Background technology
Along with the improvement of expanding economy, living material condition, Taiwan people's average life significantly improves, and the requirement of compatriots to quality of medical care is also more and more paid attention to.Except the research and development of related medical technology, designing and developing of armarium is also a very important problem.Particularly when carrying out surgical operation, many medical acts need to utilize the auxiliary of mechanical apparatus, and are ask the safety of operation with accurate, and the technology such as automatization, precision positioning of machinery, is also widely used in the exploitation of armarium.
In numerous armarium, electric drill is very general medical hand-held tool, often because of the injury of fracture, bone fracture this respect, usually need through surgical operation, use by electric drill and other medical machinery equipment of arranging in pairs or groups auxiliary and complete steel nail and fix knochenbruch object; The apparatus of current execution drilling into bone mainly can be divided into pneumatic brill, artificial hand brace and hand-held electric drill, wherein pneumatic brill is using gases at high pressure as advancing the surgical drill of strength, but because of operating room need possess gases at high pressure equipment and in recent years when operating room upgrades less hospital consider the pneumatic brill of employing; And the operational approach of the artificial hand brace free-hand rotation crank that is doctor, mechanism drives screw rod cause bit and move up and down, to reach the object of boring circle hole or cutting skull; The mode of operation of another hand-held electric drill then as electric drill, come keyhole direction and the amount of feeding by the free-hand support electric drill of doctor.This common a kind of particular electrical is drilled with in respect of one group of safety device, can closely cooperate when driving link (motor) bears pressure with the Passive part (drill bit) of similar clutch mechanism, drive running to carry out the behavior of brill skeleton, when drill bit drills skeleton, because the counteracting force no longer bearing skeleton makes driving link be separated with Passive part, electric drill is caused to shut down.
But whether these methods must rely on the abundant clinical experience of doctor individual and hand to feel to judge to bore in bone processes to pass through skeleton and manually to stop; If via lack the doctor of rich experiences perform time, even if there is the electric drill electric drill of above-mentioned specific safety device, careless slightlyly while passing through skeleton, also likely injure nervous tissue below skeleton or blood vessel.
Therefore, relevant dealer is had to carry out Improvement for this shortcoming, as patent of invention case, the open patent of invention case of No. CN102805656Ath, People's Republic of China's patent " medical electric drill ", the open patent of invention case of United States Patent (USP) No. US20120310247A1 " medical electric drill " of No. I418327th, TaiWan, China patent announcement " medical electric drill ", three discloses a kind of medical electric drill, and it comprises a drill bit, a microprocessor, a pressure sensing cells, a torsion sensing unit and a gravity-feed tank side unit.Drill bit is in order to a drilling into bone.Microprocessor is connected with drill bit signal, in order to calculate the shift length of drill bit.Pressure sensing cells in order to sense the pressure variety of drill bit, and provides a pressure change signal to give microprocessor.Torsion sensing unit in order to sense the torsion variable quantity of drill bit, and provides a torsion change signal to give microprocessor.Gravity sensing unit in order to sense the acceleration change amount of drill bit, and provides an acceleration voltage signal to give microprocessor.Wherein, microprocessor is according to pressure change signal and torsion change signal, and determine that drill bit is to a working hour of drilling into bone, microprocessor calculates the shift length of drill bit again according to the acceleration voltage signal in working hour.In addition, also can see that real-time message and LED and buzzer warn doctor from external screen in real time, prevent to cause unexpected injury to patient.
According to said structure, this medical electric drill contains drill bit, microprocessor, pressure sensing cells, torsion sensing unit and gravity-feed tank side unit, can pressure sensor and the change of knob profit when performing the operation, be supplied to microprocessor in real time to process, determine that drill bit is to the working hour of skeleton, microprocessor calculates the displacement of drill bit again according to acceleration voltage signal, though can learn that the drill bit of this medical electric drill carries out drilling depth real-time message for doctor in the very first time, but whether the drill bit that doctor must divert one's attention to control this medical electric drill proceeds boring action, careless slightly also likely in perform operation time still there is risk problem at any time, and urgently improved.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is: provide a kind of and have automatic buffer feed-disabling and the medical electric drill of the effect that stops operating.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is a kind of starts rotation motor and its brake mechanism with Hall element wisdom detecting electricity, refer to that a kind of assist physicians is in time performing boring operation, assist and initiatively judge to stop the best opportunity of cutter, and there is automatic buffer feed-disabling and the medical electric drill of the effect that stops operating, it is characterized in that: this medical electric drill comprises:
One drill bit, in order to hole to skeleton;
One drives module, is coupled to this drill bit and makes electrically connect, and this drive module is in order to drive and to control its direction of rotation of this drill bit;
One microcontroller, is coupled to this drive module and makes electrically connect, this microcontroller in order to sense its current/voltage size of this medical electric drill, to determine whether close this its power supply of medical electric drill to control its drilling depth of this drill bit;
One Hall element, is coupled to this microcontroller and makes electrically connect, and this Hall element is analyzed in order to sense this its current/voltage of medical electric drill, and its numerical value of current/voltage after analyzing is sent to this microcontroller place; And
One battery modules, is coupled to this Hall element and makes electrically connect, and this battery modules is in order to provide the electric power needed for this medical electric drill overall operation start.
