CN105449669B - A kind of POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of meter and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of meter and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of meter and the POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, step：Based on data acquisition and supervisor control SCADA and Dynamic Thermal stabilization system DTR, power grid real-time running state information and running environment information are obtained, and electric system is counted and the estimation of the extended mode of line temperature and definite value, obtains the hot definite value of transmission line of electricity；Theoretical with reference to Dynamic Thermal definite value, calculating electric system allows the emergent control time；It is proposed judges the heat-staple New Set of electric system and calculates electric system thermostabilization margin of safety；Meter and the system emergency control Optimized model of temperature of electric transmission line characteristic are created, the optimum results of model are emergency control policy.Ensure system allow to eliminate in the time Line Flow is out-of-limit and voltage out-of-limit on the premise of so that control expense cost is minimum, i.e., takes into account performance driving economy while system operation security is fully ensured that, control structure more science, effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical engineering field, more particularly to the POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY of a kind of meter and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic
Control optimization method.
Background technology
Electric system has as mainstay of the national economy industry, its development for safely and steadily running to whole national economy
Drastically soaring and Electric Power Network Planning the hysteresis quality of very important effect, in recent years power load so that power transmission network is built
If speed has been difficult to keep up with the needs of economic development, the normal operating condition of network has become closer to transmit pole in it
Limit.Operation of power networks at this time will cause equipment overload in more fragile state, an accidental disturbance, so that system enters tightly
Anxious state, chain accident will be triggered by dealing with improperly, or even cause the whole network to have a power failure on a large scale, and cause immeasurable economic loss.Therefore,
In accident evolution, rapid development rationally effective Corrective control measure, eliminates get over wire loop section as effectively reducing in time
The important means that large-scale blackout occurs.
Whether conventional emergency control measure meet the judgement mark of thermostabilization constraint using maximum allowable hot current-carrying as system
Standard, American scholar Davis propose Dynamic Thermal definite value technology (Dynamic Thermal Rating, DTR) frame, and people start to anticipate
To know, circuit bearable load ability is not fixed value, but is changed with the change of time and ambient condition, and
The essence for limiting circuit transmission limit is temperature rather than electric current.Canadian scholar F Galina proposed that electric heating was coordinated in 2005
Concept so that the physical coupling relation between the electricity of element of transmitting electricity, heat becomes apparent from.Conventional emergency control allows the time really
Surely it is that a fixed control time is provided based on empirical value, but under different weather environments and operation of power networks state, line
The dynamic process of road temperature is also different, and unalterable setting is difficult in adapt to operation of power networks environment complicated and changeable, inevitably brings
Corrective control decision-making guards or advances rashly.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to solve the above-mentioned problems, there is provided the power train of a kind of meter and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic
System emergency control optimization method, the present invention are based on electric system heat endurance, with reference to Dynamic Thermal definite value frame, provide system permission
The definite emergent control time, and meter and the system emergency control Optimized model of temperature of electric transmission line characteristic are established, ensuring system
Allow to eliminate in the time Line Flow is out-of-limit and voltage out-of-limit on the premise of so that control expense cost is minimum, i.e., abundant
Ensure to take into account performance driving economy while system operation security, control structure more science, effectively.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of a kind of meter and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, includes the following steps：
First, based on data acquisition and supervisor control SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition) and Dynamic Thermal stabilization system DTR (Dynamic Thermal Rating) system, power grid real time execution is obtained
Status information and running environment information, and electric system is counted and temperature of electric transmission line and transmission line of electricity Dynamic Thermal definite value
Extended mode estimation, obtain transmission line of electricity Dynamic Thermal definite value；
With reference to the computational methods of transmission line of electricity Dynamic Thermal definite value, calculating electric system allows the emergent control time；
It is proposed judges the heat-staple New Set of electric system；
Emergent control time and the heat-staple New Set of electric system is allowed to create meter and transmission line of electricity according to electric system
The system emergency control Optimized model of temperature characterisitic, the optimum results of model include：Generated output power adjustment, cutting load amount
And generating set stoppage in transit capacity, the optimum results of model are emergency control policy.
The running state information includes transmission line of electricity voltage, electric current, power and temperature.
