CN105428633B - A kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105428633B
CN105428633B CN201510908762.6A CN201510908762A CN105428633B CN 105428633 B CN105428633 B CN 105428633B CN 201510908762 A CN201510908762 A CN 201510908762A CN 105428633 B CN105428633 B CN 105428633B
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titanium
niobate
niobium
preparation
mesoporous microsphere
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CN105428633A (en
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乔占平
胡敏
刘淼
胡应桃
段鑫颖
刘光印
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Nanyang Normal University
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Nanyang Normal University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1391Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere, following steps are specifically included:Isopropanol and glycerine are mixed in a certain ratio;Niobium source and titanium source are added into above-mentioned resulting solution;The above-mentioned mixed liquor that obtains is loaded into autoclave heating reaction;Through washing, drying, roasting up to titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere after cooling.The present invention has the advantages that simple and easy to do, product pattern and easily controllable size.Titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere prepared by the present invention has larger specific surface area and pore volume, and the chemical property of titanium niobate greatly improved, particularly high rate charge-discharge cycle performance.

Description

A kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere
Technical field
The application belongs to new energy materials field, specifically, is related to a kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere.
Background technology
With the strengthening of people's awareness of environmental protection, electric automobile has been to be concerned by more and more people.Although lithium ion battery by It is considered the ideal power source of electric automobile, but its security, power density and specific capacity need to be further improved.At present For commercialized lithium ion battery generally using graphite-like carbon material as anode, carbon negative pole material easily causes the generation of Li dendrite, triggers Safety issue, in addition carbon negative pole material cannot carry out fast charging and discharging.Though lithium titanate is compared with carbon material with high safety Property and excellent cyclical stability, but its theoretical specific capacity is relatively low (175mAh/g), about the half of carbon material.
Titanium niobate (TiNb2O7) similar with lithium titanate, there is high electrode potential (1.65V vs.Li+/ Li), it is not easy to cause The generation of Li dendrite, has excellent security;Volume change is small in charge and discharge process, has excellent cyclical stability; And the theoretical specific capacity (387mAh/g) of the material is higher than the theoretical specific capacity of carbon material.Therefore, titanium niobate is considered as very The power battery cathode material of with prospects, gets more and more people's extensive concerning.But since the electrical conductivity of the material is relatively low, make Its high rate performance is undesirable, constrains its commercial applications.
Current titanium niobate is mainly prepared using high temperature solid-state method, although this method technique is simple, easy large-scale production, Its energy consumption is big, and the particle size of product is larger.Big particle size is unfavorable for the transmission of lithium ion and electronics, makes its electrochemistry Poor-performing.Mesoporous material has big specific surface area and pore volume, is conducive to increase the contact surface of electrolyte and electrode material Product, can shorten the diffusion length of lithium ion and battery, reduce electrode polarization etc..Li et al. people utilizes solvent using ethanol as solvent Hot method synthesizes the mesoporous microsphere for being assembled and being formed by nano-particle, show excellent chemical property (Li H, Shen L, Pang G,Fang S,Luo H,Yang K and Zhang X.TiNb2O7nanoparticles assembled into hierarchical microspheres as high-rate capability and longcycle-life anode materials for lithium ion batteries.Nanoscale,2015,7:619-624.)。
The content of the invention
In view of this, technical problems to be solved in this application there is provided a kind of preparation side of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere Method, this method can regulate and control sample topography and ruler by adjusting the ratio of isopropanol and glycerine, reactant concentration, hydrothermal condition Very little size;The titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere of preparation has excellent chemical property as lithium ion battery negative material.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, this application discloses a kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere, specific bag Include following steps:
1) isopropanol and glycerine are mixed in a certain ratio, when stirring 0.1-20 is small;
2) titanium source and niobium source are added separately to the mixed liquor that step 1) is prepared by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.4-0.9 In, stir to clarify, wherein the concentration of titanium ion is 0.001-32mol/L;
3) mixed liquor obtained by step 2) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in thermostatic drying chamber In, when heating 2-60 is small at 100-260 DEG C;
4) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then in 60- Vacuum drying obtains white powder at 130 DEG C;
5) by white powder obtained by step 4) roasted at 350-1200 DEG C 1-65 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
Further, the volume ratio of isopropanol and glycerine is 1 in step 1):10-8:1.
Further, in step 2) titanium source for titanyl sulfate, titanium tetrafluoride, titanium tetraisopropylate, titanium sulfate, titanium potassium oxalate, One or more in titanium tetrachloride, titanium trichloride, butyl titanate.
Further, in step 2) niobium source be niobium oxalate, ethanol niobium, columbium pentachloride, the one or more in ammonium niobium oxalate.
Further, heating-up temperature is 110-240 DEG C in step 3).
Further, calcination temperature is 400-1000 DEG C in step 5).
Compared with prior art, the application can be obtained including following technique effect:
1) titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere prepared by the present invention has larger specific surface area and pore volume, adds electrode material With the contact area of electrolyte, the chemical property of material greatly improved.
2) titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere prepared by the present invention, had not only had the advantages that nano-electrode material diffusion path was short, but also tool There is the advantages of micro materials stability is good.
3) present invention can regulate and control sample shape by adjusting ratio, reactant concentration and the hydrothermal condition of propyl alcohol and glycerine Looks and size.
4) present invention has the features such as technique is simple, product pattern and easily controllable size, can be extensively using other inorganic The preparation of functional material.
Certainly, implementing any product of the application must be not necessarily required to reach all the above technique effect at the same time.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding of the present application, forms the part of the application, this Shen Schematic description and description please is used to explain the application, does not form the improper restriction to the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the XRD diagram that the embodiment of the present application 1 prepares titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere;
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph that the embodiment of the present application 1 prepares titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere;
Fig. 3 is the chemical property curve map that the embodiment of the present application 1 prepares titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere.
Embodiment
Presently filed embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments, and thereby how the application is applied Technological means solves technical problem and reaches the process of realizing of technical effect to fully understand and according to this implement.
Embodiment 1
(a) isopropanol and glycerine are pressed 1:3 ratio mixing, when stirring 6 is small;
(b) titanium tetrachloride and columbium pentachloride are added separately in above-mentioned mixed liquor by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.48, stirred To clarification, the wherein concentration of titanium ion is 0.17mol/L;
(c) mixed liquor obtained by step (b) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in freeze-day with constant temperature In case, when heating 32 is small at 130 DEG C;
(d) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then at 65 DEG C Lower vacuum drying obtains white powder.
(e) by white powder obtained by step (d) roasted at 600 DEG C 35 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
The XRD diagram for the titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere being prepared by embodiment 1 is as shown in Figure 1, the diffraction maximum and niobium of sample The standard diffraction peak of sour titanium fits like a glove, and does not find impurity peaks, illustrates that sample is purer;And diffraction maximum is wider, illustrate sample Particle size it is smaller.The stereoscan photograph for the titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere being prepared by embodiment 1 is as shown in Fig. 2, sample Product pattern is uniform microballoon, and is observed that obvious hole on the surface of microballoon;In addition can from super scattered microballoon To find out, microballoon is assembled by nano-particle and formed.The electrochemistry for the titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere being prepared by embodiment 1 For performance chart as shown in figure 3, sample shows preferable high rate performance, the capacity under 20C multiplying powers is about 220mAh/g; Capacity under 50C multiplying powers remains to be maintained at 170mAh/g or so.
Embodiment 2
(a) isopropanol and glycerine are pressed 1:5 ratios mix, when stirring 6 is small;
(b) butyl titanate and ethanol niobium are added separately in above-mentioned mixed liquor by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.7, stirring is extremely Clarification, wherein the concentration of titanium ion is 3.2mol/L;
(c) mixed liquor obtained by step (b) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in freeze-day with constant temperature In case, when heating 20 is small at 160 DEG C;
(d) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then at 80 DEG C Lower vacuum drying obtains white powder.
(e) by white powder obtained by step (d) roasted at 980 DEG C 13 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
Embodiment 3
A) it is 1 by volume by isopropanol and glycerine:10 mixing, when stirring 0.1 is small;
B) by titanium tetraisopropylate and ethanol niobium by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.4 be added separately to step a) be prepared it is mixed Close in liquid, stir to clarify, wherein the concentration of titanium ion is 0.001mol/L;
C) mixed liquor obtained by step b) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in thermostatic drying chamber In, when heating 60 is small at 100 DEG C;
D) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then at 60 DEG C Lower vacuum drying obtains white powder;
E) by white powder obtained by step d) roasted at 450 DEG C 65 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
Embodiment 4
A) it is 8 by volume by isopropanol and glycerine:1 mixing, when stirring 20 is small;
B) titanium sulfate and columbium pentachloride are added separately to the mixing that step a) is prepared by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.9 In liquid, stir to clarify, wherein the concentration of titanium ion is 12mol/L;
C) mixed liquor obtained by step b) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in thermostatic drying chamber In, when heating 2 is small at 260 DEG C;
D) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then at 130 DEG C Lower vacuum drying obtains white powder;
E) by white powder obtained by step d) roasted at 1100 DEG C 1 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
Embodiment 5
A) it is 2 by volume by isopropanol and glycerine:1 mixing, when stirring 12 is small;
B) by titanium potassium oxalate and ammonium niobium oxalate by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.6 be added separately to step a) be prepared it is mixed Close in liquid, stir to clarify, wherein the concentration of titanium ion is 10mol/L;
C) mixed liquor obtained by step b) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in thermostatic drying chamber In, when heating 24 is small at 110 DEG C;
D) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then at 75 DEG C Lower vacuum drying obtains white powder;
E) by white powder obtained by step d) roasted at 400 DEG C 45 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
Embodiment 6
A) it is 1 by volume by isopropanol and glycerine:1 mixing, when stirring 4 is small;
B) butyl titanate and niobium oxalate are added separately to the mixing that step a) is prepared by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.75 In liquid, stir to clarify, wherein the concentration of titanium ion is 4mol/L;
C) mixed liquor obtained by step b) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in thermostatic drying chamber In, when heating 12 is small at 240 DEG C;
D) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then in 60- Vacuum drying obtains white powder at 130 DEG C;
E) by white powder obtained by step d) roasted at 1000 DEG C 55 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
In the preparation process in accordance with the present invention, the ratio of isopropanol and glycerine is most important to forming spherical morphology:Solvent Only isopropanol when cannot get spherical morphology, larger additionally, due to glycerine viscosity, whens all glycerine, is not easy to stir, subsequently Centrifuge, be dry all more difficult, and its higher price.In terms of the selection of reaction temperature:General ptfe autoclave Heat resisting temperature be less than 260 DEG C, temperature, which crosses higher position, needs special substance, expensive, and it is dangerous greatly;Temperature can when too low It can will not react, cannot get product.Calcination temperature can influence the crystallinity and size of product, the excessive waste energy of temperature Source, and the particle size of material can be caused to grow up;The crystallization that temperature is too low to make material is bad or cannot get titanium niobate material.