Start rotation motor and its brake mechanism due to of the present invention with Hall element wisdom detecting electricity, this medical electric drill comprises: a drill bit, in order to hole to skeleton, one drives module, is coupled to this drill bit and makes electrically connect, and this drive module is in order to drive and to control its direction of rotation of this drill bit, one microcontroller, is coupled to this drive module and makes electrically connect, this microcontroller in order to sense its current/voltage size of this medical electric drill, to determine whether close this its power supply of medical electric drill to control its drilling depth of this drill bit, one Hall element, is coupled to this microcontroller and makes electrically connect, and this Hall element is analyzed in order to sense this its current/voltage of medical electric drill, and its numerical value of current/voltage after analyzing is sent to this microcontroller place, and a battery modules, be coupled to this Hall element and make electrically connect, this battery modules is in order to provide the electric power needed for this medical electric drill overall operation start, obtain the transient current amount of this medical electric drill by this Hall element, analyze the size of the magnitude of current and voltage knots modification, whereby, the analysis magnitude of current and its numerical value of voltage are sent to this microcontroller place by this Hall element, and this medical electric is drilled in operation the moment being drilled through skeleton, voltage can be anxious according to rising, now this microcontroller can sense rinforzando voltage, generation current makes this drive module control this drill bit is immediately backwards rotation, and reach this medical electric drill in the control automatically very stopped, with assist physicians in time performing boring operation, assist the best opportunity judging to stop cutter, reach shortening operating time, stabilization procedure process, reduce human error, and reduction operation risk, and then provide and there is automatic buffer feed-disabling and the intelligent automatic control of the effect that stops operating medical treatment electric drill.
Detailed description of the invention
First, referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, is of the present invention with Hall element wisdom detecting electricity startup rotation motor and its brake mechanism; Refer to that a kind of assist physicians is in time performing boring operation, assist and initiatively judge to stop the best opportunity of cutter, and have automatic buffer feed-disabling and the medical electric drill 1 of the effect that stops operating, this medical electric drill 1 comprises a drill bit 11; One is coupled to this drill bit 11 and makes the drive module 12 of electrically connect; One is coupled to this drive module 12 and makes the microcontroller 13 of electrically connect; One is coupled to this microcontroller 13 and makes the Hall element 14 of electrically connect; And one is coupled to this Hall element 14 and makes the battery modules 15 of electrically connect; Wherein:
This drill bit 11, in order to hole to skeleton; This its size of drill bit 11 can according to carrying out boring required size to skeleton and changing;
This drive module 12, is coupled to this drill bit 11 and makes electrically connect, and this drive module 12 is in order to drive and to control this its direction of rotation of drill bit 11; Wherein this drive module 12 is provided with many in order to control the MOS transistor 121 that medical its electric current of electric drill 1 controls this drill bit 11 rotation direction; This MOS transistor 121, controllable current controls this drill bit 11 rotation direction, such as: current flowing is in M1 and M4 of this MOS transistor 121, and this drill bit 11 is in rotating forward; If current flowing is in M2 and M3 of this MOS transistor 121,11, this drill bit is backwards rotation, as shown in Figure 2;
This microcontroller 13, be coupled to this drive module 12 and make electrically connect, this microcontroller 13 has an ADC 131 and a computer 132 formed, and this computer 132 be single board computer, motherboard, ARM, MCU or other can any one of electronic installation that calculate of working procedure, so as to controlling size and the direction of this medical its current/voltage of electric drill 1, and control this its rotation direction of drill bit 11; This microcontroller 13 in order to sense this its current/voltage size of medical electric drill 1, to determine whether close this medical its power supply of electric drill 1 to control this its drilling depth of drill bit 11; Wherein this microcontroller 13 can control this medical its direction of current flow of electric drill 1, at this medical its magnitude of voltage of electric drill 1 of sensing under normal circumstances, produces an electric current and is passed to this drive module 12 and makes this drill bit 11 in rotating forward; And when sensing its magnitude of voltage and raising suddenly, then produce an electric current be passed to this drive module 12 make and this drill bit 11 in backwards rotation after stop the running of this drill bit 11 immediately; Moreover, this microcontroller 13 have more one in order to control with stablize this medical its voltage of electric drill 1 once receive diode 133, control voltage 3.3V can be no more than because this once receives diode 133, because of the highest voltage that only can receive 3.3V of this microcontroller 13, therefore need to arrange in pairs or groups that this was once received diode 133 and carrys out control voltage;
This Hall element 14, is coupled to this microcontroller 13 and makes electrically connect, and this Hall element 14 is analyzed in order to receive this medical its current/voltage of electric drill 1 of sensing, and its numerical value of current/voltage after analyzing is sent to this microcontroller 13 place; And
This battery modules 15, is coupled to this Hall element 14 and makes electrically connect, and this battery modules 15 is in order to provide the electric power needed for this medical electric drill 1 overall operation start.
