CN105424490A - Device and method for monitoring rupture process of shale hydrofracture - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring rupture process of shale hydrofracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN105424490A CN105424490A CN201510982699.0A CN201510982699A CN105424490A CN 105424490 A CN105424490 A CN 105424490A CN 201510982699 A CN201510982699 A CN 201510982699A CN 105424490 A CN105424490 A CN 105424490A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for monitoring a rupture process of shale hydrofracture. The device includes: a support, wherein a pedestal is disposed on the bottom of the support; a fixing and supporting part, which includes a bottom plate and two side plates, wherein the bottom plate is arranged on the pedestal and the two side plates are respectively disposed on two adjacent side edges of the pedestal, and a hole is formed in each side plate; a vertical loading part including a vertical loading board and a vertical loading rod, wherein the vertical loading board is horizontally disposed above the bottom plate, the lower end of the vertical loading rod is fixed on the vertical loading board, the upper end is stretched out from the top of the support, and the middle part is connected to the top of the support through threaded connection; and two side loading parts respectively disposed relative to the two side plates, wherein each side loading part includes a side loading board and a side loading rod, one end of the side loading rod is fixed on the side loading board, the other end of the side loading rod is stretched out from the side of the support, and the middle of the side loading rod is connected to the side of the support through threaded connection. The device is simple in structure, is small in size, is good in portability, and is strong in on-site operability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shale hydraulic fracturing technology, be specifically related to a kind of apparatus and method of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process.
Background technology
The permeability of shale reservoir is lower, and Anisotropy is obvious, therefore generally adopts waterfrac treatment to exploit.Before enforcement waterfrac treatment, need to carry out waterfrac treatment correlative study.At present, usual employing large-scale real triaxial device carries out waterfrac treatment test, this device adopts lifting jack independently to apply pressure in X, Y, Z tri-directions, added load is large, the real bearing state under condition of high ground stress can be simulated, but adopt lifting jack direct weighting to there is the problems such as pressure uniform sexual deviation is larger.In order to overcome this problem, as a kind of improved procedure, in pressure process, by X, Y, Z tri-directions are connected with devices such as web joint, force transmitting board and attitude reference devices, thus the power of axial loading system is passed on each stress surface of sample equably.Although this improved procedure overcomes the larger problem of above-mentioned pressure uniform sexual deviation, however device volume huge, be not easy to carry, complicated field condition cannot be adapted to.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of apparatus and method of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process, for solve device volume of the prior art huge, be not easy to carry, the technological deficiencies such as complicated field condition cannot be adapted to.
The invention provides a kind of device of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process, comprising:
Support, is provided with base bottom it;
Fixed support portion, comprise base plate and two side plates, base plate is arranged on base, and two side plates are separately positioned in two adjacent side of base plate, and side plate offers perforate;
Plumb load portion, comprise Plumb load plate and Plumb load bar, Plumb load plate level is arranged on above base plate, and the lower end of Plumb load bar is fixed on Plumb load plate, the upper end of Plumb load bar passes from cradle top, and the middle part of Plumb load bar is threaded with cradle top;
Two side direction loading units, be oppositely arranged with two side plates respectively, side direction loading unit comprises side direction load plate and side direction load bar, and one end of side direction load bar is fixed in side direction load plate, the other end of side direction load bar passes from stent side portion, and the middle part of side direction load bar is threaded with stent side portion.
Further, at least one is offered respectively for installing the groove of acoustic emission probe at the inside surface of base plate, two side plates, Plumb load plate and two side direction load plate.
Further, at base plate, two side plates, Plumb load plate is relative respectively with the inside surface of two side direction load plate offers two described grooves.
Further, at described groove, acoustic emission probe is installed.
Device of the present invention also comprises servomotor, and described servomotor is connected with described side direction load bar to drive described side direction load bar to rotate.
Further, manual loading handle is provided with in the upper end of described Plumb load bar.
Further, described Plumb load bar and two side direction load bars are equipped with strain gauge.
In one embodiment, the top of described support and bottom are all in cruciform, and the sidepiece of described support comprises four columns, and each column is arranged between each end of described top and bottom.
