CN105427376B - The three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water - Google Patents
The three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water, includes building the data set in mining area；According to the data set, the 3D geological models in the mining area are built；Build the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan in the mining area；Based on the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan, plan production zone, main tunnel, working face and the projective water point position in coal seam are determined；The water level of each node in water-bearing layer each typical period of time before gushing water and after generation gushing water is calculated, and obtains the 3D streamlines of relevant time period；Stratum is emitted to split and carries out three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation；Three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation is carried out to ground water field.The present invention is based on " three figure methods " first, using groundwater simulation and scientific visualization technology, realizes roof gushing water Three-Dimensional Dynamic spatial and temporal expression, there is provided a brand-new platform for understanding and analyzing roof gushing water process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional geological modeling technical field, particularly relates to a kind of roof gushing water for being based on " three figure methods "
Three dimensional dynamic FEM method.
Background technology
Link up overlying aquifer with the following group coal mining, roof collapse as mining depth is gradually increased and cause top plate
It is increasing to gush the example of the generation of (prominent) water disaster or deterioration working surface production environment, the always puzzlement of roof gushing water problem
The main flood of North China type coalfield coal industry sustainable development.Mine water bursting disaster is to restrict coal in China row for a long time
One of industry safety economy exploitation main disasters kind, is known as colliery " the second killer ", and national 65% mine main, 40% raw coal reserves are equal
Threaten, cause casualties and property loss by water damage in various degree, influence mining production.
Because roof water bursting disaster has sudden, ambiguity and uncertain feature, art methods lack
To the expressed intact of water bursting disaster generating process, seam mining process can not be accurately reflected and when roof gushing water occurs
Lost motion state reality, so as to turn into a bottleneck for realizing roof water-bursting predicting and its visual analyzing.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water, with
Improve and the integrality of roof water bursting disaster generating process is expressed.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water provided by the invention includes following step
Suddenly：
The data set in mining area is built, the data set includes drilling, section, tomography, fold, DTM/DEM data, remote sensing number
According to, cloud data, aquifer water well, water barrier space structure, Fault water channeling situation, hydrology hole and correlation geologic map,
Topographic map, hydrogeologic map, bailing test synthesis result map, work arrangement plan；
According to the data set, the 3D geological models in the mining area are built；
Build the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan in the mining area；
Based on the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan, plan production zone, main tunnel, the working face in coal seam are determined
And projective water point position；
On the basis of the groundwater in mining area Field Characteristics point is analyzed, using GMS groundwater simulation systems, water-bearing layer is entered
Row parameter subregion, calculates the water level of each node in water-bearing layer each typical period of time before gushing water and after generation gushing water, and obtains correlation
The 3D streamlines of period；
Stratum is emitted to split and carries out three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation；
Three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation is carried out to ground water field.
In some embodiments of the invention, the step of the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan for building the mining area
Suddenly include：
1) thickness, specific capacity, infiltration coefficient, core recovery and the consumption of rinsing liquid in water-bearing layer are calculated, is used
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) determines each polynary Geo-informatic Tupu weighted value corresponding in terms of aquifer water well is reflected, so as to form top plate
The watery block plan in water-bearing layer；
2) according to constructed 3D geological models, water-bearing layer stratum is determined to the height H of roof, according to working seam
THICKNESS CALCULATION caving zone height Hm, water guide Breaking belt height H1i, split security partition figure so as to form top plate and emit
3) top plate aquifer water well block plan is emitted with top plate and splits security partition figure and be superimposed, so as to obtain roof water inrush
Condition overall merit block plan.
In some embodiments of the invention, the step 2) includes：
According to the 3D geological models and data set, calculate and generate roof, coal seam height, caving zone height, lead
The spatial distribution model of water Breaking belt height；
According to constructed 3D geological models, water-bearing layer stratum is determined to the height H of roof, according to working seam
The empirical equation that thickness combines anti-code of harnessing the river calculates caving zone heightWater guide emits
Split band heightWherein, M is that the effective of coal seam adopts thickness；
If H1i>H, then the region is to emit the hazardous area for splitting security partitioning figure；If H1i<H, then the region is to emit
The comparatively safe area of security partitioning figure is split, splits security partition figure so as to form top plate and emit.
In some embodiments of the invention, the step 3) includes：
The area to being defined as emitting the comparatively safe area for splitting security partitioning figure in the result for splitting security partition figure is emitted in top plate
Domain, the watery result according to top plate aquifer water well block plan are divided into several ranks, are emitted with top plate and split security partition
The hazardous area of figure is superimposed to form roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan.
In some embodiments of the invention, the plan production zone meets following condition：A gushing water, B) do not occur) there is water
Into goaf but without gushing water, C) gushing water occurs.
