CN105453894A - Method for high-yield of bottle-cultivated golden mushroom - Google Patents
Method for high-yield of bottle-cultivated golden mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN105453894A CN105453894A CN201510850422.2A CN201510850422A CN105453894A CN 105453894 A CN105453894 A CN 105453894A CN 201510850422 A CN201510850422 A CN 201510850422A CN 105453894 A CN105453894 A CN 105453894A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for high-yield of bottle-cultivated golden mushroom and belongs to the technical field of edible mushrooms. The method comprises steps of (1) bacterial strain selection, (2) ingredient preparation, (3) material packing, disinfection (4), cooling (5), inoculation (6), mycelium culture (7), fruiting management (8) and harvest (9). By the use of the cultivation method, golden mushroom output and quality can be improved, production period can be shortened; golden mushroom marketability can be enhanced; and golden mushroom production efficiency and economic benefits can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that bottle carries Asparagus high yield, belong to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
The cultivation history of China's Asparagus is long, as far back as sixth century of Christian era, has described inoculation and the cultural method of structure bacterium in the Important Arts for the People's Welfare of Jia Sixie, and nineteen twenty-eight, a gloomy man of virtue and ability three youth of Japan sent out the clear cultivation being raw material with wood chip and rice bran.1930's, the Qiu Weifan of China, the people such as Pan Zhinong have also carried out bottle and have planted test, the beginning of the eighties, China started to adopt polypropylene plastics bag cultivating, replace traditional glass bottle, carry out seasonality cultivation, Japan is from the sixties, various automation control appliance is utilized to form the system of a set of anniversary factorial praluction Asparagus, intelligentized control method growing environment, achieve fresh mushroom and produce the anniversary, target level of product quality, Taiwan Province of China starts the end of the sixties industrial and annual cultivation carrying out Asparagus, its cultivated strains technological process raw material of different manufacturers is roughly close, all be similar to Japanese technique, the Asparagus manufacturing enterprise in Taiwan is due to the rising of Taiwan labor cost and market limitation in recent years, carry out investment in mainland one after another to found the factory, its factory culture is own through reaching high mechanization and automatic control level.
At present, the future developing trend that pattern is the factorial praluction such as Asparagus planted by bottle.But, the formula of major part factory culture or formula that is unalterable or pocket type cultivation before continuing to use, yield of flammulina velutipes can not get improving with quality, in today that raw material and cost of labor rise steadily, how to ensure that economic benefit is particularly important, the plant formulation test therefore carrying out bottle cultivation Asparagus factorial praluction seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned existing technical problem, the invention provides a kind of method that bottle carries Asparagus high yield, provide rational composition of raw materials to the good quality and high output of bottle being planted to Asparagus, improve bottle and plant the output of Asparagus with quality.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of method that bottle carries Asparagus high yield, comprise following concrete steps:
(1) bacterial classification is selected: select, mycelia healthy and strong without miscellaneous bacteria, mycelial growth just covered with without aging, be applicable to Varieties in Flammulina velutipes that local weather grows as provenance.
(2) prepare burden: by corncob, rice bran, cotton seed hulls, sugar beet pulp, wheat bran, corn flour, beer groove, soybean skin, conch meal mixing and stirring, first dry mixing 20 minutes, rewetting stirs 30 minutes, obtains culture medium for golden mushroom.
Further, the mass ratio of above-mentioned each raw material is: corncob 29%, rice bran 41%, cotton seed hulls 6%, sugar beet pulp 6%, wheat bran 6%, corn flour 3%, brewer's grains 1.8%, soybean skin 1.8%, conch meal 3.5%, moisture controls at 66%-68%, PH at 6.2-6.8, and single bottle heavily controls at about 900g.
(3) feed: culture medium for golden mushroom is put into Polypropylene bottle, the medium after must bottling after capping.
(4) sterilizing: the medium after bottling is carried out sterilizing, and temperature is 121 DEG C, and pressure is 0.13Mpa, and the time is 2.5-5h, obtains the bottled medium after sterilizing.
(5) cool: in cooling chamber, the bottled medium after sterilizing being cooled to central temperature is 10-18 DEG C, obtains cooled bottled medium; Further, cooling chamber environmental temperature maintains 12 DEG C.
