CN105420149B - Bacillus M29 with wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function and its application - Google Patents

Bacillus M29 with wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function and its application Download PDF

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CN105420149B
CN105420149B CN201510888418.5A CN201510888418A CN105420149B CN 105420149 B CN105420149 B CN 105420149B CN 201510888418 A CN201510888418 A CN 201510888418A CN 105420149 B CN105420149 B CN 105420149B
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bacterium
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fusarium oxysporum
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李辉信
穆静娟
焦加国
胡锋
葛新成
李�根
虞丽
金辰
武俊
刘春亮
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Nanjing Agricultural University
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    • C12R2001/125—Bacillus subtilis ; Hay bacillus; Grass bacillus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A23B7/155—Microorganisms; Enzymes; Antibiotics

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Abstract

The bacillus M29 that there is wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function the invention discloses one plant and its application.The bacillus M29 is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, and deposit number is CGMCC NO.11557, and the deposit date is on October 29th, 2015.Meanwhile the volatile materials that generates of the bacterium also can the disease fungus such as effectively antagonistic Trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, cucumber are withered, cotton is withered, muskmelon is withered, strawberry root-rot, peach ulcer, big beautiful wheel branch, rice banded sclerotial blight.The bacterial strain production volatilization property can not contact inhibition fungi, have important application value in fruit and vegetable preservation field.Its with easy to maintain, can mass production, the advantages that preventive effect is good, and environmental safety is good, there is good commercial application prospect.

Description

Bacillus M29 with wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function and its application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microorganism, the bacillus with wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function is related in particular to M29 and its application.
Background technology
The biological control of plant disease refer to by one or more biologies in addition to people come reduce pathogen quantity or The pathogenic vigor for weakening cause of disease, to reduce the generation of disease caused by pathogen.There is abundant beneficial microbe in wormcast, It being capable of effective antagonism soil-borne disease fungal pathogens.It is reported that antagonistic microbe can pass through antibiosis with pathogen, Competition, again Parasitization and induction plant generation system resistance etc. mechanism inhibit pathogen, achieve the purpose that controlling plant diseases.In addition, Antagonistic microbe is environmentally safe, and environmental pollution and the murder by poisoning to people and animals, while antagonism will not be caused as chemical pesticide Microorganism is not easy that pathogen is made to generate drug resistance, some also have the function of promoting plant growth, and actual production is simple for process, Therefore just increasingly paid attention to by domestic and international scientific research institution using the research of antagonistic microbe controlling disease.Currently, people are Through being separated to a variety of antagonistic microbes for having different degrees of control effect to various different plant diseases, some of which oneself through entering Practical stage produces comparable social benefit and environmental benefit.
Microorganism can generate a series of life that small molecule volatile compounds inhibit phytopathogen in growth course It is long.It is reported that these compounds mainly have aldehydes, ketone, alcohols and sulfide etc..That has reported at present can generate volatility The microorganism of substance mainly has bacillus, Pseudomonas alba, streptomycete etc..These volatile materials can not only inhibit plant The growth of pathogen, some also have induction of resistance and somatotrophic effect.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is the above-mentioned deficiency for the prior art, provide with wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function Bacillus M29.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the applications of the bacillus.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide the applications for the volatile materials that the bacillus generates.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
One plant of bacillus M29 with wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function, is preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation Administration committee's common micro-organisms center, deposit number are CGMCC NO.11557, and the deposit date is on October 29th, 2015.
For the bacillus M29 bacterium colonies on LB tablets, Initial stage of culture bacterium colony is full transparent, accumulates a large amount of mucus, securely Ground is attached on culture medium, and late stage of culture is in decomposite leaf shape, and edge is hairy, and bacterium colony is in the massif shape that fold has been built after culture 3d. Nearly middle raw ellipticity gemma can be generated, sporangiocyst slightly expands, and cellular morphology and arrangement are in rod-shaped, Dan Sheng, and no pod membrane is movable.
