CN105439408A - Sludge electricity generation system and electricity generation method thereof - Google Patents
Sludge electricity generation system and electricity generation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105439408A CN105439408A CN201510974670.8A CN201510974670A CN105439408A CN 105439408 A CN105439408 A CN 105439408A CN 201510974670 A CN201510974670 A CN 201510974670A CN 105439408 A CN105439408 A CN 105439408A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a sludge electricity generation system and a method for generating electricity by using the sludge electricity generation system. The sludge electricity generation system comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a first indirect condenser, a second indirect condenser, a separator and an electricity generation unit, wherein the electricity generation unit comprises a steam electricity generation device, a pyrolysis gas electricity generation device, a waste heat boiler and an oil-burning boiler. According to the present invention, the sludge electricity generation system uses the pyrolysis furnace to perform pyrolysis, such that the problems that the heat utilization rate of the traditional separate sludge pyrolysis gas electricity generation process system is low, and the heat of the pyrolysis gas is difficultly and effectively utilized are effectively avoided; the oil-burning boiler is used to carry out the burning treatment on the pyrolysis oil, the generated heat supplies heat for water, and the obtained steam is used for electricity generation, such that the energy source utilization rate is high; and the electricity generation device uses the steam and the pyrolysis gas to generate electricity at the same time, such that the electricity generation power is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sludge power generation system and utilize sludge power generation system to carry out the method generated electricity.
Background technology
Mud comprises industrial sludge and municipal sludge, wherein industrial sludge mainly contains oily sludge, steel mill's mud etc., municipal sludge is generally the byproduct that sewage work produces in sewage purification process, is a kind of extremely complicated heterogeneous body be made up of organic relic, microorganism, inorganic particle, colloid etc.How safely, economically and reasonably lignin-sludge is the difficult problem that countries in the world run into.
Sludge disposal technology generally comprises landfill, compost utilization, burning disposal, anaerobic digestion etc., wherein landfill is owing to taking a large amount of soil, be eliminated gradually, the comparatively multi-metal that contains of the product of compost is difficult to effective utilization, and although burning disposal reduction is remarkable, but bring the problems such as dioxin, anaerobic digestion techniques is complicated, higher to the requirement of acid-producing bacteria and methanogen, and system reliability is poor simultaneously.
Pyrolyzing sludge is comparatively advanced sludge disposal technology, has the features such as innoxious level is high, resource utilization level is remarkable, and the organism in mud mainly, under the condition of anaerobic or anoxic, is converted into H by this technology
2, CH
4, the pyrolysis gas such as CO, and pyrolysis oil and solid carbon.Moisture percentage in sewage sludge is higher, generally reaches 85% ~ 95%, common pyrolyzing sludge technique mainly rotary kiln pyrogenation, but its separate unit treatment capacity is less, operation is comparatively complicated, deficiency in economic performance, is difficult to realize industrial applications.
Thus, sludge hot analytical system and industrial applications thereof require study.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended at least to solve one of technical problem existed in prior art.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of sludge power generation system, this sludge power generation system adopts steam electric power generator and pyrolysis gas power generation assembly jointly to generate electricity, heat utilization efficiency is high, environmental pollution is little, and the steam that the pyrolysis oil that pyrolysis obtains burning produces also can generate electricity, and generated output is high.
Thus, according to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of sludge power generation system, described sludge power generation system utilizes mud to generate electricity.According to embodiments of the invention, comprising:
Pyrolysis oven, high temperature pyrolysis district, middle temperature pyrolysis zone and drying zone are set in described pyrolysis oven, and described pyrolysis oven has mud import, pyrolytic carbon outlet and water out, and be arranged at the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet in described high temperature pyrolysis district and be arranged at the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet of described middle temperature pyrolysis zone;
First indirect condenser, described first indirect condenser has the first water inlet, the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import, the first outlet of heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first vapour outlet, and described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import exports with described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and is connected;
Second indirect condenser, described second indirect condenser has the second water inlet, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import, the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture outlet, and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture export to export with described first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and be connected;
Separator, described separator has the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture import, pyrolysis oil outlet, pyrolysis water out, pyrolysis gas outlet, and described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture import exports with described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and is connected;
Generator unit, described generator unit comprises steam electric power generator, pyrolysis gas power generation assembly, waste heat boiler and oil-firing boiler, wherein, pyrolysis gas power generation assembly has pyrolysis gas entrance, exhanst gas outlet and the second electric quantity output end, described pyrolysis gas entrance is connected with described pyrolysis gas outlet, described waste heat boiler has the 3rd water inlet, smoke inlet and the 3rd vapour outlet, described smoke inlet is connected with described exhanst gas outlet, described oil-firing boiler has pyrolysis oil entrance, feedwater import and the second vapour outlet, described pyrolysis oil entrance exports with described pyrolysis oil and is connected, described steam electric power generator has steam-in and the first electric quantity output end, described steam-in and described first vapour outlet, described second vapour outlet is connected with described 3rd vapour outlet.
