CN105403530A - Gas concentration detection apparatus and method thereof - Google Patents
Gas concentration detection apparatus and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas concentration detection apparatus and a method thereof. The apparatus comprises: a light source used for emitting infrared lights; a first optical element positioned at the light emitting side of the light source and used for reducing the divergence angle of the infrared lights; an infrared cell positioned at the light emitting side of the first optical element, wherein the inside of the infrared cell is full of a gas to be detected, and the infrared cell is used for absorbing lights with a preset wavelength in the infrared lights; a light filter positioned at the light emitting side of the infrared cell and used for absorbing lights with the wavelengths not equal to the preset wavelength in the infrared lights; and a detector positioned at the light emitting side of the light filter and used for detecting the quantity of infrared lights with the wavelength equal to the preset wavelength in the remaining infrared lights and calculating the concentration of the gas to be detected according to the light quantity. The divergence angle of the infrared lights are reduced, and an inner wall is coated with a light absorbing material, so diffuse reflection of the infrared lights on the inner wall of the infrared cell does not appear before being received by the detector, and influences of change of the reflectivity of the inner wall of the infrared cell are reduced and even avoided, thereby the gas concentration detection accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Gas Thickness Detecting Technology field, be specifically related to a kind of gas concentration detection apparatus and method.
Background technology
Now, utilize non-disperse infrared spectrum technology, i.e. infrared absorption method, the detection to gas concentration can be realized.
Because according to lambert-Beer law, the monochromatic degree of gas absorption, namely absorbance A is directly proportional to the concentration c of this gas, and mathematic(al) representation is:
Wherein, A is absorbance; I
0for incident intensity; I be by gas to be detected after transmitted intensity; A is absorption coefficient; B is the length of air chamber, is constant; C is the concentration of gas.
The infrared gas detection device theory diagram of prior art as shown in Figure 1, structural representation as shown in Figure 2, comprise: infrared light supply 1, infrared pond 2, optical filter 3, detecting device 4, first optical window 5, second optical window 6, air intake opening 7 and gas outlet 8, wherein infrared pond 2 inwall is gold-plated, and inside is filled with gas to be detected.When the infrared light that infrared light supply 1 sends is by infrared pond 2, part energy by the gas molecule in gas as SO
2, CO
2, NO, NO
2, CH
4deng absorption, the intensity of light can weaken to some extent, because gas molecule only absorbs the infrared light of specific wavelength, do not gone out by the light quantity transmission of gas molecules sorb, inject filter plate 3, after filter plate 3 sponges the light quantity beyond specific wavelength, remaining amount of infrared light is sent into detecting device 4, the change of the power of the infrared light light quantity according to specific wavelength is converted to electric signal by detecting device 4, calculate the absorbance of gas to be detected, because the absorbance of gas to be detected is directly proportional to the concentration of this gas, as long as measure the concentration that absorbance just can determine gas to be detected.
As shown in Figure 3, the Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) detector of another embodiment of prior art, comprising: infrared light supply 1, plated film air chamber 2, infrared sensor 3, sensor TT&C system 4.Because infrared light supply 1 is non-laser light source, its angle of divergence is general all larger, the signal intensity of the through infrared sensor 3 of energy is less, and after the reflective membrane multiple reflections of plated film air chamber 2, the signal of sufficient intensity just can must be had to arrive infrared sensor 3, plated film air chamber 2 is typical diffuse reflectance infrared ponds.
Device shown in Fig. 3, needs to plate reflective membrane in air chamber, is generally gold-plated, reach the effect to infrared light high reverse--bias, arrive detecting device smoothly to enable infrared light.Air chamber inwall, once be subject to particle attachment pollution, will cause reflectivity reduction, detector signal decline.
As shown in Figure 4, the infrared gas detector of another embodiment of prior art, comprise: infrared light supply 1, reflecting body 2, syncmotor 3, chopper 4, sample air chamber 5, front absorption chamber 6, rear absorption chamber 7, kapillary 8, semiconductor transducer 9, optical filter 10, its mid-infrared light source 1 is heating filament.Because infrared light supply 1 is heating filament, the light sent is dispersed very much, and sample air chamber 5 and front absorption chamber 6 all need to plate reflective membrane, such that infrared ray can uniform intensity be consistent everywhere in front absorption chamber 6.
Device shown in Fig. 4, also needs to plate reflective membrane in air chamber, the light path of infrared light is increased, and then causes air pressure change.Air chamber inwall, once be polluted, will cause signal to decline.
