CN105456940A - 一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏 - Google Patents
一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105456940A CN105456940A CN201511011165.XA CN201511011165A CN105456940A CN 105456940 A CN105456940 A CN 105456940A CN 201511011165 A CN201511011165 A CN 201511011165A CN 105456940 A CN105456940 A CN 105456940A
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- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,由以下重量份的原料制成:两面针5-10、洪连3-6、片姜黄2-3、白芍10-15、千金子1-2、山楂叶5-9、龟甲13-18、关黄柏4-6、大蓟炭5-10、荷叶炭6-10、伏龙肝2-3、青叶胆6-8、椿皮2-3、槐角1-2。本发明提供的治疗褥疮的外用药膏,使用纯中药制备,通过药物的合理配伍,药物安全性高,对褥疮的治愈率高,对身体无副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏。
发明内容
褥疮(又名压迫性溃疡)是由于营养血供与机体组织发生血流障碍的末期结果皮肤褥疮在康复治疗、护理中是一个普通性的问题。据有关文献报道每年约有6万人死于褥疮合并症流行病学分析皮肤褥疮一般分为三类:①青年人神经病患者;②高龄患者;③住院患者。褥疮可以划分为骨骼隆突与长期硬面之间压迫软组织时渐渐产生局部性区域内的细胞坏死。褥疮是多种因素相互作用的结果,可分为外源性原发性、内源性及继发性等类型。外源性因素产生于软组织之上的机械应力包括压迫、剪切力及磨擦力;内源因素决定于软组织衰竭的敏感性,包括营养不良贫血、失禁及感染等。在这些病理因素中多数支持褥疮的主要因素是长期压迫不活动。
其形成过程分为红斑期、水泡期和溃疡期三期。褥疮的预防极为重要,主要以精心护理为基础。
褥疮患者及其痛苦,往往需要手术切除溃疡处皮肉来缓解,极难恢复。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,使用中药制备,安全无毒,去腐生肌,对褥疮有很好的治疗效果。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,由以下重量份的原料制成:
两面针5-10、洪连3-6、片姜黄2-3、白芍10-15、千金子1-2、山楂叶5-9、龟甲13-18、关黄柏4-6、大蓟炭5-10、荷叶炭6-10、伏龙肝2-3、青叶胆6-8、椿皮2-3、槐角1-2。
优选地,一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,由以下重量份的原料制成:
两面针8、洪连5、片姜黄2.4、白芍13、千金子1.6、山楂叶7、龟甲15、关黄柏5、大蓟炭7、荷叶炭8、伏龙肝3、青叶胆6、椿皮3、槐角1.2。
进一步地,一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、按比例称取两面针、洪连、片姜黄、白芍、千金子、山楂叶、龟甲、关黄柏、青叶胆、椿皮、槐角,加药物重量8-10倍的水文火煎煮2-3h,过滤,得滤液;
(2)、将步骤(1)得到的滤液浓缩成25℃下相对密度为1.22-1.28的膏状;
(3)、将大蓟炭、荷叶炭混合均匀,使用白醋在92-95℃下熏制15-20min,然后烘干,粉碎成200目的粉末;
(4)、将伏龙肝粉碎成200目地粉末,然后与步骤(2)得到的膏状物、步骤(3)得到的粉末混合均匀,得到原药;
(5)、将步骤(4)得到的原药加入原药重量5倍的药用淀粉,使用常规制药方法制成膏状,灭菌即可。
优选地,在步骤(3)中,熏制环境中白醋的浓度为8-10g/L。在制备时,将大蓟炭、荷叶碳先使用白醋熏蒸,可以明显提升药效。
使用前,将疮口清洗干净,然后使用本发明的药膏涂敷,每2天换药一次,重症患者可每天换药一次。
