CN105420556A - Aluminum alloy conductor for extra-high voltage - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy conductor for extra-high voltage Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/02—Single bars, rods, wires, or strips
Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum alloy conductor for an extra-high voltage. The aluminum alloy conductor for the extra-high voltage comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4-0.7% of Mg, 0.35-0.65% of Si, 0.2-0.4% of Cu, 0.1-0.3% of Fe, 0.05-0.15% of Zn, 0.3-0.6% of B, 0.01-0.1% of Zr, 0.05-0.25% of Y, 0.04-0.2% of Ce, less than or equal to 0.1% of other impurities and elements and the balance being Al; and a preparation method of the aluminum alloy conductor for the extra-high voltage comprises the steps of raw material treatment; smelting; alloying; boronizing; refining; casting; solid solution heat treatment; rolling; drawing; and aging treatment. The aluminum alloy conductor for the extra-high voltage has the tensile strength of 269.27MPa and the electric conductivity of 63% IACS; in addition, the aluminum alloy conductor for the extra-high voltage has the strength survival rate of larger than 93% after being subjected to a test operation, namely heating at the temperature of 300 DEG C for 2 hours.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy conductor manufacturing technology field, be specifically related to extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor.
Background technology
In recent years, under the excitation of Chinese national economy high speed development, the various places demand of economy to electric power constantly increases, China's power grid construction is had unprecedented development, and transmitting line is to high-pressure trend, long distance ionization and high capacity future development.At present, China town and country power the heat-resisting wire that transmitting line uses, and are generally closed by common heat-resisting aluminium alloy single line and common tinned copper skein silk and form.The long-time running temperature of this ordinary heat-resisting conductor is lower than 150 DEG C, electric conductivity is at below 60%IACS, line loss is large, as wanted for extra high voltage line, transmitting line must be increased newly or increase wire cross-section area, these measures all can increase investment, with high costs, transform steel tower in addition and expand stringing all can take a large amount of land resources.As the common galvanized steel wire of reinforcing element, after preheating, linear expansivity increases, and after conveying electrical capacity increases, conductor temperature raises, and sag increases, and affects the safe operation of circuit.Want in the tensile strength improving aluminium conductor and under ensureing the prerequisite of qualified electric conductivity, obtain preferably resistance toheat certainly will have higher requirement to the alloy species added and complete processing.Therefore the more excellent coupling how obtaining mechanical property, resistance toheat and conductivity is the main contents of this area research.
Through retrieval, publication number is the Chinese invention patent of 101740157A, and the invention provides " a kind of aluminium alloy conductor and manufacture method thereof ", in aluminium alloy conductor, the weight percent of each composition consists of: aluminium 99.2% ~ 99.6%; Zirconium 0.03% ~ 0.5%; Yttrium 0.01% ~ 0.1%; Other is 0.2% ~ 0.3% years old.This aluminium alloy conductor adds trace zirconium after being melted by aluminium ingot is smelted into aluminum alloy melt together with yttrium, then forms through step manufactures such as casting and crystallization, rolling, wire drawings.This invention is by the content of the foreign matter content and alloying Addition ofelements that strictly control aluminium ingot, preparation ground aluminium alloy conductor has high conductivity and thermotolerance, meet the performance requriements of industry to aluminium alloy conductor, the shortcoming of this invention technology is: the zirconium added in boron alloy and aluminium alloy conductor reacts, and reduces the thermotolerance of alloy.Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of 102758107B, the invention provides " Heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof ", in aluminium alloy conductor, the weight percent of each composition consists of: zirconium Zr is 0.15 ~ 0.60%, lanthanum La is 0.03 ~ 0.30%, and cerium Ce is 0.03 ~ 0.30%, and yttrium Y is 0.01 ~ 0.30%, iron Fe is 0.05 ~ 0.20%, silicon Si is 0.01 ~ 0.10%, other impurity content≤0.10%, and all the other are aluminium.Smelting furnace put into by preparation starting material by this aluminium alloy conductor, intensification degasification melting, slag making, slagging-off, continuous casting and rolling become heat-resisting aluminium alloy pole stock, thermal treatment, drawing wire machine to be drawn into.The aluminium alloy conductor that this invention provides is compared with existing heat resistant aluminum alloy wire, and its performance improves, but its tensile strength is still lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve deficiency of the prior art, provides extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor.The tensile strength of this aluminium alloy conductor reaches 269.27MPa, and electric conductivity can reach 63%IACS, and heats the trial running of 2 hours at 300 DEG C, and intensity survival rate is greater than 93%.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts technical scheme to be:
Extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, elementary composition by following weight percent: Mg is 0.4 ~ 0.7%, Si be 0.35 ~ 0.65%, Cu is 0.2 ~ 0.4%, Fe is 0.1 ~ 0.3%, Zn is 0.05 ~ 0.15%, B be 0.3 ~ 0.6%, Zr is 0.01 ~ 0.1%, Y is 0.05 ~ 0.25%, Ce is 0.04 ~ 0.2%, other impurity content≤0.1%, and all the other are Al.