Described pyrolysis oven is used for carrying out pyrolysis processing to described mud, to obtain the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and pyrolytic carbon, wherein, the temperature of described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is higher than the temperature of described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture.
Described first indirect condenser is used for described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water being carried out the first heat exchange process, to obtain the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first steam; Described second indirect condenser is used for described first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water to carry out the second heat exchange process, to obtain the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the second steam.
Described separator is used for carrying out separating treatment, to obtain pyrolysis water, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas to described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture.
Described pyrolysis gas power generation assembly is used for utilizing pyrolysis gas to generate electricity, and discharges flue gas, and described oil-firing boiler is used for carrying out burn processing to described pyrolysis oil, so that heating water, obtains the second steam; Described waste heat boiler is used for described flue gas and water to carry out the 3rd heat exchange process, to obtain flue gas and the 3rd steam of cooling, described steam electric power generator is used for utilizing described first steam, described second steam and described 3rd steam to generate electricity.
According to the sludge power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention, adopt pyrolysis oven to carry out pyrolysis, efficiently avoid traditional independent sludge pyrolysis gas electrification technique as well as systematic heat utilization rate low, the heat of pyrolysis gas is difficult to the problem carrying out effectively utilizing.Further, utilize oil-firing boiler to carry out burn processing to pyrolysis oil, the heat of generation is water heat supply, and obtain steam, generate electricity, energy utilization rate is high.In addition power generation assembly adopts steam and pyrolysis gas jointly to generate electricity, and generated output is high.
In addition, sludge power generation system according to the above embodiment of the present invention, can also have following additional technical characteristic:
According to embodiments of the invention, described pyrolysis oven is rotating bed pyrolysis oven, and described pyrolysis oven comprises: annular body of heater; And gas-fired radiation pipe heater, described gas-fired radiation pipe heater is arranged on the annular inner wall of described annular body of heater.
According to embodiments of the invention, described power generation assembly is made up of steam turbine and internal combustion turbine.
According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises further: water extracter, and described water extracter is connected with described mud import, and described water extracter is used for carrying out processed to described mud, to obtain the mud after dewatering.
According to embodiments of the invention, described water out is arranged in described drying zone.
According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises further: cleaner, and described cleaner is connected with described pyrolysis gas entrance with described pyrolysis gas outlet, and described cleaner carries out purifying treatment to pyrolysis gas, so that the pyrolysis gas after being purified for described.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides and a kind ofly utilize aforesaid sludge power generation system to carry out the method generated electricity.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises: utilize pyrolysis oven that mud is carried out pyrolysis processing, to obtain the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and pyrolytic carbon; Utilize the first indirect condenser that described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the first heat exchange process, to obtain the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first steam; Utilize the second indirect condenser that described first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the second heat exchange process, to obtain the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture; Separator is utilized to carry out separating treatment, to obtain pyrolysis water, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas to described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture; Pyrolysis gas is utilized to generate electricity by pyrolysis gas power generation assembly, utilize waste heat boiler that described flue gas and water are carried out the 3rd heat exchange process, to obtain flue gas and the 3rd steam of cooling, and utilize oil-firing boiler to carry out burn processing to described pyrolysis oil, so that heating water, obtain the second steam, and by steam electric power generator, utilize described first steam, described second steam and described 3rd steam to generate electricity.
According to the sludge power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention, adopt pyrolysis oven to carry out pyrolysis, efficiently avoid traditional independent sludge pyrolysis gas electrification technique as well as systematic heat utilization rate low, the heat of pyrolysis gas is difficult to the problem carrying out effectively utilizing.Further, utilize oil-firing boiler to carry out burn processing to pyrolysis oil, the heat of generation is water heat supply, and obtain steam, generate electricity, energy utilization rate is high.In addition power generation assembly adopts steam and pyrolysis gas to generate electricity simultaneously, and generated output is high.