In some embodiments of the invention, in addition to the method in construction work face vertical section and working face cross section, tool
Body is：
Using interactive approach, by intending production zone, in the method based on Z-depth value, a series of point set p1 are gathered,
P2 ... pm, and form an open curved surface；It is carried out cutting operation with all stratum in 3D geological models, pass through reconstruct
Grid, form the vertical/horizontal section model of working face.
In some embodiments of the invention, in addition to：
The MFC methods provided using .net platforms build basic soft environment, with reference to OpenGL shape libraries, by defining class
class COpenGL:Public CGraBase { }, coordinate system, form, rendering parameter, pickup, auxiliary queue and wash with watercolours are set
Parameter, and the COpenGL*p_Graphic defined in homophony function are contaminated, completes roof gushing water three dimensional dynamic FEM scene
Structure, then will drilling model, stratigraphic model, " three figures ", main tunnel, intend production zone, working face and water level, streamline mould
Type is imported in the scene that * p_Graphic are created, and completes fusion treatment；
Classification Management is carried out to the model using tree control；
The Breaking belt established is reconstructed, cutting obtains its emitting on working face and splits distribution situation, with reference in tree control
Stratum branch, carry out boolean with the stratigraphic grid pointed by * L [i] (i=1 ..., 6) in geological model successively and ask friendship, and locally
Intersecting grid cell occurs for reconstruct；
Based on statistical method, interpolation discrete point and subdivision, caving zone are carried out respectively in the influence area of Breaking belt：It is close
The dot density in coal seam is slightly less than the dot density away from coal seam, and it is upper small lower width that arch, which is presented, in the tendency of inbreak, is formed a series of
Irregularly broken Block Model, is designated as V, to realize broken simulation in real time；Fissure zone：Dot density close to caving zone is slightly larger than
Dot density away from caving zone, a series of convex hull fracture body Models are formed, are designated as F, and reconstruct correspondingly layer grid cell, crack
Width it is associated with the degree that coal seam top covering rockmass is caving；
The timer defined in .net, 1 of nIDEvent/multiple assignment are started by OnTimer () event, with reference to work
Make face strike length L, carry out step-length setting, it is totalframes to make step delta t=L/FN, FN；Reconstruct dynamic frame is imported, realizes dynamic
Demo function.
In some embodiments of the invention, it is described stratum is emitted split carry out three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation the step of wrap
Include：
Step a, it is active unit to set the grid cell in model V, and other stratigraphic boundaries adjacent with V-cell is
Stable unit, structure tree construction carry out storage management these units；
Step b, along with the exploitation in coal seam, according to set step delta t, the impacted phase of t caving zone is selected
Close a series of cell cube vi∈ V, i≤n, n are the unit number in V, and arch is presented in inbreak tendency, using as being currently caving list
Member；
Step c, using based on dynamic (dynamical) Rigid Body Collision detection algorithm, Fast Collision Detection during One-male unit is carried out,
And analyzed by gravity and cell cube intermolecular forces, acquiring unit speed, it can then calculate the displacement x of egressi,Δyi,Δ
zi, so as to realize, dynamic falls in real time；
Step d, associative cell body f impacted in fissure zone is selectedj∈ F, j≤m, m are the unit number in F, are passed through
To correlation unit body establish can fracture constraint, to form crack；
Step e, current all selected cellsWhen meeting end condition, if exploitation process length is less than L or not yet
Reach projective water point position, be then transferred to step b so that t+=Δ t, continue the operation of next frame；Otherwise, the process of splitting is emitted to terminate.
In some embodiments of the invention, described the step of carrying out three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation to ground water field, wraps
Include：
Seam mining was the 1st stage before starting to gushing water, by taking AB working faces vertical section as an example, and passed through setting
PRP- in CRunPara*pRP>Alpha=0.6 and glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_
ALPHA), water-bearing layer is arranged to transparent mode；
In recovery process is simulated, test is currently selected to select cell cube vi,
IfRegion, inbreak do not have influence on water-bearing layer, and streamline does not change flow direction, are the 1st kind of situation, do not occur
Gushing water；
If vi∈ Z2 regions, water-bearing layer is arrived in inbreak, but aquifer water well is poor, and only a small amount of subsurface flow enters to adopt
Dead zone, it is the 2nd kind of situation, though there is current entrance in goaf, gushing water does not occur；
If vi∈ Z2 regions, water-bearing layer is arrived in inbreak, and aquifer water well is stronger, then gushing water occurs, in large quantities under
Water flows into goaf, and water level forms funnel, is the 3rd kind of situation, and gushing water occurs；
Gushing water was the 2nd stage after occurring, and the water level of typical period of time after gushing water is obtained by groundwater simulation, water level is reconstructed
For grid surface, and Contours Fill is carried out, utilize the different height of different color reflection water levels；Afterwards, in projective water point institute
Category unit is layouted, and using reverse Partical trace algorithm, is obtained a series of spatial distribution data of streamlines, is finally realized coal seam
Roof water inrush three dimensional dynamic FEM function；
Tested using the spatial distribution of the hydrogeologic data flow line in the mining area.