Further, described support length, width and be highly all less than 50cm.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process, utilize above-mentioned arbitrary described device to carry out, and described method comprises:
Get shale and be cut into rectangular parallelepiped, rectangular parallelepiped is holed, dry subsequently, obtained sample;
At the base plate of described device, the inside surface of two side plates, Plumb load plate and two side direction load plate, at least one acoustic emission probe is installed respectively, sample is placed in described device, rotate described Plumb load bar and two side direction load bars respectively, sample is forced into and reaches preset pressure;
Pumping liquid in the hole of sample, and utilize acoustic emission probe to monitor sample pressure break rupture process.
The apparatus structure of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process provided by the invention is simple, and volume is little, has good portability, easy to install and use, and be particularly suitable for working-yard, site operative is strong.The method of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process provided by the invention adopts said apparatus to carry out, and the method is simple to operate, and controllability is strong, applied widely; Particularly, the method can be tested under close layer state truly, and can obtain the information such as the ruptured type of sample when waterfrac treatment, failure mode, rupture location, thus is conducive to the process of understanding rock waterfrac treatment in depth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the device of the monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: support; 2: base; 3: base plate; 4: side plate; 5: Plumb load plate; 6: Plumb load bar; 7: side direction load plate; 8: side direction load bar; 9: groove; 10: manual loading handle; 11: top; 12: bottom; 13: sidepiece; 14: threaded hole.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the device of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process of the present invention, comprising: support 1, bottom it, 12 are provided with base 2; Fixed support portion, comprise base plate 3 and two side plates 4, base plate 3 is arranged on base 2, and two side plates 4 are separately positioned in two adjacent side of base plate 2, and side plate 4 offers perforate; Plumb load portion, comprise Plumb load plate 5 and Plumb load bar 6, Plumb load plate 5 is horizontally set on above base plate 3, the lower end of Plumb load bar 6 is fixed on Plumb load plate 5, the upper end of Plumb load bar 6 passes from support 1 top 11, and the middle part of Plumb load bar 6 is threaded with support 1 top 11; Two side direction loading units, be oppositely arranged with two side plates 4 respectively, side direction loading unit comprises side direction load plate 7 and side direction load bar 8, one end of side direction load bar 8 is fixed in side direction load plate 7, the other end of side direction load bar 8 passes from support 1 sidepiece 13, and the middle part of side direction load bar 8 is threaded with support 1 sidepiece 13.
In the apparatus of the present, support 1 provides support for whole device, and is threaded connection as Plumb load plate 5 and two side direction load plate 7 provide agretope and loading force; Base 2 provides stable test platform for whole device; Base plate 3 and two side plates 4 provide fixed placement position for sample, and the perforate on side plate 4 enters for making the liquid of enforcement waterfrac treatment; Plumb load portion and two side direction loading units are respectively sample provides loading force; Base plate 3, two side plates 4, Plumb load plate 5 and two these six blocks of plates of side direction load plate 7 surround the loading space for placing sample jointly, and when loading sample, six blocks of plates are formed with six surfaces of column sample and contact; Plumb load bar 6 and each side direction load bar 8 are threaded respectively with between support 1, when rotating Plumb load bar 6 and each side direction load bar 8, along with the propelling of Plumb load bar 6 and each side direction load bar 8, the acting force between itself and support 1 becomes the loading force of Plumb load plate 5 and each side direction load plate 7 pairs of samples respectively.Said apparatus structure is simple, and volume is little, has good portability, easy to install and use, and be particularly suitable for working-yard, site operative is strong.
In the present invention, strict restriction is not done to the concrete structure of support 1; Further, be understandable that, support 1 should have top 11, bottom 12 and sidepiece 13, and top 11 and bottom 12 are oppositely arranged.In one embodiment, the top 11 of support 1 and bottom 12 are all in cruciform, and the sidepiece 13 of support 1 comprises four columns, and column is arranged between the end of top 11 and bottom 12; In addition, top 11 and column are respectively arranged with threaded hole 14, are threaded to be formed with Plumb load bar 6 and each side direction load bar 8.
Further, length, the width of support 1 and highly all can be set to be less than 50cm, that is, the volume of apparatus of the present invention is less than 50cm × 50cm × 50cm.Now, the small volume of this device, is convenient for carrying.
