CN105425156B - A kind of power battery cycle life test method - Google Patents
A kind of power battery cycle life test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105425156B CN105425156B CN201510752989.6A CN201510752989A CN105425156B CN 105425156 B CN105425156 B CN 105425156B CN 201510752989 A CN201510752989 A CN 201510752989A CN 105425156 B CN105425156 B CN 105425156B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
Abstract
The invention belongs to Automobile Measuring Techniques fields, provide a kind of power battery cycle life test method, including：Capacity initial value Q when 25 DEG C of test temperature, 0.5C chargings, 1C electric discharges, depth of discharge are 100%0；Test different temperatures to the temperature influence value of capacity attenuation rate, different charging currents to the charging current influence value of the capacity attenuation rate, different discharge currents to the discharge current influence value of the capacity attenuation rate, different depth of discharges to the depth of discharge influence value of the capacity attenuation rate；Determine the capacity target value of power battery capacity attenuation；Establish the model of power battery capacity attenuation；When calculating charging the cycle-index of power battery and during electric discharge power battery cycle-index.The present invention can accurately calculate the power battery cycle life of electric vehicle operating status, the validity of test is high by establishing the power battery capacity attenuation Rate Models of different temperatures, charging current, discharge current and depth of discharge.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Automobile Measuring Techniques fields, and in particular to a kind of power battery cycle life test method.
Background technology
Under the active demand of economic globalization development and social energy conservation emission reduction, the center of gravity of World Auto Industry development is
It shifts.Currently, development has the characteristics that environmental protection, energy saving new-energy automobile have become the common recognition of automotive field, and
Electric vehicle is exactly the common technique in this developing direction.Electric vehicle is the one kind for providing energy by power battery to run
Vehicle, and power battery is as the important component in electric vehicle, the fine or not hair that will directly influence electric vehicle of performance
Exhibition and application prospect.
At present, the service life of power battery is the important performance indexes of power battery, and is generally believed in power battery field
It cannot be again on electric vehicle after battery capacity drops to the 80% of rated capacity.In order to study the longevity of power battery
Life, is currently generally tested by modelling, in particular by setting extreme condition, such as high current, high temperature, low temperature, to electricity
Pond carries out accelerating lifetime testing, and situation when electric vehicle operation should be installed on power battery is quite different, and testing result is not
Accurately, it differs greatly with the practical power battery service life, therefore, the validity of test is poor.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of power battery cycle life test method, by establishing different temperatures, charging
The power battery capacity attenuation Rate Models of electric current, discharge current and depth of discharge can accurately calculate electric vehicle operation
The power battery cycle life of state, the validity of test are high.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of power battery cycle life test method, including：
Step S1：Capacity initial value Q when 25 DEG C of test temperature, 0.5C chargings, 1C electric discharges, depth of discharge are 100%0；
Step S2：Test temperature influence value fs (T) of the different temperatures T to capacity attenuation rate；
Step S3：Test different charging current I1To the charging current influence value f of the capacity attenuation rate1(I1)；
Step S4：Test different discharge current I2To the discharge current influence value f of the capacity attenuation rate2(I2)；
Step S5：Test depth of discharge influence value fs (DOD) of the different depth of discharge DOD to the capacity attenuation rate；
Step S6：Determine the capacity target value Q of power battery capacity attenuation；
Step S7：The model of the power battery capacity attenuation is established,
Q=Q0×f(T)×f(I)×f(DOD)×C(cycle)
；The cycle-index C of power battery when calculating charging1(cycle),
The cycle-index C of power battery when calculating electric discharge2(cycle),
Preferably, the step S2 includes：
Step S21：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S22：Test 0.5C charges to the power battery and is completely filled with, and then it is complete to be discharged to the power battery by 1C
Full electric discharge, the corresponding temperature influence value f (T) of different temperatures T；
Step S23：According to the test result in the step S22, using temperature T as independent variable, corresponding temperature shadow
It is dependent variable to ring value f (T), obtains variation functions of the temperature influence value f (T) with temperature T.