The running environment information includes wind direction, wind speed, temperature, intensity of sunshine residing for transmission line of electricity,
The calculation procedure of the hot definite value of transmission line of electricity is as follows：
Under the conditions of Operation of Electric Systems, temperature of electric transmission line change is related to running environment and the electric current of carrying, to transmission of electricity
For circuit, its temperature change is influenced by the electric current, wind speed, wind direction, sunshine and the environment temperature that carry.
Transmission line of electricity equation of heat balance to the mathematical expression of transmission line of electricity temperature of electric transmission line characteristic rule, embody as
Under：
I2R(Tc)+Qs=Qc+Qr (1)
I represents the electric current of transmission line of electricity carrying, QsRepresent conducting wire and receive sunshine heat absorption, QcRepresent cross-ventilation heat dissipation, QrGeneration
Table wire radiation radiates, R (Tc) temperature is represented as TcWhen conductor AC resistance.
The calculation procedure of the permission emergent control time is as follows：
When line current or external environment change, before temperature of electric transmission line reaches and stablizes, transmission line of electricity
Temperature is the process of a dynamic change, and transient state equation of heat balance is as follows：
ql(t)=I2Rref[1+α(T(t)-Td)] (3)
qs(t)=EtAtD (4)
qc(t)=Ac(T(t)-Ta(t)) (5)
qr(t)=Ar[(273+T(t))4-(273+Ta(t))4] (6)
Wherein, ql(t) resistance heating item, q are representeds(t) sunshine heat absorption item, q are representedc(t) heat loss through convection item, q are representedr(t)
Represent heat-radiation heat-dissipating item；T represents time, unit s；mlFor the quality of unit conductor, kg/m；CpFor the specific heat capacity of conductor material,
Unit J/ (kg DEG C)；CplFor the specific heat capacity of conductor material, J/ (kg DEG C)；T (t) runs mean temperature for transmission line of electricity, DEG C；
Tl(t) mean temperature, unit DEG C are run for circuit；I is the electric current for flowing through conductor, unit A；RrefManufactured for conductor
Nominal environment temperature T as defined in businessdUnder unit length resistance, unit Ω/m, transmission line of electricity resistance variation with temperature exists
Linear approximate relationship in setting range, α are the temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance of conductor material；TaFor the temperature of conductor surrounding environment, Ta(t)
For the temperature of conductor surrounding environment, AcFor convection transfer rate；ArFor radiation heat transfer coefficient；EtFor solar radiation power density；D
For conductor diameter.AtThe absorptivity of conductor；
In DTR systems, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, each meteorologic parameter of sunshine can survey acquisition in formula (2)-(6), when
When electric system enters the state of emergency by disturbance, although transmission line of electricity trend is out-of-limit at this time, due to the influence of thermal inertia,
The change of temperature will be late by electric current, and temperature of electric transmission line enters among dynamic change at this time.The time of its temperature dynamic change
Obtained by public (2).
To realize that the quick of emergent control time calculates, it is assumed that transmission line of electricity is in approximate thermal equilibrium shape before failure occurs
State, line temperature are obtained by formula (1) approximate calculation, and are directly tried to achieve after failure in line energizing flow IlThe lower temperature of electric transmission line of effect
Transient process Tl(t) and temperature dynamic changes to up to maximum permissible value and reaches TmaxTime tlIt is expressed as：
Wherein
TΣ=[(Ta+273)2+(Ts+273)2](Ts+Ta+546)
Wherein, Tl0The initial temperature of transmission line of electricity l before corresponding failure；TsFor the conservative power transmission line used during abbreviation
Road temperature parameter, is the maximum allowable running temperature of transmission line of electricity, all transmission line of electricity t after failurelReckling be allow it is tight
The time suddenly controlled, have：tmin=min (tl), l ∈ SL, i.e. emergent control need to be in tminIt is out-of-limit that current-carrying is eliminated in time.
The heat-staple New Set of judgement system：
When the temperature of all transmission of electricity elements in system allows running temperature without departing from its highest, then system is thermostabilization
's：
Tl(t)≤Tmax(9)；
Wherein, Tl(t) for transmission line of electricity in the temperature of t moment, TmaxFor the maximum allowable running temperature of transmission line of electricity.