(6) inoculate: Needle mushroom strain is implanted in cooled bottled medium connecing bacterium indoor employing Inoculation machine, every bottle graft bacterial classification 10-15g; Further, connect bacterium room environmental temperature and maintain 10-18 DEG C.
(7) Mycelium culture: after inoculating, seed bottle moves into closed cultural hypha room, and environmental temperature maintains 18-20 DEG C, and air humidity is 60%, and timing ventilation, the Mycelium culture phase is 22-24d, treats medium bottle Nei Wenduda 21 DEG C.
(8) management of producing mushroom: mycelia urges flower bud after covering with seed bottle, the temperature that controls environment is 13-14 DEG C, air humidity is 80%-90%, cultivates and can budding for 7 days, until forming fruit body, bacteria cover diameter is 1mm, stem long 3-5mm time ventilate.Then the temperature that controls environment is 4 DEG C, air humidity is 80%-85%, cultivates 10 days.When fruit body height bottle outlet 2-3cm, by fan-shaped, angle of release be the drum sheath of 15 ° on bottleneck, make Asparagus vertical-growth, the temperature that controls environment be 6-7 DEG C, air humidity is 85%, cultivate 5-6 days.When fruit body grows to 10cm, use automation to suppress machine to be dried to cap, make cap, stem drying is turned white, neatly.
(9) gather: treat the long 15-16cm of Asparagus, cap volume is in hemispherical and diameter is 1-2cm, and stem root root is clear, when rounding is tall and straight, can pluck.
Culture medium prescription C/N ratio of the present invention is more suitable for factory culture Asparagus production model, and the nutrition provided rationally is enriched.During management of producing mushroom, bottle cultivating method of the present invention makes the fruiting time greatly shorten, bacterial strain growing way has had obvious change, bacterial strain growing way is tight, vigorous, microbiological contamination rate obviously reduces, and changes commodity value on the low side, and biological efficiency is lower, the situation such as yield poorly, and improves production efficiency and the economic benefit of Asparagus.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Supplying during the invention process tries the C1157 bacterial classification of bacterial classification employing from Jiangsu Kang Sheng agricultural development Co., Ltd, and the concrete steps that Asparagus high-yield method planted by bottle are as follows.
(1) bacterial classification is selected: select, mycelia healthy and strong without miscellaneous bacteria, mycelial growth just covered with without aging, be applicable to Varieties in Flammulina velutipes that local weather grows as provenance.
(2) prepare burden: raw material and the mass ratio thereof of supporting base are: corncob 29%, rice bran 41%, cotton seed hulls 6%, sugar beet pulp 6%, wheat bran 6%, corn flour 3%, brewer's grains 1.8%, soybean skin 1.8%, conch meal 3.5%, moisture controls at 66%-68%, PH is at 6.2-6.8, and single bottle heavily controls at about 900g.Mixed by above-mentioned raw materials, first dry mixing 20 minutes, rewetting stirs 30 minutes, obtains culture medium for golden mushroom.
(3) feed: the medium prepared in step (2) is put into seed bottle.This seed bottle adopts 750 ~ 1000ml to adopt 1100cc Polypropylene bottle, and bottleneck diameter is 78mm, and every bottled material is about 850g, charging can not too tight also can not too pine, become to tighten lower loose shape, to see in medium slightly, space is as well; And use machine to bottle, charge level elasticity is suitable for, and make a call to five holes, aperture is complete, automatic sealing, obtains the medium after bottling.
(4) sterilizing: adopt the intelligent high-temperature sterilization furnace of bi-directional door, every platform sterilization stove sterilization capability sterilising prods can reach 9216 bottles, it is 121 DEG C by the medium holding temperature in sterilization stove after bottling in step (3), pressure is 0.13Mpa, continuous sterilization 2.5-5h, obtains the bottled medium after sterilizing.
(5) cool: in the cooling chamber that cleanliness factor is ten thousand grades of environment, maintain environmental temperature at 12 DEG C, the bottled medium in cooling step (4) after sterilizing, it is 10-18 DEG C that the bottled medium after sterilizing is cooled to central temperature, obtains cooled bottled medium.
