CN105454658A - Preparation method of feather fermentation protein feed - Google Patents
Preparation method of feather fermentation protein feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN105454658A CN105454658A CN201510974904.9A CN201510974904A CN105454658A CN 105454658 A CN105454658 A CN 105454658A CN 201510974904 A CN201510974904 A CN 201510974904A CN 105454658 A CN105454658 A CN 105454658A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a feather fermentation protein feed. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of adding each kilo of feather into 20 to 30l of inorganic salt culture medium for mixing, sterilizing at the temperature of 115 to 121DEG C for 15 to 20 minutes, and cooling to room temperature; inoculating a bacillus licheniformis seed solution into the inorganic salt culture medium in which the feather is added according to the volume ratio of 3 to 5 percent; introducing 0.15 to 0.18 cubic meter of sterile air into each cubic meter of solution in each minute for ventilating and fermenting at the fermentation temperature of 30 to 37DEG C until the feather is completely dissolved; performing filtering and impurity removal on fermentation liquor, then adding maize flour with the mass percent of 6 to 7 percent and bran with the mass percent of 4 to 5 percent into filtrate, uniformly mixing, drying and granulating to obtain the feather fermentation protein feed. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the content of soluble protein in the fermentation liquor reaches 31.4 to 34.3g/L; for the fermentation protein feed prepared from the maize flour, the bran and flour serving as auxiliary materials, the mass percent of crude protein reaches 28.6 to 29.5 percent, and the protein digestibility in vitro reaches 89.5 to 92.4 percent. The protein feed prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has natural maize and wheat fragrance, is good in palatability, and is conductive to digesting and promoting the growth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fermentable protein feed preparing technical field, be specifically related to the preparation method of feather fermentation protein feedstuff.
Technical background
The feather of bird is formed primarily of protein, although different feather qualities slightly difference, the amino acid whose kind of composition feather protein matter is identical.The annual feather output in the whole world can reach several hundred million ton, but also is increasing year by year.The large-scale poultry farming of China creates a large amount of keratin wastes, and especially feather waste is even more serious.Poultry feather has contained a large amount of potential useful proteins matter and amino acid, the feather stem protein content of bird is more than 85%, wherein about 80% is keratin protein, keratin protein belongs to insoluble protein, has filamentary structure, and stability is high, good springiness, dilatancy is little, does not dissolve completely in water, salting liquid and other solvent, can not by the direct absorption and digestion of animal.
China's feather keratin aboundresources, if Appropriate application can be used as high-quality feed albumen, improves the quality of feather protein, reduces the use amount of fish meal, soybean protein in feed, thus promote the development of animal husbandry.But because the Stability Analysis of Structures of feather protein, pole difficult degradation, finds suitable feather processing degradation method to be the keratic key of research degraded.
Feather keratin main machining method has enzymatic isolation method, chemical hydrolysis and mechanical water solution both at home and abroad at present.
Enzymatic isolation method mainly utilizes the degradation of keratinase keratin, makes its peptide class becoming small-molecular-weight or amino acid, slightly solubility keratin is decomposed into the method for soluble protein." utilizing expanded-enzymolysis combination technique to prepare chicken feather albumen powder " that such as " grain and feed industries " (2012,07 phase: p52-55) reports, is studied enzymolysis process parameter.Although its chicken feather soluble protein content mark used reaches 41.2%, but this method is generally consuming time longer, and product mostly is the lower polypeptide of molecular weight, and more difficultly finds suitable catabolic enzyme, and decomposition rate is slow, enzyme preparation cost height is also one of its shortcoming.
Chemical hydrolysis is divided into acid system and alkaline process, carrys out processing angle albumen exactly with acid, aqueous slkalis such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, Peracetic acid and NaOH.Such as " feed industry " (1989,4th phase: p29-30) " Process of Feather Protein Feed technology and the check analysis " reported, have employed feather rinsed clean, load in pressurization pot and add a certain amount of water and sour or alkali, be hydrolyzed under certain pressure, time, with alkali or acid, the feather protein liquid of hydrolysis is neutralized again, through drying under reduced pressure, pulverize and obtain feeding hydrolysis feather albumen powder.But the method can cause the change of amino acid configuration, make tryptophan completely destroyed, partial destruction tyrosine, serine, all comparatively acid hydrolyzation is poor for hydrolysis productive rate and product quality, and long power consumption consuming time is high, a large amount of spent acid pollutants of generation not easily process, to secondary environmental pollution, and chemical hydrolysis final residual salt is in the product difficult to remove, product moisture-sensitive is gone bad.