Visible, the air chamber holding gas to be detected in prior art is the infrared pond of scattered reflection type, because the preset wavelength of each gas absorption is many at 1.5 μm ~ 15 mu m wavebands, belong to mid and far infrared wave band, the laser instrument kind of this wave band is few and expensive, and conventional light source is all the thermal light source that dispersion angle is larger, the infrared ray of generation, through to the gold-plated infrared pond multiple reflections of the inwall of infrared light high reflectance, finally arrives detecting device.Because gas to be detected is as SO
2, CO
2, NO, NO
2, CH
4deng, generally produced by the burning of fuels such as coal charcoal or oil, burning generates or produces many kinds of solids particle, though device is still difficult to remove completely after filtration, time one length then can be attached to Gold plated Layer surface, accumulate in time, the part infrared ray be mapped on inwall can be absorbed, reflectivity is declined, show as the signal intensity that instrument detecting device receives to decline gradually, namely produce signal drift, now detect gas concentration with the gas concentration detection apparatus of prior art again, degree of accuracy is not high.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, how to reduce the impact even avoided by the change of infrared pond inwall reflectivity, improves the degree of accuracy that gas concentration detects.
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of gas concentration detection apparatus, comprising:
Light source, for sending infrared light;
First optical element, is positioned at the light emission side of described light source, for reducing the angle of divergence of infrared light;
Infrared pond, be positioned at the light emission side of described first optical element, inside is full of gas to be detected, equals the light of preset wavelength for absorbing infrared light medium wavelength;
Optical filter, being positioned at the light emission side in described infrared pond, being not equal to the light of preset wavelength for absorbing infrared light medium wavelength;
Detecting device, is positioned at the light emission side of described optical filter, equals the infrared light light quantity of preset wavelength, and calculate the concentration of gas to be detected according to described light quantity for detecting remaining infrared light medium wavelength.
Preferably, described device also comprises:
Second optical element, is arranged between described infrared pond and optical filter, for converging the infrared light in the described infrared pond of injection.
Preferably, described infrared pond inwall is coated with extinction material, is irradiated to infrared light on inwall and external environment condition incides light in described infrared pond for absorbing.
Preferably, the first optical element reduces the angle of divergence of described infrared light, is tending towards parallel to make the light beam of described infrared light.
Preferably, described first optical element comprises one or more plano-convex lens lens or Fresnel Lenses.
Preferably, described second optical element comprises one or more prefocus cups or optically focused cone.
Preferably, described infrared pond is provided with air intake opening, for importing gas to be detected; Gas outlet, for deriving gas to be detected.
Preferably, described infrared pond is also provided with the first optical window, injects the infrared light in described infrared pond for transmission; Second optical window, for being transmitted through the infrared light after gas to be detected.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of gas concentration detection method based on said apparatus, comprising:
S1, reduce the emission angle of the infrared light that light source sends, be tending towards parallel to make the light beam of described infrared light;
Described in S2, gas absorption to be detected, infrared light medium wavelength equals the light of preset wavelength;
S3, filter plate absorb the light that described infrared light medium wavelength is not equal to preset wavelength;
S4, detect the infrared light light quantity that remaining infrared light medium wavelength equals preset wavelength, and calculate the concentration of gas to be detected according to described light quantity.
Preferably, also comprised before described step S3:
Converge by the infrared light after gas to be detected, strengthen to make described infrared light light signal strength.
According to technique scheme, by reducing the angle of divergence of infrared light, not in the inwall generation diffuse reflection of infrared pond before making infrared light be received by detecting device, compared to existing technology, reduce the impact even avoided by the change of infrared pond inwall reflectivity, relatively improve the degree of accuracy that gas concentration detects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
A kind of infrared gas detection device theory diagram that Fig. 1 provides for background technology of the present invention;
A kind of infrared gas detection device structural representation that Fig. 2 provides for background technology of the present invention;
A kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) detector structural representation that Fig. 3 provides for background technology of the present invention;
A kind of infrared gas detector structural representation that Fig. 4 provides for background technology of the present invention;
A kind of gas concentration detection apparatus theory diagram that Fig. 5 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
A kind of gas concentration detection apparatus theory diagram that Fig. 6 provides for another embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of gas concentration detection apparatus structural representation that Fig. 7 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
A kind of gas concentration detection apparatus structural representation that Fig. 8 provides for another embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of gas concentration detection apparatus structural representation that Fig. 9 provides for another embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of gas concentration detection method schematic flow sheet that Figure 10 provides for one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to more clearly understand above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the feature in the embodiment of the application and embodiment can combine mutually.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention; but; the present invention can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention gas concentration detection apparatus, comprising:
Light source 10, for sending infrared light;
First optical element 11, is positioned at the light emission side of light source 10, for reducing the angle of divergence of infrared light;
Infrared pond 12, be positioned at the light emission side of the first optical element 11, inside is full of gas to be detected, equals the light of preset wavelength for absorbing infrared light medium wavelength;
Optical filter 13, being positioned at the light emission side in infrared pond 12, being not equal to the light of preset wavelength for absorbing infrared light medium wavelength;
Detecting device 14, is positioned at the light emission side of optical filter 13, equals the infrared light light quantity of preset wavelength, and calculate the concentration of gas to be detected according to described light quantity for detecting remaining infrared light medium wavelength.
