, can not eliminate and sweep
The defects of retouching generation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, propose a kind of comprehensive utilization three-dimensional data
The large-scale sculpture setting out method that scanning technique, data processing technique and CNC Foam machining technologies are integrated, this method can solve
The sample data sampling and processing and Problems of Reconstruction of large-scale sculpture；Solve large-scale sculpture and the identical problem of sample form；Solves sculpture
After the completion of sample, before bubbles model processing, sculptor changes problem again to sculpture model；Solve virtual data to be changed into truly
Object problem；This method can complete the setting-out of sculpture sample within a short period of time, compared with traditional setting-out mode, save
Time and cost of labor, the precision of the setting-out of raising.
In order to reach object above, a kind of large-scale sculpture setting out method of the invention, it is characterised in that lead to by computer
Cross following steps realization：
Step 1: determine to need the sculpture sample of setting-out；
Step 2: sculpture sample is carried out into highl stratification by predetermined layering precision, every layer is divided into by predetermined piecemeal precision again
Some piecemeals, and number consecutively；
Step 3：Every layer of sculpture sample each piecemeal is scanned according to number order with spatial digitizer；Note
The tri patch data of the contour surface information of each piecemeal are recorded, obtain the three-dimensional data model of each piecemeal；
Step 4：According to number order by the three-dimensional data model of the above-mentioned each piecemeal of sculpture sample in the same coordinate system
It is spliced into complete preliminary three-dimensional model；
Step 5：Curved surface quadrilateral mesh is used to selected delicate area of the preliminary three-dimensional model in addition to spike cutting region
Topology is carried out, and it is 1 to set quadrilateral mesh density, exports the threedimensional model after topology；
Step 6：To carrying out chamfering through threedimensional model cutting region derived from topology, to adjust the whole curved surface locally occurred
Mutation；
Step 7：Threedimensional model after chamfering is finely divided and subtracts face processing, obtains that curved surface is smooth and appropriate data
Middle threedimensional model；
Step 8：Removal carries out caused abnormal curved surface after topological position subdivision, obtains final the three of smooth surface composition
Dimension module；
Step 9：Final threedimensional model is amplified to actually required setting-out model, and according to numerically controlled processing equipment most
Setting-out model layers, piecemeal, number consecutively are exported the layer block figure of setting-out model by big compact dimensions；
Step 10：Using high-density foam as blank, the bubble of each layer piecemeal of setting-out model is processed with numerically controlled processing equipment
Foam model；
Step 11: by bubbles model by the assembling shaping of layer block figure, the setting-out of sculpture needed for completion.
The technical scheme that further uses of the present invention for：
Further, in the step 5, topological grid needs to arrange according to curved surface, lines tendency, reduction three-sided surface,
Five sides face.
Further, with the hole on Geomagic software repairing models and the curved surface having some setbacks in the step 8；
Geomagic softwares are used in the step 4, while the hole on model is filled up and repaired the hole of complexity；In the step
Model is amplified to the size of needs in rapid nine using Geomagic softwares.
Further, the step 5 carries out topological optimization threedimensional model, the region of curve using ZBrush softwares
Grid is loose, and the complicated area grid of curved surface is close, and dough sheet is optimized for quadrilateral structure；Equally it is to use ZBrush in step 7
Software is to model refinement.
Further, cutting region chamfering is carried out to model using Maya softwares in step 6.
Further, the iterations for choosing more than 3 during Subdividing Processing in step 7 is finely divided processing.
Further, in step 6, chamfering parameter selection skew 0.1, segmentation 2.
Further, in step 7, subdivision rank is transferred to computer maximum processing capability rank, and it is smooth to obtain curved surface
Model, draft are 20% ~ 50%.
The present invention large-scale sculpture setting out method synthesis used spatial digitizer, data processing and 3 d modeling software,
CNC machining centers carry out large-scale sculpture setting-out.Consider from time, manpower and material cost, side involved in the present invention
Method is than traditional lasso setting out method low manufacture cost.Traditional lasso setting-out, sculpture structure is controlled using macroscopic mode,
It is easy to produce error.
Currently used is spatial digitizer, but the data of 3-D scanning are unordered tri patch, and direct use is swept
Retouch data and carry out CNC processing, it is triangular facet that the foam surface processed is also mostly, extremely rough, and some details are also not clear enough
Clear, clear and definite, particularly with large-scale sculpture, it is more obvious to process rear defect and deficiency, and obvious distortion.
The present invention carries out piecemeal according to surface pattern, the structure complexity of sculpture sample by high-precision scanning device and swept
Retouch, obtain the data model of sculpture sample piecemeal, be then created as complete sculpture sample primary three in same coordinate system again
Dimension module, and then filling-up hole, reparation are carried out to preliminary three-dimensional model by various processing softwares again, segments, subtract the processing of the curved surfaces such as face,
So that the sculpture after setting-out inherits the structure of sculpture sample, ratio, expression, charm well；By the inventive method
Model after processing, curved surface smooth-going, the lines flow smoothly, details is complete, improves sculpture quality, avoids the structure after amplification processing
Distortion phenomenon, have impact on the overall appearance of sculpture, use foam in addition as blank, shorten CNC Foam machinings time it is same
When eliminate clay or the problem of gypsum setting-out can produce cracking, deformation, and foam hard is low, quality is small, damaged during piecemeal
It is few, it is easily portable.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is setting-out process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the threedimensional model of sculpture sample blocked scan of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the preliminary three-dimensional model after Fig. 2 topologys.
