CN105423957B - A kind of measuring method for the shaft rotary corner for suppressing angle of shafting declivity turn error - Google Patents
A kind of measuring method for the shaft rotary corner for suppressing angle of shafting declivity turn error Download PDFInfo
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- CN105423957B CN105423957B CN201510789925.3A CN201510789925A CN105423957B CN 105423957 B CN105423957 B CN 105423957B CN 201510789925 A CN201510789925 A CN 201510789925A CN 105423957 B CN105423957 B CN 105423957B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of optical measurements, is a kind of shaft rotary corner measuring method that can suppress the influence of angle of shafting declivity turn error.Measuring principle system of the present invention is as shown in figure 1, the rotating shaft 2 with wedge 5 is placed between autocollimator 1 and speculum 3.Due to the refraction action of wedge 5, the light beam that autocollimator 1 is sent is formed after speculum 3 reflects, with outgoing beam in deflection angle β return autocollimators 1, and pools luminous point picture;When 5 unitary rotation of rotating shaft 2 and wedge, the reflected beams rotate around the axis of rotating shaft 2, and the luminous point picture in autocollimator 1 is along circular motion;Computer 4 record luminous point on circumference as center-of-mass coordinate, fit locus circle central coordinate of circle, then specify starting point A and terminal B on circumference, corresponding center of circle subtended angle calculated using A and B coordinate value, the angle be needed for the rotating shaft 2 that measures by A to B corner.Center shafting wobble error of the present invention has little influence on the measurement accuracy of rotational angle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ray machine detection field, is a kind of high-precision shaft rotary corner measuring method.It is related to autocollimator, light
The combination of wedge and speculum, specifically a kind of measurement side for the axis of rotation angle for suppressing angle of shafting declivity turn error
Method.
Background technology
According to the angular surveying principle of autocollimator, it is easy to expect measuring rotating shaft using the light path system shown in Fig. 1
Corner.Wherein 1 is autocollimator, and 2 be rotating shaft, and 3 be speculum, and 4 be computer;Speculum 3 is arranged on the end face of rotating shaft 2,
And it is at an angle of θ with the end face of rotating shaft 2;The collimated light beam that autocollimator 1 is sent is after the reflection of speculum 3, with respect to autocollimator 1
The θ of outgoing beam deviation angle beta=2 and enter autocollimator 1 and form luminous point picture;Autocollimator 1 is connected with computer 4, autocollimatic
The position data of the luminous point picture obtained in straight instrument 1 read by computer 4, the position coordinates of luminous point picture is can obtain by processing,
And it is shown on the display screen of computer 4;When 3 unitary rotation of rotating shaft 2 and speculum, axis of the reflected beams around rotating shaft 2
Rotate, the luminous point picture in autocollimator 1 on the display screen of computer 4 along circular motion, as shown in Fig. 2 locus circle
Radius depends on the relative distance of the θ of the deflection angle β of the reflected beams and outgoing beam=2 and autocollimator 1 and speculum 3;With
Any luminous point image position of lower left is set to origin and establishes rectangular coordinate system on locus circle, is obtained by recording in the rotation process of rotating shaft 2
A series of circumference point coordinates obtained can fit locus circle central coordinate of circle C, recycle circumference up-sampling starting point A and terminal B
Coordinate value can calculate center of circle subtended angle between A and B corresponding to circular arcThe angle is the corner of rotating shaft 2.
This measuring method simply, conveniently, while can realize that extensive turn angle measures, and the rotation that can be widely used for mechanism misses
Difference measurements.However, due to the mismachining tolerance of rotating shaft, the alignment error of bearing, bearing clearance in itself and rotating shaft were using
In journey by driving force act on etc. factor influenceed, cause to swing during axis of rotation, in specialty referred to as shafting incline
Angle turn error, the reflected beams on its related speculum 3 are swung, and cause the luminous point picture in autocollimator 1 to depart from preferable
Circular trace, and bias is 2 times of angle of shafting declivity turn error, final position is changed to B1 points by B points, in Fig. 2
It is shown, produce outer corner measurement errorAngle of shafting declivity turn error in different rotating mechanisms is different, and generally several rads are arrived
Tens rads.It can be seen that angle of shafting declivity turn error has had a strong impact on the measurement accuracy of the corner of rotating shaft 2.
