CN105451240B - A kind of anti-interference frequency spectrum access method of two-way cooperation based on time and bandwidth combined optimization - Google Patents
A kind of anti-interference frequency spectrum access method of two-way cooperation based on time and bandwidth combined optimization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of anti-interference frequency spectrum access method of two-way cooperation based on time and bandwidth combined optimization, in the method, cognitive user access the frequency spectrum of primary user by two-way cooperation mode；If cognitive user can help primary user to reach targeted rate, primary user will distribute portion of time to understanding user, it is authorized to access the frequency spectrum of oneself；Otherwise cognitive user would not be allowed to access the frequency spectrum of oneself.After cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of primary user, it is utilized respectively the information that different bandwidth sends primary user and oneself.The present invention, which effectively eliminates, interferes with each other the problem of frequency spectrum caused by with semiduplex mode under unidirectional cooperation mode loses between primary user and cognitive user, promote user performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cognitive radio communication in the field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a frequency spectrum access method.
Background
With the development of wireless communication, wireless communication users are increasing, service requirements are rapidly increasing, and limited wireless spectrum resources gradually become bottlenecks that restrict the development of wireless communication systems. A lot of research reports of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the united states indicate that the utilization rate of the current wireless spectrum is low, only 15% -85%, most of the spectrum is not fully utilized most of the time, the usage of the spectrum is unbalanced, some unlicensed bands are too crowded, and some licensed bands are often in an idle state. It can be seen that the main reasons for the shortage of spectrum resources are the existing static spectrum management method and spectrum allocation strategy. The cognitive radio technology can sense the surrounding wireless communication environment, the authorized spectrum is accessed opportunistically on the premise that the normal communication of a master user is not influenced, the working parameters of the system are changed adaptively to adapt to the change of the operating environment through a certain learning and decision algorithm, and the multidimensional multiplexing of the spectrum in time, frequency and space can be carried out, so that the utilization rate of the spectrum resource is improved.
In the cognitive radio coexistence type spectrum access method, a cognitive user is allowed to share the same frequency band with a master user on the premise of meeting a certain requirement. However, in the access method, interference always exists between the primary user and the cognitive user, so that originally very limited spectrum resources cannot be fully utilized, and the performances of the primary user and the cognitive user are also affected by the interference. And the spectrum access method is one-way cooperative, and has inherent loss of spectrum efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the existing coexisting spectrum access technology, the problem of mutual interference between a master user and a cognitive user is solved, and the defect of low spectrum utilization rate is overcome.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a two-way cooperation anti-interference spectrum access method based on time and bandwidth joint optimization is disclosed, wherein a radio communication system comprises a main system and a cognitive system, the main system comprises a main user A and a main user B, the cognitive system consists of a cognitive user sending end S and a cognitive user receiving end D, and radio protocols and system parameters in the main system can be simulated; the main system supports a relay function and has an authorized frequency spectrum consisting of a section of W bandwidth; the bidirectional cooperation anti-interference spectrum access method based on the time and bandwidth joint optimization comprises the following steps:
1) the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master user in a cooperative mode, and after receiving the information of the master user, the cognitive user helps to forward the information of the master user in a decoding and forwarding cooperative mode;
2) computer masterRate R obtained after users A and B collaborate and help through cognitive usersAAnd RB；
3) If R isA≥RATAnd R isB≥RBTThe master user can allocate a part of time to the cognitive user, authorize the cognitive user to access the frequency spectrum of the master user, and after the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master system, the master user transmits the information of the master user by using a part of bandwidth and transmits the information of the master user by using the rest bandwidth; otherwise, the master user continues to send own information through direct transmission;
the problem of time and bandwidth joint allocation between a main user and a cognitive user is modeled as follows:
satisfies the following conditions
Wherein R isATAnd RBTthe method comprises the steps of respectively representing target rates of primary users A and B, wherein T is { m, β }, B is { α, beta }, m and β respectively represent the time proportion of the primary users A and B for sending own information in a first time slot and a second time slot, and α and beta respectively represent the bandwidth proportion of cognitive users for helping the primary users A and B to forward the information in a third time slotA、RBAnd RSRespectively representing the rate obtained by a master user A, a master user B and a cognitive user S after the cognitive user accesses the master user frequency spectrum:
RA＝min{RAS,RSB} (3)
RB＝min{RBS,RSA} (4)
wherein, PSRepresenting the transmit power, gamma, of the cognitive user SSDIndicates the channel gain, sigma, of the link from the cognitive user sending end to the cognitive user receiving end2Representing noise power spectral density, RASAnd RSBIndicating the rates achieved by primary user a in the first and second slots, respectively:
wherein, PAindicating the transmission power, gamma, of primary user AAS,γSBAnd gammaABRespectively representing the channel gain of a link from a master user A to a cognitive user sending end, the channel gain of the link from the cognitive user sending end to a master user B and the channel gain of the link from the master user A to the master user B, RBSAnd RSAIndicating the rates achieved by primary user B in the first and second slots, respectively:
wherein PBIndicating the transmission power, gamma, of the primary user BBS,γSAAnd gammaBARespectively representing the channel gain of a link from a master user B to a cognitive user sending end, the channel gain of the link from the cognitive user sending end to a master user A and the channel gain of the link from the master user B to the master user A;
obtaining an optimal time allocation by a mathematical optimization method:
according to RSBAnd RSAobtaining the optimal bandwidth allocation under 4 different conditionsWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
② whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
③ whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
fourthly whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
further, in the step 2), the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master user in a decoding and forwarding cooperation mode through three time slots;
in the 1 st time slot, a master user A sends information to a cognitive user S by using an m time slot, and the transmission rate of an A → S link is as follows:
in the 2 nd time slot, the master user B sends information to the cognitive user S end by using the n time slot, and the transmission rate of the B → S link is as follows:
in the 3 rd time slot, the cognitive user S utilizes the bandwidth of alpha W and PSthe power of/3 is used for assisting the main user A to transmit information, and the bandwidth of beta W and P are usedSThe power of/3 is used for helping the primary user B to transmit information, and after maximum ratio combination, the transmission rates of the S → B link and the S → A link are respectively as follows:
so the rates obtained by primary users a and B with the help of the cognitive user S through three slots are:
RA＝min{RAS,RSB} (3)
RB＝min{RBS,RSA} (4)
meanwhile, the cognitive user sends own information by using the rest (1- α - β) W bandwidth and (1-m-n) time slot, so that the cognitive user obtains the following rate:
the technical conception of the invention is as follows: in the coexisting spectrum access method, the cognitive users and the master users use the same spectrum to communicate simultaneously, and interference always exists between the cognitive users and the master users, so that originally very limited spectrum resources cannot be fully utilized, and the performances of the master users and the cognitive users are influenced by the interference. Moreover, the spectrum access method uses a one-way cooperation mode, and the loss of spectrum efficiency is caused by the half-duplex working mode. According to the method, the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master user in a two-way cooperation mode, the master user and the cognitive user send information through different time and bandwidth respectively, and the problem of interference between the master user and the cognitive user can be effectively solved. Meanwhile, the cognitive system is accessed to the frequency spectrum of the master user in a bidirectional cooperation mode, and the frequency spectrum utilization rate can be improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the interference problem of a master user and a cognitive user in the coexisting spectrum access method is solved; (2) the frequency spectrum utilization rate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional cooperative anti-interference spectrum access model of the method of the present invention, wherein hij，i,j∈{A,B,S,D}，i ≠ j, is the channel coefficient of Rayleigh flat fading channel, and hij＝hjiCompliance withWhere v is the path loss exponent, dijThe method comprises the steps of (a) broadcasting respective information for a main user A and a main user B, and (B) broadcasting the information of the main user and the information of the main user for a cognitive user S.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the time and bandwidth joint optimization coefficients α, β, m and n as a function of S position in the method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the transmission rate of a primary user and a cognitive user as a function of S-position when the cognitive user gains spectrum access.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a bidirectional cooperation anti-interference spectrum access method based on time and bandwidth joint optimization is realized based on an existing radio communication system, wherein the radio communication system comprises a main system and a cognitive system, the main system comprises a main user a and a main user B, the main system supports a relay function and has an authorized spectrum consisting of a section of W bandwidth, and the cognitive system comprises a cognitive user transmitting terminal S and a cognitive receiving terminal D. The cognitive system is able to model radio protocols and system parameters in the host system.