Continuing refers to shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 4, is of the present invention with Hall element wisdom detecting electricity startup rotation motor and its brake another structure kenel explanation machine-processed; This medical electric drill 1 comprises a drill bit 11; One is coupled to this drill bit 11 and makes the drive module 12 of electrically connect; One is coupled to this drive module 12 and makes the communication interface module 16 of electrically connect; One is coupled to this communication interface module 16 and makes the Hall element 14 of electrically connect; And one is coupled to this Hall element 14 and makes the battery modules 15 of electrically connect; Wherein:
This drill bit 11, in order to hole to skeleton; This its size of drill bit 11 can according to carrying out boring required size to skeleton and changing;
This drive module 12, is coupled to this drill bit 11 and makes electrically connect, and this drive module 12 is in order to drive and to control this its direction of rotation of drill bit 11; Wherein this drive module 12 is provided with many in order to control the MOS transistor 121 that medical its electric current of electric drill 1 controls this drill bit 11 rotation direction; This MOS transistor 121, controllable current controls this drill bit 11 rotation direction, such as: current flowing is in M1 and M4 of this MOS transistor 121, and this drill bit 11 is in rotating forward; If current flowing is in M2 and M3 of this MOS transistor 121,11, this drill bit is backwards rotation, as shown in Figure 4;
This communication interface module 16, is coupled to this drive module 12 one end and makes electrically connect, and wherein this communication interface module 16 is 3C computer product; This communication interface module 16 has an ADC 161 and a computer 162 formed, and this computer 162 be single board computer, motherboard, ARM, MCU or other can any one of electronic installation that calculate of working procedure, so as to controlling size and the direction of this medical its current/voltage of electric drill 1, and control this its rotation direction of drill bit 11; This communication interface module 16 in order to sense this its current/voltage size of medical electric drill 1, to determine whether close this medical its power supply of electric drill 1 to control this its drilling depth of drill bit 11; Wherein this communication interface module 16 can control this medical its direction of current flow of electric drill 1, at this medical its magnitude of voltage of electric drill 1 of sensing under normal circumstances, produces an electric current and is passed to this drive module 12 and makes this drill bit 11 in rotating forward; And when sensing its magnitude of voltage and raising suddenly, then produce an electric current be passed to this drive module 12 make and this drill bit 11 in backwards rotation after stop the running of this drill bit 11 immediately; Moreover, this communication interface module 16 have more one in order to control with stablize this medical its voltage of electric drill 1 once receive diode 163, control voltage 3.3V can be no more than because this once receives diode 163, because of the highest voltage that only can receive 3.3V of this microcontroller 13, therefore need to arrange in pairs or groups that this was once received diode 163 and carrys out control voltage;
This Hall element 14, be coupled to this communication interface module 16 one end and make electrically connect, this Hall element 14 is analyzed in order to receive this medical its current/voltage of electric drill 1 of sensing, and its numerical value of current/voltage after analyzing is sent to this communication interface module 16 place; And
This battery modules 15, is coupled to this Hall element 14 and makes electrically connect, and this battery modules 15 is in order to provide the electric power needed for this medical electric drill 1 overall operation start.
