CN105461885B - A kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105461885B CN105461885B CN201510766129.8A CN201510766129A CN105461885B CN 105461885 B CN105461885 B CN 105461885B CN 201510766129 A CN201510766129 A CN 201510766129A CN 105461885 B CN105461885 B CN 105461885B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4081—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/64 with other macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6216—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or of derivatives thereof
- C08G18/6266—Polymers of amides or imides from alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
- C08G18/638—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers characterised by the use of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds other than styrene and/or olefinic nitriles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/64—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63
- C08G18/6492—Lignin containing materials; Wood resins; Wood tars; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
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- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, it is mixed by following raw material components：30 35 parts of PPG, 0.30 0.40 parts of catalyst, 0.8 1.0 parts of foam stabiliser, 45 75 parts of plant culture material, 15 25 parts of isocyanates.Air and nutrient required for the present invention can provide plant growth, proportion is small, toughness is high, retain water and nutrients effect is good, and is suitable for the characteristic of plant root growth；Due to containing charcoal, product also has the environment-friendly functions such as the PM2.5 adsorbed in air, purification haze.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polyurethane material, more particularly to a kind of charcoal polyurethane composite for plant cultivation
Material.
Background technology
Modern city high building stands in great numbers, be available for greening plane space it is fewer and fewer, building roof, garage ceiling, wall enclose
The greening of the solid spaces such as wall, balcony, windowsill turns into the important means for improving urban ecological environment.Develop vertical planting, energy
The space structure levels and urban art of landscape effect of abundant city afforestation, help further to increase city green
Amount, tropical island effect is reduced, dust suction, reduces noise and pernicious gas, built and improve city ecological environment.However, tradition greening
Load weight, the big shape of the Light media nutrition soil body of new development dissipates, preservation capacity of water and fertility is poor, is fixed with container and metal, lacks security,
Form is single.How to develop lightweight, efficiently, artificial solid base material conveniently, safely and various functions type bearing structure and
Planting tray, it is weight, the key problem in technology of vegetation growth state for directly affecting greening fractional load.
The greatest problem of vertical planting is exactly load.To make plant grew well, while mitigate the weight of load, kind as far as possible
Planting matrix in phytyl disk typically requires stable physicochemical property；It is loose ventilative, beneficial to plant root growth and draining；
With stronger retain water and nutrients ability；Unit weight is lighter, the features such as being not likely to produce pest and disease damage, thus typically using artificial lightweight soil and
It is not nature soil.Artificial lightweight soil has at home and abroad obtained widely using, will to nutrient, acid-base value etc. according to plant growth
Ask, from containing element needed for each plant growth and unit weight less artificial light weight inorganic matrix such as vermiculite, perlite, mud
Charcoal, or inorganic matrix and organic substrate are formed by different proportion mixing match.Because the raw materials such as careless carbon, peat are non-renewable
Resource, cost is higher, and countries in the world are all sawed in research with organic waste instead of peat, rock wool etc., such as Canada at present
End, Israel obtain good result with cow dung and treaster, Britain with coir etc..Then carry out using discarded in China
The research of organic culture substrate is made in the various agricultural organic wastes such as bamboo shoot shell, discarded hickory nut crust, bagasse.But into
The shortcomings that point different various artificial lightweight soil is that shape dissipates and needs container, and relatively heavy causes design techniques and Plant choosing
Relatively simple, the container being placed in bearing structure, which easily drops, has potential safety hazard.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, it can provide plant
Air and nutrient required for thing growth, proportion is small, toughness is high, retain water and nutrients effect is good, and is suitable for plant root growth
Characteristic；Due to containing charcoal, product also has the environment-friendly functions such as the PM2.5 adsorbed in air, purification haze.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, it is mixed by following raw material components：Polyethers is more
First alcohol 30-35 parts, catalyst 0.30-0.40 parts, foam stabiliser 0.8-1.0 parts, plant culture material 45-75 parts are different
Cyanate 15-25 parts.
The present invention is improved for problem of the prior art, and plant culture material and polyurethane progress is compound.
Polyurethane is the general designation containing the macromolecular compound for repeating carbamate groups on main chain, and it is by organic diisocyanate
Or polyisocyanates forms with dihydroxy or polyol addition polymerization.The features such as the light-duty of present invention polyurethane, toughness,
Its netted fixed material as plant growth material, passes through the reasonable selection to polyurethane material synthesis material and its and plant
Culture matrix material（Charcoal, plant growth material, water-keeping material etc.）Combination, produce the poly- ammonia of new charcoal
Ester composite, the material have the characteristics that it is light-duty, be adapted to that plant root growth, retain water and nutrients performance be good, low-carbon environment-friendly.It can
The plate from plant wastes material with bearing structure and container function is made, it is single to form of different sizes, different, mobile convenient greening
Member, the diversity of security and design is improved, a kind of important technology is provided for town and country vertical planting.