In addition, electricity-generating method according to the above embodiment of the present invention, can also have following additional technical characteristic:
According to embodiments of the invention, described pyrolysis oven is rotating bed pyrolysis oven, and described pyrolysis oven comprises: annular body of heater; And gas-fired radiation pipe heater, described gas-fired radiation pipe heater is arranged on the annular inner wall of described annular body of heater.
According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises further: described mud is carried out processed, to obtain the mud after dewatering.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature in high temperature pyrolysis district is 600-800 degree Celsius.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of middle temperature pyrolysis zone is 400-600 degree Celsius.
According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises further: described pyrolysis gas is carried out purifying treatment, so that the pyrolysis gas after being purified.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from accompanying drawing below combining to the description of embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of sludge power generation system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of sludge power generation system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of sludge power generation system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows and utilizes sludge power generation system to carry out the method flow schematic diagram generated electricity according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 shows and utilizes sludge power generation system to carry out the method flow schematic diagram generated electricity according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows and utilizes sludge power generation system to carry out the method flow schematic diagram generated electricity according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 shows and utilizes sludge power generation system to carry out the method flow schematic diagram generated electricity according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention being interpreted as.
In describing the invention, term " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", the orientation of the instruction such as " end " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, be only the present invention for convenience of description instead of require that the present invention with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
It should be noted that, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise one or more these features.Further, in describing the invention, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " multiple " is two or more.
Sludge power generation system
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of sludge power generation system, described sludge power generation system utilizes mud to generate electricity.
Sludge power generation system according to an embodiment of the invention, utilize pyrolysis oven to carry out pyrolysis processing, pyrolysis temperature is high, heat utilization efficiency is high, produces Wu dioxin, and, the pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis processing obtains and obtain steam jointly for generating electricity with pyrolysis product heat exchange, generated output is large.Meanwhile, pyrolysis produce the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture carry out indirect condensing process respectively.
In addition, this sludge power generation system architecture is simple, and without the need to loaded down with trivial details preprocessing process, cost of investment is low, is easy to industrialization promotion.
In addition, utilize oil-firing boiler to carry out burn processing to the pyrolysis oil that pyrolysis produces to heat water, not only heat the steam obtained and may be used for generating, improve generating efficiency, and avoid the problem of tar generation coking and blocking pipe, significantly reduce the maintenance cost of sludge power generation system.
In addition, the sludge power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention, running cost is lower, heat recovery rate is high, and mud is converted into electric energy and sells, and is beneficial to the industrial applications of carbonaceous organic material pyrolysis, achieves real " innoxious, minimizing, resource utilization ".
Fig. 1 shows the sludge power generation system of embodiments of the invention.As described in Figure 1, this sludge power generation system comprises: pyrolysis oven 100, first indirect condenser 200, second indirect condenser 300, separator 400 and generator unit 500.
With reference to figure 2, according to embodiments of the invention, high temperature pyrolysis district is set in pyrolysis oven 100, middle temperature pyrolysis zone and drying zone, and pyrolysis oven 100 has mud import, pyrolytic carbon outlet and water out, and be arranged at the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet in high temperature pyrolysis district and be arranged at the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet of middle temperature pyrolysis zone, pyrolysis oven 100 is for carrying out pyrolysis processing to mud, just the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is obtained, second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and pyrolytic carbon, wherein, the temperature of described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is lower than the temperature of described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture.Thus, the mud just having entered pyrolysis oven is heated and carries out drying in drying zone, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, in drying zone, mud can by below moisture drying to 5%.Then dried mud generation pyrolytic reaction, Heat of Formation solution gas-liquid mixture and pyrolytic carbon.Wherein, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is discharged by the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet being arranged at middle temperature pyrolysis zone, and enters follow-up second indirect condenser 300; First pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is discharged by the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet in high temperature pyrolysis district, and enters the first indirect condenser 200.Due to mud, behind high-temperature zone, pyrolytic carbon productive rate is less, ash content is higher, calorific value is very low, and does not belong to Hazardous wastes, directly can enter landfill yard and carry out landfill stabilization.