Selectively, light source 10 comprises: heat filament or MEMS (Micro-Electro-MechanicalSystem, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system)) electrical modulation infrared light supply.
Because heat filament and MEMS electrical modulation infrared light supply are not LASER Light Source, so the infrared light sent has certain angle of divergence, generally be greater than 30 °, after detector distance light source certain distance, the light signal that can receive is very weak, as detector distance light source 20mm time signal value be 100%, signal intensity along with distance increase and decline, 4.8% is dropped to when dropping to 39%, 80mm when distance 40mm.Be detected by the detector enough intensity can also be had after certain distance in order to light can be made, the infrared beam that sent by light source by increase by first optical element of a kind of gas concentration detection apparatus that the present invention proposes carries out shaping, reduces, makes that light beam is as far as possible parallel injects infrared pond by beam divergence angle.
Selectively, detecting device 14 comprises: pyroelectric infrared sensor or microphony electric capacity.Wherein, pyroelectric infrared sensor utilizes infrared light to the thermal effect of material, and infrared light is converted into electric signal, and the sensitive volume size of such detecting device is limited, is limited to manufacturing process, is generally about 5mm × 5mm; Microphony electric capacity by the to be detected gas pressure change of impression after infrared heating, and determines gas concentration to be detected.
According to technique scheme, by reducing the angle of divergence of infrared light, not in the inwall generation diffuse reflection of infrared pond before making infrared light be received by detecting device, compared to existing technology, the impact even avoided by the change of infrared pond inwall reflectivity can be reduced, relatively improve the degree of accuracy that gas concentration detects.
In addition, in the prior art adopting traditional diffuse reflectance infrared pond, if normally work every day 8 hours, can decline with the speed about 8% ~ 10%/moon through the unrestrained infrared ray signal value benchmark launched, because benchmark is in change, so need to demarcate accuracy of detection with the gas to be detected of normal concentration continually, simultaneously when infrared pond wall polluting is fairly obvious, also need to carry out changing or cleaning, thus also need again to demarcate.Compared to existing technology, because the present invention can reduce the signal drift even avoided because of caused by the change of infrared pond inwall reflectivity, signal is stablized in long-time, and need not frequently demarcate, save manpower and materials.
As shown in Figure 6, preferably, described device also comprises:
Second optical element 15, is arranged between infrared pond 12 and optical filter 13, for converging the infrared light in the infrared pond 12 of injection.
Why the present invention will use the second optical element, because light beam is after the first optical element, the infrared light be equivalent to light source sends expands, the less parallel of light beam is brought while expanding, light beam after expanding is by after the gas to be detected in infrared pond, its beam radius is larger, general between 6mm ~ 12mm, this means that the luminous energy in unit area can be less than conventional method, if now direct detecting device receives infrared signal, signal intensity does not likely reach the detection threshold of detecting device, the second optical element is now used to converge light, enter detecting device again, the front and back that detecting device can be made in infrared pond to be filled with gas to be detected detect the change in optical signal of sufficient intensity.
Selectively, first optical element 11 and/or the second optical element 15, the outside in infrared pond 12 can be arranged on, also can after plated surface one deck of the first optical element 11 and/or the second optical element 15 prevents the film of gas attack to be detected and solid particle attachment, be arranged in infrared pond 12, wherein the first optical element 11 is positioned at the light emission side of infrared light supply, and the second optical element 12 is positioned at the light emission side of the infrared light after by gas to be detected.
As shown in Figure 7, the first optical element 11 and/or the second optical element 15, is arranged on the outside in infrared pond 12, can ensure the first optical element 11 and/or the second optical element 15 not by the pollution of solid particle subsidiary in gas to be detected in infrared pond 12.
