It with turps the attention that the technological line of raw material synthetic perfume is subjected to domestic and international perfume industry circle always, because natural perfume can not satisfy worldwide consumer need far away, and come synthetic perfume from petrochemical materials, long flow path, complex process, cost is higher, moreover oil is Nonrenewable resources, and supply is more and more nervous.China is a rosin resource big country in the world, produces ten thousand tons of rosin 35-40 per year, and ten thousand tons of turps 6-8 are that raw material can synthesize hundreds of important spices with turps, thereby comprehensive utilization turps just becomes the important channel of increasing economic efficiency.
Terebinthine major ingredient is α-Pai Xi and beta-pinene, but the two all catalytic hydrogenation make pinane, pinane is the important intermediate of key spices such as synthetic phantol and dihydromyrcenol, for the quality that improves pinane is the content of cis-isomeride, domestic and international chemical boundary does a lot of work aspect selecting catalyst, skeletal nickel catalyst is active higher a kind of catalyzer, the commercial catalysts of synthetic high-cis pinane, still concentrate in the improvement of skeleton nickel, mainly improve cis-content, but seldom see document and the report that uses the skeletal nickel catalyst of modified about the firpene hydrogenation by certain of skeleton nickel is modified.
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of novel skeletal nickel catalyst by preparation and modification to skeletal nickel catalyst, and this catalyzer uses in the firpene shortening can prepare the high-cis pinane.
Shortening provided by the invention prepares the method for high-cis pinane, comprises following step:
1). Preparation of catalysts and modification:
In temperature is in 30-40 ℃ the alkaline solution (NaOH content is 20-30%).Drop into alumel in batches, input amount is that alumel and solid caustic soda ratio are 1: 1-1.55 (weight), controlled temperature 30-40 ℃, stirred 0.5-1.0 hour after adding alloy, be warming up to 60-70 ℃ rapidly, and in 60-75 ℃ of insulation 3-4 hour, leave standstill the supernatant liquor that inclines then, add concentration and be about 10% NaOH solution, making the Ni-Al/NaOH weight ratio is 1: 0.2, stirred 1-1.5 hour, then nickel powder is transferred in the washing device, to neutral, tap water flow velocity is the 100ml/ branch with the tap water washing of flowing, and then with 95% washing with alcohol for several times, obtain skeletal nickel catalyst.Again above-mentioned catalyzer is modified, method is: with above-mentioned catalyzer under agitation, add transition metal chloride and make modifier, modifier also can be mixed by two or more transition metal chlorides and form, the modifier add-on is: the ratio of skeletal nickel catalyst and modifier is: 100: 1-10 (weight), after modifier adds, treat that the evolving gas amount reduces after, catalyzer is promptly modified and is finished.
2). the firpene catalytic hydrogenation reaction:
With above-mentioned 1). skeletal nickel catalyst that middle preparation is also modified and firpene drop into together and carry out hydrogenation reaction in the autoclave, the catalyzer input amount is the 3-5% of firpene weight, reaction pressure 2.0-3.0MPa, and temperature is 80-100 ℃, reacted 8-13 hour, and just made the high-cis pinane.Above-mentioned 1). in the catalyzer modification, can in Preparation of Catalyst, carry out, be about to drop in the firpene catalytic hydrogenation reaction still, also the catalyzer and the firpene raw material of modifier and unmodified can be dropped into the catalytic hydrogenation reaction that carries out catalyzer modification and firpene in the reactor together through the catalyzer after modifying.
Firpene provided by the invention prepares its firpene transformation efficiency of method of pinane greater than 99%, and the content of cis-pinane in pinane is greater than 95%, than using conventional skeletal nickel catalyst to exceed 3-5% in the product.