Preferably, the step S3 includes：
Step S31：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cvcle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S32：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C are discharged to the power battery and discharge completely, different charging current I1It charges to
The power battery is completely filled with state, corresponding charging current influence value f1(I1)；
Step S33：According to the test result in the step S32, with charging current I1It is corresponding to put for independent variable
Electric current influence value f1(I1) it is dependent variable, obtain charging current influence value f1(I1) with charging current I1Variation function.
Preferably, the step S4 includes：
Step S41：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S42：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C charge to the power battery and are completely filled with, different discharge current I2It is discharged to
The complete discharge condition of power battery, corresponding discharge current influence value f2(I2)；
Step S43：According to the test result in the step S42, with discharge current I2It is corresponding to put for independent variable
Electric current influence value f2(I2) it is dependent variable, obtain discharge current influence value f2(I2) with discharge current I2Variation function.
Preferably, the step S5 includes：
Step S51：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S52：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C charge to the power battery and are completely filled with, and 1C is discharged to the power battery
Different depth of discharge DOD when, corresponding depth of discharge influence value f (DOD)；
Step S53：It is corresponding using depth of discharge DOD as independent variable according to the test result in the step S52
Depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) is dependent variable, obtains variation functions of the depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) with depth of discharge DOD.
Preferably, in the step S23 temperature influence value f (T) with charging in the variation function of temperature T, the step S33
Electric current influence value f1(I1) with charging current I1Variation function, discharge current influence value f in the step S432(I2) with electric discharge
Electric current I2Variation function and the step S53 in depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) lead to the variation function of depth of discharge DOD
Curve matching is crossed to obtain.
Preferably, the method for the curve matching is least square method.
Preferably, the temperature T is controlled by placing the incubator of the power battery.
Preferably, the charging current I1, the discharge current I2, the depth of discharge DOD and the capacity target value Q
It is set by charge and discharge instrument, the charge and discharge instrument is connect with the power battery signal.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is by testing different temperatures, charging current, discharge current and depth of discharge to power battery capacity attenuation
The model of power battery capacity attenuation rate is established in the influence of rate, according to the model, can calculate the power under different operating modes
Battery cycle life can calculate power battery cycle life during electric vehicle operation, the model that this kind of detection mode obtains
Accurately, as a result validity is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of specific embodiment of power battery cycle life test method provided by the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it is right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
It please refers to Fig.1, in a kind of specific embodiment, power battery cycle life test side provided by the present invention
Method, which is characterized in that including：
Step S1：25 DEG C of test temperature, 0.5C chargings, 1C electric discharges, the capacity initial value Q that depth of discharge is 100%0；
Step S2：Test temperature influence value fs (T) of the different temperatures T to capacity attenuation rate；
Step S3：Test different charging current I1To the charging current influence value f of capacity attenuation rate1(I1)；
Step S4：Test different discharge current I2To the discharge current influence value f of capacity attenuation rate2(I2)；
Step S5：Test depth of discharge influence value fs (DOD) of the different depth of discharge DOD to capacity attenuation rate；
Step S6：Determine the capacity target value Q of power battery capacity attenuation；
Step S7：Power battery capacity attenuation model is established,
Q=Q0×f(T)×f(I)×f(DOD)×C(cycle)
；It converts to obtain by above-mentioned formula, the cycle-index C of power battery when calculating charging1(cycle),
The cycle-index C of power battery when calculating electric discharge2(cycle),
Above-described embodiment is by testing different temperatures, charging current, discharge current and depth of discharge to power battery capacity
The model of power battery capacity attenuation rate is established in the influence of rate of decay, according to the model, can be calculated under different operating modes
Power battery cycle life can calculate power battery cycle life during electric vehicle operation, what this kind of detection mode obtained
Model is accurate, and as a result validity is high.
Step S2 includes：
Step S21：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S22：Test 0.5C charges to the power battery and is completely filled with, and then 1C is discharged to power battery and puts completely
Electricity, the corresponding temperature influence value f (T) of different temperatures T；
Step S23：According to the test result in step S22, using temperature T as independent variable, corresponding temperature influence value f
(T) it is dependent variable, obtains variation functions of the temperature influence value f (T) with temperature T.
The above method only sets an independent variable, just obtains the function of temperature influence value f (T), test mode is simple, is easy to
The foundation of entire power battery capacity attenuation model can make parameter respectively independent, and accuracy is high.