The present invention is first to the synthesis material of polyurethane（PPG, isocyanates）Carry out particular combination, the combination
The polyurethane material that reaction obtains can be crosslinked together well with plant culture material, and final product structure is reasonable
（Space, retentiveness）, it is adapted to plant root growth.
Secondly the present invention carries out particular configuration to plant culture material, charcoal is used in plant culture material
（With environment-friendly functions such as the PM2.5 in absorption air, purification hazes）, string（Both there is water retaining function, moreover it is possible to as increasing
Strong material increases the firm of product）And water-absorbing resins（Good water-retaining property）.
Preferably, the PPG is by a kind of ending amino polyether polyalcohol and dihydroxy polyether polyol alcohol, three hydroxyls
One or both of based polyether polyol combines.Specifically, the PPG is the mixed of 2-3 kind PPGs
Compound.
In the PPG of the present invention：Ending amino polyether polyalcohol accounts for the 15-60% of PPG gross weight, the end
For amido pfpe molecule amount between 200-1000, amine value is more than 100 mg KOH/g, and remaining PPG is polyether diols
Polyalcohol, one kind in trihydroxy PPG or two kinds of combinations, dihydroxy polyether polyol alcohol, trihydroxy PPG
Molecular weight is between 1500-3500, hydroxyl value 15-60mgKOH/g.
The PPG of so specific composition of the invention, the product of production are more suitable for planting.
Preferably, the plant culture material is mixed by following components by weight：Charcoal particle
30-50 parts, sponge 50-70 parts, water-absorbing resins 1-3 parts.
The such combination of plant culture material selection of the present invention can be compatible with polyurethane, and culture matrix material is using life
Thing charcoal, property is relatively stable, both with certain retain water and nutrients performance, has with larger specific surface area, be suitable for microorganism and
Plant root growth.Fibrous material, it is adapted to plant root growth, there is water-retaining property, can also be used as reinforcing material, increase product
Intensity and flexible toughness.Water-absorbing resins, mainly water retention.
Preferably, one or more of the charcoal in charcoal, bamboo charcoal, rice hull carbon, straw charcoal.The biology
Charcoal preparation method of granules is：By biological raw material under conditions of anaerobic or oxygen content are less than 3%, 2- is cracked at a temperature of 450-700 DEG C
5 hours, cooling, crush, cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain.Biological raw material is selected from the common biological carbon feedstocks such as timber, bamboo wood, rice husk, stalk.
Preferably, the one kind of the sponge in wood-fibred, coir fibre, bamboo fibre, peat fibre
It is or several.
Preferably, the water-absorbing resins are selected from acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization thing, cellulose and acrylic acid
In salt grafting or cross-linked polymer, cellulose and acrylamide graft or cross-linked polymer, starch-acrylate graft copolymer
It is a kind of.
Preferably, the isocyanates is different selected from toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethyl two
One or more in cyanate.
Preferably, the catalyst is one in triethylene diamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylene triamine, triethanolamine
Kind is several.
Preferably, the foam stabiliser is polyether modified silicon oil.
A kind of preparation method of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, step are as follows：
1）It is prepared by polyol：PPG, catalyst, foam stabiliser are mixed, temperature is maintained at 20-35
DEG C, stir and evenly mix, polyol is made；
（2）It is prepared by plant culture matrix material component：Plant culture material is put into deionized water, in temperature 20-
Under the conditions of 35 DEG C, stir and evenly mix, finally obtain plant culture matrix material component of the water content in 60-200%；
（3）It is prepared by charcoal compound polyurethane material：By step（2）Obtained plant culture matrix material component adds step
Suddenly（1）In obtained polyol, stir and evenly mix, add isocyanates, timing stirring, after the 8-20 seconds, mixture is fallen
Enter in mould, be stripped after static 20-30 minutes under the conditions of 20-35 DEG C of temperature, then product after the demoulding is placed on temperature 20-50
DEG C, relative humidity less than 60% ventilated environment under cure 24-48 hours after obtain product.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Air and nutrient required for it can provide plant growth, proportion is small, toughness is high, protects
Water fertilizer conservation effect is good, and is suitable for the characteristic of plant root growth；Due to containing charcoal, product also has in absorption air
PM2.5, the purification environment-friendly function such as haze.Furthermore, it is possible to which vertical planting load is greatly decreased, of different sizes, movement is formed just
The greening unit of profit, is greatly reduced construction cost and maintenance cost, so as to solve medium weight and dissipate, to afforest model single, foster
The problems such as difficult is protected, there is huge application space and development prospect in Forest City Construction.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, used raw material and equipment etc. are commercially available or commonly used in the art.