In the method of the embodiment, the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master user in a bidirectional cooperation mode. After receiving the information of the master user, the cognitive user helps to forward the information of the master user in a decoding and forwarding cooperation mode. If the primary users A and B obtain the rate R after cooperative assistance of cognitive usersAAnd RBAre all greater than their target rate, i.e. RA≥RATAnd RB≥RBTThe master user will allocate a portion of the timeThe method comprises the steps that a cognitive user is authorized to access a frequency spectrum of the cognitive user, after the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of a main system, information of a main user is forwarded by using a part of bandwidth, and the information of the cognitive user is sent by using the rest bandwidth; otherwise, the master user continues to send own information through direct transmission.
In the embodiment, after the cognitive user accesses the primary user frequency spectrum, the transmission rates R of the primary users A and BAAnd RBAnd rate R obtained by cognitive userSCan be obtained by the following method:
the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master user in a decoding and forwarding cooperation mode through three time slots; in the 1 st time slot, a master user A sends information to a cognitive user S by using an m time slot, and the transmission rate of an A → S link is as follows:
in the 2 nd time slot, the master user B sends information to the cognitive user S end by using the n time slot, and the transmission rate of the B → S link is as follows:
in the 3 rd time slot, the cognitive user S utilizes the bandwidth of alpha W and PSthe power of/3 is used for assisting the main user A to transmit information, and the bandwidth of beta W and P are usedSThe power of/3 is used for helping the primary user B to transmit information, and after maximum ratio combination, the transmission rates of the S → B link and the S → A link are respectively as follows:
so the rates obtained by primary users a and B with the help of the cognitive user S through three slots are:
RA＝min{RAS,RSB} (3)
RB＝min{RBS,RSA} (4)
meanwhile, the cognitive user sends own information by using the rest (1- α - β) W bandwidth and (1-m-n) time slot, so that the cognitive user obtains the following rate:
the time and bandwidth allocation method in this embodiment specifically includes:
the time and bandwidth allocation between the primary user and the cognitive user can be modeled as:
satisfies the following conditions
Obtaining an optimal time allocation by a mathematical optimization method:
according to RSBAnd RSAobtaining the optimal bandwidth allocation under 4 different conditionsWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
② whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
③ whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
fourthly whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
the bidirectional cooperation anti-interference spectrum access method based on time and bandwidth joint optimization can effectively eliminate the interference problem of a master user and a cognitive user in the coexistence spectrum access method, and can improve the spectrum utilization rate.
in the spectrum access method of the embodiment, the cognitive user occupies time 1-m-n in the third time slot authorized by the master user, accesses the spectrum of the master user, and the cognitive user uses a part of alpha W bandwidth obtained by access to help forward the information of the master user A and uses beta W bandwidth to help forward the information of the master user Ain this embodiment, assume that A, B and S are located on the same straight line, A and B are located at (0, 0) and (1, 0), respectively, S moves from A to B in the positive X half axis, and D is located 0.4 directly above S, so DAB＝1，dBS＝1-dAS，dSD0.4. Assuming that the path loss exponent v is 4, the granted bandwidth W is 1, and the noise power spectral density σ2The transmission power of the main user and the transmission power of the cognitive user are respectively P (1)A＝PB10dB and PS20 dB. The optimal joint allocation of time and bandwidth for the spectrum allocation method of the present invention is shown in fig. 2.
The spectrum access method of the embodiment effectively improves the spectrum utilization rate. Fig. 3 shows the rates of the master user and the cognitive user after the spectrum access method of the present invention is adopted, and it can be seen that after the spectrum access method of the present invention is adopted, the cognitive user can obtain a larger transmission rate while the master user can reach the target rate.