According to embodiments of the invention, pyrolysis oven 100 is rotating bed pyrolysis oven (hereinafter, also referred to as " rotating bed ").Thus, pyrolysis efficiency is high, effective.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, pyrolysis oven 100 comprises: annular body of heater and gas-fired radiation pipe heater, this gas-fired radiation pipe heater is arranged on the annular inner wall of annular body of heater, heated by fired-gas radiant tube combustor, namely provide pyrolysis institute heat requirement by burn combustible gas in thermal-radiating mode.Treat that pyrolysis material is arranged on the ring-shaped furnace bottom of ring furnace, this furnace bottom can horizontally rotate, and fired-gas radiant tube combustor is arranged on the ring furnace inwall of ring furnace, and the flue gas in radiator tube and the atmosphere in ring furnace completely cut off.Thus, carbonaceous organic material, under anoxic condition, utilizes radiator tube to heat, and pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature flue gas completely cut off, and do not produce dioxin and pollute, and the pyrolytic carbon productive rate obtained is low.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, fuel gas inlet 130 is helped to be arranged on gas-fired radiation pipe heater.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the upper and lower radiator tube in drying zone is set as 200 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C, and the temperature of the upper and lower radiator tube in middle temperature pyrolysis zone is set as 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, and the temperature of the upper and lower radiator tube in high temperature pyrolysis district is set as 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C.Thus, progressively heated up by drying zone, middle temperature pyrolysis zone and high temperature pyrolysis district, the first drying of mud is progressively heated up pyrolysis again, pyrolysis temperature is preferably, and pyrolytic carbon productive rate is less, ash content is higher, calorific value is very low, and, pyrolysis under anoxic condition, produces Wu dioxin, free from environmental pollution.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, pyrolysis oven 100 is the structure such as rotating bed pyrolysis oven, built-in upper and lower fired-gas radiant tube combustor and opening for feed, water out, the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet, pyrolytic carbon discharge port.The furnace bottom of this pyrolysis oven 100 is rotating ring-shaped furnace bottom, and be positioned in the middle of upper and lower gas fired radiant tubes, fired-gas radiant tube combustor is arranged in annular furnace wall.The mud just having entered stove is subject to the heat effect of radiator tube, below moisture drying to 5%, then continues pyrolytic reaction occurs along with furnace bottom rotates, generates the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and pyrolytic carbon.Second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is discharged by the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet at the top, middle temperature pyrolysis zone of rotating bed, and enters follow-up second indirect condenser 300; First pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is discharged by the outlet of top first, rotating bed high temperature pyrolysis district pyrolysis gas liquid mixture, and enters the first indirect condenser 200; Pyrolytic carbon goes to rotating bed end and discharges.Due to mud, behind high-temperature zone, pyrolytic carbon productive rate is less, ash content is higher, calorific value is very low, and does not belong to Hazardous wastes, directly can enter landfill yard and carry out landfill stabilization.
With reference to figure 3, according to embodiments of the invention, the pyrolytic carbon that pyrolysis oven 100 produces is through e Foerderanlage 800 discharging.
According to embodiments of the invention, first indirect condenser 200 has the first water inlet, the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import, the first outlet of heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first vapour outlet, wherein, first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import exports with the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture the steam that is connected, first indirect condenser 200, for the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the first heat exchange process, obtains the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first steam.Thus, the first heat exchange process is carried out to the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture of high temperature, reduces the temperature of the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture, be conducive to follow-uply carrying out separating treatment.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is about 600 DEG C, the temperature of the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture obtained through the first heat exchange process is about 300 DEG C, first steam of water by becoming 300 ~ 400 DEG C after the first indirect condenser 200 heat exchange.
According to embodiments of the invention, second indirect condenser 300 has the second water inlet, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import, the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture outlet, wherein, second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import and the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture export and export with the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture the steam that is connected, second indirect condenser 300, for the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the second heat exchange process, obtains the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the second steam.Thus, utilize the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture of the second indirect condenser 300 centering temperature and process through the first indirect condenser heat exchange cooling the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture obtained and again carry out heat exchange process with water, lower the temperature, be convenient to follow-up separating treatment.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture temperature all about 300 degrees Celsius, the temperature obtaining the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture through the second heat exchange process is down to less than 100 degrees Celsius, is convenient to later separation process.
According to embodiments of the invention, separator 400 has the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture import, pyrolysis oil outlet, pyrolysis water out, pyrolysis gas outlet, wherein, second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture import exports with the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and is connected, separator 400, for carrying out separating treatment to the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture, obtains pyrolysis water, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas.Thus, just have and to be follow-uply used to each composition respectively, heat utilization efficiency is high.