两面针:【性昧与归经】苦、辛,平;有小毒。归肝、胃经。【功能与主治】活血化瘀,行气止痛,祛风通铬,解毒消肿;用于秩扑损伤,胃痛,牙痛,风湿痹痛,毒蛇咬伤;外治烧烫伤。
洪连:【性味与归经】苦、甘,寒。归肺、心、肝经。【功能与主治】清热,解毒,利湿,平肝,行血,调经。用于发热烦渴,肺热咳嗽,头痛眩晕,湿热黄疸,***,药食中毒。
片姜黄:【性味与归经】辛、苦,温。归脾、肝经,【功能与主治】破血行气,通经止痛。用于胸胁刺痛,胸痹心痛,痛经经闭,癥瘕,风湿肩臂疼痛,跌扑肿痛。
白芍:【性味与归经】苦、酸,微寒。归肝、脾经。【功能与主治】养血调经,敛阴止汗,柔肝止痛,平抑肝阳。用于血虚萎黄,***,自汗,盗汗,胁痛,腹痛,四肢挛痛,头痛眩晕。
千金子:【性味与归经】辛,温;有毒。归肝、肾、大肠经。【功能与主治】泻下逐水,破血消癥;外用疗癣蚀疣。用于二便不通,水肿,痰饮,积滞胀满,血瘀经闭;外治顽癣,赘疣。
山楂叶:【性味与归经】酸,平。归肝经。【功能与主治】活血化瘀,理气通脉,化浊降脂。用于气滞血瘀,胸痹心痛,胸闷憋气,心悸健忘,眩晕耳鸣,髙脂血症。
龟甲:【性味与归经】咸、甘,微寒。归肝、肾、心经。【功能与主治】滋阴潜阳,益肾强骨,养血补心,固经止崩。用于阴虚潮热,骨蒸盗汗,头晕目眩,虚风内动,筋骨痿软,心虚健忘,崩漏经多。
关黄柏:【性味与归经】苦,寒,归肾、膀胱经。【功能与主治】清热燥湿,泻火除蒸,解毒疗疮。用于湿热泻痢,黄疽尿赤,带***痒,热淋涩痛,脚气痿蹵,骨蒸劳热,盗汗,遗精,疮疡肿毒,湿疹湿疮。
大蓟炭:【性味与归经】苦、涩,凉。归心、肝经。【功能与主治】凉血止血。用于齟血,吐血,尿血,便血,崩漏,外伤出血。
荷叶炭:【性味与归经】苦,平。归肝、脾、胃经。【功能与主治】清暑化湿,收涩化瘀止血。用于出血症和产后血晕。
伏龙肝:调中止血,去湿消肿。
青叶胆:【性昧与归经】苦、甘,寒。归肝、胆、膀胱经。【功能与主治】清肝利胆,澝热利湿。用于肝胆湿热,黄疸尿赤,胆胀胁痛,热淋涩痛。
椿皮:【性味与归经】苦、涩,寒。归大肠、胃、肝经。【功能与主治】清热燥湿,收涩止带,止泻,止血。用于赤白带下,湿热泻痢,久泻久痢,便血,崩漏。
槐角:【性味与归经】苦,寒。归肝、大肠经。【功能与主治】清热泻火,凉血止血。用于肠热便血,痔肿出血,肝热头痛,眩晕目赤。
本发明的外用药药膏经过配伍具有疏肝泄热、行气消肿、凉血止血、去腐生肌的功效,同时防止伤口感染,促进对瘀毒的吸收,加快疮口愈合,同时,经配伍后,药物的毒性被消除,提升了药物的安全性。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的治疗褥疮的外用药膏,使用纯中药制备,通过药物的合理配伍,药物安全性高,对褥疮的治愈率高,对身体无副作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,由以下重量份的原料制成:
两面针8、洪连5、片姜黄2.4、白芍13、千金子1.6、山楂叶7、龟甲15、关黄柏5、大蓟炭7、荷叶炭8、伏龙肝3、青叶胆6、椿皮3、槐角1.2。
进一步地,一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、按比例称取两面针、洪连、片姜黄、白芍、千金子、山楂叶、龟甲、关黄柏、青叶胆、椿皮、槐角,加药物重量8-10倍的水文火煎煮2-3h,过滤,得滤液;
(2)、将步骤(1)得到的滤液浓缩成25℃下相对密度为1.22-1.28的膏状;
(3)、将大蓟炭、荷叶炭混合均匀,使用白醋在92-95℃下熏制15-20min,然后烘干,粉碎成200目的粉末;
(4)、将伏龙肝粉碎成200目地粉末,然后与步骤(2)得到的膏状物、步骤(3)得到的粉末混合均匀,得到原药;
(5)、将步骤(4)得到的原药加入原药重量5倍的药用淀粉,使用常规制药方法制成膏状,灭菌即可。
优选地,在步骤(3)中,熏制环境中白醋的浓度为8-10g/L。
实施例2
一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,由以下重量份的原料制成:
两面针7、洪连4、片姜黄3、白芍13、千金子1.8、山楂叶7、龟甲16、关黄柏5、大蓟炭8、荷叶炭9、伏龙肝2.5、青叶胆7、椿皮2.4、槐角1.6。
使用实施例1的方法制备。
实施例3
一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,由以下重量份的原料制成:
两面针6、洪连5、片姜黄3、白芍14、千金子2、山楂叶5、龟甲14、关黄柏7、大蓟炭6、荷叶炭8、伏龙肝3、青叶胆6、椿皮2、槐角1.5。
使用实施例1的方法制备。
本发明的药物对于褥疮患者进行了治疗,患者共205名,男性患者112名,女性患者93名,患者年龄26-71岁,其中22-40岁患者52名,41-60岁患者62名,60岁以上患者91名。
患者分类:第一期褥疮:淤血红润期——“红、肿、热、痛或麻木,持续30分钟不褪”在骨隆突处的皮肤完整伴有压之不褪色的局限性红斑。深色皮肤可能无明显的苍白改变,但其颜色可能与周围组织不同。
第二期褥疮:炎性浸润期——“紫红、硬结、疼痛、水疱”,真皮部分缺失,表现为一个浅的开放性溃疡,伴有粉红色的伤口床(创面),无腐肉,也可能表现为一个完整的或破裂的血清性水疱。
第三期褥疮:浅度溃疡期——表皮破损、溃疡形成。典型特征:全层皮肤组织缺失,可见皮下脂肪暴露,但骨头、肌腱、肌肉未外露,有腐肉存在,但组织缺失的深度不明确,可能包含有潜行和隧道。
第四期褥疮:坏死溃疡期——侵入真皮下层、肌肉层、骨面、感染扩展,典型特征:全层组织缺失,伴有骨、肌腱或肌肉外露,伤口床的某些部位有腐肉或焦痂,常常有潜行或隧道。
各期患者人数如下表
第一期褥疮 | 第二期褥疮 | 第三期褥疮 | 第四期褥疮 | |
人数 | 35 | 69 | 89 | 12 |
表1
治疗方法,每两天换药1次,5天1个疗程,治疗过程中忌辛辣饮食。
治疗标准:
痊愈:患者疮口水泡消失,无腐肉及渗出液,消肿,无疼痛感,疮口结痂;
显效:患者症状明显减轻,疼痛症状减轻,疮口无扩大;
无效:患者症状无明显改善甚至加重。
治疗周期:将患者随机分为3组,各组无差异性,各组患者均先用药1个疗程,痊愈患者停止用药,未痊愈患者继续用药,治疗3个疗程后统计结果。
药物种类 | 患者人数 | 治愈数 | 显效数 | 总有效率 |
实施例1 | 87 | 77 | 10 | 100% |
实施例2 | 69 | 59 | 9 | 98.5% |
实施例的药物直接煎煮浓缩使用 | 49 | 36 | 10 | 93.9% |
表2
由表2可知,本发明的药物对于褥疮的治愈率高,而且药物经过本发明的方法进行制备可以提升药物的治愈率。
典型病例
李某,男,58岁,患有半身不遂,长期卧床,臀部形成褥疮,褥疮患处皮肤破损,红肿,有腐肉存在,使用本发明实施例1的药膏1个疗程,患处出血症状消失,腐肉出现脱落,用药3个疗程,患者患处结痂。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
两面针5-10、洪连3-6、片姜黄2-3、白芍10-15、千金子1-2、山楂叶5-9、龟甲13-18、关黄柏4-6、大蓟炭5-10、荷叶炭6-10、伏龙肝2-3、青叶胆6-8、椿皮2-3、槐角1-2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗褥疮的外用药膏,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
两面针8、洪连5、片姜黄2.4、白芍13、千金子1.6、山楂叶7、龟甲15、关黄柏5、大蓟炭7、荷叶炭8、伏龙肝3、青叶胆6、椿皮3、槐角1.2。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的治疗褥疮的外用药膏的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)、按比例称取两面针、洪连、片姜黄、白芍、千金子、山楂叶、龟甲、关黄柏、青叶胆、椿皮、槐角,加药物重量8-10倍的水文火煎煮2-3h,过滤,得滤液;
(2)、将步骤(1)得到的滤液浓缩成25℃下相对密度为1.22-1.28的膏状;
(3)、将大蓟炭、荷叶炭混合均匀,使用白醋在92-95℃下熏制15-20min,然后烘干,粉碎成200目的粉末;
(4)、将伏龙肝粉碎成200目地粉末,然后与步骤(2)得到的膏状物、步骤(3)得到的粉末混合均匀,得到原药;
(5)、将步骤(4)得到的原药加入原药重量5倍的药用淀粉,使用常规制药方法制成膏状,灭菌即可。
4.根据权利要求3所述的治疗褥疮的外用药膏的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,熏制环境中白醋的浓度为8-10g/L。
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