Present invention is a kind of measuring method for the axis of rotation angle for suppressing angle of shafting declivity turn error.
For clear explanation present disclosure, the operation principle of autocollimator 1 is explained in detail below.The inside of autocollimator 1
In optical texture dotted line frame shown in Figure 3, wherein 11 be parallel light source, 12 be beam splitter, and 13 be lens, and 14 be CCD;It is flat
The light pencil that row radiant 11 is sent is emitted for 90 ° by 12 knuckle of beam splitter from the center of light-emitting window, is reflected and is emitted through speculum 3
Light beam is at an angle of β, and is converged in successively through beam splitter 12, lens 13 on CCD14 panel, forms luminous point picture;CCD14 and meter
Calculation machine 4 is directly connected to, and position data of the luminous point picture on CCD14 panels is read by computer 4, by the program in computer 4
Processing can obtain the position coordinates of luminous point picture, and be shown on the display screen of computer 4.
The content of the invention
The present invention be directed to angle of shafting declivity turn error countershaft outer corner measurement influence, propose it is a kind of based on wedge refraction
Shaft rotary corner measuring method, it is therefore an objective to suppress influence of the angle of shafting declivity turn error to measurement, improve the measurement essence of shaft rotary corner
Degree.
The optical path system schematic of the present invention is as shown in figure 4, wherein 1 is autocollimator, and 2 be rotating shaft, and 3 be reflection
Mirror, 4 be computer, and 5 be wedge;Wedge 5 is fixed on the end face of rotating shaft 2, speculum 3 be placed in after rotating shaft 2 it is vertical fixed and
Make the normal of speculum 3 and the diameter parallel of rotating shaft 2;Rotating shaft 2 with wedge 5 is placed between autocollimator 1 and speculum 3.
The light beam that autocollimator 1 is sent is successively by the refraction of wedge 5 and the reflection of speculum 3, folding of the reflected beams again through wedge 5
Penetrate and the outgoing beam of autocollimator 1 forms deflection angle β and returned in autocollimator 1, and pool luminous point picture;Due to wedge 5
Refraction action, when 5 unitary rotation of rotating shaft 2 and wedge, the reflected beams rotate around the axis of rotating shaft 2, the light in autocollimator 1
Picture is put along circular motion;Computer 4 records a series of being uniformly distributed circumferentially of being obtained after rotating shaft 2 rotates one week
Luminous point as center-of-mass coordinate, fit locus circle central coordinate of circle, further according to specific measurement request specify circumference on starting point A and terminal
B, the center of circle subtended angle between A and B corresponding to circular arc is calculated using A and B coordinate valueThe angle is the rotating shaft 2 of required measurement
By A to B corner.
Three programs are stored with the computer 4 being connected with autocollimator 1:Program I be used for calculate luminous point as center-of-mass coordinate,
And luminous point image position and its center-of-mass coordinate are shown on display screen;Program II is rotated for drive shaft 2 with both of which, and one
It is continuously to rotate, second, with a fixed step size intermittent rotary, stores a series of luminous points that 2 intermittent rotary of rotating shaft obtains after one week in addition
As center-of-mass coordinate;Program III fits locus circle according to a series of coordinate values that 2 intermittent rotary of rotating shaft imported obtains after one week
And its central coordinate of circle, 2 points of coordinate value of meaning of being taken up an official post based on track circumference calculate the center of circle subtended angle corresponding to point-to-point transmission circular arc.
To ensure the measurement accuracy of the corner of rotating shaft 2, the light path design of measuring system need to make the locus circle of luminous point picture only smaller
It is the emergent light optical axis of this autocollimator 1 and the diameter parallel while and speculum of rotating shaft 2 in the measurement visual field of autocollimator 1
3 normal parallel, make it that the center of circle of locus circle is substantially the field of view center of autocollimator 1, the angle of wedge of described wedge 5 in addition
It is adjustable so that, can be by adjusting the wedge of wedge 5 after the distance of autocollimator 1 and speculum 3 determines under the qualifications of space
Angle causes the field number of track circular diameter and autocollimator 1 to approach.