According to embodiments of the invention, generator unit 500 comprises steam electric power generator 510, pyrolysis gas power generation assembly 520, waste heat boiler 540 and oil-firing boiler 530, wherein, pyrolysis gas power generation assembly 520 has pyrolysis gas entrance, exhanst gas outlet and the second electric quantity output end, pyrolysis gas entrance is connected with pyrolysis gas outlet, waste heat boiler 540 has the 3rd water inlet, smoke inlet and the 3rd vapour outlet, smoke inlet is connected with exhanst gas outlet, oil-firing boiler 530 has pyrolysis oil entrance, feedwater import and the second vapour outlet, wherein, pyrolysis oil entrance exports with described pyrolysis oil and is connected, steam electric power generator 510 has steam-in and the first electric quantity output end, wherein, steam-in and the first vapour outlet, second vapour outlet is connected with the 3rd vapour outlet, pyrolysis gas power generation assembly 520 generates electricity for utilizing pyrolysis gas, and discharge flue gas, oil-firing boiler 530 is for carrying out burn processing to pyrolysis oil, heating water, obtain the 3rd steam, waste heat boiler 540 is for carrying out the 3rd heat exchange process by flue gas and water, and obtain flue gas and the 3rd steam of cooling, steam electric power generator 510 generates electricity for utilizing the first steam, the second steam and the 3rd steam.Thus, this power generation assembly utilizes steam electric power generator and pyrolysis gas power generation assembly jointly to generate electricity, and effectively can reduce cost of investment, be applicable to extensive generating, generating efficiency is higher, good in economic efficiency.Further, utilize oil-firing boiler combustion and pyrolysis oil, release of heat, heating water obtains steam, for generating, thus utilizing pyrolysis oil to effectively utilize to being difficult to, increasing economic efficiency further.Meanwhile, the funnel temperature of pyrolysis gas power generation assembly is higher, produces the flue gas being less than 450 DEG C and enters product the 3rd steam in waste heat boiler, and this part the 3rd delivery of steam is generated electricity to steam electric power generator, thus, heat utilization efficiency is high, realizes the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of the energy.
According to embodiments of the invention, steam electric power generator 510 is steam turbine, and pyrolysis gas power generation assembly 520 is oil engine.
With reference to figure 3, according to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises further: water extracter 600, and this water extracter 600 is connected with mud import, and water extracter 600, for carrying out processed to mud, obtains the mud after dewatering.Thus, avoid moisture percentage in sewage sludge too high, affect pyrolysis efficiency.According to specific embodiments more of the present invention, the water ratio of the domestic sludge do not dewatered is 85% ~ 95%, and the water ratio of the mud after dehydration is 35% ~ 50%, and when water ratio is 35% ~ 50%, pyrolysis efficiency is higher.
With reference to figure 3, according to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises further: cleaner 700, and this cleaner 700 is connected with pyrolysis gas entrance with pyrolysis gas outlet, and this cleaner 700, for carrying out purifying treatment to pyrolysis gas, removes the H in pyrolysis gas
2the impurity such as S, the pyrolysis gas after being purified, avoids impurity Corrosion blockage power generation assembly, affects the stability of electricity-generating method.
Electricity-generating method
According to a further aspect in the invention, the invention provides and a kind ofly utilize aforesaid sludge power generation system to carry out the method generated electricity.With reference to figure 4, according to embodiments of the invention, explain this electricity-generating method, the method comprises:
S100 pyrolysis processing
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize pyrolysis oven that mud is carried out pyrolysis processing, to obtain the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and pyrolytic carbon.Because mud is after high temperature pyrolysis district pyrolysis processing, pyrolytic carbon productive rate is less, ash content is higher, calorific value is very low, and does not belong to Hazardous wastes, directly can enter landfill yard and carry out landfill stabilization.
According to embodiments of the invention, pyrolysis oven 100 is rotating bed pyrolysis oven.Thus, pyrolysis efficiency is high, effective.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, pyrolysis oven 100 comprises: annular body of heater and gas-fired radiation pipe heater, this gas-fired radiation pipe heater is arranged on the annular inner wall of annular body of heater, heated by fired-gas radiant tube combustor, namely provide pyrolysis institute heat requirement by burn combustible gas in thermal-radiating mode.Treat that pyrolysis material is arranged on the ring-shaped furnace bottom of ring furnace, this furnace bottom can horizontally rotate, and fired-gas radiant tube combustor is arranged on the ring furnace inwall of ring furnace, and the flue gas in radiator tube and the atmosphere in ring furnace completely cut off.Thus, carbonaceous organic material, under anoxic condition, utilizes radiator tube to heat, and pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature flue gas completely cut off, and do not produce dioxin and pollute, and the pyrolytic carbon productive rate obtained is low.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature in high temperature pyrolysis district is 600-800 degree Celsius.Thus, pyrolysis efficiency is high, effective.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of middle temperature pyrolysis zone is 400-600 degree Celsius.Thus, pyrolysis efficiency is high, effective.