Fig. 4 is the middle threedimensional model after Fig. 2 subdivisions.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of large-scale sculpture setting out method of the present embodiment, with reference to the setting-out process of 72 meters of Qufu City, Shandong Province Confucius's pictures, setting-out
Technological process is as shown in figure 1, its setting out method includes the following steps：
Step 1：Determine sculpture sample；
Step 2: sculpture sample is carried out by highl stratification by predetermined layering precision according to computer digital animation ability, often
Layer is divided into some piecemeals, and number consecutively by predetermined piecemeal precision again；
Step 3：Every layer of sculpture sample each piecemeal is scanned according to number order with spatial digitizer；Note
The tri patch data of the contour surface information of each piecemeal are recorded, obtain the three-dimensional data model of the .stl forms of each piecemeal；
Such as Fig. 2.
Step 4：According to number order by the three-dimensional data model of the above-mentioned each piecemeal of sculpture sample in the same coordinate system
It is spliced into complete preliminary three-dimensional model；Global registration, filling-up hole are carried out to model with Geomagic softwares, goes manifold, cutting etc.
Operation, obtains complete model.Large-scale sculpture needs to carry out fine scanning by way of blocked scan, if will with overall situation registration
Dry block data is spliced into the model of an entirety in same coordinate system.The hole on model is filled up using filling-up hole,
Using bridge joint, mend the complicated hole of border hole repairing.
Step 5：Curved surface quadrilateral mesh is used to selected delicate area of the preliminary three-dimensional model in addition to spike cutting region
Topology is carried out, and it is 1 to set quadrilateral mesh density, exports the threedimensional model after topology；
Step 6：To carrying out chamfering through threedimensional model cutting region derived from topology, to adjust the whole curved surface locally occurred
Mutation；With ZBrush softwares topology, topology goes out model all details such as human hand of portrait sculpture, clothes pleat in addition to cutting region
Wrinkle etc., according to the form arrangement quadrilateral mesh of model curved surface, the area grid of curve is loose, the complicated regional network of curved surface
Lattice are close, and triangular facet occurs in the reduction that to try one's best, by grid reasonable layout, reaching and data being simplified, dough sheet is optimized for
The target of quadrangle, such as Fig. 3.
Step 7：Threedimensional model after chamfering is finely divided and subtracts face processing, obtains that curved surface is smooth and appropriate data
Middle threedimensional model；Model is finely divided with Zbrush softwares, rank is adjustable arrives computer maximum processing capability level for subdivision
Not, the smooth model of curved surface, such as Fig. 4 are obtained.Subtract face with Decimation Master plug-in units again, ensure the same of curve quality
When, reduce the size of data of model, obtain the data for being adapted to the processing of oneself programming software.
Step 8：Removal carries out caused abnormal curved surface after topological position subdivision, obtains final the three of smooth surface composition
Dimension module；With Geomagic software repairing model top-surface cambers, final threedimensional model is obtained.When topological some inevitable three
Edged surface can cause the abnormal curved surfaces such as the region curved surface not fairing after subdivision, or generate some holes, with removal feature, filling-up hole
Repair these defects.
Step 9：Final threedimensional model is amplified to actually required setting-out model, and according to numerically controlled processing equipment most
Setting-out model layers, piecemeal, number consecutively are exported the layer block figure of setting-out model by big compact dimensions；With Geomagic softwares
The size being actually needed that model is amplified, according to the layer block figure of the compact dimensions setting-out model of CNC machining centers.
Step 10：Use cost is low, high-density foam of easy processing for blank, process setting-out mould with numerically controlled processing equipment
The bubbles model of each layer piecemeal of type；CNC Cutter Body Processing with Machining Center blebbings will be passed through per block models Powermill software programmings
Foam model.
Step 11: by bubbles model by the assembling shaping of layer block figure, the setting-out of sculpture needed for completion.