The meter and the emergent control Optimized model based on temperature of electric transmission line characteristic：
1) object function
Using emergent control Least-cost as target, object function is expressed as：
min CR+CI+CP (10)
Wherein, CRFor generating set output power expense, CICompensation expense, C are unloaded for loadPRepresent generator compensation for stoppage
With；
Embody as follows：
CI(Di)=Σi∈SDbiΔPDi (12)
CP(ΔPGi)=Σi∈SPciΔPGi (13)
Wherein, SG is remaining power generation node set, and SD is load bus set；PGiRespectively i-node generating set is active
Output power decision value and ground state value；ΔPDiFor the active resection of load bus；aiFor the output power expense system of node i unit
Number；biValue coefficient, c are compensated for the unloading of node i loadiFor generator stoppage in transit cost coefficient, Δ PGiHave for generator node
Work(resection.
2) constraints
System power Constraints of Equilibrium：
Σi∈DiΔPDi=Σi∈SPΔPGi (14)
Node voltage amplitude constrains：
Wherein,V iRepresent the lower limit of node voltage,Represent the upper limit of node voltage, ViRepresent node voltage.
Load bus is limited with the excision of generator node power：
Wherein,For the upper limit of load bus active power,For the lower limit of load bus active power；For hair
The upper limit of motor node active power,For the lower limit of generator node active power.
Unit output power constrains：
Wherein, represent generated output power lower limit, represent the generated output power upper limit, represent generator output work
Rate；
Unit output power rate constraint：
In formula,For the maximal regulated speed of unit i, tminIt is the permission emergent control being calculated by formula (8)
Time,It is unit i in tminAllow the performance number increasedd or decreased in time.
Line temperature constrains：
Tl(t)≤Tmax
Wherein, Tl(t) it is temperature of the circuit l in t moment.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) influence of operation of power networks state and environmental parameter to the hot definite value of circuit is considered, and then calculates system and permits
Perhaps the time margin of emergent control, avoids the conservative by empirical value or advancing rashly property, and the emergent control time calculates more section
Learn, is accurate.
(2) temperature of electric transmission line elasticity theory frame is based on, proposes new electric system thermostabilization criterion and heat
The computational methods of stability margin.
The heat-staple traditional criterion of electric system is that whether have that Line Flow is out-of-limit in coefficient, with fixed circuit most
It is big allow current-carrying capacity as judge circuit whether the out-of-limit standard of trend.Temperature of electric transmission line elasticity theory points out, line temperature
Change lag behind the change of current-carrying, the influence of this thermal inertia causes line temperature change asynchronism occur with current-carrying, and
This quality factor for limiting circuit transmission capacity is temperature, therefore the present invention proposes new electric system thermostabilization criterion, i.e.,
When the temperature of all transmission of electricity elements in system allows running temperature without departing from its highest, then system is heat-staple.The present invention
By proposing a kind of judge index of new electric system heat endurance, and propose the calculating side of new thermostabilization margin of safety
Method, compared with traditional method, adds the heat-staple feasible security domain of electric system, as a result closer to actual value.
It is proposed a kind of meter and the emergency control method of temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, circuit is no longer used as using fixed thermocurrent
Out-of-limit judge index, but whether judge index is more limited to line temperature, taking into full account the thermal inertia of line temperature influences,
The feasible zone of optimization method is added, improves the security and economy of emergency control method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 divides schematic diagram for operation states of electric power system；
Fig. 2 is DTR system global structure figures；
Fig. 3 is emergency control method flow chart.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, operation states of electric power system is divided into four states by Fig. 1, it is respectively：Secure normal state, no
Secure normal state, state to be restored, the state of emergency, dangerous normal shape may be transitioned into secure normal state by disturbance
State, never secure normal state can be transitioned into by secure normal state by prevention and control；Disturbed in dangerous normal condition
It is dynamic to be transitioned into the state of emergency, it can be transitioned into dangerous normal condition from the state of emergency by Corrective control；From urgent shape
State can be transitioned into state to be restored by emergent control, and state to be restored can be transitioned into dangerous normal through over recovery control
State.