In the present invention, can be offered at least one respectively for installing the groove 9 of acoustic emission probe at the inside surface of base plate 3, two side plates 4, Plumb load plate 5 and two side direction load plate 7.In the present invention, the surface towards above-mentioned loading space is set to inside surface.Groove 9 is for installing acoustic emission probe, groove 9 is offered respectively at the inside surface of above-mentioned each plate, be conducive to, when carrying out waterfrac treatment test, acoustic emission probe is installed, to monitor the acoustic emission situation on each surface of sample, thus detect the rupture process of shale when waterfrac treatment in real time, the ruptured type of such as shale when waterfrac treatment, failure mode, rupture location etc., for site operation and pressure break significant.
The present invention to above-mentioned each plate upper groove 9 number is set and setting position does not do strict restriction, in one embodiment, can at base plate 3, two side plates 4, Plumb load plate 5 is relative respectively with the inside surface of two side direction load plate 7 offers two grooves 9.Which can gather the acoustic emission situation on each surface of sample preferably, thus is conducive to the process of understanding shale waterfrac treatment in depth.
Further, at groove 9, acoustic emission probe (not shown) can be installed in advance, thus without the need to installing when waterfrac treatment is tested.In addition, as do not installed acoustic emission probe in the groove 9 of said apparatus, also can install before waterfrac treatment test.
The rotation mode of the present invention to Plumb load bar 6 and each side direction load bar 8 does not do strict restriction, such as, can be driven by motor, can adopt manual rotation yet.In one embodiment, said apparatus can also comprise servomotor (not shown), and servomotor can be connected with side direction load bar 8 and rotates to load bar 8 with driving side; Further, manual loading handle 10 can be set in the upper end of Plumb load bar 6; Manual loading handle 10 loads for manual rotation.The dirigibility of which operation and use is strong, and is more easy to control.
Further, strain gauge (not shown) can be set on Plumb load bar 6 and two side direction load bars 8.Strain gauge is convenient to the monitor force change at any time when loading, thus makes process of the test more have controllability; In addition, strain gauge is conducive to the stressing conditions that base area stress parameters carrys out rock under simulation stratum condition, thus makes test more close to real formation conditions.
Device of the present invention can also comprise control system (not shown), such as computing machine etc.Control system may be used for controlling and records shale waterfrac treatment rupture process, and its automaticity is high, operates and controls convenient.
Embodiment 2
The method of monitoring shale waterfrac treatment rupture process of the present invention, utilize the device of embodiment 1 to carry out, and the method comprises the steps:
1) get shale and be cut into rectangular parallelepiped, rectangular parallelepiped is holed, dry subsequently, obtained sample;
2) at the inside surface of base plate 3, two side plates 4 of described device, Plumb load plate 5 and two side direction load plate 7, at least one acoustic emission probe is installed respectively, sample is placed in described device, rotate described Plumb load bar 5 and two side direction load bars 7 respectively, sample is forced into and reaches preset pressure;
3) to pumping liquid in the hole of sample, and acoustic emission probe is utilized to monitor sample pressure break rupture process.
In the present invention, the size of sample can be 20cm × 20cm × 20cm; The diameter in hole can be 2mm, and the length in hole can be 12.5cm.
Particularly, step 1) in, this area conventional method can be adopted to prepare sample; Wherein, drying can be carried out in drying box, and drying time can be 24h.
Step 2) in, can adopt usual manner, on each plate, acoustic emission probe is installed; Particularly, when each plate of device has groove 9, acoustic emission probe can be installed in groove 9; The installation number of the present invention to acoustic emission probe does not do strict restriction, such as, on each plate, respectively can install two acoustic emission probes, thus altogether installs 12 acoustic emission probes.In addition, rotate that sample is pressurizeed by driven by servomotor side direction load bar 8, and by the 6 pairs of samples pressurizations of manual rotation Plumb load bar; Can arrange according to test needs the on-load pressure of sample, preset pressure can be such as about 5MPa.In addition, first on sample, foil gauge can be installed before the test, so that the capable measurement of contraposition shift-in.