S200 first heat exchange process
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize the first indirect condenser that described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the first heat exchange process, to obtain the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first steam.Thus, the first heat exchange process is carried out to the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture of high temperature, reduces the temperature of the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture, be conducive to follow-uply carrying out separating treatment.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture is about 600 DEG C, the temperature of the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture obtained through the first heat exchange process is about 300 DEG C, first steam of water by becoming 300 ~ 400 DEG C after the first indirect condenser 200 heat exchange.
S300 second heat exchange process
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize the second indirect condenser that described first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the second heat exchange process, obtain the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture.Thus, utilize the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture of the second indirect condenser 300 centering temperature and process through the first indirect condenser heat exchange cooling the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture obtained and again carry out heat exchange process with water, lower the temperature, be convenient to follow-up separating treatment.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture temperature all about 300 degrees Celsius, the temperature obtaining the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture through the second heat exchange process is down to less than 100 degrees Celsius, is convenient to later separation process.
S400 separating treatment
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize separator to carry out separating treatment to described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture, obtain pyrolysis water, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas.Thus, just have and to be follow-uply used to each composition respectively, heat utilization efficiency is high.
S500 generates electricity
According to embodiments of the invention, pyrolysis gas is utilized to generate electricity by pyrolysis gas power generation assembly, utilize waste heat boiler that described flue gas and water are carried out the 3rd heat exchange process, to obtain flue gas and the 3rd steam of cooling, and utilize oil-firing boiler to carry out burn processing to described pyrolysis oil, so that heating water, obtain the second steam, and by steam electric power generator, utilize described first steam, described second steam and described 3rd steam to generate electricity.Thus, this power generation assembly utilizes steam electric power generator and pyrolysis gas power generation assembly jointly to generate electricity, and effectively can reduce cost of investment, be applicable to extensive generating, generating efficiency is higher, good in economic efficiency.Further, utilize oil-firing boiler combustion and pyrolysis oil, release of heat, heating water obtains steam, for generating, thus utilizing pyrolysis oil to effectively utilize to being difficult to, increasing economic efficiency further.Meanwhile, the funnel temperature of pyrolysis gas power generation assembly is higher, produces the flue gas being less than 450 DEG C and enters product the 3rd steam in waste heat boiler, and this part the 3rd delivery of steam is generated electricity to steam electric power generator, thus, heat utilization efficiency is high, realizes the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of the energy.
According to the sludge power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention, adopt pyrolysis oven to carry out pyrolysis, efficiently avoid traditional independent sludge pyrolysis gas electrification technique as well as systematic heat utilization rate low, the heat of pyrolysis gas is difficult to the problem carrying out effectively utilizing.Further, utilize oil-firing boiler to carry out burn processing to pyrolysis oil, the heat of generation is water heat supply, and obtain steam, generate electricity, energy utilization rate is high.In addition power generation assembly adopts steam and pyrolysis gas to generate electricity simultaneously, and generated output is high.
With reference to figure 5, according to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises further:
S600 processed
According to embodiments of the invention, described mud is carried out processed, obtain the mud after dewatering.Thus, avoid moisture percentage in sewage sludge too high, affect pyrolysis efficiency.According to specific embodiments more of the present invention, the water ratio of the domestic sludge do not dewatered is 85% ~ 95%, and the water ratio of the mud after dehydration is 35% ~ 50%, and when water ratio is 35% ~ 50%, pyrolysis efficiency is higher.