Inventors herein propose and solve " three figures-double prediction method " that roof gushes (prominent) water disaster quantitative assessment, be i.e. top plate
Watery block plan, roof collapse security partition figure, the top plate of direct water filling aquifer gush (prominent) water condition comprehensive sub-areas figure
And stope is overall and segmentation prediction of engineering inflow, top plate direct water filling aquifer adopt preceding pre- unrestrained program prediction, its
In gush (prominent) water condition comprehensive sub-areas figure and formed by watery and inbreak security partition figure complex superposition.With scientific visualization
The development of technology, domestic and foreign scholars are directed to groundwater simulation and visual research always, have developed MODFLOW simulation systems,
The straight of fluid, the stream visualization based on Surface and Unsteady Groundwater is described using ε-machines method for visualizing
See visualization.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) present invention is based on " three figure methods " first, with reference to groundwater simulation and scientific visualization technology, devises coal seam top
The overall implementation process of plate gushing water three dimensional dynamic FEM.Real data collection is obtained from mining area, by 3D geological models and " three
Figure " structure, design determines seam mining simulated domain and projective water point position, pre- by groundwater simulation, three dimensional dynamic FEM
Processing, realization, which emits, to be split and the dynamic analog of ground water field.
2) based on constructed " three figures ", by main tunnel, production zone, working face and the planning of projective water point position are intended
Various candidate schemes are designed, to can truly reflect during seam mining the various actual complex situations that may occur, and
Show that its is interrelated in 3d space, carry out seam mining and gushing water sunykatuib analysis and prediction, reduce the man power and material of enterprise
Cost, reduce the risk of actual mining engineering.
3) friendship is asked by the boolean of the foundation of roof gushing water three dimensional dynamic FEM scene, Breaking belt and stratigraphic grid
Computing and the rupture reconstruct to 3D influence areas, realize that three dimensional dynamic FEM pre-processes.Simplify grid operations, reduce mould
Processing time during plan, strengthen real-time, adapt to enterprise's hardware environment configuration requirement, be in seam mining simulation process
Middle realization emits the real time dynamic simulation split and laid the foundation.
4) it is proposed by the invention to be split and the Dynamic Simulation Method of ground water field on emitting, it provide not only a understanding
The brand-new platform of coal seam roof water inrush process is predicted with analysis, and can be generalized to underground engineering disasters, surface collapse, underground
In water and the prediction application of the Dynamic Simulation Analysis of association area.
Therefore, the present invention is based on " three figure methods " first, using groundwater simulation and scientific visualization technology, realizes that coal seam is pushed up
Plate gushing water Three-Dimensional Dynamic spatial and temporal expression, there is provided a brand-new platform for understanding and analyzing roof gushing water process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of the roof gushing water of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the mining area drilling of the embodiment of the present invention, stratum, the partial data and its relation of tomography；
Fig. 3 a, 3b are respectively the aqueous layer model in mining area of the embodiment of the present invention and comprising part FAULT MODEL；
Fig. 4 a, 4b, 4c and 4d are respectively the roof of the embodiment of the present invention, coal seam height, caving zone height, water guide emits
Split the spatial distribution model with height；
Fig. 5 a, 5b are respectively caving zone and the surface chart at fissure zone top interface, and Fig. 5 c, 5d are respectively caving zone and K1 aqueous
Layer bottom plate, the distribution relation figure of Z2 water-bearing layers top plate, Fig. 5 e, 5f are respectively that fissure zone and K1 aquifer floor elevations, Z2 water-bearing layers are pushed up
The distribution relation figure of plate；
Fig. 6 a, 6d are respectively the top plate aquifer water well block plan in K1, Z2 water-bearing layer, and Fig. 6 b, 6e are respectively that K1, Z2 contain
The top plate of water layer, which emits, splits security partition figure, and Fig. 6 c, 6f are respectively the roof water inrush condition overall merit subregion in K1, Z2 water-bearing layer
Figure；
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b are respectively a design of seam mining process simulation and its incidence relation in 3d space；
Fig. 8 is certain period 3D streamline distributions schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 a are that emitting on the working face of the embodiment of the present invention splits distribution situation schematic diagram, and Fig. 9 b are that stratigraphic grid carries out cloth
You seek the schematic diagram of friendship, and Fig. 9 c are that intersecting grid cell friendship schematic diagram occurs for stratigraphic grid Partial Reconstruction；
Figure 10 a are that inbreak does not have influence on water-bearing layer, and streamline does not change the ground water field simulation drawing of flow direction, and Figure 10 b are to emit
Fall and arrive at water-bearing layer, but the ground water field simulation drawing that aquifer water well is poor, Figure 10 c are that water-bearing layer is arrived in inbreak, but are contained
The stronger ground water field simulation drawing of water layer watery；
Figure 11 is the three dimensional dynamic FEM schematic diagram of roof gushing water of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The environment that the present invention realizes includes hardware environment and software environment：
Hardware environment include 3-d seismic exploration equipment, hydrology drilling, conventional measurement devices, electronic metering equipment, GPS,
Laser scanner, power PC, server.