(6) inoculate: be independently furnished with effective filter and cleanliness factor be ten thousand grades connect bacterium indoor, the automatic Inoculation machine of import is adopted to connect bacterium, bacterial classification C1157 is seeded in the bottled medium in step (5), and every bottle graft bacterial classification 10-15g, connect bacterium room environmental temperature and maintain 10-18 DEG C.
(7) Mycelium culture: maintain 18 to 20 DEG C in environmental temperature, mycelia is cultivated in the closed cultural hypha room of humidity 60%, and want timing ventilation between bacteria developing period, the Mycelium culture phase is 22-24d, when the time comes medium bottle Nei Wenduda 21 DEG C.
(8) management of producing mushroom: mycelia urges flower bud after covering with seed bottle, environmental temperature 13-14 DEG C, under the condition of air humidity at 80%-90%, cultivate and just can budding for 7 days, when forming fruit body, bacteria cover diameter is 1mm, stem long 3-5mm time ventilate.
Then keep environmental temperature 4 DEG C, under the condition of air humidity at 80%-85%, cultivate 10 days, during this period, when fruit body grows to bottleneck, mistake is after 2-3 days, and fruit body just can high bottle outlet 2-3cm.
When fruit body just can after high bottle outlet 2-3cm, by fan-shaped, angle of release be the drum sheath of 15 ° on bottleneck, encase Asparagus fruit body, make Asparagus vertical-growth, and the temperature maintaining environment is at 6-7 DEG C, air humidity is 85%.
Then, after cover reel, cultivate 5-6 days, when fruit body grows to 10cm, use automation to suppress machine to be dried to cap, make cap, stem drying is turned white, neatly.
(9) gather: when Asparagus grows to 15-16cm length, cap is rolled up in hemispherical, stem root root is clear, and rounding is tall and straight, during diameter about 1cm, can pluck.The method of plucking, for pinning bottleneck on the other hand, is held mushroom gently on the other hand, is pulled up from culture matrix, and base portion excision is clean, is placed in applicable container.
In actual production, the method for bottle cultivation Asparagus of the present invention has the advantage of good quality and high output.First, mycelia after medium access bacterial classification sends out bacterium speed and obviously accelerates, mycelium growth vigor is even, strong, vigorous, incubation time can complete at 22-24 days, 3-4 days is shortened than the 25-28 days incubation times adopting original culture medium prescription to carry out, greatly accelerate cultural hypha speed, shorten the production cycle, improve the turnover rate cultivating room.Secondly, in the process of Mycelium culture and management of producing mushroom, bacterial strain growing way has had obvious change, bacterial strain growing way is tight, vigorous, and microbiological contamination rate is lower, only has about 1 ‰, the microbiological contamination rate that can produce compared with previous methods has had obvious reduction, improves the quality of Asparagus.Moreover Asparagus single bottle of output planted by bottle is 330-350g, and biological transformation ratio, at 114%-117%, improves the output of Asparagus, change commodity value in the past on the low side, and biological efficiency is lower, the situation such as yield poorly.