With reference to figure 6, according to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises further:
S700 purifying treatment
According to embodiments of the invention, described pyrolysis gas is carried out purifying treatment, remove the H in pyrolysis gas
2the impurity such as S, the pyrolysis gas after being purified, avoids impurity Corrosion blockage power generation assembly, affects the stability of electricity-generating method.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described, it should be noted that, these embodiments are only illustrative, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Certain city's municipal sludge is adopted to be raw material, this moisture percentage in sewage sludge is 92%, technical analysis and the ultimate analysis of mud are as shown in table 1, the sludge power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention is utilized to generate electricity, wherein, as shown in Figure 3, as shown in Figure 7, concrete generation steps is as follows for the flow process of electricity-generating method for the structural representation of sludge power generation system:
The technical analysis of table 1 raw material and ultimate analysis
The mud of water ratio 92% is sent into mechanical dehydration device dehydration, the water ratio of the mud after dehydration is down to 40%.Mud after dehydration enters rotating bed by lifting gear, e Foerderanlage, is all furnished with radiator tube to heat to mud in the both sides up and down of material conveyor belt.Mud is successively through drying zone (300 DEG C), middle temperature pyrolysis zone (500 DEG C), high temperature pyrolysis district (700 DEG C) in rotating bed, and the pyrolytic carbon finally obtained is discharged by e Foerderanlage bottom rotating bed end.Drying zone produce moisture due to impurity less, qualified discharge after conventional processing; Middle temperature pyrolysis zone generate a large amount of pyrolytic behavior and pyrolysis gas due to temperature lower, only have 350 DEG C, can directly send into the second indirect condenser, the the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture obtained can obtain pyrolysis oil after oily water separation, pyrolysis oil enters oil-firing boiler burning, and the steam that heat exchange produces 390 DEG C enters steam turbine generating; High temperature pyrolysis district produce the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture due to temperature higher, reach 620 DEG C, after sending into the first indirect condenser, temperature is down to 310 DEG C, make the temperature of the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture be down to 85 DEG C by the second indirect condenser again, 400 DEG C of steam that the first indirect condenser produces and the steam that oil-firing boiler produces together enter steam turbine and generate electricity.Pyrolysis gas after condensation, oily water separation is after gas-cleaning installation, enter oil engine and carry out gas-to electricity, the funnel temperature of oil engine is at about 480 DEG C, enter the steam that waste heat boiler produces 380 DEG C again, the steam produced with the first indirect condenser and oil-firing boiler together enters steam turbine and generates electricity.Pyrolytic carbon major part is mineral residue, is directly transported to landfill yard and disposes.Water ratio is down to the mud of 40%, final obtained high-temperature hot productive rate of venting one's spleen is 28%, and the productive rate of pyrolysis oil is 19%, and the productive rate of pyrolytic carbon is 13%.The throttle (steam) temperature of steam turbine is 370 DEG C, and exhaust temperature is 120 DEG C.
Embodiment 2:
Certain city's municipal sludge is adopted to be raw material, this moisture percentage in sewage sludge is 85%, technical analysis and the ultimate analysis of mud are as shown in table 2, the sludge power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention is utilized to generate electricity, wherein, as shown in Figure 3, as shown in Figure 7, concrete generation steps is as follows for the flow process of electricity-generating method for the structural representation of sludge power generation system:
The ultimate analysis of table 2 raw material and technical analysis
The mud of water ratio 85% is sent into mechanical dehydration device dehydration, now the water ratio of mud is down to 45%, then enters rotating bed by lifting gear, e Foerderanlage, is all furnished with radiator tube to heat to mud in the both sides up and down of material conveyor belt.Mud is successively through drying zone (400 DEG C), middle temperature pyrolysis zone (600 DEG C), high temperature pyrolysis district (800 DEG C) in rotating bed, and the pyrolytic carbon finally obtained is discharged by e Foerderanlage bottom rotating bed end.Drying zone produce moisture due to impurity less, qualified discharge after conventional processing; Middle temperature pyrolysis zone generate a large amount of pyrolytic behavior and pyrolysis gas due to temperature lower, only have 420 DEG C, can directly send into the second indirect condenser, the the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture obtained can obtain pyrolysis oil after oily water separation, pyrolysis oil enters oil-firing boiler burning, and the steam that heat exchange produces 400 DEG C enters steam turbine generating; High temperature pyrolysis district produce the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture due to temperature higher, reach 680 DEG C, after sending into the first indirect condenser, temperature is down to 350 DEG C, make the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture temperature be down to 100 DEG C by the second indirect condenser again, 400 DEG C of steam that the first indirect condenser produces and the steam that oil-firing boiler produces together enter steam turbine and generate electricity.Pyrolysis gas after condensation, oily water separation is after gas-cleaning installation, enter oil engine and carry out gas-to electricity, the funnel temperature of oil engine is at about 470 DEG C, enter the steam that waste heat boiler produces 390 DEG C again, the steam produced with the first indirect condenser and oil-firing boiler together enters steam turbine and generates electricity.Pyrolytic carbon major part is mineral residue, is directly transported to landfill yard and disposes.Water ratio is down to the mud of 45%, final obtained high-temperature hot productive rate of venting one's spleen is 30%, and the productive rate of pyrolysis oil is 18%, and the productive rate of pyrolytic carbon is 7%.The throttle (steam) temperature of steam turbine is 390 DEG C, and exhaust temperature is 110 DEG C.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, identical embodiment or example are not necessarily referred to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments when not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, scope of the present invention is by claim and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a sludge power generation system, described sludge power generation system utilizes mud to generate electricity, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