Claims (2)
1. A two-way cooperation anti-interference spectrum access method based on time and bandwidth joint optimization is disclosed, wherein a radio communication system comprises a main system and a cognitive system, the main system comprises a main user A and a main user B, the cognitive system consists of a cognitive user sending end S and a cognitive user receiving end D, and radio protocols and system parameters in the main system can be simulated; the method is characterized in that: the main system supports a relay function and has an authorized frequency spectrum consisting of a section of W bandwidth; the bidirectional cooperation anti-interference spectrum access method based on the time and bandwidth joint optimization comprises the following steps:
1) the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master user in a cooperative mode, and after receiving the information of the master user, the cognitive user helps to forward the information of the master user in a decoding and forwarding cooperative mode;
2) calculating the rate R obtained by the main users A and B after the cooperation help of the cognitive usersAAnd RB；
3) If R isA≥RATAnd R isB≥RBTThe master user can allocate a part of time to the cognitive user, authorize the cognitive user to access the frequency spectrum of the master user, and after the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the master system, the master user transmits the information of the master user by using a part of bandwidth and transmits the information of the master user by using the rest bandwidth; otherwise, the master user continues to send own information through direct transmission;
the problem of time and bandwidth joint allocation between a main user and a cognitive user is modeled as follows:
satisfies the following conditions
Wherein R isATAnd RBTrespectively representing target rates of primary users A and B, T being { m, n }, B being { α, beta }, m and n respectively representing the time proportion occupied by the primary users A and B for sending own information in a first time slot and a second time slot, α and beta respectively representing the bandwidth proportion used by a cognitive user for helping the primary users A and B to forward the information in a third time slot, and RA、RBAnd RSRespectively representing the rate obtained by a master user A, a master user B and a cognitive user S after the cognitive user accesses the master user frequency spectrum:
RA＝min{RAS,RSB} (3)
RB＝min{RBS,RSA} (4)
wherein, PSRepresenting the transmit power, gamma, of the cognitive user SSDIndicates the channel gain, sigma, of the link from the cognitive user sending end to the cognitive user receiving end2Representing noise power spectral density, RASAnd RSBIndicating the rates achieved by primary user a in the first and second slots, respectively:
wherein, PAindicating the transmission power, gamma, of primary user AAS,γSBAnd gammaABRespectively representing the channel gain of a link from a master user A to a cognitive user sending end, the channel gain of the link from the cognitive user sending end to a master user B and the channel gain of the link from the master user A to the master user B, RBSAnd RSAIndicating the rates achieved by primary user B in the first and second slots, respectively:
wherein PBIndicating the transmission power, gamma, of the primary user BBS,γSAAnd gammaBARespectively representing the channel gain of a link from a master user B to a cognitive user sending end, the channel gain of the link from the cognitive user sending end to a master user A and the channel gain of the link from the master user B to the master user A;
obtaining an optimal time allocation by a mathematical optimization method:
according to RSBAnd RSAObtaining the optimal bandwidth allocation under 4 different conditions:
firstly, whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
② whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
③ whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
fourthly whenWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
2. the method for accessing spectrum against interference based on time and bandwidth joint optimization in two-way collaboration as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the authorized user in a decoding and forwarding cooperation mode through three time slots;
in the 1 st time slot, a master user A sends information to a cognitive user S by using an m time slot, and the transmission rate of an A → S link is as follows:
in the 2 nd time slot, the master user B sends information to the cognitive user S end by using the n time slot, and the transmission rate of the B → S link is as follows:
in the 3 rd time slot, the cognitive user S utilizes the bandwidth of alpha W and PSthe power of/3 is used for assisting the main user A to transmit information, and the bandwidth of beta W and P are usedSThe power of/3 is used for helping the primary user B to transmit information, and after maximum ratio combination, the transmission rates of the S → B link and the S → A link are respectively as follows:
so the rates obtained by primary users a and B with the help of the cognitive user S through three slots are:
RA＝min{RAS,RSB} (3)
RB＝min{RBS,RSA} (4)
meanwhile, the cognitive user sends own information by using the rest (1- α - β) W bandwidth and (1-m-n) time slot, so that the cognitive user obtains the following rate:
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| CN104010313A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Cooperation interference-resistant frequency spectrum access method based on Nash game theory |
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