Claims (5)
1. bottle carries a method for Asparagus high yield, it is characterized in that, comprises following concrete steps:
(1) bacterial classification is selected: select, mycelia healthy and strong without miscellaneous bacteria, mycelial growth just covered with without aging, be applicable to Varieties in Flammulina velutipes that local weather grows as provenance;
(2) prepare burden: by corncob, rice bran, cotton seed hulls, sugar beet pulp, wheat bran, corn flour, beer groove, soybean skin, conch meal mixing and stirring, first dry mixing 20 minutes, rewetting stirs 30 minutes, obtains culture medium for golden mushroom;
(3) feed: culture medium for golden mushroom is put into Polypropylene bottle, the medium after must bottling after capping;
(4) sterilizing: the medium after bottling is carried out sterilizing, and temperature is 121 DEG C, and pressure is 0.13Mpa, and the time is 2.5-5h, obtains the bottled medium after sterilizing;
(5) cool: in cooling chamber, the bottled medium after sterilizing being cooled to central temperature is 10-18 DEG C, obtains cooled bottled medium;
(6) inoculate: Needle mushroom strain is implanted in cooled bottled medium connecing bacterium indoor employing Inoculation machine, every bottle graft bacterial classification 10-15g;
(7) Mycelium culture: after inoculating, seed bottle moves into closed cultural hypha room, and environmental temperature maintains 18-20 DEG C, and air humidity is 60%, and timing ventilation, the Mycelium culture phase is 22-24d, treats medium bottle Nei Wenduda 21 DEG C;
(8) management of producing mushroom: mycelia urges flower bud after covering with seed bottle, the temperature that controls environment is 13-14 DEG C, air humidity is 80%-90%, cultivates and can budding for 7 days, until forming fruit body, bacteria cover diameter is 1mm, stem long 3-5mm time ventilate; Then the temperature that controls environment is 4 DEG C, air humidity is 80%-85%, cultivates 10 days; When fruit body height bottle outlet 2-3cm, by drum sheath on bottleneck, make Asparagus vertical-growth, the temperature that controls environment is 6-7 DEG C, air humidity is 85%, cultivate 5-6 days; When fruit body grows to 10cm, use automation to suppress machine to be dried to cap, make cap, stem drying is turned white, neatly;
(9) gather: treat the long 15-16cm of Asparagus, cap volume is in hemispherical and diameter is 1-2cm, and stem root root is clear, when rounding is tall and straight, can pluck.
2. a kind of bottle according to claim 1 carries the method for Asparagus high yield, it is characterized in that, the mass ratio of the raw material in described step (2) is: corncob 29%, rice bran 41%, cotton seed hulls 6%, sugar beet pulp 6%, wheat bran 6%, corn flour 3%, brewer's grains 1.8%, soybean skin 1.8%, conch meal 3.5%, moisture controls at 66%-68%, PH is at 6.2-6.8, and single bottle heavily controls at about 900g.
3. a kind of bottle according to claim 1 carries the method for Asparagus high yield, it is characterized in that, the cooling chamber environmental temperature in described step (5) maintains 12 DEG C.
4. a kind of bottle according to claim 1 carries the method for Asparagus high yield, it is characterized in that, the bacterium room environmental temperature that connects in described step (6) maintains 10-18 DEG C.
5. a kind of bottle according to claim 1 carries the method for Asparagus high yield, it is characterized in that, the reel in described step (8) is fan-shaped, and angle of release is 15 °.
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| CN201510850422.2A CN105453894A (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | Method for high-yield of bottle-cultivated golden mushroom |
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| CN201510850422.2A CN105453894A (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | Method for high-yield of bottle-cultivated golden mushroom |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105766381A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-07-20 | 吉林省生物研究所 | Artificial cultivation method for lampteromyces japonicus |
| CN106069186A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 铜仁市侗菇菌业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of mushroom |
| CN106665117A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-17 | 河池市农业科学研究所 | Needle mushroom bottle cultivation method |
| CN107624501A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-26 | 广西龙州北部湾现代农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of asparagus |
| CN108419603A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-21 | 重庆市宽哥农业发展有限公司 | The cultural method of selenium-rich gold needle mushroom |
| CN108901586A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-11-30 | 邵阳市云新高科农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of needle mushroom |
| CN110073899A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-02 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of breeding method of bottle of cultivation needle mushroom |
| CN115413531A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-02 | 福建万辰生物科技股份有限公司 | Culture material for culturing needle mushrooms and needle mushroom culturing method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105766381A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-07-20 | 吉林省生物研究所 | Artificial cultivation method for lampteromyces japonicus |
| CN106069186A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 铜仁市侗菇菌业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of mushroom |
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| CN108901586A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-11-30 | 邵阳市云新高科农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of needle mushroom |
| CN107624501A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-26 | 广西龙州北部湾现代农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of asparagus |
| CN108419603A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-21 | 重庆市宽哥农业发展有限公司 | The cultural method of selenium-rich gold needle mushroom |
| CN110073899A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-02 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of breeding method of bottle of cultivation needle mushroom |
| CN115413531A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-02 | 福建万辰生物科技股份有限公司 | Culture material for culturing needle mushrooms and needle mushroom culturing method |
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