Preferably, elementary composition by following weight percents of this wire: Mg is 0.4 ~ 0.6%, Si be 0.35 ~ 0.55%, Cu is 0.2 ~ 0.3%, Fe is 0.1 ~ 0.2%, Zn is 0.07 ~ 0.10%, B be 0.4 ~ 0.5%, Zr is 0.02 ~ 0.07%, Y is 0.10 ~ 0.18%, Ce is 0.06 ~ 0.15%, other impurity content≤0.1%, and all the other are Al.
Present invention provides the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, comprise the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: the aluminium ingot choosing purity > 99.5%, weighs above-mentioned raw materials by proportioning, raw material is put into the thermostatic drying chamber dehumidifying 25 ~ 35min of 150 ~ 250 DEG C;
(2) melting: be placed in smelting furnace by step (1) described aluminium ingot, makes aluminium ingot be fused into aluminium liquid, is warming up to 750 ~ 770 DEG C, be transferred in holding furnace by aluminium liquid by chute;
(3) alloying: other raw materials except boron are joined in aluminium liquid, obtained aluminium alloy;
(4) borax treatment: temperature to 740 ~ 750 DEG C raising aluminium alloy, leaves standstill, and insulation 15 ~ 20min, adds boron alloy, and insulation 15 ~ 20min, carries out borax treatment;
(5) refining: step (4) aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, uses argon gas degasification 3 ~ 5min, then makes aluminium alloy flow back in stove, and 740 ~ 750 DEG C of insulation 8 ~ 12min, stir, and described aluminium alloy is filtered through screen plate;
(6) cast: the aluminium alloy that step (5) is filtered enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar;
(7) solution heat treatment: step (6) described cast bar is heated to 500 ~ 650 DEG C, insulation 0.5 ~ 2h, quenching;
(8) rolling: described cast bar is incubated 30 ~ 40min at 450 ~ 500 DEG C, hot rolling on milling train, entering to roll temperature is 420 ~ 480 DEG C, and rolling speed is 0.4 ~ 0.5m/s, is produced into Aluminum alloy pole material by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line;
(9) draw: heat-treat Aluminum alloy pole material, thermal treatment temp is 380 ~ 500 DEG C, puts into afterwards and pulls out machine drawing, be drawn into required diameter;
(10) ageing treatment: aging temp is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, aging time is 1 ~ 11h.
Preferably, in step (3), Zr, Y, Fe, Zn and Ce element is add with the form of zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, ferro-aluminium, aluminium zinc and Ce-Al alloy respectively.
Preferably, first ferro-aluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, aluminium zinc, silicon single crystal and magnesium ingot are joined in aluminium liquid in step (3), insulation 15 ~ 20min, be cooled to 690 ~ 710 DEG C, add X alloy again, insulation 15 ~ 20min, stirs 2 ~ 5min.
Preferably, step (4) described boron alloy is aluminum-boron alloy.
Preferably, step (5) described churning time is 30 ~ 55s, and the porosity of described screen plate is 75 ~ 95ppi.
Preferably, the temperature that step (6) described aluminium alloy enters continuous casting line is 750 ~ 790 DEG C, and after casting, rate of temperature fall is 30 ~ 50 DEG C/s.