Software environment includes groundwater simulation system, GIS-Geographic Information System .net platforms and OpenGL shape libraries.
Referring to the drawings 1, for the schematic flow sheet of the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water provided by the invention.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of the roof gushing water can include：
Step 101：The data set in mining area is built, the data set includes drilling, section, tomography, fold, DTM/DEM numbers
According to, remotely-sensed data, cloud data, aquifer water well, water barrier space structure, Fault water channeling situation, hydrology hole and correlation
Geologic map, topographic map, hydrogeologic map, bailing test synthesis result map, work arrangement plan.The relative Repeat in mining area is
(minX:1648, minY:And (maxX 659):13227, maxY:12441).
By taking a mining area positioned at Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Midwest as an example, the mining area is located in the Western Margin in Ordos Basin, category
In the western edge underground water subregion of Ordos Plateau, the formation of underground water is controlled by physical geography and geological conditions with distribution, presented
Go out the distinctive arid in the Northwest, the hydrogeological characteristics of semiarid region.Tax according to the void formation, underground water of water-bearing media
Condition and hydraulic property are deposited, loose rock class pore water and clastic rock pores gap crevice water can be divided into.It is by mining area STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION
Chalk water-bearing layer (K1), chalk aquiclude, straight sieve water-bearing layer (Z2), straight sieve aquiclude, totally 5 layers of coal seam.Adopted from the mining area
Collect data, then by digitized processing, build corresponding data set, and store it in database.Fig. 2 shows the area
Drilling, stratum, the partial data and its relation of tomography.
Step 102：The data set obtained according to step 101, build the 3D geological models in the mining area.It is preferred that the 3D
Geological model mainly includes aqueous layer model (as shown in Figure 3 a) and part FAULT MODEL (as shown in Figure 3 b).Need what is illustrated
Be, Fig. 3 a be from top to bottom followed successively by chalk water-bearing layer (K1), chalk aquiclude, straight sieve water-bearing layer (Z2), straight sieve aquiclude,
Coal seam.
It is preferred that the 3D geological models in the way of thinking structure mining area of multi-source data integration can be used.Multi-source data collection
Into the way of thinking mainly by by data normalization, noise, inconsistency and uncertainty being eliminated, in order to keep aqueous
Layer, water level, the border uniformity of streamline, using parameter subregion as border when water-bearing layer is established so that the data from multi-source are reliable
It is and available.
Step 103：Top plate aquifer water well block plan, the top plate for building the mining area emit and split security partition figure and top
Plate water gushing condition overall merit block plan." three figures " is built, the selection that production zone is simulated for the later stage lays the foundation.
Specifically, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 103 mainly includes the following steps that：
Step 301：Calculate thickness, specific capacity, infiltration coefficient, core recovery and the flushing liquor consumption in water-bearing layer
Amount, each polynary Geo-informatic Tupu weighted value corresponding in terms of aquifer water well is reflected is determined using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), is formed
The watery block plan in top plate water-bearing layer, as shown in Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 d.Wherein, the top plate that Fig. 6 a are chalk water-bearing layer (K1) is aqueous
Layer watery block plan, Fig. 6 d are the top plate aquifer water well block plan of straight sieve water-bearing layer (Z2).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the watery subregion in top plate water-bearing layer employs the compound folded of polynary Geo-informatic Tupu
Add, it is determined that on the influential geologic(al) factor of top plate aquifer water well, establish the thickness of filled water bearing strata, specific capacity,
On the basis of infiltration coefficient, core recovery, five Geo-informatic Tupu special topic storehouses of consumption of rinsing liquid and figure, combining geographic information system
The spatial analysis functions of system, with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) determine each polynary Geo-informatic Tupu in terms of aquifer water well is reflected it is corresponding
Weighted value, after numerical value after being normalized according to thematic map is multiplied with corresponding weighted value superposition form top plate aquifer water well
Block plan.
Step 302：According to the 3D geological models and data set, calculate and generate roof (Fig. 4 a), coal seam height
The spatial distribution model of (Fig. 4 b), caving zone height (Fig. 4 c), water guide Breaking belt height (Fig. 4 d), the unit in Fig. 4 a-4d are equal
For rice.
According to constructed 3D geological models, determine water-bearing layer stratum to the height H of roof.According to working seam
The empirical equation that thickness combines anti-code of harnessing the river calculates caving zone height Hm, water guide Breaking belt height H1i.With reference to exploitation mining area
Situation, so that formation hardness is middle hardness rock as an example, then have：
The calculation formula of caving zone height is：
The calculation formula of water guide Breaking belt height is：
Wherein, M is that the effective of coal seam adopts thickness, and unit is rice.