In the method for the invention, although when rotating shaft 2 rotates angle of shafting declivity turn error can related wedge 5 swing, by
In the transmissison characteristic of wedge 5 so that in the light beam and reflected light path of incident wedge 5 from wedge 5 be emitted light beam hardly therewith
Mobile, deflection angle β especially therebetween hardly changes, i.e., angle of shafting declivity turn error hardly makes CCD panels
On luminous point picture produce off-track circle motion, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of the corner of rotating shaft 2.
The rejection ability of shaft wobble error of the present invention described further below.If angle of shafting declivity turn error is
α1, the angle of wedge of wedge 5 is γ, refractive index n and be that easy analysis is set to right angle wedge.As shown in figure 5, in α1The lower wedge of effect
5 and its normal also swing α1, cause autocollimator 1 to be produced into the emitting light path of speculum 3 by each interface of wedge 5
Serial refraction angle α2、α3、α4, and serial refraction angle β is also produced into the reflected light path of autocollimator 1 from speculum 31、β2、β3、
β4, finally make the outgoing beam formation angle Δ β+β=β of light beam with autocollimator 1 that wedge 5 is emitted in reflected light path4–α1, its
Middle Δ β is the margin of error of deflection angle β caused by angle of shafting declivity turn error.Δ β is smaller, illustrates that shaft inclination angle of the present invention is returned
The rejection ability for turning error is stronger.
Equation below is drawn according to the refraction relation of light:
Δ β+β=β4-α1 (1)
α3=α2+γ (3)
β3=β2-γ (4)
-β1+ γ=α4-γ (5)
Wedge angle gamma and refractive index n are considered as known quantity, Δ β α can be expressed as using above-mentioned equilibrium relationships1Function.
As setting γ=1800 rad, n=1.5, α1Deflection angle β=1800 rad can be calculated at=0 rad;Angle of shafting declivity revolution misses
Poor α1In 0 rad~100 rads of ranges, Δ β and angle of shafting declivity turn error α are calculated1Relation curve such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show.
It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that deflection angle β margin of error Δ β and angle of shafting declivity turn error α1It is approximately linear relationship, slope is
4×10-5, i.e., deflection angle β error be less than angle of shafting declivity turn error 1/10000.It can be seen that the present invention can effectively suppress shafting
Wobble error as the influence of running orbit, improves the measurement accuracy of shaft rotary corner to luminous point.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the light path system of the measurement shaft rotary corner described in background technology.Wherein 1 is autocollimator, and 2 be rotating shaft, 3
It is computer for speculum, 4.
Fig. 2 is the general principle and analysis of measurement errors figure of measurement shaft rotary corner.When rotating shaft 2 rotates time point picture certainly
Motion forms locus circle on CCD14 panel in collimator 1, is established using any position of the luminous point picture on locus circle as origin straight
Angular coordinate system, the series of circumferential point coordinates obtained according to test can fit locus circle central coordinate of circle C, recycle and surveyed on circumference
Examination starting point A and terminal B coordinate value can calculate the center of circle subtended angle between A and B corresponding to circular arcThe angle is rotating shaft 2
Corner.Due to the presence of angle of shafting declivity turn error so that outer corner measurement producesMeasurement error.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for showing the internal opticses structure of autocollimator 1.Wherein 11 be parallel light source, and 12 be beam splitter,
13 be lens, and 14 be CCD.
Fig. 4 is the light path system of the measurement shaft rotary corner proposed in the present invention.Wherein 5 be to be fixed on the end face of rotating shaft 2
Wedge, speculum 3 is placed in after wedge 5 vertical fixed.The effect of wedge 5 is that deviation occurs for the light beam for being emitted auto-collimation 1,
So that rotating shaft 2 rotates time point picture still along circular motion.Due to the transmissison characteristic of wedge 5 so that angle of shafting declivity turns round
Error hardly makes luminous point picture produce the motion that off-track is justified, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of the corner of rotating shaft 2.
Fig. 5 is influence schematic diagram of the center shafting wobble error of the present invention to deflection angle β.Wherein α1Returned for angle of shafting declivity
Turn error, cause autocollimator 1 to produce serial refraction angle by each interface of wedge 5 into the emitting light path of speculum 3
α2、α3、α4, and serial refraction angle β is also produced into the reflected light path of autocollimator 1 from speculum 31、β2、β3、β4, Δ β is α1Draw
The deflection angle β risen the margin of error, wedge 5 is the right angle wedge that the angle of wedge is γ, refractive index is n.