Continuing refers to shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 6, is that the present invention starts rotation motor and its machine-processed better enforcement using state explanation of braking with Hall element wisdom detecting electricity; This medical electric drill 1 of the present invention mainly uses the mode of circuit design to reach the change of its current/voltage of detecting, and controls the method with warning in order to reach this medical electric drill 1 auxiliary, and this medical electric drill 1 comprises: a drill bit 11, in order to hole to skeleton; One drives module 12, is coupled to this drill bit 11 and makes electrically connect, and this drive module 12 is in order to drive and to control this its direction of rotation of drill bit 11; One microcontroller 13, is coupled to this drive module 12 and makes electrically connect, this microcontroller 13 in order to sense this its current/voltage size of medical electric drill 1, to determine whether close this medical its power supply of electric drill 1 to control this its drilling depth of drill bit 11; One Hall element 14, is coupled to this microcontroller 13 and makes electrically connect, and this Hall element 14 is analyzed in order to sense this medical its current/voltage of electric drill 1, and its numerical value of current/voltage after analyzing is sent to this microcontroller 13 place; And a battery modules 15, be coupled to this Hall element 14 and make electrically connect, this battery modules 15 is in order to provide the electric power needed for this medical electric drill 1 overall operation start; Or this microcontroller 13 is replaced with an external communication interface module 16, and this communication interface module 16 one end is coupled to the drive module 12 of this medical electric drill 1 and makes electrically connect; This communication interface module 16 one end is then coupled to the Hall element 14 of this medical electric drill 1 and makes electrically connect again; No matter to be this medical electric drill 1 of the present invention be with which kenel is current; Obtain the transient current amount of this medical electric drill 1 by this Hall element 14, analyze the size of the magnitude of current and voltage knots modification;
Whereby, the analysis magnitude of current and its numerical value of voltage are sent to this microcontroller 13 place by this Hall element 14, and this medical electric drill 1 is drilled through the moment of skeleton in operation, voltage can be anxious according to rising, now this microcontroller 13 (or being this communication interface module 16) can sense rinforzando voltage, generation current makes this drive module 12 control this drill bit is immediately backwards rotation, and reach this medical electric drill 1 in the control automatically very stopped, with assist physicians in time performing boring operation, assist the best opportunity judging to stop cutter, reach shortening operating time, stabilization procedure process, reduce human error, and reduction operation risk, and then provide and there is automatic buffer feed-disabling and the intelligent automatic control of the effect that stops operating medical treatment electric drill 1,
Moreover, this medical electric drill 1 of the present invention comprises drill bit 11, drive module 12, microcontroller 13 (or being this communication interface module 16), Hall element 14, and battery modules 15, utilize this Hall element 14 to control this microcontroller 13 (or for communication interface module 16), reach and control this medical electric drill 1 drilling depth object;
This Hall element 14 is used for sensing the current electric current of this medical electric drill 1 and voltage, and its numerical value after analysis is sent to this microcontroller 13 (or being communication interface module 16), when reaching certain numerical value, this microcontroller 13 (or being this communication interface module 16) can determine whether powered-down is to control drill bit 11 drilling depth of this medical electric drill 1;
This drill bit 11 stops the rotation part: this drill bit 11 is in judgement, substantially the osteoplaque being configured in two-layer comparatively densification up and down of skull, the osteoplaque that the part of centre is then softer, so in the process of boring bone, the change of electric current is in concave character type really, when this drill bit 11 contacts skeleton upper strata, because meet obstructions, so electric current can than large during the resistance do not run into, and after the osteoplaque on the drill-through skeleton upper strata of this drill bit 11, because the osteoplaque of centre is softer, although electric current declines but still can be a little larger than not having the electric current of resistance reality, the osteoplaque finer and close with lower floor when this drill bit 11 contacts, electric current is also the same with reaction when contacting upper strata skeleton, electric current starts to rise, finally, when drilling lower floor's bone, its electric current can rapid decline, then size of current when not having resistance in script is recovered,
This microcontroller 13 (or being this communication interface module 16) can be connected to this drive module 12, user can control this drive module 12 and decide this drill bit 1 direction of rotation, and this microcontroller 13 (or being this communication interface module 16) directly can control this medical its switch of electric drill 1, at once this medical electric drill 1 can be stopped, to avoid causing the injury that cannot retrieve when this Hall element 14 measures stopping current value.
Comprehensive the above, a kind ofly start rotation motor with Hall element wisdom detecting electricity and its brake mechanism had not seen again all books and periodicals or open use, really meet application for a patent for invention important document.Need Chen Ming's, the above know-why being specific embodiments of the invention and using, if the change done according to conception of the present invention, its function produced do not exceed yet description and graphic contained spiritual time, within the scope of the invention, all should close and give Chen Ming.