Preferably, step (7) described quenching medium is water.
Preferably, in step (9) described pulling process, drawing speed is 3.5 ~ 4.5m/min.
Below alloying element of the present invention is illustrated:
Mg and Si element can form β at alloy after ageing strengthening process " strengthening phase, with the rising of aging temp or the prolongation of time, β " thick equilibrium phase Mg can be developed into mutually
2si, although the specific conductivity of alloy declines to some extent, can significantly improve tensile strength and the yield strength of wire, makes wire table reveal excellent mechanical property.
Cu adds the ag(e)ing process can improving alloy, improve the resistance toheat of material simultaneously, a small amount of Cu (<0.5%) adds the electroconductibility that can't have influence on aluminium alloy, can react with the detrimental impurity element Cr in aluminium alloy melt, Ti, Zr, V etc., making them change precipitation state into by solid solution thereof is sunken to bottom melt, thus the lattice distortion that minimizing conductor causes due to solid solution atom, reduce mutual impact effect interatomic with distorted lattice in electronic transmission process, put forward heavy alloyed specific conductivity.
Ce can reduce the quantity of solute atoms in alloy lattice, thus carries heavy alloyed conductive capability.
Zn can put forward heavy alloyed wear resistance, better protecting wire, carries heavy alloyed work-ing life.
Zr can carry heavy alloyed recrystallization temperature, creep-resistant property, simultaneously also can crystal grain thinning, suppress recrystallize and grain growth, thus put forward heavy alloyed thermotolerance.
Y and B can with the impurity element in melt, generates dystectic compound as Cr, Mn, Mo, Ti etc. combine, removing in subsequent filtration process thus improve the electroconductibility of alloy.
Below specific explanations is done to preparation process of the present invention:
Feedstock treating: aluminium ingot purity directly can have influence on the specific conductivity of wire, generally selects the purity of aluminium ingot to be greater than 99.5%;
Alloying: add different alloy elements to ensure the intensity of goods, electroconductibility and resistance toheat in aluminium liquid;
Borax treatment: boron and zirconium effectively can be avoided to react, serve grain refining effect, thus improve the thermotolerance of alloy;
Refining: aluminium liquid, from chute process, carries out before entering casting ladle filtering to remove foreign material, for eliminating defect (shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity, cold shut and cracking etc.) common in castingprocesses;
Solution heat treatment: the thick Mg that can will be formed in castingprocesses
2the precipitated phases such as Si are dissolved in matrix, and the heat treatment process subsequently forms tiny precipitated phase, is uniformly distributed in matrix, thus obtain the higher performance such as specific conductivity, intensity;
Rolling: the shape of metal, size and performance can be made to change by rolling;
Draw: rolled aluminium alloy wire rod is through drawing mould, and sectional area reduces, and length increases, thus obtains the process of the wire fabrication of desired size;
Ageing treatment: isothermal holding under higher than room temperature (150 ~ 200 DEG C) condition, promotes the atomic diffusion such as Mg, Si, and the second-phase forming fine uniform distribution can put forward heavy alloyed tensile strength, and the electroconductibility of alloy also can improve simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, aluminium alloy conductor provided by the present invention has high strength, high conductivity and high heat resistance simultaneously, run line loss energy consumption low, its tensile strength reaches 269.27MPa, electric conductivity can reach 63%IACS, and after heating 2 hours at 300 DEG C, the intensity survival rate of single line is greater than 93%, significantly reduces line loss energy consumption, be conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction, and can long-time running at 200 DEG C, current capacity significantly improves, and effectively increases wire ability to transmit electricity.
When 2, using the wire of manufacture of the present invention to carry out electric network reconstruction, do not need to strengthen shaft tower intensity and height, do not need to transform Infrastructure, can significantly reduce track remodelling cost.