If H1i>H, then the region is to emit the hazardous area for splitting security partitioning figure；If H1i<H, then the region is to emit
The comparatively safe area of security partitioning figure is split, top plate is formed and emits and split security partition figure.
Using formula (1), (2), the node in 3D geological models is calculated, and reconstructs the caving zone (figure in the mining area
5a) and fissure zone (Fig. 5 b) pushes up the curved surface at interface, and then portrays they and the spatial relationship before water-bearing layer.Fig. 5 c are to emit
Fall the distribution relation figure of band and K1 aquifer floor elevations, Fig. 5 d are the distribution relation figure of caving zone and Z2 water-bearing layers top plate, and Fig. 5 e are
The distribution relation figure of fissure zone and K1 aquifer floor elevations, Fig. 5 f are the distribution relation figure of fissure zone and Z2 aquifer floor elevations, so as to
Form top plate and emit and split security partition figure, as shown in Fig. 6 b and Fig. 6 e.Wherein, Fig. 6 b emit for the top plate in K1 water-bearing layers and split security
Block plan, Fig. 6 e emit for the top plate in Z2 water-bearing layers and split security partition figure.
Step 303：Respectively by the top plate aquifer water well block plan (Fig. 6 a) in chalk water-bearing layer and chalk water-bearing layer
Top plate emit split security partition figure (Fig. 6 b) superposition, by the top plate aquifer water well block plan (Fig. 6 d) in straight sieve water-bearing layer and directly
The top plate in sieve water-bearing layer, which emits, splits security partition figure (Fig. 6 e) superposition, forms the roof water inrush in chalk water-bearing layer and straight sieve water-bearing layer
Condition overall merit block plan, as shown in Fig. 6 c and Fig. 6 f.
Specifically, emitted in top plate and split the comparatively safe of security partitioning figure to being defined as emitting in the result for splitting security partition figure
The region in area, the watery result according to top plate aquifer water well block plan are divided into several ranks, are emitted with top plate and split safety
The hazardous area of property block plan is superimposed to form roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan.
Step 104：Based on the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan, the plan production zone in coal seam, main lane are determined
Road, working face and projective water point position, the plan production zone meet following condition：A gushing water, B) do not occur) there is water entrance to adopt
Dead zone but without gushing water, C) occur gushing water.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 7a, according to roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan, can design a main tunnel,
One projective water point position for intending production zone and a working face and a prediction.In the present embodiment, projective water point position is
X:5535, Y:3360, Z:1020, AB be the working face vertical profile surface model established by intending production zone, and in 3d space
Its interrelated relation is shown, as shown in Figure 7b.The various realities that may occur can truly be reflected during seam mining
Border complex situations, and show that its is interrelated in 3d space.
It is alternatively possible to by importing related data based on the main tunnel circuit of roof Interactive Design or database,
Again for the related stratum in coal seam, roadway excavation operation is carried out, to form the main Roadway models of 3D.Can be by importing shp files
Or Interactive Design, polygonal region is formed as plan production zone.
Seam mining and gushing water generating process are observed for the ease of geologist, the invention provides construction work face to indulge
Section and the method in working face cross section, main method are：Using interactive approach, by intending production zone, with based on Z-depth
The method of value, a series of point set p1, p2 are gathered ... pm, and form an open curved surface；Make itself and the institute in 3D geological models
There is stratum to carry out cutting operation, by reconstructed mesh, form the vertical/horizontal section model of working face.
Step 105：It is right using GMS groundwater simulation systems on the basis of the groundwater in mining area Field Characteristics point is analyzed
Water-bearing layer carries out parameter subregion, calculates the water level of each node in water-bearing layer each typical period of time before gushing water and after generation gushing water, and
Obtain the 3D streamlines of relevant time period.
Specifically, for design shown in Fig. 7, parameter subregion is carried out to water-bearing layer, and calculate each node in water-bearing layer
The water level of each typical period of time before gushing water and after generation gushing water, referring to table 1 (unit is rice).On this basis, using particle with
Track algorithm, obtains the 3D streamlines of relevant time period, and table 2 is the part streamline data of period described in corresponding table 1, the 3D streamlines of the period
Tracking result is as shown in Figure 8.3 essential record period of table TiWhen corresponding water level and streamline data, be convenient for roof
Water-bursting predicting is analyzed.
Step 106：, it is necessary to complete pretreatment operation before three dimensional dynamic FEM is realized.Comprise the following steps that：
Step 601：The MFC methods provided using .net platforms build basic soft environment, with reference to OpenGL shape libraries, pass through
Define class class COpenGL:Public CGraBase { }, coordinate system, form, rendering parameter, pickup, auxiliary queue are set
And rendering parameter, and the COpenGL*p_Graphic defined in homophony function, it is visual to complete roof gushing water Three-Dimensional Dynamic
Change the structure of scene.To be drilled model, stratigraphic model, " three figures ", main tunnel, plan production zone, working face and water level, stream
Line model is imported in the scene that * p_Graphic are created, and completes fusion treatment.