Embodiment 1 Preparation of catalysts
In the three-necked bottle that agitator and thermometer are housed, put into 240 ml water solution of dissolving 60 gram sodium hydroxide, under constantly stirring, be added in the alkali lye on a small quantity 50 gram alumeies in batches, temperature is controlled between 30-40 ℃, after whole alloys add, continue to stir 0.5 hour, be warming up to 60 ℃ then, keep 60-65 ℃ of temperature, stirred 3.5 hours, and left standstill the supernatant liquid that inclines then, add 100 ml water solution of dissolving 10 gram sodium hydroxide, at room temperature stirred 1 hour, then material is transferred in the washing device, carried out continuous washing, till being washed till litmus paper and being neutrality with the tap water of about 100 ml/min of flow velocity, leave standstill and make the catalyst sedimentation hypsokinesis liquid that anhydrates, obtain skeletal nickel catalyst 35 grams (weight in wet base) with 95% washing with alcohol again.Take by weighing catalyzer 2.5 grams (weight in wet base) of above-mentioned preparation, progressively add dissolving cupric chloride (CuCl
22H
2O) 5 milliliters of ethanolic solns of 0.1 gram, treat that gas evolution reduces after, this modified skeletal nickel catalyst uses for the firpene hydrogenation.
Embodiment 2 firpene hydrogenation reactions
In 100 milliliters of autoclaves, add modification skeletal nickel catalyst 2.5 grams of firpene (α-Pai Xi 95.3%, amphene 1.5%, beta-pinene 2.9%) 50 grams and embodiment 1 preparation in the vacuum intake mode.Vacuumize in the still, feed hydrogen three times then to drive air in the still, logical again hydrogen starts and stirs also heating to 2.6MPa, when temperature rises to 60 ℃, begins to inhale hydrogen, and holding temperature is mended hydrogen to 3.0MPa at 80-85 ℃ when pressure drops to 2.0MPa.So repeatedly several times.React when suction hydrogen finished substantially in 8 hours, sampling detects with the GC instrument, and its composition is: firpene 0.5%, and cis-pinane 94.6%, trans pinane 3.1%, firpene transformation efficiency are 99.5%, the content of cis-pinane in pinane is 96.8%.
Embodiment 3 firpene hydrogenation reactions
Operation steps is with embodiment 2.Use FeCl
36H
2O modifies skeletal nickel catalyst, and the modification amount is 6%.It is 4% of firpene heavily that catalyzer is used, at pressure 2.0-3.0MPa, and temperature 80-85 ℃, reaction is 10 hours under the condition, and hydrogenation products consists of: firpene 0.3%, cis-pinane 94.4%, trans pinane 3.9%, firpene transformation efficiency are 99.7%, and the content of cis-pinane in pinane is 96.0%.
Embodiment 4 firpene hydrogenation reactions
Operation steps is with embodiment 2.Use NiCl
26H
2O modifies skeletal nickel catalyst, and the modification amount is 7%.Catalyst levels is 3.5% of a firpene.At pressure 2.0-3.0MPa, reaction is 8 hours under the temperature 80-85 ℃ of condition, and hydrogenation products consists of: firpene 0.4%, and cis-pinane 93.9%, trans pinane 3.5%, firpene transformation efficiency are 99.6%, the content of cis-pinane in pinane is 96.4%.
Embodiment 5 firpene hydrogenation reactions
Operation steps is with embodiment 2.Use CoCl
26H
2O is a modifier, and the modification amount is 5%.Catalyst levels is 3% of a firpene.At pressure 2.0-3.0MPa, reaction is 8 hours under the temperature 80-85 ℃ of condition, and hydrogenation products consists of: firpene 0.6%, and cis-pinane 93.2%, trans pinane 3.3%, firpene transformation efficiency are 99.3%, the content of cis-pinane in pinane is 96.6%.
Embodiment 6 firpene hydrogenation reactions
Operation steps is with embodiment 2.Use NiCl
26H
2O is a modifier, and the modification amount is 7%.Catalyst levels is 4.5% of a firpene.At pressure 2.0-3.0Mpa, carry out hydrogenation reaction under the temperature 80-90 ℃ of condition.When finish discharging each again charging behind the product, reaction adds the catalyzer of 0.5-1.0%, carried out hydrogenation reaction successively ten times, the result is as follows: reaction times 8-12 hour, hydrogenation products consists of: firpene 0.2-0.5%, cis-pinane 93.0%-94.8%, trans pinane 3.1-4.0%, the content of cis-pinane in pinane is 95.9-96.8%.