Fig. 6 is center shafting wobble error α of the present invention1With deflection angle margin of error Δ β relation curve.
The rotary motion trace of rotating shaft 2 in the worm-and-wheel gear that Fig. 7 is the present invention and two methods of the measurement of background technology obtains
Circle, rotating shaft 2 often rotate 4.5 degree of measurements once.Wherein "+" is the eyeball of the present invention, and " o " is the eyeball of background technology.
Fig. 8 is to be handled Fig. 7 data, rotating shaft 2 in the present invention and background technology the measurement worm-and-wheel gear of acquisition
Outer corner measurement error, wherein "+" for the present invention data point, " o " be background technology data point.The rotation step-length of rotating shaft 2
For 4.5 degree when, the maximum absolute error of appearance is respectively 0.05 degree and 1.45 degree, maximum relative error is respectively 1% and 30%.
Embodiment
1) autocollimator 1, for the products C ollapex AC300 of Xi'an Ang Ke luminous points Technology Co., Ltd., effective aperture
32mm, focal length 300mm, 50 jiaos points of imaging viewing field;
2) rotating shaft 2 is the hollow rotating shaft fixed in worm-and-wheel gear with worm gear, is driven with a servomotor, servo electricity
Machine is connected with computer 4;
3) computer 4 being connected with autocollimator 1 be autocollimator 1 attendant equipment, be mounted with thereon producer to journey
Sequence I, program I function are:Main interface is provided on the display screen of computer 4, the position of luminous point picture is shown with cross groove
In main interface, cross groove is centrally located at the barycenter of luminous point picture, and the synchronization with the change in location of luminous point picture of cross groove
It is mobile;Rectangular coordinate system is established, along display screen horizontal direction is x-axis, is y-axis along display screen vertical direction, unit is rad,
There is the functional block of " setting origin " in main interface, the position that operator selects a cross groove to be moved to is used as " present bit
Put ", the input " current location " in the functional block of " setting origin ", this position is the origin of the rectangular coordinate system;Follow ten
The position of word groove calculates and display luminous point is as the coordinate (x, y) of barycenter, and can be needed according to operator by the seat of test point
Mark is stored in computer 4;
4) wedge 5 is the adjustable double wedge compensators of the angle of wedge, the product G CO-030211M of Photoelectric Co., Ltd. of Daheng,
Angle of wedge adjustable range is 0~1 degree, and refractive index is 1.5 at wavelength 589nm, effective aperture 25mm;
5) clear aperture of speculum 3 is 25mm, has on the base of stationary mirror 3 and adjusts its pitching and orientation angles
Governor motion;
6) self-compiling program II is input in computer 4, and program II controls the rotation of rotating shaft 2:Start, stop, velocity of rotation,
Continuous rotation mode, rotate the batch (-type) rotation mode that step-length is 4.5 degree;
7) self-compiling program III is input in computer 4, and the rotating shaft 2 stored in program I is turned over to a series of tests of one week
The coordinate of point imports in program III in order, and program III fits locus circle, calculates central coordinate of circle, and by this central coordinate of circle
The coordinate for being distributed in all relatively new origins of test point on locus circle is conversed as new origin;Required to calculate rail according to operator
Corner between upper any two test point of mark circle;
8) measuring system is built according to Fig. 1 with the method introduced in background technology first;Speculum 3 is fixed on rotating shaft 2
On end face, calculated according to the parameter of autocollimator 1:Speculum 3 is 11 jiaos points with respect to the inclination angle theta of the end face of rotating shaft 2, autocollimator
The distance between 1 light-emitting window and speculum 3 are equal to 2.1 meters;Light path is put up according to the two calculating parameters;Open auto-collimation
Instrument 1, computer 4 and program I, luminous point picture is set to enter in the visual field of autocollimator 1, i.e., cross groove appears in the aobvious of computer 4
Show in main interface;Opening program II drive shafts 2 continuously rotate, and sight is looked into cross groove in the display main interface of computer 4 and moved
Locus circle, and the position of fine adjustment autocollimator 1, until locus circle is located at the Central Symmetry position of main interface display box, from