Classification Management is carried out to these models using tree control, table 4 is the mining area part classifying information, wherein, water level can
To be arranged to isopleth, and Transparence Display.
The tree control of table 4.
Step 602：Using by calculating and reconstructing the Breaking belt established (Fig. 5), it can cut and obtain it in working face
Emitting on AB splits distribution situation (Fig. 9 a).With reference to the stratum branch in tree control, successively with * L [i] (i=in geological model
1 ..., 6) stratigraphic grid pointed by (L [6] is basic unit) carries out boolean and asks friendships (Fig. 9 b), and the net that intersects occurs for Partial Reconstruction
Lattice unit (Fig. 9 c), wherein, the bottom grid cell in Fig. 9 b and 9c is some effects for constituting caving zone and stratum L [3]
Region.
Step 603：Based on statistical method, interpolation discrete point and subdivision is carried out respectively in the influence area of Breaking belt.Emit
Fall band：The dot density of Approaching Coal Seam is slightly less than the dot density away from coal seam, and it is upper small lower width that arch, which is presented, in the tendency of inbreak, shape
Into a series of irregularly broken Block Models (being designated as V), to realize broken simulation in real time；Fissure zone：Close to the point of caving zone
Density is slightly larger than the dot density away from caving zone, forms a series of convex hull fracture body Models (being designated as F), and reconstruct correspondingly layer net
Lattice unit, the width in crack are associated with the degree that coal seam top covering rockmass is caving.
Step 604：The timer defined in .net, 1 of nIDEvent/multiple taxes are started by OnTimer () event
Value.With reference to working face strike length L, step-length setting is carried out, such as step delta t=L/FN, FN is totalframes.Here, step-length is smaller,
Dynamic Announce effect is more true to nature, but needs to take into account the hardware and software environment of support Visual Scene.Reconstruct dynamic frame is imported, is realized
Dynamic demonstration function.
Step 107：Stratum is emitted to split and carries out three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation, realizes that step is as follows：
Step 701：It is active unit to set the grid cell in model V, and other stratigraphic boundaries adjacent with V-cell is equal
To stablize unit, structure tree construction carrys out storage management these units.Working seam is simulated since the North (Fig. 7) in Ω regions,
If time t=0 is initial value.
Step 702：Along with the exploitation in coal seam, according to set step delta t, select t caving zone impacted
A series of related cell cube vi∈ V (i≤n, n are the unit number in V), arch is presented in inbreak tendency, using as being currently caving
Unit.
Step 703：Using based on dynamic (dynamical) Rigid Body Collision detection algorithm, Fast Collision inspection during One-male unit is carried out
Survey, and analyzed by gravity and cell cube intermolecular forces, acquiring unit speed, can then calculate displacement (the Δ x of egressi,Δ
yi,Δzi), so as to realize, dynamic falls in real time.
Step 704：Select associative cell body f impacted in fissure zonej∈ F (j≤m, m are the unit number in F), lead to
Cross to correlation unit body establish can fracture constraint, to form crack.
Step 705：Current all selected cellsWhen meeting end condition, if exploitation process length is less than L or still
Not up to projective water point position (Figure 10 (b)), then be transferred to step 702 so that t+=Δ t, continues the operation of next frame；Otherwise, emit
The process of splitting terminates (Figure 10 (c)).
Step 108. carries out three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation to ground water field.Subsurface flow field stimulation be divided into 2 stages,
3 kinds of situations, are comprised the following steps that：
Step 801. seam mining was the 1st stage before starting to gushing water.For the ease of observation, using AB working faces vertical section as
Example, and by setting the pRP- in CRunPara*pRP>Alpha=0.6 and glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_
ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA), water-bearing layer K1, Z2 are arranged to transparent mode.
Step 802：In recovery process is simulated, test is currently selected to select cell cube vi,
IfRegion, inbreak do not have influence on water-bearing layer, and streamline does not change flow direction (Figure 10 a), are the 1st kind of situation,
Gushing water does not occur；
If vi∈ Z2 regions, water-bearing layer is arrived in inbreak, but aquifer water well is poor, only a small amount of underground water (streamline)
Flow into goaf (Figure 10 b), be the 2nd kind of situation, though there is current entrance in goaf, gushing water does not occur；
If vi∈ Z2 regions, water-bearing layer is arrived in inbreak, and aquifer water well is stronger, then gushing water occurs, in large quantities under
Water (streamline) flows into goaf, and water level forms funnel (Figure 10 c), is the 3rd kind of situation, and gushing water occurs.
