CN105441734A - Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105441734A CN105441734A CN201410519517.1A CN201410519517A CN105441734A CN 105441734 A CN105441734 A CN 105441734A CN 201410519517 A CN201410519517 A CN 201410519517A CN 105441734 A CN105441734 A CN 105441734A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material. The Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material is characterized by comprising, by mass, 6.97% of Si, 0.258% of Mg, 0.128% of Ti, 0.009% of Sr, 0.131% of Fe, 0-0.05% of remaining impurity elements, and the balance Al. A preparation process of the Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material comprises the steps that A356 aluminum ingots are used; by the adoption of a low-pressure casting method, an appropriate amount of Al-Ti-B refiner and Al-10Sr alterant are added in the alloy smelting process, and finally an alloy hub is manufactured through smelting; and afterward, solution treatment is conducted for 315-350 min at the temperature of 550 DEG C, hardening is conducted for 3 min at the temperature of 80 DEG C, and aging treatment is conducted for 180-200 min at the temperature of 135-155 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, aluminium alloy wheel hub is widely applied in the automotive industry, and the feature such as, safety and comfort elegant in appearance with it has won increasing favor.Compared with steel wheel hub, aluminium alloy wheel hub performance in absorption vibration and lifting force is better, improves the comfortableness of driving.General aluminium alloy wheel hub is average light about the 2kg of steel wheel hub comparatively, decreases the rotator inertia of four-wheel, the accelerating ability of automobile is improved, and relatively reduces the needs of braking energy, can fuel-efficient 5% ~ 7% when the speed of a motor vehicle is 60km/h, effectively reduces oil consumption.In addition, the heat extraction coefficient of aluminium alloy wheel hub is two to three times of ordinary steel iron tyre hub, add the structural performance of aluminium alloy wheel hub, be easy to by the heat dissipation of tire breaking system generation in atmosphere, even if when braking continuously in long-time driving, the temperature that wheel system keeps suitable also can be made.Aluminium alloy wheel hub appearance design is exquisite, and various shapes, improves the attractive in appearance of car load.The tire of aluminium alloy wheel hub is widened than to some extent with steel wheel hub, improves earth-grasping force and braking quality, and effectively improves the handling of driving.Have data to show, the annual aluminium alloy wheel hub of vehicle output in the world, more than 100,000,000, estimates that the demand of aluminium alloy wheel hub in 2014 will reach about 2.5 hundred million, and the huge magnetism in international aluminium alloy wheel hub market stimulates the development of aluminium alloy wheel hub industry.At present, the main casting technique of aluminium alloy wheel hub has: pressure die casting, permanent mold casting, extrusion casting and low-pressure casting, and wherein the output of low pressure casting aluminum alloy wheel hub accounts for about 40% of aluminium alloy wheel hub ultimate production.Namely be adopt the method for low-pressure casting to prepare aluminium alloy wheel hub herein.
In the production of aluminium alloy wheel hub, can the mechanical property that product reaches be the direct measurement index that ensure that it is used safely.In report in recent years, investigator is studied material composition and alloy phase composition, phase morphology.Wherein, fining agent and the alterant of the heterogeneities such as Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti-C, Al-Sr, Al-Ce, Al-Sb-Mg is added in A356 aluminium alloy, or the refinement prepared by the different type of cooling and alterant, the refinement crystal grain of A356 aluminium alloy, improves the mechanical property of alloy effectively.But, these researchs are carried out in laboratory, mostly in actual production, due to the difference of cooling conditions, operative, die design, starting material etc., products made thereby inside be often mixed be mingled with, the various defect such as shrinkage cavity, these defects have had a strong impact on the mechanical property of wheel hub.But, also fewer to the research of the formation and prevention aspect of defect in aluminium alloy wheel hub preparation process at present, the aspects such as preparation technology's innovation of the refinement that study hotspot still concentrates on material and rotten, wheel hub.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material and preparation technology thereof, solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material, and chemical composition (mass percent) is: 6.97%Si, 0.258%Mg, 0.128%Ti, 0.009%Sr, 0.131Fe, residual impurity element total amount <0.05%, surplus Al.