The present invention carries out setting-out using technical combinations such as 3-D scanning, data processing and CNC Foam machinings, is swept using three-dimensional
Instrument scanning sculpture sample is retouched, obtains sample threedimensional model.Threedimensional model is repaired using reverse software, recycles three-dimensional to build
Mould software carries out sculpture and modeled again, the scanning defect of the defects of making up sample handwork sculptures and scanning device, obtains one
Curved surface is smooth, the lines flow smoothly, feature clearly threedimensional model.The threedimensional model for modeling acquisition is amplified to the chi being actually needed
It is very little, then be layered, piecemeal, each block models are numbered, NC Machining Program software programming is reused, passes through CNC（Machining center）
Process bubbles model.Bubbles model is finally assembled to shaping by number, completes large-scale sculpture setting-out.The present invention can guarantee that model
Size, the accuracy of ratio, the goodness of fit of model and sculpture sample is high, and the setting-out time is short, cost is low.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
Into technical scheme, all fall within the protection domains of application claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of large-scale sculpture setting out method, it is characterised in that be achieved by the steps of by computer：
Step 1: determine to need the sculpture sample of setting-out；
Step 2: sculpture sample carried out into highl stratification by predetermined layering precision, every layer be divided into again by predetermined piecemeal precision it is some
Piecemeal, and number consecutively；
Step 3：Every layer of sculpture sample each piecemeal is scanned according to number order with spatial digitizer；Record is every
The tri patch data of the contour surface information of individual piecemeal, obtain the three-dimensional data model of each piecemeal；
Step 4：The three-dimensional data model of the above-mentioned each piecemeal of sculpture sample is spliced in the same coordinate system according to number order
Into complete preliminary three-dimensional model；
Step 5：Selected delicate area of the preliminary three-dimensional model in addition to spike cutting region is carried out using curved surface quadrilateral mesh
Topology, and it is 1 to set quadrilateral mesh density, exports the threedimensional model after topology；
Step 6：To carrying out chamfering through threedimensional model spike cutting region derived from topology, dashed forward with adjusting the curved surface locally occurred
Become；
Step 7：Threedimensional model after chamfering is finely divided and subtracts face processing, obtain that curved surface is smooth and data it is appropriate in
Between threedimensional model；
Step 8：Removal carries out caused abnormal curved surface after topological position subdivision, obtains the final three-dimensional mould of smooth surface composition
Type；
Step 9：Final threedimensional model is amplified to actually required setting-out model, and according to the most great achievement of numerically controlled processing equipment
Molded dimension is by setting-out model layers, piecemeal, number consecutively, exports the layer block figure of setting-out model；
Step 10：Using high-density foam as blank, the foam mold of each layer piecemeal of setting-out model is processed with numerically controlled processing equipment
Type；
Step 11: by bubbles model by the assembling shaping of layer block figure, the setting-out of sculpture needed for completion.
A kind of 2. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is topological in the step 5
Grid needs, according to curved surface, lines tendency arrangement, to reduce three-sided surface, five side faces.
A kind of 3. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Used in the step 8
Hole on Geomagic software repairing models and the curved surface having some setbacks；Geomagic softwares are used in the step 4,
The hole on model is filled up and repaired simultaneously the hole of complexity；Model is amplified using Geomagic softwares in the step 9
To the size of needs.
A kind of 4. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 5 uses ZBrush
Software carries out topological optimization threedimensional model, and the area grid of curve is loose, and the complicated area grid of curved surface s close, and dough sheet is excellent
Turn to quadrilateral structure；Equally it is to model refinement using ZBrush softwares in step 7.
A kind of 5. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is soft using Maya in step 6
Part carries out spike cutting region chamfering to model.
A kind of 6. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 7, use
Decimation Master plug-in units subtract face, while curve quality is ensured, reduce the size of data of model.
A kind of 7. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 7 during Subdividing Processing
The iterations for choosing more than 3 is finely divided processing.
A kind of 8. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 6, chamfering parameter
Selection skew 0.1, segmentation 2.
A kind of 9. large-scale sculpture setting out method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 7, rank is segmented
Computer maximum processing capability rank is transferred to, obtains the smooth model of curved surface, draft is 20% ~ 50%.
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| CN105976428A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-28 | 南京晨光艺术工程有限公司 | Model processing method |
| CN105964915B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-02-09 | 林勇 | A kind of wolf towel worm nest reticulate form forming method |
| CN107471882B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-04-05 | 江门市蓬江区珠西智谷智能装备协同创新研究院 | A kind of processing of robots control system of large volume workpiece engraving |
| CN108127350A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-08 | 铜陵新九鼎铜文化产业有限公司 | A kind of new technology of clay sculpture figure of buddha copper-clad covering protection |
| CN109050136A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 山西宇达青铜文化艺术股份有限公司 | Large-scale sculpture lasso setting-out process |
| CN109712221B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-08-16 | 成都四方伟业软件股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional visualization rendering method and device |
| CN110001262A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-12 | 北京天图天美创意文化有限公司 | 3D sculpture modular structure and its Method of printing |
| CN110027223B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-01-12 | 湖北工业大学 | Building terrain model preparation method and hot melting cutting device used by same |
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| GB2377506B (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2004-10-27 | Peter David Hurley | 3-D element sculptor |
| CN101274577A (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2008-10-01 | 徐鸿斌 | Digital simplified molding process for sculpture sample manuscript |
| CN101786398A (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-07-28 | 重庆大学 | Human body sculpture method through combination technology |
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| DE69024530T2 (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1996-05-15 | Gojigen Kikaku Co Ltd | Automatic engraving system |
| GB2377506B (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2004-10-27 | Peter David Hurley | 3-D element sculptor |
| CN101274577A (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2008-10-01 | 徐鸿斌 | Digital simplified molding process for sculpture sample manuscript |
| CN101786398A (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-07-28 | 重庆大学 | Human body sculpture method through combination technology |
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