High-temperature steam method conventional in mechanical water solution, that raw material feather or feather stem are put into reactor, in reactor, pass into high temperature and high pressure steam be hydrolyzed, after a period of time, vacuum distillation goes out moisture, release product while hot, let cool, pulverize and obtain feather albumen powder, " feather meal produces the development of protein feed " that such as " Hebei chemical industry " (nineteen ninety the 1st phase: p26-28) reports, the key of the method wants controlled pressure and temperature, but because adopted process equipment falls behind, wayward technological parameter, the unstable product quality obtained, protein can cause amino acid digestibility low by serious degenerative because of HTHP.
Also have and above-mentioned enzymatic isolation method, chemical method and Physical are organically combined the operation carried out, as " a kind of feather albumen powder and preparation method thereof " that Chinese invention patent Authorization Notice No. CN101653188B announces, after adopting high pressure steam explosion technology to carry out the quick-fried process of vapour to feather, carry out enzymolysis processing again, make its little peptide becoming solubility and amino acid, after the enzyme that goes out, carry out drying again, pulverizing obtains feather albumen powder.But this method exists equally, and energy consumption is high, the shortcoming of the impaired sex change of protein high pressure.
In sum, owing to existing at present the method that feather is processed into feather albumen powder being existed that such as cost is high, efficiency is low, it is high to consume energy, it is large to pollute, residual chemical agents, destroy the shortcomings such as some nutrition, still residual more ANFs, poultry feather is made not obtain Appropriate application for a long time, or be used as fertilizer or thrown away in vain, feather abandons rear serious environment pollution, and become germ, hotbed that mosquitos and flies grows, form harm to domestic animal, poultry and the mankind, be also the huge wasting of resources simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of feather fermentation protein feedstuff, to retain the biologically active peptide of animal protein, utilize feather protein resource better and be beneficial to environmental protection.
The preparation method of feather fermentation protein feedstuff of the present invention, first poultry feather raw material is carried out washing and dry process, to it is characterized in that feather keratin degrading with microbe fermentation method being soluble protein, and then in zymotic fluid, add corn flour and wheat bran, be prepared into protein feed, that is: add 20-30 by every kilogram of dry feather and rise in minimal medium, mixing, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 15-20 minute, is cooled to room temperature; In the minimal medium adding feather, bacillus licheniformis seed liquor is inoculated according to the volume ratio of 3-5%; Pass into filtrated air by Ventilation Rate 0.15-0.18vvm (in every cubic metre of solution the cubic meter number passing into air per minute) and carry out ventilating fermentation, control fermentation temperature is 30-37 DEG C, ferments to feather and dissolves completely; After filtering fermentation liquor removal of impurities, in filtrate, add mass percent is the corn flour of 6-7% and the wheat bran of 4-5%, after mixing, is dried to and is moisturely less than 15% weight, granulation, namely obtain feather fermentation protein feedstuff;
Described minimal medium, for add 0.5g ammonium chloride, 0.5g sodium chloride, 0.3g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.24g magnesium chloride hexahydrate and 0.1g yeast extract in every premium on currency, adjusts its pH and 9 to form;
Described bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, by Bacillus lichenformis MML2501, formed to by the proportions of composition by beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, sodium chloride 5g and water 1000ml by the inclined plane inoculating preserved, pH is adjusted to be in the fluid nutrient medium of 7.2-7.4,35-37 DEG C, 180r/min shaking table cultivation 20-24 hour, the bacillus licheniformis seed liquor obtained; Described Bacillus lichenformis MML2501 is provided by Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center.
Described poultry feather raw material can be selected from the chicken in slaughterhouse, duck or/and goose feather, or Eider down processing leftover bits and pieces; Directly can use without cutting.