A kind of preparation technology of Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material, use A356 aluminium ingot, adopt the method for low-pressure casting, in alloy melting process, add appropriate Al-Ti-B refiner and Al-10Sr alterant, the wheel hub of final fusion alloying, after carry out solution treatment: 550 DEG C, 315-350min, hardening temperature 80 DEG C, 3min, ageing treatment: 135-155 DEG C, 180-200min.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) find the research of the relation between secondary dendrite arm spacing and alloy mechanical property, along with the increase of secondary dendrite arm spacing, strength of alloy and elongation are all in decline.When secondary dendrite arm spacing is increased to certain value (45 ~ 70 μm), the numerical value of tensile strength and elongation tends towards stability; When secondary dendrite arm spacing is at 20 ~ 30 μm, tensile strength numerical value is comparatively stable, and elongation has the fluctuation of certain amplitude.
(2) by finding the analysis of lot of experimental data, under process for cooling A, the comprehensive mechanical property of inner rim, significantly better than places such as outer rim, spoke, core wheels, only has little part defectiveness to produce, and (inner rim-outer rim-spoke-core wheel) change is large successively for secondary dendrite arm spacing everywhere; Under process for cooling B, the mechanical property at each position of wheel hub is all better than the mechanical property under process for cooling A, the secondary dendrite arm spacing change at five positions is little, and the defect that interior outer rim place easily produces mainly is mingled with, and spoke, core wheel, rim very easily produce shrinkage defect.
(3) what realize in the process of cooling of process for cooling A lower hub is consecutive solidification, namely realizes the cooling order from inner rim-wheel rim-outer rim-spoke-core wheel.Under process for cooling B, what the process of cooling of wheel hub realized is solidify simultaneously.
(4) although the indicated range that formed of the wheel hub prepared in process for cooling B and ratio are all higher than process for cooling A, the fast cold-peace that process for cooling B realizes is solidified simultaneously and is made alloy structure crystal grain tiny, and the alloy after grain refining shows excellent mechanical property.The defect that complete water-cooling process produces is reduced, by the level making the mechanical property of aluminium alloy wheel hub reach higher if take further measures.
Embodiment
Use A356 aluminium ingot, adopt the method for low-pressure casting, appropriate Al-Ti-B refiner and Al-10Sr alterant is added in alloy melting process, the chemical composition (mass percent) of final fusion alloying is: 6.97%Si, 0.258%Mg, 0.128%Ti, 0.009%Sr, 0.131Fe, residual impurity element total amount <0.05%, surplus Al.Experiment for research object, adopts different process for cooling to wheel hub with certain a wheel hub that runs quickly, with the impact of the difference analyzing the type of cooling on hub defect distribution and mechanical property.The type of cooling that process for cooling A adopts is that interior outer rim, wheel rim, spoke place are air-cooled, and core wheel place water-cooled, realizes consecutive solidification; The type of cooling that process for cooling B adopts is whole water-cooleds, realizes solidifying simultaneously.Carry out solid solution and aging strengthening model respectively to wheel hub afterwards, heat treatment process specification is shown in Table 1.
Sample the aluminium alloy wheel hub after thermal treatment, respectively in position samplings such as core wheel, spoke, wheel rim, interior outer rims, specimen finish 6mm, gauge length L0=30mm, Zwick/RoellZ100 universal testing machine carries out Mechanics Performance Testing.Wheel hub is done cutting plane along spoke central authorities, carries out the inspection of cast aluminum-molykote composite material inside wheel defect low power according to DWTC-JB004:2007.After 180#, 400#, 600# sand papering, cutting plane sprays permeate agent, developer (after infiltration 5min), the macroscopic defects that after observing permeability test, cutting plane manifests.Separately according to Q/DC001.1-1997 grain fineness number test method and technological standard, grain fineness number detection is carried out to wheel hub cutting plane.After 180#, 400#, 600# sand papering, carry out strong acid corrosion, mixing acid composition is hydrofluoric acid: nitric acid: hydrochloric acid=1: 5: 15, observes after corrosion to cutting plane different positions place alloy grain degree.