The physio-biochemical characteristics of the bacillus M29 are：Gram-positive, stringent aerobic, chemoheterotrophy, M.R experiments Feminine gender, the VP experiment positives, Starch Hydrolysis is positive, and gelatin hydrolysis is negative, and citrate utilizes positive, the nitrate reduction positive.
The main nitrogen used when bacillus M29 of the present invention culture include but not limited to peptone, yeast powder, Potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, alanine；The primary carbon source used include but not limited to sucrose, xylose, mannitol, Maltose, lactose, fructose, glucose；The inorganic component used includes but not limited to potassium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphorus Sour hydrogen dipotassium, tricalcium phosphate, calcium chloride dihydrate, bitter salt, seven water and ferrous sulfate.The Antagonistic Fungi fermentation of the present invention can At 25~37 DEG C, pH4~10, sodium chloride concentration carries out in the environment of 1%-10%.
The bacillus M29 is preparing antagonism grey mold, trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, cucumber Fusarium oxysporum, cotton wilt fusarium, sweet tea Melon Fusarium oxysporum, strawberry root-rot bacterium, peach ulcer bacteria, verticillium dahliae and/or Rhizoctonia solani biocontrol agent in application.
The volatile materials that the bacillus M29 is generated is withered in antagonistic Trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, cucumber Fusarium oxysporum, cotton The application withered in bacterium, muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum, strawberry root-rot bacterium, peach ulcer bacteria, verticillium dahliae and/or Rhizoctonia solani.
Application of the volatile materials that the bacillus M29 is generated in preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing.
Advantageous effect：
The present invention provides one plant to can effectively antagonism grey mold, trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, cucumber Fusarium oxysporum, cotton wilt fusarium, A variety of pathogens such as muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum, strawberry root-rot bacterium, peach ulcer bacteria, verticillium dahliae, Rhizoctonia solani.What the bacterium generated waves Volatile material also can effectively antagonistic Trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, cucumber be withered, cotton is withered, muskmelon is withered, strawberry root-rot, peach ulcer, big The disease fungus such as beautiful wheel branch, rice banded sclerotial blight.The bacterial strain production volatilization property can not contact inhibition fungi, in fruit and vegetable preservation field There is important application value.Its with easy to maintain, can mass production, the advantages that preventive effect is good, and environmental safety is good, have good Commercial application prospect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 M29 microscope ocular 10 ×, oil mirror 100 × under form
Antagonistic effect of Fig. 2 M29 bacterial strains to grey mold.
The antagonistic effect that Fig. 3 M29 bacterial strains wither to cucumber.
Antagonistic effect of Fig. 4 M29 bacterial strains to strawberry root-rot.
The antagonistic effect that Fig. 5 M29 bacterial strains wither to cotton.
Antagonistic effect of Fig. 6 M29 bacterial strains to peach ulcer.
Antagonistic effect of Fig. 7 M29 bacterial strains to big beautiful wheel branch.
Antagonistic effect of Fig. 8 M29 bacterial strains to trichoderma.
The antagonistic effect that Fig. 9 M29 bacterial strains wither to muskmelon.
Antagonistic effect of Figure 10 M29 bacterial strains to aspergillus fumigatus.
Antagonistic effect of Figure 11 M29 bacterial strains to rice banded sclerotial blight.
Figure 12 M29 bacterial strains produce the antagonistic effect that volatile materials withers to cucumber.
Figure 13 M29 bacterial strains produce antagonistic effect of the volatile materials to strawberry root-rot.
Figure 14 M29 bacterial strains produce the antagonistic effect that volatile materials withers to cotton.
Figure 15 M29 bacterial strains produce antagonistic effect of the volatile materials to peach ulcer.
Figure 16 M29 bacterial strains produce antagonistic effect of the volatile materials to big beautiful wheel branch.
Figure 17 M29 bacterial strains produce antagonistic effect of the volatile materials to trichoderma.