The present invention and the current conventional enzymatic isolation method of feather albumen powder, the chemical hydrolysis processed both at home and abroad are compared with mechanical water solution, owing to adopting specific microorganism ferment feather under certain condition, insoluble for feather keratin is converted into soluble protein, zymotic fluid is utilized to add a certain proportion of corn flour and wheat bran, prepare protein feed, the feather that its fermentation adopts without the need to expanded, vapour is quick-fried or cutting, dry after only needing simple cleaning, energy consumption is low; After fermentation, feather dissolves changed into liquid completely, and all as feed, do not have new discarded object to produce, efficiency is high, pollution-free; Sweat does not have the use of acid, alkali, without chemical agent residue; Owing to utilizing the characteristic of degradation of feather by using microorganism to produce soluble protein, nutritional labeling retains completely.Adopt protein feed prepared by the inventive method, except adopting the product fermentations liquid of fermentable feather, also added corn flour and wheat bran, effectively improve the crude protein content of feed, palatability and fragrance, therefore, the feather meal that the present invention obtains than the hydrolysis of existing zymolysis technique, chemical hydrolysis and physics directly does the advantage that feed has marked improvement, and in the zymotic fluid obtained after adopting feather of the present invention to ferment, soluble protein content is 31.4-34.3g/L; In the fermentation protein feedstuff made for auxiliary material with corn flour and wheat bran again, crude protein content mass percent reaches 28.6-29.5%, and Vitro Digestibility reaches 89.5-92.4%; The protein feed adopting the inventive method to prepare has natural corn and wheat fragrance, good palatability, has aid digestion and growth promoting effects.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
Dry chicken feather is joined in 30 liters of minimal mediums according to every kilogram of feather, described minimal medium is: by the proportioning adding ammonium chloride 0.5g, sodium chloride 0.5g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, magnesium chloride hexahydrate 0.24g and yeast extract 0.1g in every premium on currency, and uses the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 0.05-0.1mol/L 9 to form to adjust its pH; After mixing, 115 DEG C of sterilizings 15 minutes, be cooled to room temperature; Volume ratio according to 3% is to inoculation of medium bacillus licheniformis seed liquor; Described bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, the Bacillus lichenformis MML2501 provided by Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, the inclined plane inoculating preserved is formed to by the proportions of composition by beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, sodium chloride 5g and water 1000ml, its pH is adjusted to be in the fluid nutrient medium of 7.2-7.4 with the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 0.05-0.1mol/L, 35-37 DEG C, 180r/min shaking table cultivation 20-24 hour, the bacillus licheniformis seed liquor obtained; Pass into filtrated air and carry out ventilating fermentation, Ventilation Rate is 0.18vvm, and fermentation jar temperature controls as 30-37 DEG C, ferment 6 days, observation feather dissolves can terminate fermentation completely, and zymotic fluid is carried out filtering and impurity removing, and in the zymotic fluid obtained, soluble protein content is 31.4-34.3g/L;
In ferment filtrate, add corn flour 6-7% and wheat bran 4-5% by mass percentage again, after mixing, carry out being dried to and be moisturely less than 15% weight, then granulate, namely obtain feather fermentation protein feedstuff.
Ferment filtrate is pressed different quality percentage and adds corn flour and wheat bran, the feed of different formulations can be obtained, measure the crude protein content in each feed and animal Vitro Digestibility, replace filtrate in contrast with distilled water, the results are shown in following table 1:
Table 1 adds and the contrast not adding feather fermentation protein feedstuff
| Sequence number | Forage compounding | Crude protein, % | Vitro Digestibility, % | Contrast batching | Crude protein, % | Vitro Digestibility, % |
| 1 | 6％a+4％b+100ml c | 29.339 | 91.073 | 6％a+4％b+100ml d | 27.850 | 87.516 |
| 2 | 7％a+4％b+100ml c | 28.550 | 92.349 | 7％a+4％b+100ml d | 25.079 | 87.795 |
| 3 | 6％a+5％b+100ml c | 29.258 | 89.567 | 6％a+5％b+100ml d | 28.589 | 87.821 |
| 4 | 7％a+5％b+100ml c | 28.669 | 90.857 | 7％a+5％b+100ml d | 26.969 | 88.721 |
Note: a corn flour; B wheat bran; C feather zymotic fluid; D distilled water.
The poultry feather raw material used in the present invention also can be selected from the chicken in slaughterhouse, duck or/and goose feather, or Eider down processing leftover bits and pieces; Directly can use without cutting.