Method in following embodiments, it is the conventional method of this area unless otherwise instructed.
In the PPG of the present invention：Ending amino polyether polyalcohol（It is commercially available）Account for the 15- of PPG gross weight
60%, for the ending amino polyether molecular weight between 200-1000, amine value is more than 100 mg KOH/g, and remaining PPG is two
Hydroxy polyethers polyalcohol（It is commercially available）, trihydroxy PPG（It is commercially available）In one kind or two kinds combination, dihydroxy polyether polyol
Alcohol, the molecular weight of trihydroxy PPG are between 1500-3500, hydroxyl value 15-60mgKOH/g.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, is formulated and is：It is mixed by following raw material components：
30 parts of PPG, catalyst（Triethylene diamine）0.30 part, foam stabiliser（Polyether modified silicon oil）0.8 part, plant training
Support 45 parts of host material, isocyanates（Toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)）15 parts.
The plant culture material is mixed by following components by weight：30 parts of charcoal particle, plant
Fibrous material（Coir fibre, it is commercially available）50 parts, water-absorbing resins（Starch-acrylate graft copolymer, it is commercially available）1 part.The life
Thing charcoal particle（Charcoal）Preparation method is：Timber is cracked 5 hours at a temperature of anaerobic, 450 DEG C, cooling, crushed, crosses 80 mesh sieves
And obtain.
A kind of preparation method of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, step are as follows：
（1）It is prepared by polyol：PPG, catalyst, foam stabiliser are mixed, temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C,
It is sufficiently stirred 15 minutes, polyol is made；
（2）It is prepared by plant culture matrix material component：Plant culture material is put into deionized water, in 20 DEG C of temperature
Under the conditions of, it is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes, finally obtains plant culture matrix material component of the water content 60%；
（3）It is prepared by charcoal compound polyurethane material：By step（2）Obtained plant culture matrix material component adds step
Suddenly（1）In obtained polyol, stir 10 minutes, be sufficiently mixed, add isocyanates, timing stirring, will after 8 seconds
Mixture is poured into mould, is stripped under the conditions of 20 DEG C of temperature after static 30 minutes, then product after the demoulding is placed on temperature 20
DEG C, relative humidity less than 60% ventilated environment under cure 48 hours after obtain product.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, is formulated and is：It is mixed by following raw material components：
35 parts of PPG, catalyst（Diethylenetriamine）0.40 part, foam stabiliser（Polyether modified silicon oil）1.0 parts, plant training
Support 75 parts of host material, isocyanates（'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate）25 parts.
The plant culture material is mixed by following components by weight：50 parts of charcoal particle, plant
Fibrous material（Wood-fibred, it is commercially available）70 parts, water-absorbing resins（Acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization thing, it is commercially available）3 parts.Institute
State charcoal particle（Bamboo charcoal）Preparation method is：It is small that 2 are cracked by bamboo wood under conditions of oxygen content is less than 3%, at a temperature of 700 DEG C
When, cooling, crush, cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain.
A kind of preparation method of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, step are as follows：
（1）It is prepared by polyol：PPG, catalyst, foam stabiliser are mixed, temperature is maintained at 35 DEG C,
It is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes, polyol is made；
（2）It is prepared by plant culture matrix material component：Plant culture material is put into deionized water, in 35 DEG C of temperature
Under the conditions of, it is sufficiently stirred 5 minutes, finally obtains plant culture matrix material component of the water content 200%；
（3）It is prepared by charcoal compound polyurethane material：By step（2）Obtained plant culture matrix material component adds step
Suddenly（1）In obtained polyol, to stir 15 minutes, be sufficiently mixed, add isocyanates, timing is stirred, after 20 seconds,
Pour the mixture into mould, be stripped under the conditions of 35 DEG C of temperature after static 20 minutes, then product after the demoulding is placed on temperature
50 DEG C, relative humidity less than 60% ventilated environment under cure 24 hours after obtain product.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, is formulated and is：It is mixed by following raw material components：
33 parts of PPG, catalyst（0.15 part of 0.2 part+triethylene of triethylene diamine triamine）0.35 part, foam stabiliser（Polyethers
Modified silicon oil）0.9 part, 60 parts of plant culture material, isocyanates（The isocyanide of 10 parts+hexamethyl of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) two
10 parts of acid esters）20 parts.