Step 803：Gushing water was the 2nd stage after occurring.The water level of typical period of time after gushing water is obtained by groundwater simulation, will
Water level is reconstructed into grid surface, and carries out Contours Fill, and the different height of water level is reflected using different colors；Afterwards, exist
Projective water point said units are layouted, and using reverse Partical trace algorithm, obtain a series of spatial distribution data of streamlines.In step
In environment set by rapid 604, roof gushing water three dimensional dynamic FEM function is finally realized, as shown in figure 11.
Step 804：Tested using the spatial distribution of local area hydrogeologic data flow line, the streamline of acquisition can be clear
Ground water movement rule is described clearly and effectively discloses control action of the geologic feature point to groundwater flow.
Those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：The discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under the thinking of the present invention, above example
Or can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, and the different aspect of the present invention as described above be present
Many other changes, in order to it is concise they do not provided in details.Therefore, within the spirit and principles of the invention,
Any omission for being made, modification, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Build mining area data set, the data set include drilling, section, tomography, fold, DTM/DEM data, remotely-sensed data, Cloud data, aquifer water well, water barrier space structure, Fault water channeling situation, hydrology hole and related geologic map, Shape figure, hydrogeologic map, bailing test synthesis result map, work arrangement plan；According to the data set, the 3D geological models in the mining area are built；Build the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan in the mining area；Based on the roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan, determine the plan production zone in coal seam, main tunnel, working face and Projective water point position；On the basis of the groundwater in mining area Field Characteristics point is analyzed, using GMS groundwater simulation systems, water-bearing layer is joined Number subregion, calculates the water level of each node in water-bearing layer each typical period of time before gushing water and after generation gushing water, and obtains relevant time period 3D streamlines；Stratum is emitted to split and carries out three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation；Three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation is carried out to ground water field；Wherein, the step of roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan in the structure mining area includes：1) thickness, specific capacity, infiltration coefficient, core recovery and the consumption of rinsing liquid in water-bearing layer are calculated, using level Analytic approach determines each polynary Geo-informatic Tupu weighted value corresponding in terms of aquifer water well is reflected, aqueous so as to form top plate The watery block plan of layer；2) according to constructed 3D geological models, water-bearing layer stratum is determined to the height H of roof, according to the thickness of working seam Degree calculates caving zone height Hm, water guide Breaking belt height H1i, split security partition figure so as to form top plate and emit；3) top plate aquifer water well block plan is emitted with top plate and splits security partition figure and be superimposed, so as to obtain roof water inrush condition Overall merit block plan.
- 2. the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2) include：According to the 3D geological models and data set, calculate and generate roof, coal seam height, caving zone height, water guide emit Split the spatial distribution model with height；According to constructed 3D geological models, water-bearing layer stratum is determined to the height H of roof, according to the thickness of working seam Caving zone height is calculated with reference to the empirical equation of anti-code of harnessing the riverWater guide Breaking belt HighlyWherein, M is that the effective of coal seam adopts thickness；If H1i>H, then the region is to emit the hazardous area for splitting security partitioning figure；If H1i<H, then split safety to emit in the region The comparatively safe area of block plan, split security partition figure so as to form top plate and emit.
- 3. the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 3) include：Emitted in top plate in the result for splitting security partition figure to the region for being defined as emitting the comparatively safe area for splitting security partitioning figure, according to It is divided into several ranks according to the watery result of top plate aquifer water well block plan, the danger for splitting security partition figure is emitted with top plate Danger zone is superimposed to form roof water inrush condition overall merit block plan.
- 4. the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plan is opened Exploiting field domain meets following condition：A gushing water, B) do not occur) there is water to enter goaf but without gushing water, C) gushing water occurs.
- 5. the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including structure The method for building working face vertical section and working face cross section, it is specially：Using interactive approach, by intending production zone, in the method based on Z-depth value, a series of point set p1, p2 are gathered, ... pm, and form an open curved surface；It is set to carry out cutting operation with all stratum in 3D geological models, by reconstructing net Lattice, form the vertical/horizontal section model of working face.
- 6. the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：The MFC methods provided using .net platforms build basic soft environment, with reference to OpenGL shape libraries, by defining class class COpenGL:Public CGraBase { }, coordinate system, form, rendering parameter, pickup, auxiliary queue and rendering parameter are set, And the COpenGL*p_Graphic defined in homophony function, the structure of completion roof gushing water three dimensional dynamic FEM scene, Model, stratigraphic model, " three figures ", main tunnel, plan production zone, working face and water level, the streamline model of drilling again import * In the scene that p_Graphic is created, and complete fusion treatment；Classification Management is carried out to the model using tree control；The Breaking belt established is reconstructed, cutting obtains its emitting on working face and splits distribution situation, with reference to the stratum in tree control Branch, boolean is carried out with the stratigraphic grid pointed by * L [i] in geological model successively and asks friendship, and intersecting net occurs for Partial Reconstruction Lattice unit, wherein, i=1 ..., 6；Based on statistical method, interpolation discrete point and subdivision, caving zone are carried out respectively in the influence area of Breaking belt：Approaching Coal Seam Dot density be slightly less than the dot density away from coal seam, and it is upper small lower width that arch, which is presented, in the tendency of inbreak, is formed and a series of not advised Block Model is then crushed, is designated as V, to realize broken simulation in real time；Fissure zone：Close to caving zone dot density slightly larger than remote The dot density of caving zone, a series of convex hull fracture body Models are formed, are designated as F, and reconstruct correspondingly layer grid cell, the width in crack Degree is associated with the degree that coal seam top covering rockmass is caving；The timer defined in .net, 1 of nIDEvent/multiple assignment are started by OnTimer () event, with reference to working face Strike length L, step-length setting is carried out, it is totalframes to make step delta t=L/FN, FN；Reconstruct dynamic frame is imported, realizes dynamic demonstration Function.