As shown in Fig. 2, respectively can be with by tension sensor, solar radiation sensor, wind sensor, temperature sensor
The tension force of transmission line of electricity is measured, the intensity of sunshine of surrounding environment, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, electric power can be measured by power-supply system
The information such as system voltage, electric current, power, these information, to data collection station, then pass through GPRS/ by data communication
Form and contact between GSM mobile communications networks and monitoring management platform, SCADA system is patted also by data communication and monitoring pipe
Platform is interrelated.
As shown in figure 3, electric system is expanded by the data message of SCADA system and DTR system acquisitions first
The Dynamic Thermal definite value of state estimation, then computing electric power line is opened up, then by transient state equation of heat balance, it is tight to calculate electric system
Anxious control time nargin, on this basis solves emergent control Optimized model, obtains generator and stops transport and holds with cutting load
Amount, finally implements emergency control policy.
Although above-mentioned be described the embodiment of the present invention with reference to attached drawing, model not is protected to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications that can be made or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of a kind of meter and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, it is characterized in that, including following step
Suddenly：
First, based on data acquisition and supervisor control SCADA and Dynamic Thermal stabilization system DTR, power grid real time execution is obtained
Status information and running environment information, and electric system is counted and temperature of electric transmission line and transmission line of electricity Dynamic Thermal definite value
Extended mode estimation, obtain transmission line of electricity Dynamic Thermal definite value；
With reference to the computational methods of transmission line of electricity Dynamic Thermal definite value, calculating electric system allows the emergent control time；
It is proposed judges the heat-staple New Set of electric system；
Emergent control time and the heat-staple New Set of electric system is allowed to create meter and temperature of electric transmission line according to electric system
The system emergency control Optimized model of characteristic, the optimum results of model include：Generated output power adjustment, cutting load amount and hair
Electric unit outage capacity, the optimum results of model are emergency control policy；
The calculation procedure of the permission emergent control time is as follows：
When line current or external environment change, before temperature of electric transmission line reaches and stablizes, temperature of electric transmission line
It is the process of a dynamic change, transient state equation of heat balance is as follows：
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ql(t)=I2Rref[1+α(T(t)-Td)] (3)
qs(t)=EtAtD (4)
qc(t)=Ac(T(t)-Ta(t)) (5)
qr(t)=Ar[(273+T(t))4-(273+Ta(t))4] (6)
Wherein, ql(t) resistance heating item, q are representeds(t) sunshine heat absorption item, q are representedc(t) heat loss through convection item, q are representedr(t) represent
Heat-radiation heat-dissipating item；T represents time, unit s；mlFor the quality of unit conductor, unit kg/m；CplFor the specific heat of conductor material
Hold, unit is J/ (kg DEG C)；T (t) runs mean temperature for transmission line of electricity, and unit is DEG C；
Tl(t) mean temperature is run for circuit, unit is DEG C；I is the electric current for flowing through conductor, unit A；RrefAdvised for conductor manufacturer
Fixed nominal environment temperature TdUnder unit length resistance, unit Ω/m, transmission line of electricity resistance variation with temperature setting
In the range of linear approximate relationship, α be conductor material temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance；TaFor the temperature of conductor surrounding environment, Ta(t) it is to lead
The temperature of body surrounding environment, AcFor convection transfer rate；ArFor radiation heat transfer coefficient；EtFor solar radiation power density；D is to lead
Body diameter；AtThe absorptivity of conductor；
In DTR systems, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, each meteorologic parameter of sunshine can survey acquisition in formula (2)-(6), work as electric power
When system enters the state of emergency by disturbance, although transmission line of electricity trend is out-of-limit, due to the influence of thermal inertia, the change of temperature
Change will be late by entering among dynamic change in electric current, temperature of electric transmission line；The time of temperature of electric transmission line dynamic change passes through public affairs
Formula (2) obtains；
To realize that the quick of emergent control time calculates, it is assumed that transmission line of electricity is in approximate thermal equilibrium state, line before failure occurs
Road temperature is obtained by formula (1) approximate calculation, and is directly tried to achieve after failure in line energizing flow IlThe lower temperature of electric transmission line of effect is temporary
State process Tl(t) it is：
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TΣ=[(Ta+273)2+(Ts+273)2](Ts+Ta+546)；
Temperature dynamic, which is changed to up to maximum permissible value, reaches TmaxTime tlIt is expressed as：
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<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>/</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>8</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein, Tl0The initial temperature of transmission line of electricity l before corresponding failure；TsFor the conservative transmission line of electricity temperature used during abbreviation
Parameter is spent, is the maximum allowable running temperature of transmission line of electricity, all transmission line of electricity t after failurelReckling be to allow urgent control
The time of system, have：tmin=min (tl), l ∈ SL, i.e. emergent control need to be in tminIt is out-of-limit that current-carrying is eliminated in time.