Figure 18 M29 bacterial strains produce the antagonistic effect that volatile materials withers to muskmelon.
Figure 19 M29 bacterial strains produce antagonistic effect of the volatile materials to aspergillus fumigatus.
(note：Aspergillus fumigatus is also easy to produce spore, and control the inside initial experiment condition is consistent with experimental group, is generated referring now to group A large amount of spores, and experimental group is obviously suppressed.Illustrate that bacterial strain production volatile materials of the present invention is bright to aspergillus fumigatus inhibiting effect It is aobvious.)
Figure 20 M29 bacterial strains produce antagonistic effect of the volatile materials to rice banded sclerotial blight.
Biomaterial preservation information
M29, Classification And Nomenclature are bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis, are preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation Administration committee's common micro-organisms center, preservation address are the micro- life of the Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3 Chinese Academy of Sciences Object research institute, deposit number are CGMCC NO.11557, and the deposit date is on October 29th, 2015.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
The bacterial strain is screened from the wormcast on Nanjing Jiangpu hot spring farm and is obtained.
Prepare following three kinds of culture mediums first.
LB solid mediums：Peptone 10g, yeast powder 5g, sodium chloride 10g, agar 30g, distilled water 1000ml, pH 7.0-7.2,121 DEG C of sterilizings, 20min.
LB liquid medium：It is not added with agar, other conditions are same as above.
PDA culture medium：Glucose 20.0g, agar 20.0g, dehydrated potato powder 6.0g, distilled water 1000ml, pH5.4-5.8, 115 DEG C of sterilizings, 30mine.
YPD culture mediums：Glucose 20g, peptone 20g, yeast powder 10g, agar 30g, distilled water 1000ml, pH 7.0- 7.2,115 DEG C of sterilizings, 30mine.
Wormcast is weighed l0g to be placed in the triangular flask for the 250ml for filling 100ml aqua sterilisas, in shaking table, 30 DEG C, 150r·min-120min is vibrated, 10min is stood, obtains suspension.Contain several bacterium in the suspension, using gradient dilution LB culture mediums are applied to after method dilution, tablet is inverted, in 30 DEG C, after being cultivated for 24 hours in insulating box, picking different type is typical single Bacterium colony, after purification through tablet, 4 DEG C to be stored in the inclined-planes LB for use.
Pass through the antagonism of the tablet face-off experimental verification bacterium again below.
Primary dcreening operation：Respectively by trichoderma, grey mold, aspergillus fumigatus, verticillium dahliae, cotton wilt fusarium, muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum, peach ulcer Bacterium, switching is central in PDA plate after the mould root-rot bacterium of grass is punched with card punch, and cucumber Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani is beaten with card punch In YPD culture medium centrals, the bacterium picking single bacterium drop point after then isolating and purifying is connected on the quadrangle of fungi, is placed in for switching behind hole 30 DEG C of incubator cultures, grey mold are placed in 25 DEG C of incubators, cultivate 3-5d, the good bacterium of effect is selected according to fungistatic effect.
Secondary screening：The good bacterium of effect that primary dcreening operation is obtained repeats according to above-mentioned experimental method, has filtered out one plant to ten kinds Fungal pathogens have antagonism and bacterial strain (Fig. 2~Figure 11) with obvious effects；M29 pairs of the bacterial strain screened as seen from the figure Disease fungus has strong inhibiting effect, not only inhibits the growth of mycelia, also inhibits the growth of sclerotium.
As shown in Figure 1, the bacterial strain oil mirror 100 ×, eyepiece 10 × microscopic conditions under morphological feature.
The above method is screened to the bacterial strain isolated, is sequenced through Nanjing Si Pujin profession sequencing companies, according to 16SrDNA's Sequencing result, in http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov online queries analyze, using Blast softwares in GenBank with Other 16S rDNA sequences carry out tetraploid rice, determine that it is bacillus, then pass through Biolog results and physiology Biochemical character is determined as bacillus subtilis.The bacterial strain is delivered into China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms Center preservation, deposit number are CGMCC NO.11557, and the deposit date is on October 29th, 2015.