In the manufacturing processed of 3, wire of the present invention, first add ferro-aluminium during Alloying Treatment and add X alloy again, avoid and first add the volatilization that X alloy causes copper; Borax treatment, avoids boron and zirconium reacts, and serves grain refining effect, thus improves the thermotolerance of alloy;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Elementary composition by following weight percents of this wire: Mg is 0.4%, Si be 0.35%, Cu be 0.2%, Fe is 0.1%, Zn is 0.07%, B be 0.4%, Zr be 0.02%, Y is 0.10%, Ce is 0.06%, other impurity content≤0.1%, and all the other are Al.
The preparation method of this wire, comprises the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: all raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, and be placed in thermostatic drying chamber the 25min that dehumidifies at 150 DEG C, the wherein purity > 99.5% of aluminium ingot;
(2) melting: be placed in by aluminium ingot in smelting furnace and be fused into aluminium liquid, is warming up to 750 DEG C by aluminium liquid, and makes aluminium liquid be transferred in holding furnace by chute;
(3) alloying: load weighted ferro-aluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, aluminium zinc, silicon single crystal and magnesium ingot are joined in aluminium liquid, insulation 15min, be cooled to 690 DEG C, add X alloy again, insulation 15min, stir 2min, wherein ferro-aluminium and X alloy can not put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferro-aluminium to be joined in aluminium liquid, if the volatilization of copper can be caused when first adding X alloy;
(4) borax treatment: the temperature to 740 DEG C raising aluminium alloy, leaves standstill, and insulation 15min, adds aluminum-boron alloy, and insulation 15min, carries out borax treatment;
(5) refining: make aluminium alloy flow into chute, uses argon gas degasification 3min, makes aluminium alloy return in stove, and 740 DEG C of insulation 8min, stir 30s, and aluminium alloy is filtered through the screen plate that porosity is 75ppi;
(6) cast: make the good aluminium alloy of filtration enter continuous casting line, cast aluminium alloy cast bar;
(7) solution heat treatment: aluminium alloy cast bar is heated to 500 DEG C, insulation 0.5h, puts into cold water and carries out quench treatment;
(8) rolling: be incubated 30min at cast bar being placed in 450 DEG C, hot rolling on milling train, entering to roll temperature is 420 DEG C, rolls speed for 0.4m/s, is produced into the Aluminum alloy pole material of Ф=10mm by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line;
(9) draw: heat-treat Aluminum alloy pole material, thermal treatment temp is 380 DEG C, puts into afterwards and pulls out machine drawing, is drawn into the aluminium bar of Ф=4mm with the speed of 3.5m/min;
(10) ageing treatment: aluminium bar is carried out artificial aging process, aging temp is 150 DEG C, and aging time is 11h; Be twisted into Heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Its tensile strength is 189.35MPa after tested, and electric conductivity is 61.58%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C heating 2 hours intensity survival rates are 93%.
Embodiment 2
Elementary composition by following weight percents of this wire: Mg is 0.5%, Si be 0.45%, Cu be 0.25%, Fe is 0.15%, Zn is 0.09%, B be 0.45%, Zr be 0.06%, Y is 0.14%, Ce is 0.11%, other impurity content≤0.1%, and all the other are Al.
The preparation method of this wire, comprises the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: all raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, and be placed in thermostatic drying chamber the 30min that dehumidifies at 200 DEG C, the wherein purity > 99.5% of aluminium ingot;
(2) melting: be placed in by aluminium ingot in smelting furnace and be fused into aluminium liquid, is warming up to 755 DEG C by aluminium liquid, and makes aluminium liquid be transferred in holding furnace by chute;
(3) alloying: load weighted ferro-aluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, aluminium zinc, silicon single crystal and magnesium ingot are joined in aluminium liquid, insulation 17min, be cooled to 700 DEG C, add X alloy again, insulation 16min, stir 5min, wherein ferro-aluminium and X alloy can not put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferro-aluminium to be joined in aluminium liquid, if the volatilization of copper can be caused when first adding X alloy;
(4) borax treatment: the temperature to 745 DEG C raising aluminium alloy, leaves standstill, and insulation 17min, adds aluminum-boron alloy, and insulation 17min, carries out borax treatment;
(5) refining: make aluminium alloy flow into chute, uses argon gas degasification 4min, makes aluminium alloy return in stove, and 745 DEG C of insulation 10min, stir 40s, and aluminium alloy is filtered through the screen plate that porosity is 85ppi;
(6) cast: make the good aluminium alloy of filtration enter continuous casting line, cast aluminium alloy cast bar;
(7) solution heat treatment: heating cast bar to 550 DEG C, insulation 1h, puts into cold water and carries out quench treatment;
(8) rolling: be incubated 35min at cast bar being placed in 470 DEG C, hot rolling on milling train, entering to roll temperature is 420 ~ 480 DEG C, and rolling speed is 0.4 ~ 0.5m/s, is produced into the Aluminum alloy pole material of Ф=10mm by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line;
(9) draw: heat-treat Aluminum alloy pole material, thermal treatment temp is 450 DEG C, puts into afterwards and pulls out machine drawing, is drawn into the aluminium bar of Ф=4mm with the speed of 4.0m/min;
(10) ageing treatment: aluminium bar is carried out artificial aging process, aging temp is 170 DEG C, and aging time is 5h; Be twisted into Heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Its tensile strength is 269.27MPa after tested, and electric conductivity is 63%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C heating 2 hours intensity survival rates are 96.5%.