Above-mentioned temperature T can be selected as -10 DEG C, 0 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 45 DEG C and 60 DEG C respectively, and test obtains corresponding temperature
Spend influence value f (T)；It is -15 DEG C, -9 DEG C, 5 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 35 DEG C, 65 DEG C etc. that temperature T, which can certainly be selected, and the choosing value of temperature T is got over
More, obtained power battery capacity attenuation model is more accurate.
Charging current I1It can also be by setting different temperature T and other variate-values such as charging current I1, discharge current I2
It is obtained with one of depth of discharge DOD or both or three, but the obtained temperature influence value f (T) of this kind of method and temperature
Spend influence value f (T) or charging current influence value f1(I1), discharge current influence value f2(I2) or depth of discharge influence value f
(DOD) then there are coupled relations, are not easy to establish entire power battery capacity attenuation model.
Step S3 includes：
Step S31：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S32：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C are discharged to the power battery and discharge completely, different charging current I1It charges to
The power battery is completely filled with state, corresponding charging current influence value f1(I1)；
Step S33：According to the test result in the step S32, with charging current I1It is corresponding to put for independent variable
Electric current influence value f1(I1) it is dependent variable, obtain charging current influence value f1(I1) with charging current I1Variation function.
The above method only sets an independent variable, just obtains charging current influence value f1(I1) function, test mode letter
It is single, it is easy to the foundation of entire power battery capacity attenuation model, parameter can be made respectively independent, accuracy is high.
Above-mentioned charging current I1It can be selected as 0.3C, 0.5C, 1C respectively, test obtains corresponding charging current influence value f1
(I1)；Charging current I can certainly be selected1For 0.2C, 0.8C, 1.2C etc., charging current I1Choosing value it is more, obtained power
Battery capacity attenuation model is more accurate.
Charging current influence value f1(I1) can also be by setting different charging current I1With other variate-values such as temperature T,
Discharge current I2It is obtained, but the charging current that this kind of method obtains with one of depth of discharge DOD or both or three
Influence value f1(I1) and temperature influence value f (T), discharge current influence value f2(I2) or depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) then deposit
In coupled relation, it is not easy to establish entire power battery capacity attenuation model.
Step S4 includes：
Step S41：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S42：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C charge to the power battery and are completely filled with, different discharge current I2It is discharged to
The complete discharge condition of power battery, corresponding discharge current influence value f2(I2)；
Step S43：According to the test result in the step S42, with discharge current I2It is corresponding to put for independent variable
Electric current influence value f2(I2) it is dependent variable, obtain discharge current influence value f2(I2) with discharge current I2Variation function.
The above method only sets an independent variable, just obtains discharge current influence value f2(I2) function, test mode letter
It is single, it is easy to the foundation of entire power battery capacity attenuation model, parameter can be made respectively independent, accuracy is high.
Above-mentioned discharge current I2It can be selected as 0.5C, 1C, 1.5C, 2C respectively, test, which obtains corresponding discharge current, to be influenced
Value f2(I2)；Discharge current I can certainly be selected2For 0.2C, 0.8C, 1.2C, 2.2C etc., discharge current I2Choosing value it is more, obtain
The power battery capacity attenuation model arrived is more accurate.
Discharge current influence value f2(I2) can also be by setting different discharge current I2With other variate-values such as temperature T,
Charging current I1It is obtained, but the discharge current that this kind of method obtains with one of depth of discharge DOD or both or three
Influence value f2(I2) and temperature influence value f (T), charging current influence value f1(I1) or depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) then deposit
In coupled relation, it is not easy to establish entire power battery capacity attenuation model.
Step S5 includes：
Step S51：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S52：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C charge to the power battery and are completely filled with, and 1C is discharged to the power battery
Different depth of discharge DOD when, corresponding depth of discharge influence value f (DOD)；
Step S53：It is corresponding using depth of discharge DOD as independent variable according to the test result in the step S52
Depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) is dependent variable, obtains variation functions of the depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) with depth of discharge DOD.