Some preferred embodiments of the present invention have shown and described in described above, but as previously described, it should be understood that the present invention Be not limited to form disclosed herein, be not to be taken as the exclusion to other embodiment, and available for various other combinations, Modification and environment, and above-mentioned teaching or the technology or knowledge of association area can be passed through in the scope of the invention is set forth herein It is modified., then all should be in this hair and changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention In the protection domain of bright appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps:
1) isopropanol and glycerine are mixed in a certain ratio, when stirring 0.1-20 is small;Isopropanol and the third three in the step 1) The volume ratio of alcohol is 1:10-8:1;
2) titanium source and niobium source are added separately in the mixed liquor that step 1) is prepared by atomic ratio titanium/niobium=0.4-0.9, stirred Mix to clarification, the wherein concentration of titanium ion is 0.001-32mol/L;
3) mixed liquor obtained by step 2) is fitted into the stainless steel cauldron of inner liner polytetrafluoroethylene, is placed in thermostatic drying chamber, When heating 2-60 is small at 100-260 DEG C;
4) postcooling is reacted to room temperature, gained precipitation is washed for several times with deionized water and ethanol respectively, then at 60-130 DEG C Lower vacuum drying obtains white powder;
5) by white powder obtained by step 4) roasted at 350-1200 DEG C 1-65 it is small when, up to titanium niobate mesoporous material.
2. the preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that titanium source is in the step 2) One in titanyl sulfate, titanium tetrafluoride, titanium tetraisopropylate, titanium sulfate, titanium potassium oxalate, titanium tetrachloride, titanium trichloride, butyl titanate Kind is several.
3. the preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that niobium source is in the step 2) One or more in niobium oxalate, ethanol niobium, columbium pentachloride, ammonium niobium oxalate.
4. the preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that heating temperature in the step 3) Spend for 110-240 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that roasting temperature in the step 5) Spend for 400-1000 DEG C.
CN201510908762.6A 2015-12-09 2015-12-09 A kind of preparation method of titanium niobate mesoporous microsphere Expired - Fee Related CN105428633B (en)

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CN105776334B (en) * 2016-04-07 2017-12-15 南阳师范学院 A kind of spherical Ti2Nb10O29Material and preparation method thereof
CN105633456A (en) * 2016-04-07 2016-06-01 南阳师范学院 Preparation method of lithium ion battery negative material titanium niobate
CN105958113A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-09-21 南阳师范学院 Niobium pentoxide mesoporous microsphere electrode material and preparation method therefor
CN106025285A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-10-12 南阳师范学院 Spherical titanium niobate electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN105958049A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-09-21 南阳师范学院 TiNb<6>O<17> negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
CN106025255A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-10-12 南阳师范学院 Spherical Nb2O5 electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN106129402A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-11-16 南阳师范学院 A kind of Ti2nb10o29mesoporous microsphere and preparation method thereof
CN106519660B (en) * 2016-11-10 2018-12-21 盐城庆达新材料有限公司 A kind of mould proof nylon cable material and preparation method thereof
CN107601564B (en) * 2017-09-04 2019-06-07 北京工业大学 A kind of method of alcoholic solvent hot preparation niobic acid tin nanosphere
CN109888245B (en) * 2019-03-21 2021-01-15 浙江大学 Titanium niobium oxygen/carbon composite material with oxygen vacancy and carbon coating adjustment and preparation method and application thereof
CN112103493A (en) * 2020-08-13 2020-12-18 华北电力大学 Preparation method of lithium battery negative electrode material titanium-niobium composite oxide
CN114789050A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-26 浙江大学 Bimetal titanium niobium oxide, preparation method thereof and application of bimetal titanium niobium oxide as catalyst of hydrogen storage material

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