The plant culture material is mixed by following components by weight：40 parts of charcoal particle, plant
Fibrous material（40 parts of 20 parts+bamboo fibre of wood-fibred, it is commercially available）60 parts, water-absorbing resins（Acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization
Thing, it is commercially available）1-3 parts.The charcoal particle（Bamboo charcoal）Preparation method is：By bamboo wood under anaerobic, split at a temperature of 500 DEG C
Solution 3 hours, cooling, crush, cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain.
A kind of preparation method of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, step are as follows：
（1）It is prepared by polyol：PPG, catalyst, foam stabiliser are mixed, temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C,
It is sufficiently stirred 12 minutes, polyol is made；
（2）It is prepared by plant culture matrix material component：Plant culture material is put into deionized water, in 30 DEG C of temperature
Under the conditions of, it is sufficiently stirred 8 minutes, finally obtains plant culture matrix material component of the water content 100%；
（3）It is prepared by charcoal compound polyurethane material：By step（2）Obtained plant culture matrix material component adds step
Suddenly（1）In obtained polyol, stir 12 minutes, be sufficiently mixed, add isocyanates, timing stirring, will after 15 seconds
Mixture is poured into mould, is stripped under the conditions of 30 DEG C of temperature after static 25 minutes, then product after the demoulding is placed on temperature 30
DEG C, relative humidity less than 60% ventilated environment under cure 35 hours after obtain product.
Specific preparation example 1
It is prepared by the first step, polyol：By PPG（Model 3050）160 grams, amine terminated polyether polyalcohol（Type
Number JEFFAMINE D-400）160 grams, 3.5 grams of triethylene diamine, 8.5 grams of silicone oil, it is respectively put into container, in 25 DEG C of temperature
Under, it is stirred, is sufficiently mixed in container uniformly, polyol is made.
It is prepared by second step, plant culture matrix material component：By 200 grams of charcoals, 300 grams of bamboo fibres and 3 grams of acryloyls
Amine-acrylates crosslinking copolymerization thing is added in 800 grams of water, under the conditions of 25 DEG C of temperature, is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes, obtains plant training
Support matrix material component.
3rd step, the plant culture matrix material component that step 2 is obtained add polyol made from step 1
In, stir 15 minutes, be sufficiently mixed, add isocyanates（TDI-100）, timing stirring, after 10 seconds, pour the mixture into just
In square dies, it is stripped under the conditions of 25 DEG C of temperature after static 20 minutes, then product after the demoulding is placed on 25 DEG C, relative humidity
Product is obtained after being cured 25 hours under 50% ventilated environment.
The PPG trade mark is Shandong Lanxing Dongda Chemical Co., Ltd in this preparation example, model 3050；Hold ammonia
Based polyether polyol U.S. Hensel steps（Huntsman）Company, model JEFFAMINE D-400；Triethylene diamine, Shanghai reagent
Factory, model：CP；Polyether modified silicon oil, Shandong Dayi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, model DY-ET10；Charcoal is that bamboo matter charcoal is
Particle diameter cracks 5 hours at a temperature of being less than 500 DEG C of 80 mesh, cooling, crushes, and crosses 80 mesh sieves and obtains；String is bamboo fibre；First
Phenylene diisocyanate is German Baeyer, model TDI-100；Acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization thing, the green rich chemical industry of Renqiu City
Factory.
The g/cm of charcoal compound polyurethane material unit weight 0.33 of the plant cultivation of this preparation example production3, porosity 61%,
Maximum water absorption rate is 255%, can be in plants such as planting vegetable above, flowers, undershrubs.
Specific preparation example 2
It is prepared by the first step, polyol：By PPG（Model DEP455S）150 grams, amine terminated polyether polyalcohol
（Model D-400）170 grams, 3.2 grams of triethylene triamine, 9 grams of silicone oil, it is respectively put into container, at a temperature of 25 DEG C, stirring is mixed
Close, be sufficiently mixed in container uniformly, polyol is made.
It is prepared by second step, plant culture matrix material component：By 240 grams of charcoals, 260 grams of coir fibres and 3 grams of propylene
Acid amides-acrylates crosslinking copolymerization thing is added in 800 grams of water, under the conditions of 30 DEG C of temperature, is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes, is obtained plant
Culture matrix material component.