As seen from Table 1, only with the feed of corn flour and wheat bran proportioning, than same proportioning, the feed adding feather zymotic fluid, its crude protein content and Vitro Digestibility are all significantly improved.In the fermentation protein feedstuff made for auxiliary material with corn flour and wheat bran, crude protein content mass percent reaches 28.6-29.5%, and Vitro Digestibility reaches 89.5-92.4%.The protein feed adopting the inventive method to prepare has natural corn and wheat fragrance, good palatability, has aid digestion and growth promoting effects.The zymotic fluid that the present invention utilizes feather fermentation to obtain can serve as the protein source in substrate feed.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a feather fermentation protein feedstuff, first poultry feather raw material is carried out washing and dry process, it is characterized in that: add 20-30 by every kilogram of dry feather and rise in minimal medium, mixing, 115-121 DEG C of sterilizing 15-20 minute, is cooled to room temperature; In the minimal medium adding feather, bacillus licheniformis seed liquor is inoculated according to the volume ratio of 3-5%; Carry out ventilating fermentation by every cubic metre of solution filtrated air 0.15-0.18 cubic meter that passes into per minute, control temperature is 30-37 DEG C, ferments to feather and dissolves completely; After filtering fermentation liquor removal of impurities, in filtrate, add mass percent is the corn flour of 6-7% and the wheat bran of 4-5%, after mixing, is dried to and is moisturely less than 15% weight, granulation, namely obtain feather fermentation protein feedstuff;
Described minimal medium, for add 0.5g ammonium chloride, 0.5g sodium chloride, 0.3g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.24g magnesium chloride hexahydrate and 0.1g yeast extract in every premium on currency, adjusts its pH and 9 to form;
Described bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, by Bacillus lichenformis MML2501, formed to by the proportions of composition by beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, sodium chloride 5g and water 1000ml by the inclined plane inoculating preserved, pH is adjusted to be in the fluid nutrient medium of 7.2-7.4,35-37 DEG C, 180r/min shaking table cultivation 20-24 hour, the bacillus licheniformis seed liquor obtained.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106244494A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 昆明理工大学 | One strain ground bacillus bacterial strain and application thereof |
| CN106260494A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽三祥羽毛有限公司 | A kind of processing method of feather albumen powder |
| CN106689676A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 生物源生物技术（深圳）股份有限公司 | Application of waste feather fermentation product in preparation of hermetia illucens feed |
| CN107099472A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-29 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of bacillus cereus and its application in degradation of feather |
| CN109619268A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-16 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | A kind of amino acid polypeptide feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110663817A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-01-10 | 东北农业大学 | Application of lactococcus lactis KDLL2016-01 in preparation of protein feed by fermenting feathers |
| CN110669685A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-01-10 | 东北农业大学 | Probiotic capable of degrading feather keratin and application thereof |
| CN110839758A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 广西民族大学 | Feed |
| CN115039844A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-13 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | Pigeon feed taking shaddock peel and waste feather as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN115067435A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-20 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | High-protein pigeon feed taking waste feathers, pericarps and schizochytrium limacinum fungus residues as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN115316496A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | Method for preparing high-protein probiotic animal feed by using waste feathers |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106260494A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽三祥羽毛有限公司 | A kind of processing method of feather albumen powder |
| CN106244494A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 昆明理工大学 | One strain ground bacillus bacterial strain and application thereof |
| CN106689676B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 生物源生物技术（深圳）股份有限公司 | Application of waste feather fermentation product in preparation of hermetia illucens feed |
| CN106689676A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 生物源生物技术（深圳）股份有限公司 | Application of waste feather fermentation product in preparation of hermetia illucens feed |
| CN107099472A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-29 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of bacillus cereus and its application in degradation of feather |
| CN107099472B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2020-11-03 | 金陵科技学院 | Bacillus cereus and application thereof in feather degradation |
| CN109619268A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-16 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | A kind of amino acid polypeptide feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110669685A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-01-10 | 东北农业大学 | Probiotic capable of degrading feather keratin and application thereof |
| CN110663817A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-01-10 | 东北农业大学 | Application of lactococcus lactis KDLL2016-01 in preparation of protein feed by fermenting feathers |
| CN110663817B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2022-09-27 | 东北农业大学 | Application of lactococcus lactis KDLL2016-01 in preparation of protein feed by fermenting feathers |
| CN110669685B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2022-11-22 | 东北农业大学 | Probiotic capable of degrading feather keratin and application thereof |
| CN110839758A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 广西民族大学 | Feed |
| CN110839758B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2023-07-21 | 广西民族大学 | Feed |
| CN115039844A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-13 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | Pigeon feed taking shaddock peel and waste feather as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN115067435A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-20 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | High-protein pigeon feed taking waste feathers, pericarps and schizochytrium limacinum fungus residues as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN115316496A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | Method for preparing high-protein probiotic animal feed by using waste feathers |
| CN115316496B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-10-31 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | Method for preparing high-protein probiotic animal feed by using waste feathers |
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Application publication date: 20160406 |