- 7. the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water according to claim 6, it is characterised in that it is described over the ground Layer, which emits the step of splitting progress three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation, to be included：Step a, it is active unit to set the grid cell in model V, and other stratigraphic boundaries adjacent with V-cell is stabilization Unit, structure tree construction carry out storage management these units；Step b, along with the exploitation in coal seam, according to set step delta t, the impacted correlation one of t caving zone is selected Series unit body vi∈ V, i≤n, n are the unit number in V, and arch is presented in inbreak tendency, using as being currently caving unit；Step c, using based on dynamic (dynamical) Rigid Body Collision detection algorithm, Fast Collision Detection during One-male unit is carried out, and lead to Cross gravity and cell cube intermolecular forces are analyzed, acquiring unit speed, can then calculate the displacement x of egressi,Δyi,Δzi, So as to realize, dynamic falls in real time；Step d, associative cell body f impacted in fissure zone is selectedj∈ F, j≤m, m are the unit number in F, by correlation Cell cube establish can fracture constraint, to form crack；Step e, current all selected cellsWhen meeting end condition, if exploitation process length is less than L or not yet reaches prominent Water spot position, then it is transferred to step b so that t+=Δ t, continue the operation of next frame；Otherwise, the process of splitting is emitted to terminate.
- 8. the three dimensional dynamic FEM method of roof gushing water according to claim 6, it is characterised in that it is described over the ground The step of lower water flow field progress three dimensional dynamic FEM simulation, includes：Seam mining was the 1st stage before starting to gushing water, by taking AB working faces vertical section as an example, and by setting CRunPara*pRP In pRP->Alpha=0.6 and glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA), will contain Water layer is arranged to transparent mode；In recovery process is simulated, Z2 is water-bearing layer, and test is currently selected to select cell cube vi,IfRegion, inbreak do not have influence on water-bearing layer, and streamline does not change flow direction, are the 1st kind of situation, do not dash forward Water；If vi∈ Z2 regions, water-bearing layer is arrived in inbreak, but aquifer water well is poor, and only a small amount of subsurface flow enters goaf, For the 2nd kind of situation, though there is current entrance in goaf, gushing water does not occur；If vi∈ Z2 regions, water-bearing layer is arrived in inbreak, and aquifer water well is stronger, then gushing water occurs, and a large amount of subsurface flows enter Goaf, water level form funnel, are the 3rd kind of situation, and gushing water occurs；Gushing water was the 2nd stage after occurring, and the water level of typical period of time after gushing water is obtained by groundwater simulation, water level is reconstructed into net Lattice curved surface, and Contours Fill is carried out, the different height of water level is reflected using different colors；Afterwards, single belonging to projective water point Member is layouted, and using reverse Partical trace algorithm, is obtained a series of spatial distribution data of streamlines, is finally realized roof Gushing water three dimensional dynamic FEM function；Tested using the spatial distribution of the hydrogeologic data flow line in the mining area.
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| CN106846474B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2020-04-03 | 中国科学院电子学研究所苏州研究院 | WebGIS (Web geographic information System) time-space process simulation method based on time sequence characteristics and particle systems |
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| CN108086977A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of coal seam prevents water-resisting floor coal-mining method for water-bearing layer |
| CN109063230B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2023-04-07 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for evaluating mine flooding process under different water inrush or water permeability conditions |
| CN109767136A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-17 | 内蒙古上海庙矿业有限责任公司 | Roof water-bearing layer water fathering hazard assessment and the duplexing practice of prediction four |
| CN109871648B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-10-08 | 山东科技大学 | The construction method of groundwater resources three-dimensional visualization dynamic monitoring structural model |
| CN110163966B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-12-09 | 中煤科工集团北京华宇工程有限公司 | Method for automatically establishing three-dimensional geological information model of coal mine by using point cloud data |
| CN110491267B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-02-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Simulation device for disaster mechanism and danger of water disaster of coal seam roof |
| CN110851991B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2023-07-14 | 核工业二〇八大队 | Underground water flow numerical simulation method |
| CN112233239B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-04-11 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Visual evaluation method and system based on dynamic three-dimensional modeling feedback |
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