Step 3) in, can need to pump into different liquid according to test, such as water etc.; Particularly, when carrying out waterfrac treatment test to sample, the relevant informations such as the displacement of computing machine synchronous recording, tangential force and acoustic emission can be utilized, thus obtain the ruptured type of sample when waterfrac treatment, failure mode, rupture location etc.
Method of the present invention is simple to operate, and controllability is strong, applied widely; Particularly, the method can tested close under layer state truly, and can obtain the information such as the ruptured type of sample when waterfrac treatment, failure mode, rupture location, thus has understand the process of rock waterfrac treatment in depth.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. monitor a device for shale waterfrac treatment rupture process, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Support, is provided with base bottom it;
Fixed support portion, comprise base plate and two side plates, base plate is arranged on base, and two side plates are separately positioned in two adjacent side of base plate, and side plate offers perforate;
Plumb load portion, comprise Plumb load plate and Plumb load bar, Plumb load plate level is arranged on above base plate, and the lower end of Plumb load bar is fixed on Plumb load plate, the upper end of Plumb load bar passes from cradle top, and the middle part of Plumb load bar is threaded with cradle top;
Two side direction loading units, be oppositely arranged with two side plates respectively, side direction loading unit comprises side direction load plate and side direction load bar, and one end of side direction load bar is fixed in side direction load plate, the other end of side direction load bar passes from stent side portion, and the middle part of side direction load bar is threaded with stent side portion.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, offers at least one respectively for installing the groove of acoustic emission probe at the inside surface of base plate, two side plates, Plumb load plate and two side direction load plate.
3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, at base plate, two side plates, Plumb load plate is relative respectively with the inside surface of two side direction load plate offers two described grooves.
4. the device according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, is provided with acoustic emission probe at described groove.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises servomotor, and described servomotor is connected with described side direction load bar to drive described side direction load bar to rotate.
6. device according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, be provided with manual loading handle in the upper end of described Plumb load bar.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Plumb load bar and two side direction load bars are equipped with strain gauge.
8. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the top of described support and bottom are all in cruciform, and the sidepiece of described support comprises four columns, and each column is arranged between each end of described top and bottom.
9. the device according to claim 1 or 8, is characterized in that, length, the width of described support and be highly all less than 50cm.
10. monitor a method for shale waterfrac treatment rupture process, it is characterized in that, utilize the arbitrary described device of claim 1 to 9 to carry out, and described method comprises:
Get shale and be cut into rectangular parallelepiped, rectangular parallelepiped is holed, dry subsequently, obtained sample;
At the base plate of described device, the inside surface of two side plates, Plumb load plate and two side direction load plate, at least one acoustic emission probe is installed respectively, sample is placed in described device, rotate described Plumb load bar and two side direction load bars respectively, sample is forced into and reaches preset pressure;
Pumping liquid in the hole of sample, and utilize acoustic emission probe to monitor sample pressure break rupture process.
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| CN201510982699.0A CN105424490A (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2015-12-23 | Device and method for monitoring rupture process of shale hydrofracture |
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| CN201510982699.0A CN105424490A (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2015-12-23 | Device and method for monitoring rupture process of shale hydrofracture |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107179242A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-19 | 东南大学 | A kind of manual simplified true triaxil tester |
| CN108169455A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of filling medium true triaxial seepage failure laboratory and test method |
| CN109001037A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of mud stone drying and watering cycle slaking test equipment that true stress condition is provided |
| CN110331970A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multistage fracturing simulation experiment device |
| CN115248151A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-28 | 东北石油大学 | Rock core fixing device for real triaxial reservoir in-situ state hydraulic fracturing experiment |
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| CN108169455A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of filling medium true triaxial seepage failure laboratory and test method |
| CN109001037A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of mud stone drying and watering cycle slaking test equipment that true stress condition is provided |
| CN110331970A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multistage fracturing simulation experiment device |
| CN110331970B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multistage fracturing simulation experiment device |
| CN115248151A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-28 | 东北石油大学 | Rock core fixing device for real triaxial reservoir in-situ state hydraulic fracturing experiment |
| CN115248151B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-02-28 | 东北石油大学 | Rock core fixing device for real triaxial reservoir in-situ state hydraulic fracturing experiment |
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