2. the POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of a kind of meter as claimed in claim 1 and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, its
It is characterized in,
The running state information includes transmission line of electricity voltage, electric current, power and temperature.
3. the POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of a kind of meter as claimed in claim 1 and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, its
It is characterized in,
The running environment information includes wind direction, wind speed, temperature, intensity of sunshine residing for transmission line of electricity.
4. the POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of a kind of meter as claimed in claim 1 and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, its
It is characterized in,
The calculation procedure of the hot definite value of transmission line of electricity is as follows：Under the conditions of Operation of Electric Systems, temperature of electric transmission line change and fortune
Row environment and the electric current of carrying are related, for transmission line of electricity, electric current that its temperature change is carried, wind speed, wind direction, sunshine and
The influence of environment temperature；
Transmission line of electricity equation of heat balance embodies as follows the mathematical expression of temperature of electric transmission line characteristic rule：
I2R(Tc)+Qs=Qc+Qr (1)
I represents the electric current of transmission line of electricity carrying, QsRepresent conducting wire and receive sunshine heat absorption, QcRepresent cross-ventilation heat dissipation, QrRepresentative is led
Beta radiation radiates, R (Tc) temperature is represented as TcWhen conductor AC resistance.
5. the POWER SYSTEM EMERGENCY CONTROL optimization method of a kind of meter as claimed in claim 1 and temperature of electric transmission line characteristic, its
It is characterized in,
The heat-staple New Set of judgement system：
When the temperature of all transmission of electricity elements in system allows running temperature without departing from its highest, then system is heat-staple：
Tl(t)≤Tmax(9)；
Wherein, Tl(t) for transmission line of electricity in the temperature of t moment, TmaxFor the maximum allowable running temperature of transmission line of electricity.
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| CN106202820B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2019-06-07 | 国网山东省电力公司滨州供电公司 | A kind of sacurity dispatching method considering transmission line of electricity Dynamic Thermal definite value |
| CN106570777A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-04-19 | 贵州电网有限责任公司贵阳供电局 | Method for evaluating short-term reliability of power transmission line based on heat balance analysis |
| CN106600145A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-04-26 | 山东大学 | Power distribution network reliability analysis method and device |
| CN107016253A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-04 | 威海职业学院 | The analysis method and system of a kind of hot current-carrying definite value of overhead transmission line |
| CN108666988B (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-08-16 | 重庆大学 | Temperature of electric transmission line security alarm and guard method during power system oscillation |
| CN109167362B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-09-15 | 山东大学 | Power distribution network load flow calculation method considering cable thermal characteristics |
| CN108984966B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-10-09 | 山东大学 | Wind energy grid-connected limit calculation method considering electric-thermal coupling effect of power transmission line |
| CN109696864B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-06-01 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Implementation method of thermal stability emergency control system adaptive to external environment |
| CN109347102B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-04-15 | 南京理工大学 | Power distribution network optimal scheduling method based on cable thermal characteristics |
| CN113452012A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-28 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Power system transient stability calculation method considering meteorological factors |
| CN112241591A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-19 | 国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司 | Method and device for realizing power grid state estimation based on line temperature dynamic change |
| CN113890080A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-01-04 | 国家电网公司西南分部 | Method for optimizing direct current transmission limit in planning period considering operation risk |
| CN117674159B (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-06-18 | 国网山东省电力公司济南供电公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for evaluating severity of expected accident of power system |
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