And make the optical axis of the emergent light of autocollimator 1 and the diameter parallel of rotating shaft 2;Folder between fine adjustment speculum 3 and the end face of rotating shaft 2 again
Angle θ, drive shaft 2 rotates again, until seeing that the locus circle of cross groove motion is slightly less than the visual field of autocollimator 1, i.e. base
This is the inscribed circle of main interface display frame;Make cross groove rest on the lower left of locus circle, be arranged to origin;Program II drives
Rotating shaft 2 is that step-length batch (-type) rotates with 4.5 degree, while program I storages often walk the centre coordinate value of cross groove, when 2 turns of rotating shaft
When spending one week, stop the rotation of rotating shaft 2;A series of coordinate of the test points measured is imported in program III in order, fitted
Locus circle, as shown in fig. 7, wherein " o " represents the test point that above-mentioned technology is obtained with background technology method, its locus circle center of circle
Coordinate for (1177.13 ", 875.06 "), the coordinate of test point is the relative seat using locus circle central coordinate of circle as new origin in figure
Mark;Find out that test point has obvious deviation relative to locus circle, and be distributed not uniform enough;Coordinate using adjacent two test point is
The central angle corresponding to each step-length can be calculated, the angle is that the rotating shaft 2 that background technology method measures often is walked and turned over
Angle, the value and corner step-length are made the difference, obtain in error curve such as Fig. 8 the curve that " o " is connected, with respect to 4.5 degree corners are most
Big absolute error is 1.45 degree, maximum relative error is up to 30%;
9) measuring system is built according to Fig. 4 with the method for the present invention;The measuring system built based on step " 8) ", from rotating shaft
Speculum 3 is pulled down on 2, the adjustable wedge 5 of the angle of wedge is fixed on the end face of rotating shaft 2;Parameter according to Fig. 4 light paths calculates certainly
The light-emitting window of collimator 1 is equal to 2.1 meters with the distance of speculum 3, and the angle of wedge of wedge 5 is 25 jiaos points;Speculum 3 is moved into rotating shaft
Compactly place, be vertically fixed on optical table as far as possible after 2, and putting down the normal of speculum 3 and the axis of rotating shaft 2
OK;Mobile autocollimator 1, it is 2.1 meters to make its distance between speculum 3, and keeps the optical axis of autocollimator 1 and rotating shaft 2 flat
OK, the angle of wedge of wedge 5 is adjusted to 25 jiaos points;Opening program II drive shafts 2 continuously rotate, and see the display master for looking into computer 4
The locus circle that cross groove moves on interface, and the position of fine adjustment autocollimator 1, until locus circle is located at main interface display box
Central Symmetry position so that the optical axis of the emergent light of autocollimator 1 and the diameter parallel of rotating shaft 2;The wedge of wedge 5 is finely tuned again
Angle, drive shaft 2 continuously rotates again, until seeing that the locus circle of cross groove motion is slightly less than the visual field of autocollimator 1, i.e.,
The essentially inscribed circle of main interface display box;Use the origin set in step " 8) ";Program II drive shafts 2 are with 4.5 degree
Step-length batch (-type) rotates, while program I storages often walk the centre coordinate value of cross groove, when rotating shaft 2 turns over one week, stops turning
The rotation of axle 2;A series of coordinate of the test points measured is imported in program III in order, fits locus circle, such as Fig. 7 institutes
Show, the test point that wherein "+" representative is obtained with the inventive method, its locus circle central coordinate of circle for (1152.68 ", 909.12 "),
The locus circle substantially with step " 8) " obtain locus circle overlap, in figure test point coordinate be also using the locus circle central coordinate of circle as
The relative coordinate values of origin;Test point "+" is fallen within the locus circle of fitting substantially, and is evenly distributed;Represented using adjacent "+"
The coordinates of two test points can calculate central angle corresponding to each step-length, the angle is turning of measuring of the inventive method
Axle 2 often walks turned over angle, and the value and corner step-length are made the difference, and obtains the curve that "+" is connected in error curve such as Fig. 8,
With respect to 4.5 degree 0.05 degree of corner maximum absolute errors, maximum relative error 1%.