The bacterium is Gram-positive, and stringent aerobic, chemoheterotrophy, M.R negatives, VP experiments are positive, Starch Hydrolysis sun Property, gelatin hydrolysis is negative, and citrate has wide spectrum and apparent antibiotic property using positive, the nitrate reduction positive.
Embodiment 2
Aerobic is tested
Sterilized LB culture mediums are poured into 3 sterilized test tubes, about at 2/3, on aseptic operating platform, are used The bacterium of transfer needle picking inclined-plane culture (must be punctured to tube bottom) in percutaneous puncture-inoculation to above-mentioned culture medium.30 DEG C of cultures, point Result was not observed at 3 days to 7 days.The raw elder preferably oxygen bacterium on agar column surface, such as along puncture line give birth to elder for anaerobic bacteria or Facultative anaerobic bacteria.Test result shows, and bacterium colony is grown along agar column surface, sterile length of being born in puncture line, is stringent aerobic.
The measurement of catalase
The 1 drop 3%H of drop on clean slide2O2, 18 are taken~1 ring of LB slant cultures for 24 hours, in H2O2Middle smearing, if It is the positive to have bubble to generate then, is otherwise feminine gender.Test result is contact enzyme positive.
Methyl red test (M.R experiments)
A. culture medium and reagent：Peptone 5g, glucose 5g, sodium chloride 5g, distilled water 1000mL, adjusting pH7.0~ 7.2, test tube is dispensed, often pipe fills 4~5mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.Reagent：Methyl red 0.1g, 95% alcohol 300mL, distilled water 200mL。
B. Spawn incubation and result observe inoculating strain in above-mentioned culture solution, 30 DEG C of culture l~2 day.In culture solution A few drop methyl red reagents are added, are that methyl red is positive if red is presented in culture solution, yellow is negative (methyl red color change interval 4.4 Red~6.0 yellow).
Test result is M.R negative.
Second phthalein carbinol methine tests (VP experiments)
A. the same methyl red test of medium culture base.
B. Spawn incubation and result observation inoculation and the same methyl red test of culture.When doing VP experiments, culture solution (about 2mL) is taken It is mixed with the 40%NaOH of equivalent, adds a small amount of creatine, after fully vibrating 2~5min, as red, as VP sun occurs in culture solution Property.
Test result is VP positive.
Starch Hydrolysis is tested
A. culture medium and reagent add 0.2% soluble starch in meat soup peptone agar, dispense triangular flask, and 121 DEG C sterilizing 20min it is spare.Road Ge Shi iodine solutions：Crystalline flake of iodine 1g, potassium iodide 2g first use a small amount of (3~5mL) to distill water dissolution potassium iodide, The crystalline flake of iodine is now added, after iodine is completely dissolved, is diluted with water to 300mL.
B. Spawn incubation and result observation take strain point to be connected on tablet, and 30 DEG C are cultivated 2~4 days, after forming bacterium colony, flat Road Ge Shi iodine solutions are added dropwise on plate, are degree to be paved with periphery of bacterial colonies, tablet is in blue, and periphery of bacterial colonies is irised out if any water white transparency It is existing, illustrate that starch has been hydrolyzed.The size of the size general remark hydrolysis starch ability of transparent circle.
Test result is that Starch Hydrolysis is positive.
Gelatin hydrolysis is tested
A. culture medium and reagent peptone 5g, gelatin 120g, distilled water 1000mL.PH7.2~7.4 are adjusted, test tube is dispensed, Culture medium height is about 4~5cm, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
B. Spawn incubation and result observation are seeded in test tube center with puncture method.It cultivates one month, sees in 30 DEG C of incubators Examine whether gelatin liquefies.
Test result is that gelatin hydrolysis is negative.