3rd step, the plant culture matrix material component that step 2 is obtained add polyol made from step 1
In, stir 20 minutes, be sufficiently mixed, add isocyanates, timing stirring, after 15 seconds, pour the mixture into square mould
In, be stripped under the conditions of 30 DEG C of temperature after static 20 minutes, then product after the demoulding be placed on 45 DEG C, relative humidity 50% it is logical
Product is obtained after being cured 24 hours under wind environment.
The PPG trade mark of this preparation example is that Zibo moral believes federal chemical Industrial Co., Ltd, model DEP455S；End
Amino-polyether polyalcohol Wuxi A Keli Science and Technology Co., Ltd., model D-400；Triethylene triamine, U.S.'s Hensel are graceful；Polyethers
Modified silicon oil, upper the sea is quiet enlightening new material Science and Technology Ltd., model: YD-3701；Charcoal is rice hull carbon, and particle diameter is less than 80
Mesh, rice husk crack 3 hours at a temperature of 600 DEG C, cooling, crush, and cross 80 mesh sieves and obtain；String is coir fibre；Propylene
Acid amides-acrylates crosslinking copolymerization resin, BASF Aktiengesellschaft；Toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) TDI-80/20, German Baeyer.
The g/cm of charcoal compound polyurethane material unit weight 0.41 of the plant cultivation of this preparation example production3, porosity 64%,
Maximum water absorption rate is 213%, and the matrix can be used for plant cuttage, seed to sow.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferable scheme of the present invention, not the present invention is made any formal
Limitation, there are other variants and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation, it is characterised in that mixed and made by following raw material components
Into：PPG 30-35 parts, catalyst 0.30-0.40 parts, foam stabiliser 0.8-1.0 parts, plant culture material
45-75 parts, isocyanates 15-25 parts；
The PPG is by a kind of ending amino polyether polyalcohol and dihydroxy polyether polyol alcohol, trihydroxy PPG
One or two combine；Wherein, ending amino polyether polyalcohol accounts for the 15-60% of PPG gross weight, the end amido
For pfpe molecule amount between 200-1000, amine value is more than 100 mg KOH/g；Dihydroxy polyether polyol alcohol, trihydroxy polyether polyols
The molecular weight of alcohol is between 1500-3500, hydroxyl value 15-60mgKOH/g；
The plant culture material is mixed by following components by weight：Charcoal particle 30-50 parts, plant are fine
Tie up material 50-70 parts, water-absorbing resins 1-3 parts.
2. charcoal compound polyurethane material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The charcoal be selected from charcoal,
One or more in bamboo charcoal, rice hull carbon, straw charcoal.
3. charcoal compound polyurethane material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sponge is selected from
One or more in wood-fibred, coir fibre, bamboo fibre, peat fibre.
4. charcoal compound polyurethane material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water-absorbing resins are selected from third
Acrylamide-acrylates crosslinking copolymerization thing, cellulose and acrylates grafting or cross-linked polymer, cellulose and acrylamide connect
One kind in branch or cross-linked polymer, starch-acrylate graft copolymer.
5. charcoal compound polyurethane material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The isocyanates is selected from toluene
One or more in diisocyanate, '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
6. charcoal compound polyurethane material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The catalyst is triethylene two
One or more in amine, diethylenetriamine, triethylene triamine, triethanolamine.
7. charcoal compound polyurethane material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The foam stabiliser is polyethers
Modified silicon oil.
8. a kind of preparation method of charcoal compound polyurethane material for plant cultivation as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that step is as follows：
（1）It is prepared by polyol：PPG, catalyst, foam stabiliser are mixed, temperature is maintained at 20-35 DEG C, stirred
Mixing is mixed, polyol is made；
（2）It is prepared by plant culture matrix material component：Plant culture material is put into deionized water, in 20-35 DEG C of temperature
Under the conditions of, stir and evenly mix, finally obtain plant culture matrix material component of the water content in 60-200%；
（3）It is prepared by charcoal compound polyurethane material：By step（2）Obtained plant culture matrix material component adds step
（1）In obtained polyol, stir and evenly mix, add isocyanates, timing stirring, after the 8-20 seconds, pour the mixture into
In mould, it is stripped after static 20-30 minutes under the conditions of 20-35 DEG C of temperature, then product after the demoulding is placed on temperature 20-50
DEG C, relative humidity less than 60% ventilated environment under cure 24-48 hours after obtain product.
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| CN114672061B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2024-01-05 | 普罗普里特公司 | Isocyanate-based foamable polymers |
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| CN110105523B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2020-07-17 | 乐清市钜派企业管理咨询有限公司 | Polyurethane foam for fireproof insulation board based on biomass raw material and processing technology thereof |
| CN110959499A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-07 | 刘晓涵 | Plant nutritive tissue and its preparing process |
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