Embodiment 3
Elementary composition by following weight percents of this wire: Mg is 0.6%, Si be 0.55%, Cu be 0.3%, Fe is 0.2%, Zn is 0.10%, B be 0.5%, Zr be 0.07%, Y is 0.18%, Ce is 0.15%, other impurity content≤0.1%, and all the other are Al.
The preparation method of this wire, comprises the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: all raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, and be placed in thermostatic drying chamber the 35min that dehumidifies at 250 DEG C, the wherein purity > 99.5% of aluminium ingot;
(2) melting: be placed in by aluminium ingot in smelting furnace and be fused into aluminium liquid, is warming up to 770 DEG C by aluminium liquid, and makes aluminium liquid be transferred in holding furnace by chute;
(3) alloying: load weighted ferro-aluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, aluminium zinc, silicon single crystal and magnesium ingot are joined in aluminium liquid, insulation 20min, be cooled to 710 DEG C, add X alloy again, insulation 20min, stir 3min, wherein ferro-aluminium and X alloy can not put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferro-aluminium to be joined in aluminium liquid, if the volatilization of copper can be caused when first adding X alloy;
(4) borax treatment: the temperature to 750 DEG C raising aluminium alloy, leaves standstill, and insulation 20min, adds aluminum-boron alloy, and insulation 20min, carries out borax treatment;
(5) refining: make aluminium alloy flow into chute, uses argon gas degasification 5min, makes aluminium alloy return in stove, and 750 DEG C of insulation 12min, stir 55s, and aluminium alloy is filtered through the screen plate that porosity is 95ppi;
(6) cast: make the good aluminium alloy of filtration enter continuous casting line, cast aluminium alloy cast bar;
(7) solution heat treatment: heating cast bar to 650 DEG C, insulation 2h, puts into cold water and carries out quench treatment;
(8) rolling: be incubated 40min at cast bar being placed in 500 DEG C, hot rolling on milling train, entering to roll temperature is 480 DEG C, rolls speed for 0.5m/s, is produced into the Aluminum alloy pole material of Ф=10mm by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line;
(9) draw: heat-treat Aluminum alloy pole material, thermal treatment temp is 500 DEG C, puts into afterwards and pulls out machine drawing, is drawn into the aluminium bar of Ф=4mm with the speed of 4.5m/min;
(10) ageing treatment: aluminium bar is carried out artificial aging process, aging temp is 200 DEG C, and aging time is 1h; Be twisted into Heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Its tensile strength is 215.78MPa after tested, and electric conductivity is 62.10%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C heating 2 hours intensity survival rates are 95.7%.
Embodiment 4
Elementary composition by following weight percents of this wire: Mg is 0.4%, Si be 0.35%, Cu be 0.3%, Fe is 0.2%, Zn is 0.07%, B be 0.4%, Zr be 0.02%, Y is 0.18%, Ce is 0.15%, other impurity content≤0.1%, and all the other are Al.