Nitrate reduction test
A. culture medium and reagent peptone 10g, KNO31g, distilled water 1000mL, pH7.0~7.4.Ge Lisishi (Gries) reagent：A liquid：P-aminobenzene sulfonic acid 0.5g, spirit of vinegar (10% or so) 150mL；B liquid：Cai amine 0.1g, distilled water 20mL, spirit of vinegar (10% or so) 150mL.Diphenylamines reagent：Diphenylamines 0.5g is dissolved in the l00mL concentrated sulfuric acids, is distilled with 20mL Water dilutes.
B. test organisms is inoculated in nitrate fluid nutrient medium by Spawn incubation and result observation, and 30 DEG C are cultivated 1,3,5 day. A little culture solution is poured into white porcelain dish aperture, then drop 1 drips reagent A and B liquid respectively wherein, when culture solution becomes pink Whens color, rose, orange or brown etc., nitrite presence is indicated, be that nitrate reduction is positive, be otherwise feminine gender.
Test result is that nitrate reduction is positive.
The utilization of citrate
A. culture medium and reagents citric acid sodium 2g, NaCl 5g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2g, (NH4)2·HPO41g, 1% Australia Thymol blue aqueous solution 10mL, agar 20g, 1000mL, pH6.8-7.0,121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min of distilled water.
B. Spawn incubation and result observation take young age strain to be inoculated on inclined-plane, and 30 DEG C are cultivated 3-7 days, and culture medium is in alkalinity (blue) person is positive reaction, and constant person is then feminine gender.
The test result that citrate utilizes is the positive.
Embodiment 3
It is buckled to the growth that experimental verification bacterial strain production volatile materials inhibits disease fungus by tablet.
By the scribing line of M29 bacterial strains on LB culture mediums, another side is with diameter 0.6mm card punch by trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, peach ulcer The disease fungus punchings such as bacterium, cotton wilt fusarium, muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum, verticillium dahliae, the mould root-rot bacterium of grass are connected in PDA culture medium, The disease fungus such as cucumber Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani are connected on YPD culture mediums, then buckle two flat-plate inverteds to come, with sealing Film seals, meanwhile, control group is set, only connects disease fungus, does not connect bacterium.It is placed in 30 DEG C of incubators and cultivates 3-5d.As a result table Bright, the volatile materials that bacterial strain of the present invention generates has disease fungus strong inhibiting effect, not only inhibits the growth of mycelia, also Inhibit the growth of sclerotium.Concrete outcome is shown in Figure 12-20.
The above is only the basic embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. one plant of bacillus M29 with wide spectrum antagonism soil-borne pathogen function, is preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation pipe Reason committee common micro-organisms center, deposit number are CGMCC NO.11557, and the deposit date is on October 29th, 2015.
2. bacillus M29 described in claim 1 is to prepare antagonism grey mold, trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, cucumber Fusarium oxysporum, cotton withered It withers answering in the biocontrol agent of bacterium, muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum, strawberry root-rot bacterium, peach ulcer bacteria, verticillium dahliae and/or Rhizoctonia solani With.
3. applications of the bacillus M29 described in claim 1 in preparing freshness preserving agent for fruit and vegetable.
4. the volatile materials that bacillus M29 described in claim 1 is generated antagonistic Trichoderma, aspergillus fumigatus, cucumber Fusarium oxysporum, Application in cotton wilt fusarium, muskmelon Fusarium oxysporum, strawberry root-rot bacterium, peach ulcer bacteria, verticillium dahliae and/or Rhizoctonia solani.
5. application of the volatile materials that bacillus M29 described in claim 1 is generated in preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing.
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CN110343641A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-18 新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所（中国新疆-亚美尼亚生物工程研究开发中心） A kind of salt bacillus SYW-1 and the application in cotton verticillium wilt prevention and treatment
CN110343641B (en) * 2019-07-26 2020-12-04 新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所（中国新疆-亚美尼亚生物工程研究开发中心） Bacillus salinus SYW-1 and application thereof in prevention and treatment of cotton verticillium wilt

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