First optical element 11 and/or the second optical element 15, is arranged in infrared pond 12, can improves the integrated level of gas-detecting device provided by the invention, can also save optical element simultaneously.Such as the first optical element 11 and/or the second optical element 15, be not arranged in infrared pond 12, so be positioned at the light emission side of infrared light supply, and all optical window will be set respectively by the light emission side of the infrared light after gas to be detected, to ensure that infrared pond 12 can be injected and penetrate to infrared light smoothly.
Preferably, infrared pond 12 inwall is coated with extinction material, is irradiated to infrared light on inwall and external environment condition incides light in infrared pond 12 for absorbing.
Infrared pond inwall coating extinction material, mainly in order to reduce the unrestrained transmitting of infrared light through inwall, reduce due to inwall reflectivity change, the light intensity causing detecting device to receive changes, so that affects the testing result of final gas concentration.Simultaneously, be understandable that, because the extinction amount of extinction material to the light of preset wavelength in infrared light is known, therefore after detecting device calculates the light summation of the preset wavelength be predominantly absorbed, deduct the light quantity of the preset wavelength absorbed by extinction material, be easy to the light quantity of the preset wavelength accurately drawing gas absorption to be detected.
In addition, infrared pond inwall coating extinction material, absorbs the light that external environment condition incides infrared pond, and can reduce the impact of pick-up unit by external environment condition, application place is wider.
Preferably, the first optical element 11 reduces the angle of divergence of infrared light, is tending towards parallel to make the light beam of infrared light.
It should be noted that, by the function of the first optical element, the light beam of infrared light be there occurs and be tending towards parallel change, instead of approximate parallel.
Infrared light becomes parallel beam after the first optical element repeatedly adjusts, after can ensureing that infrared light incides infrared pond, be not irradiated on the inwall of infrared pond as much as possible, directly by penetrating after gas to be detected, the light energy losses of infrared light can be reduced, meanwhile, compared to existing technology, the impact by the change of infrared pond inwall reflectivity can also be avoided.
Preferably, the first optical element 11 comprises one or more plano-convex lens lens or Fresnel Lenses.
Be understandable that, by adjusting quantity and the parameter of the first optical element 11, the emission angle reducing infrared light reaches desired value, and the light beam of infrared light can be ensured to be adjusted to directional light.
Preferably, the second optical element 15 comprises one or more prefocus cups or optically focused cone.
Be understandable that, by adjusting quantity and the parameter of the second optical element 15, the infrared light in the infrared pond of injection converged, can ensure that light signal strength can reach the detection threshold of detecting device.
Preferably, infrared pond 12 is provided with air intake opening 18, for importing gas to be detected; Gas outlet 19, for deriving gas to be detected.
Be understandable that, infrared pond 12 arranges air intake opening 18 and gas outlet 19, according to detection needs, type and the concentration of gas to be detected can be upgraded easily, realize flexible operating.
Preferably, infrared pond 12 is also provided with the first optical window 16, injects the infrared light in described infrared pond for transmission; Second optical window 17, for being transmitted through the infrared light of gas to be detected.
Preferably, the center of the first optical window 16 and the second optical window 17 is all positioned on ultrared optical axis, can ensure like this first optical window 16 to greatest extent transmission inject the infrared light in infrared pond 12, the second optical window 17 is transmitted through the infrared light after gas to be detected to greatest extent.
As shown in Figure 8, a kind of according to another embodiment of the present invention gas concentration detection apparatus, its first optical element 11 comprises the first plano-convex lens 110 and the second convex lens 111, second optical element 15 is 1 prefocus cup.After the infrared light that infrared light supply 10 sends is adjusted spread angle by the first plano-convex lens 110 and the second plano-convex lens 111 successively, parallelly enter infrared pond 12, after being fallen the light of preset wavelength by the gas absorption to be detected in infrared pond 12, prefocus cup 15 carries out beams converge, optical filter 13 sponges the light beyond preset wavelength, and in last infrared light, remaining light quantity is received by detecting device 14.
As shown in Figure 9, a kind of according to another embodiment of the present invention gas concentration detection apparatus, structure is substantially identical with Fig. 7 shown device, and the key distinction is that the first optical element 11 is 1 Fresnel Lenses, and the second optical element 15 is 1 optically focused cone.