Table 2 and table 3 are respectively the mechanics property analysis of gained wheel hub different positions under process for cooling A and process for cooling B, from table: obtain by process for cooling B and be greatly less than process for cooling A the cooling time that wheel hub experiences, shorten man-hour; After solidifying by two kinds of process for cooling, wheel hub inner rim all shows the comprehensive mechanical property more excellent than other positions of same wheel hub, but meanwhile, the inner rim obtaining wheel hub by process for cooling A, with being mingled with on a small quantity, is mingled with the position occurring that position is positioned at consecutive solidification and cools at first; Obtain the inner rim of wheel hub by process for cooling B with being mingled with on a small quantity or shrinkage porosite, and inclusion content is more, larger on the impact of fabric elongation rate.From table, data also can be learnt, other positions (except inner rim) obtaining wheel hub by process for cooling A are not tested with open defect, but are all mingled with or shrinkage porosite containing a small amount of by other positions (except inner rim) that process for cooling B obtains wheel hub.It should be noted that, although the defect obtaining wheel hub by process for cooling A is distributing and is quantitatively all being less than the defect obtaining wheel hub by process for cooling B, but the contrast of sample mechanical property in wheel hub same position, the sample over-all properties that process for cooling B obtains all is better than the over-all properties that process for cooling A obtains sample.The high cooling rate that this result produces with complete cooling by water technique is relevant with little crystal grain: grain refining makes sample comprehensive mechanical property be greatly improved.
(1) find the research of the relation between secondary dendrite arm spacing and alloy mechanical property, along with the increase of secondary dendrite arm spacing, strength of alloy and elongation are all in decline.When secondary dendrite arm spacing is increased to certain value (45 ~ 70 μm), the numerical value of tensile strength and elongation tends towards stability; When secondary dendrite arm spacing is at 20 ~ 30 μm, tensile strength numerical value is comparatively stable, and elongation has the fluctuation of certain amplitude.
(2) by finding the analysis of lot of experimental data, under process for cooling A, the comprehensive mechanical property of inner rim, significantly better than places such as outer rim, spoke, core wheels, only has little part defectiveness to produce, and (inner rim-outer rim-spoke-core wheel) change is large successively for secondary dendrite arm spacing everywhere; Under process for cooling B, the mechanical property at each position of wheel hub is all better than the mechanical property under process for cooling A, the secondary dendrite arm spacing change at five positions is little, and the defect that interior outer rim place easily produces mainly is mingled with, and spoke, core wheel, rim very easily produce shrinkage defect.
(3) what realize in the process of cooling of process for cooling A lower hub is consecutive solidification, namely realizes the cooling order from inner rim-wheel rim-outer rim-spoke-core wheel.Under process for cooling B, what the process of cooling of wheel hub realized is solidify simultaneously.
(4) although the indicated range that formed of the wheel hub prepared in process for cooling B and ratio are all higher than process for cooling A, the fast cold-peace that process for cooling B realizes is solidified simultaneously and is made alloy structure crystal grain tiny, and the alloy after grain refining shows excellent mechanical property.The defect that complete water-cooling process produces is reduced, by the level making the mechanical property of aluminium alloy wheel hub reach higher if take further measures.
Claims (2)
1. an Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material, is characterized in that: chemical composition (mass percent) is: 6.97%Si, 0.258%Mg, 0.128%Ti, 0.009%Sr, 0.131Fe, residual impurity element total amount <0.05%, surplus Al.
2. the preparation technology of a kind of Al-Si-Mg-Ti-Sr-Fe alloy material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: use A356 aluminium ingot, adopt the method for low-pressure casting, in alloy melting process, add appropriate Al-Ti-B refiner and Al-10Sr alterant, the wheel hub of final fusion alloying, after carry out solution treatment: 550 DEG C, 315-350min, hardening temperature 80 DEG C, 3min, ageing treatment: 135-155 DEG C, 180-200min.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106734966A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 无锡市明盛强力风机有限公司 | A kind of composite inoculating casting method of wheel hub |
| CN109554570A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-02 | 吉林大学青岛汽车研究院 | A kind of molten internal in-situ multiphase mixes the method for scale ceramic reinforced aluminium alloy |
| CN115896514A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-04-04 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy casting |
-
2014
- 2014-09-30 CN CN201410519517.1A patent/CN105441734A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106734966A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 无锡市明盛强力风机有限公司 | A kind of composite inoculating casting method of wheel hub |
| CN109554570A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-02 | 吉林大学青岛汽车研究院 | A kind of molten internal in-situ multiphase mixes the method for scale ceramic reinforced aluminium alloy |
| CN109554570B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-31 | 吉林大学青岛汽车研究院 | Method for strengthening aluminum alloy by in-situ multiphase mixed scale ceramic in melt |
| CN115896514A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-04-04 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy casting |
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