The measurement error of two methods of the contrast present invention and background technology, illustrate that the present invention inhibits angle of shafting declivity well
Influence of the turn error to measurement result, the measurement accuracy of shaft rotary corner are very high.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of suppress angle of shafting declivity turn error shaft rotary corner measuring method, it is characterized in that it is a kind of based on wedge refraction
Shaft rotary corner measuring method, the optical system of shaft rotary corner is measured by autocollimator (1), rotating shaft (2), speculum (3), computer
(4) it is connected with wedge (5) composition, autocollimator (1) with computer (4);Wedge (5) is fixed on the end face of rotating shaft (2), reflection
Mirror (3) is placed in vertically fixed after rotating shaft (2) and makes the normal of speculum (3) and the diameter parallel of rotating shaft (2);With wedge
(5) rotating shaft (2) is placed between autocollimator (1) and speculum (3);The light beam that autocollimator (1) is sent passes through wedge successively
(5) refraction and the reflection of speculum (3), refraction of the reflected beams again through wedge (5), the outgoing beam with autocollimator (1)
Form deflection angle β to return in autocollimator (1), and pool luminous point picture;When rotating shaft (2) and wedge (5) unitary rotation, reflection
Light beam rotates around the axis of rotating shaft (2), and the luminous point picture in autocollimator (1) is along circular motion;Computer (4) records
After rotating shaft (2) rotates one week a series of luminous points being uniformly distributed circumferentially for obtaining as center-of-mass coordinate, to fit track round
Heart coordinate, the coordinate value of any starting point A and terminal B on circumference is recycled to calculate center of circle subtended angle between A and B corresponding to circular arcAs rotating shaft (2) by A to B corner;
Three programs are stored with computer (4):Program I be used to calculating luminous point as center-of-mass coordinate and by luminous point image position and its
Center-of-mass coordinate is shown on display screen;Program II is rotated for drive shaft (2) with both of which, when continuously rotate, second,
With a fixed step size intermittent rotary, a series of luminous points that storage rotating shaft (2) intermittent rotary obtains after one week in addition are as center-of-mass coordinate;Journey
Sequence III fits locus circle according to a series of coordinate values that rotating shaft (2) intermittent rotary imported obtains after one week and its center of circle is sat
Mark, 2 points of coordinate value of meaning of being taken up an official post based on track circumference calculate the center of circle subtended angle corresponding to point-to-point transmission circular arc;
To ensure the measurement accuracy of rotating shaft (2) corner, the light path design of measuring system need to be only slightly less than the locus circle of luminous point picture
The measurement visual field of autocollimator (1), be emergent light optical axis and the rotating shaft (2) of this autocollimator (1) diameter parallel and meanwhile with it is anti-
The normal parallel of mirror (3) is penetrated, make it that the center of circle of locus circle is substantially the field of view center of autocollimator (1), described light in addition
The angle of wedge of wedge (5) is adjustable so that after the distance of autocollimator (1) and speculum (3) determines under the qualifications of space, Neng Goutong
The angle of wedge of wedge (5) is overregulated so that the field number of track circular diameter and autocollimator (1) approaches.
2. a kind of measuring method of shaft rotary corner for suppressing angle of shafting declivity turn error according to claim 1, its feature
It is:
Described autocollimator (1), effective aperture 32mm, focal length 300mm, 50 jiaos points of imaging viewing field;
Described wedge (5) is the adjustable double wedge compensators of the angle of wedge, and angle of wedge adjustable range is 0~1 degree, in wavelength 589nm
It is 1.5 to locate refractive index, effective aperture 25mm;
The clear aperture of described speculum (3) is 25mm, has on the base of stationary mirror (3) and adjusts its pitching and orientation
The governor motion of angle;
The rotation of described program II control rotating shafts (2):Start, stop, velocity of rotation, continuous rotation mode, rotating step-length is
4.5 degree of batch (-type) rotation mode;
Described program III, central angle and rotation corresponding to each step-length are calculated using the coordinate of two adjacent test points
Step-length makes the difference, and obtains error curve, draws relative 4.5 degree of 0.05 degree of corner maximum absolute errors, maximum relative error 1%.
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