Pyrolysis oven, high temperature pyrolysis district, middle temperature pyrolysis zone and drying zone are set in described pyrolysis oven, and described pyrolysis oven has mud import, pyrolytic carbon outlet and water out, and be arranged at the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet in described high temperature pyrolysis district and be arranged at the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture outlet of described middle temperature pyrolysis zone;
First indirect condenser, described first indirect condenser has the first water inlet, the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import, the first outlet of heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first vapour outlet, and described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import exports with described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and is connected;
Second indirect condenser, described second indirect condenser has the second water inlet, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import, the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture outlet, and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture import and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture export to export with described first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and be connected;
Separator, described separator has the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture import, pyrolysis oil outlet, pyrolysis water out, pyrolysis gas outlet, and described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture import exports with described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and is connected;
Generator unit, described generator unit comprises steam electric power generator, pyrolysis gas power generation assembly, waste heat boiler and oil-firing boiler, wherein, pyrolysis gas power generation assembly has pyrolysis gas entrance, exhanst gas outlet and the second electric quantity output end, described pyrolysis gas entrance is connected with described pyrolysis gas outlet, described waste heat boiler has the 3rd water inlet, smoke inlet and the 3rd vapour outlet, described smoke inlet is connected with described exhanst gas outlet, described oil-firing boiler has pyrolysis oil entrance, feedwater import and the second vapour outlet, described pyrolysis oil entrance exports with described pyrolysis oil and is connected, described steam electric power generator has steam-in and the first electric quantity output end, described steam-in and described first vapour outlet, described second vapour outlet is connected with described 3rd vapour outlet.
2. sludge power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pyrolysis oven is rotating bed pyrolysis oven, and described pyrolysis oven comprises:
Annular body of heater; And
Gas-fired radiation pipe heater, described gas-fired radiation pipe heater is arranged on the annular inner wall of described annular body of heater.
3. sludge power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise further:
Water extracter, described water extracter is connected with described mud import.
4. sludge power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described water out is arranged in described drying zone.
5. sludge power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise further:
Cleaner, described cleaner is connected with described pyrolysis gas entrance with described pyrolysis gas outlet.
6. utilize the sludge power generation system described in any one of claim 1-5 to carry out the method generated electricity, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Utilize pyrolysis oven that mud is carried out pyrolysis processing, to obtain the first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture, the second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and pyrolytic carbon;
Utilize the first indirect condenser that described first pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the first heat exchange process, to obtain the first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and the first steam;
Utilize the second indirect condenser that described first heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture and described second pyrolysis gas liquid mixture and water are carried out the second heat exchange process, to obtain the second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture;
Separator is utilized to carry out separating treatment, to obtain pyrolysis water, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas to described second heat of condensation solution gas-liquid mixture;
Pyrolysis gas is utilized to generate electricity by pyrolysis gas power generation assembly, utilize waste heat boiler that described flue gas and water are carried out the 3rd heat exchange process, to obtain flue gas and the 3rd steam of cooling, and utilize oil-firing boiler to carry out burn processing to described pyrolysis oil, so that heating water, obtain the second steam, and by steam electric power generator, utilize described first steam, described second steam and described 3rd steam to generate electricity.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Described mud is carried out processed, to obtain the mud after dewatering.
8. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the temperature in high temperature pyrolysis district is 600-800 degree Celsius.
9. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the temperature of middle temperature pyrolysis zone is 400-600 degree Celsius.
10. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Described pyrolysis gas is carried out purifying treatment, so that the pyrolysis gas after being purified.
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