The preparation method of this wire, comprises the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: all raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, and be placed in thermostatic drying chamber the 26min that dehumidifies at 250 DEG C, the wherein purity > 99.5% of aluminium ingot;
(2) melting: be placed in by aluminium ingot in smelting furnace and be fused into aluminium liquid, is warming up to 755 DEG C by aluminium liquid, and makes aluminium liquid be transferred in holding furnace by chute;
(3) alloying: load weighted ferro-aluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, aluminium zinc, silicon single crystal and magnesium ingot are joined in aluminium liquid, insulation 15min, be cooled to 700 DEG C, add X alloy again, insulation 15min, stir 4min, wherein ferro-aluminium and X alloy can not put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferro-aluminium to be joined in aluminium liquid, if the volatilization of copper can be caused when first adding X alloy;
(4) borax treatment: the temperature to 740 DEG C raising aluminium alloy, leaves standstill, and insulation 20min, adds aluminum-boron alloy, and insulation 20min, carries out borax treatment;
(5) refining: make aluminium alloy flow into chute, uses argon gas degasification 3min, makes aluminium alloy return in stove, and 740 DEG C of insulation 8min, stir 50s, and aluminium alloy is filtered through the screen plate that porosity is 85ppi;
(6) cast: make the good aluminium alloy of filtration enter continuous casting line, cast aluminium alloy cast bar;
(7) solution heat treatment: heating cast bar to 500 DEG C, insulation 1h, puts into cold water and carries out quench treatment;
(8) rolling: be incubated 30min at cast bar being placed in 460 DEG C, hot rolling on milling train, entering to roll temperature is 440 DEG C, rolls speed for 0.4m/s, is produced into the Aluminum alloy pole material of Ф=10mm by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line;
(9) draw: heat-treat Aluminum alloy pole material, thermal treatment temp is 380 DEG C, puts into afterwards and pulls out machine drawing, is drawn into the aluminium bar of Ф=4mm with the speed of 3.5m/min;
(10) ageing treatment: aluminium bar is carried out artificial aging process, aging temp is 180 DEG C, and aging time is 6h; Be twisted into Heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Its tensile strength is 251.25MPa after tested, and electric conductivity is 61.58%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C heating 2 hours intensity survival rates are 95.9%.
In order to outstanding innovative point of the present invention, enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention, now enumerate the comparative example of the present invention in experimental stage, and effect explanation is carried out to itself and embodiments of the invention.
Comparative example 1
Elementary composition by following weight percents of this wire: Cu is 0.3%, Fe be 0.2%, Zn be 0.07%, B be 0.4%, Zr be 0.02%, Y be 0.18%, Ce is 0.15%, and other impurity content≤0.1%, all the other are Al.The preparation process of this wire is consistent with embodiment 4.Its tensile strength is 125.34MPa after tested, and electric conductivity is 50.69%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C heating 2 hours intensity survival rates are 78%.
Comparative example 2
Elementary composition and the embodiment 2 of this wire is identical.The preparation process of wire is not compared with embodiment 2 except having borax treatment, and other condition is all consistent with embodiment 2.Its tensile strength is 143.29MPa after tested, and electric conductivity is 42.37%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C heating 2 hours intensity survival rates are 81%.
Comparative example 3
Elementary composition and the embodiment 1 of this wire is identical.In the preparation process of wire when master alloy adds aluminium liquid, ferro-aluminium and X alloy are put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, other preparation process are all consistent with embodiment 1.Its tensile strength is 158.24MPa after tested, and electric conductivity is 49.21%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C heating 2 hours intensity survival rates are 89%.