As shown in Figure 10, a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention gas concentration detection method, comprising:
S1, reduce the emission angle of the infrared light that light source sends, be tending towards parallel to make the light beam of described infrared light;
Described in S2, gas absorption to be detected, infrared light medium wavelength equals the light of preset wavelength;
S3, filter plate absorb the light that described infrared light medium wavelength is not equal to preset wavelength;
S4, detect the infrared light light quantity that remaining infrared light medium wavelength equals preset wavelength, and calculate the concentration of gas to be detected according to described light quantity.
Preferably, also comprised before described step S3:
Converge by the infrared light after gas to be detected, strengthen to make described infrared light light intensity.
To sum up, a kind of gas concentration detection apparatus provided by the invention is by reducing the angle of divergence of infrared light, not in the inwall generation diffuse reflection of infrared pond before making infrared light be received by detecting device, compared to existing technology, the impact even avoided by the change of infrared pond inwall reflectivity can be reduced, relatively improve the degree of accuracy that gas concentration detects.
In addition, in the prior art adopting traditional diffuse reflectance infrared pond, if normally work every day 8 hours, can decline with the speed about 8% ~ 10%/moon through the unrestrained infrared ray signal value benchmark launched, because benchmark is in change, so need to demarcate accuracy of detection with the gas to be detected of normal concentration continually, simultaneously when infrared pond wall polluting is fairly obvious, also need to carry out changing or cleaning, thus also need again to demarcate.Compared to existing technology, because the present invention can reduce the signal drift even avoided because of caused by the change of infrared pond inwall reflectivity, signal is stablized in long-time, and need not frequently demarcate, save manpower and materials.
In the present invention, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.Term " multiple " refers to two or more, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a gas concentration detection apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising:
Light source, for sending infrared light;
First optical element, is positioned at the light emission side of described light source, for reducing the angle of divergence of infrared light;
Infrared pond, be positioned at the light emission side of described first optical element, inside is full of gas to be detected, equals the light of preset wavelength for absorbing infrared light medium wavelength;
Optical filter, being positioned at the light emission side in described infrared pond, being not equal to the light of preset wavelength for absorbing infrared light medium wavelength;
Detecting device, is positioned at the light emission side of described optical filter, equals the infrared light light quantity of preset wavelength, and calculate the concentration of gas to be detected according to described light quantity for detecting remaining infrared light medium wavelength.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Second optical element, is arranged between described infrared pond and optical filter, for converging the infrared light in the described infrared pond of injection.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described infrared pond inwall is coated with extinction material, is irradiated to infrared light on inwall and external environment condition incides light in described infrared pond for absorbing.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the first optical element reduces the angle of divergence of described infrared light, is tending towards parallel to make the light beam of described infrared light.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first optical element comprises one or more plano-convex lens lens or Fresnel Lenses.
6. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described second optical element comprises one or more prefocus cups or optically focused cone.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described infrared pond is provided with air intake opening, for importing gas to be detected; Gas outlet, for deriving gas to be detected.
8. arbitrary device according to claims 1 to 7, is characterized in that, described infrared pond is also provided with the first optical window, injects the infrared light in described infrared pond for transmission; Second optical window, for being transmitted through the infrared light after gas to be detected.
9., based on a gas concentration detection method for device according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, comprising:
S1, reduce the emission angle of the infrared light that light source sends, be tending towards parallel to make the light beam of described infrared light;
Described in S2, gas absorption to be detected, infrared light medium wavelength equals the light of preset wavelength;
S3, filter plate absorb the light that described infrared light medium wavelength is not equal to preset wavelength;
S4, detect the infrared light light quantity that remaining infrared light medium wavelength equals preset wavelength, and calculate the concentration of gas to be detected according to described light quantity.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, also comprises before described step S3:
Converge by the infrared light after gas to be detected, strengthen to make described infrared light light signal strength.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108593587A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-09-28 | 青岛海纳光电环保有限公司 | A kind of non-dispersion infrared gas sensor |
| CN108896236A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-11-27 | 华南师范大学 | The measuring device and measuring method of gas pressure intensity in a kind of closed glass gas chamber |
| CN111157477A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Total hydrocarbon concentration detector and total hydrocarbon concentration detection method |
| CN111307752A (en) * | 2020-03-22 | 2020-06-19 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Building construction concrete sample block infrared detection device and using method thereof |
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| CN111157477A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Total hydrocarbon concentration detector and total hydrocarbon concentration detection method |
| CN111307752A (en) * | 2020-03-22 | 2020-06-19 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Building construction concrete sample block infrared detection device and using method thereof |
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