The above method only sets an independent variable, just obtains depth of discharge influence value f (DOD), test mode is simple, is easy to
The foundation of entire power battery capacity attenuation model can make parameter respectively independent, and accuracy is high.
Above-mentioned depth of discharge DOD can be selected as 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% respectively, and test obtains discharging accordingly deep
Spend the function of influence value f (DOD)；It is 95%, 85%, 79%, 68% etc. that depth of discharge, which can certainly be selected,.
Depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) can also be by setting different depth of discharge DOD and other variate-values such as temperature
T, charging current I1, discharge current I2One of or both or three obtain, when the depth of discharge shadow that this kind of method obtains
Ring value f (DOD) and temperature influence value f (T) or charging current influence value f1(I1) then there are coupled relations, it is not easy to establish entire
Power battery capacity attenuation model.
Temperature influence value f (T) is with charging current influence value f in the variation function of temperature T, step S33 in step S231(I1)
With charging current I1Variation function, in step S43 discharge current influence value with discharge current I2Variation function and step S53
Middle depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) can be with only one or both separately through corresponding with the variation function of depth of discharge DOD
The above method obtains, and is not limited to obtain using the above method simultaneously.
Temperature influence value f (T) is with charging current influence value f in the variation function of temperature T, step S33 in step S231(I1)
With charging current I1Variation function, discharge current influence value f in step S432(I2With discharge current I2Variation function and step
Depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) leads to curve matching excessively with the variation function of depth of discharge DOD and obtains in rapid S53.This kind of method
The function that curve matching obtains, it is only necessary to which power battery cycle life can be calculated by substituting into function, can be convenient for follow-up dynamic
The calculating of power battery cycle life.
Variation function, charging current influence value fs of the temperature influence value f (T) with temperature T1(I1) with charging current I1Variation
Function, discharge current influence value f2(I2) with discharge current I2Variation function and depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) it is deep with electric discharge
Discrete function can also be obtained and realize, but this mode is for establishing by establishing table or test by spending the variation function of DOD
Power battery cycle life is inconvenient, tables look-up or calculates and is all comparatively laborious.
The method of curve matching is least square method.The approximating method of least square method, is easily realized by computer program,
And many softwares carry the program, fitting is convenient, simplifies calculation process.Can certainly letter be obtained by interpolation method, approximatioss
Number, but the accuracy rate of this kind of method is low.
Specifically, it is selected as -10 DEG C, 0 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 45 DEG C and 60 DEG C respectively by temperature T, test obtains corresponding
Temperature influence value f (T) obtains the formula of temperature influence value f (T) by least square fitting：
F (T)=0.012%/time × [1+ (T-25)/60]；
Pass through different charging current I1It is selected as 0.3C, 0.5C, 1C respectively, test obtains corresponding charging current influence value
f1(I1), obtain charging current influence value f by least square fitting1(I1) formula：
f1(I1)=0.5+ (I1-0.5)；
Pass through different discharge current I2It is selected as 0.5C, 1C, 1.5C, 2C respectively, test obtains corresponding discharge current shadow
Ring value f2(I2), obtain discharge current influence value f by least square fitting2(I2) formula：
f2(I2)=1+0.4 × (I2-1)；
It is selected as 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% respectively by different depth of discharge DOD, test is discharged accordingly
Effect of depth value f (DOD) obtains the formula of depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) by least square fitting：
F (DOD)=100% × 1.5(DOD-1)/0.1
Temperature T in the above method is controlled by placing the incubator of power battery, i.e., power battery is put into incubator,
The temperature of power battery is controlled by the temperature for controlling incubator.Temperature is controlled by incubator, temperature is easily controllable, and can
Ensure the temperature value in test process, to obtain more accurate power battery capacity attenuation model.Certain temperature T can also lead to
Cross directly heat power battery or refrigeration power battery obtain, but this kind of mode, temperature T is not sufficiently stable.
Charging current I1, discharge current I2, depth of discharge DOD and capacity target value Q set by charge and discharge instrument, charge and discharge
Electric instrument is connect with power battery signal.The setting of each parameter is carried out by charge and discharge instrument, it is easy to operate.It can certainly lead to
Device when practical power battery is used or charged is crossed to realize, but this kind of mode cost is too high.