Comparative example 1 ~ 4 and comparative example 1 ~ 3 can draw following result: 1) tensile strength of the aluminium alloy conductor of embodiment 1 ~ 4 preparation reaches 269.27MPa, electric conductivity can reach 63%IACS, and at 300 DEG C, heating the trial running of 2 hours, intensity survival rate is greater than 93%; 2) comparative example 1 is compared with embodiment 4, and lacked Mg and Si two kinds of elements in wire, its tensile strength, thermotolerance and electric conductivity significantly decline as seen; 3) comparative example 2 is compared with embodiment 2, and wire composition is identical, is only lacked borax treatment in preparation process, the boron in wire and zirconium is reacted, reduces the thermotolerance of wire; 4) comparative example 3 is compared with embodiment 1, and wire composition is identical, is only, in preparation process, ferro-aluminium and X alloy are put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, causes the volatilization of copper, thus reduces the performance such as thermotolerance and electric conductivity of wire.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, is characterized in that, this wire is elementary composition by following weight percent: Mg is 0.4 ~ 0.7%, Si is 0.35 ~ 0.65%, Cu is 0.2 ~ 0.4%, Fe be 0.1 ~ 0.3%, Zn is 0.05 ~ 0.15%, B is 0.3 ~ 0.6%, Zr is 0.01 ~ 0.1%, Y be 0.05 ~ 0.25%, Ce is 0.04 ~ 0.2%, other impurity content≤0.1%, all the other are Al.
2. extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this wire is elementary composition by following weight percent: Mg is 0.4 ~ 0.6%, Si is 0.35 ~ 0.55%, Cu is 0.2 ~ 0.3%, Fe be 0.1 ~ 0.2%, Zn is 0.07 ~ 0.10%, B is 0.4 ~ 0.5%, Zr is 0.02 ~ 0.07%, Y be 0.10 ~ 0.18%, Ce is 0.06 ~ 0.15%, other impurity content≤0.1%, all the other are Al.
3. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: the aluminium ingot choosing purity > 99.5%, weighs above-mentioned raw materials by proportioning, raw material is put into the thermostatic drying chamber dehumidifying 25 ~ 35min of 150 ~ 250 DEG C;
(2) melting: be placed in smelting furnace by step (1) described aluminium ingot, makes aluminium ingot be fused into aluminium liquid, is warming up to 750 ~ 770 DEG C, be transferred in holding furnace by aluminium liquid by chute;
(3) alloying: other raw materials except boron are joined in aluminium liquid, obtained aluminium alloy;
(4) borax treatment: temperature to 740 ~ 750 DEG C raising aluminium alloy, leaves standstill, and insulation 15 ~ 20min, adds boron alloy, and insulation 15 ~ 20min, carries out borax treatment;
(5) refining: step (4) aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, uses argon gas degasification 3 ~ 5min, then makes aluminium alloy flow back in stove, and 740 ~ 750 DEG C of insulation 8 ~ 12min, stir, and described aluminium alloy is filtered through screen plate;
(6) cast: the aluminium alloy that step (5) is filtered enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar;
(7) solution heat treatment: step (6) described cast bar is heated to 500 ~ 650 DEG C, insulation 0.5 ~ 2h, quenching;
(8) rolling: described cast bar is incubated 30 ~ 40min at 450 ~ 500 DEG C, hot rolling on milling train, entering to roll temperature is 420 ~ 480 DEG C, and rolling speed is 0.4 ~ 0.5m/s, is produced into Aluminum alloy pole material by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line;
(9) draw: heat-treat Aluminum alloy pole material, thermal treatment temp is 380 ~ 500 DEG C, puts into afterwards and pulls out machine drawing, be drawn into required diameter;
(10) ageing treatment: aging temp is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, aging time is 1 ~ 11h.
4. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (3), Zr, Y, Fe, Zn and Ce element is add with the form of zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, ferro-aluminium, aluminium zinc and Ce-Al alloy respectively.
5. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: first ferro-aluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, aluminium zinc, silicon single crystal and magnesium ingot are joined in aluminium liquid in step (3), insulation 15 ~ 20min, be cooled to 690 ~ 710 DEG C, add X alloy again, insulation 15 ~ 20min, stirs 2 ~ 5min.
6. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: step (4) described boron alloy is aluminum-boron alloy.
7. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: step (5) described churning time is 30 ~ 55s, the porosity of described screen plate is 75 ~ 95ppi.
8. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the temperature that step (6) described aluminium alloy enters continuous casting line is 750 ~ 790 DEG C, and after casting, rate of temperature fall is 30 ~ 50 DEG C/s.
9. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: step (7) described quenching medium is water.
10. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (9) described pulling process, drawing speed is 3.5 ~ 4.5m/min.
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