Specifically, power battery is connect with charge and discharge instrument signal, while the two is connect by control card with computer,
By computer hair number order, to realize the control of power battery parameter；Power battery marine site low-tension supply connection simultaneously, to provide
Power supply.
Although the present invention is described with reference to above example, the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, and
Only limited by claim, those of ordinary skill in the art easily can modify and change to it, but and without departing from
The essential idea and range of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of power battery cycle life test method, which is characterized in that including：
Step S1：Capacity initial value Q when 25 DEG C of test temperature, 0.5C chargings, 1C electric discharges, depth of discharge are 100%0；
Step S2：Test temperature influence value fs (T) of the different temperatures T to capacity attenuation rate；
Step S3：Test different charging current I1To the charging current influence value f of the capacity attenuation rate1(I1)；
Step S4：Test different discharge current I2To the discharge current influence value f of the capacity attenuation rate2(I2)；
Step S5：Test depth of discharge influence value fs (DOD) of the different depth of discharge DOD to the capacity attenuation rate；
Step S6：Determine the capacity target value Q of power battery capacity attenuation；
Step S7：The model of the power battery capacity attenuation is established,
Q=Q0×f(T)×f(I)×f(DOD)×C(cycle)；
The cycle-index C of power battery when calculating charging1(cycle),
；
The cycle-index C of power battery when calculating electric discharge2(cycle),
2. power battery cycle life test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S2 includes：
Step S21：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S22：Test 0.5C charges to the power battery and is completely filled with, and then 1C is discharged to the power battery and puts completely
Electricity, the corresponding temperature influence value f (T) of different temperatures T；
Step S23：According to the test result in the step S22, using temperature T as independent variable, corresponding temperature influence value f
(T) it is dependent variable, obtains variation functions of the temperature influence value f (T) with temperature T.
3. power battery cycle life test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step S3 includes：
Step S31：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S32：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C are discharged to the power battery and discharge completely, different charging current I1It charges to described dynamic
Power battery is completely filled with state, corresponding charging current influence value f1(I1)；
Step S33：According to the test result in the step S32, with charging current I1For independent variable, corresponding electric discharge electricity
Flow influence value f1(I1) it is dependent variable, obtain charging current influence value f1(I1) with charging current I1Variation function.
4. power battery cycle life test method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S4 includes：
Step S41：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S42：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C charge to the power battery and are completely filled with, different discharge current I2It is discharged to described dynamic
The complete discharge condition of power battery, corresponding discharge current influence value f2(I2)；
Step S43：According to the test result in the step S42, with discharge current I2For independent variable, corresponding electric discharge electricity
Flow influence value f2(I2) it is dependent variable, obtain discharge current influence value f2(I2) with discharge current I2Variation function.
5. power battery cycle life test method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step S5 includes：
Step S51：Based in the step S7
With
Set C1(cycle)=C2(cycle)=1000；
Step S52：25 DEG C of test, 0.5C charge to the power battery and are completely filled with, and 1C is discharged to the power battery not
During with depth of discharge DOD, corresponding depth of discharge influence value f (DOD)；
Step S53：According to the test result in the step S52, using depth of discharge DOD as independent variable, corresponding electric discharge
Effect of depth value f (DOD) is dependent variable, obtains variation functions of the depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) with depth of discharge DOD.
6. power battery cycle life test method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step S23 medium temperatures
Influence value f (T) is spent with charging current influence value f in the variation function of temperature T, the step S331(I1) with charging current I1's
Change discharge current influence value f in function, the step S432(I2) with discharge current I2Variation function and the step S53
Middle depth of discharge influence value f (DOD) is led to curve matching excessively with the variation function of depth of discharge DOD and is obtained.
7. power battery cycle life test method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the side of the curve matching
Method is least square method.
8. according to claim 1-7 any one of them power battery cycle life test methods, which is characterized in that the temperature
T is controlled by placing the incubator of the power battery.
9. according to claim 1-7 any one of them power battery cycle life test methods, which is characterized in that the charging
Electric current I1, the discharge current I2, the depth of discharge DOD and the capacity target value Q set by charge and discharge instrument, it is described
Charge and discharge instrument is connect with the power battery signal.
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